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    Reverse Power Troubleshoot

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    Megat Rambai Sr
    A generator can experience reverse power at either leading or lagging power factors when its prime mover loses power. When this happens, the other generators will supply power to keep it running as a motor, overloading the system. A reverse power relay detects this change and trips the generator's circuit breaker to protect the equipment. Reverse power occurs when the energy input to the generator's prime mover is insufficient to keep it spinning at synchronous speed, causing the generator to act as a motor driven by the grid instead of contributing power.

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    Reverse Power Troubleshoot

    Uploaded by

    Megat Rambai Sr
    1K views2 pages
    A generator can experience reverse power at either leading or lagging power factors when its prime mover loses power. When this happens, the other generators will supply power to keep it running as a motor, overloading the system. A reverse power relay detects this change and trips the generator's circuit breaker to protect the equipment. Reverse power occurs when the energy input to the generator's prime mover is insufficient to keep it spinning at synchronous speed, causing the generator to act as a motor driven by the grid instead of contributing power.

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    A generator can experience reverse power at either leading or lagging power factors when its prime mover loses power. When this happens, the other generators will supply power to keep it running as a motor, overloading the system. A reverse power relay detects this change and trips the generator's circuit breaker to protect the equipment. Reverse power occurs when the energy input to the generator's prime mover is insufficient to keep it spinning at synchronous speed, causing the generator to act as a motor driven by the grid instead of contributing power.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    1K views2 pages

    Reverse Power Troubleshoot

    Uploaded by

    Megat Rambai Sr
    A generator can experience reverse power at either leading or lagging power factors when its prime mover loses power. When this happens, the other generators will supply power to keep it running as a motor, overloading the system. A reverse power relay detects this change and trips the generator's circuit breaker to protect the equipment. Reverse power occurs when the energy input to the generator's prime mover is insufficient to keep it spinning at synchronous speed, causing the generator to act as a motor driven by the grid instead of contributing power.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Reversepowertroubleshoot

    It'spresumedthedieselgenerator(generatorset)hadbeenworkingfineforsometimeandhasjuststarted
    exhibitingthisbehaviour.
    Theamountofpowerproducedbyageneratorset(primemoverandgenerator)isdirectlyproportionalthe
    amountofenergyflowingintotheprimemover.Inyourcase,theprimemoverisadieselengine,sothe
    amountofpowerbeingproducedbythedieselisafunctionoftheamountofdieselflowingintotheengine.
    Itrequiresacertainamountoffuelforadieselgeneratorjusttoreachandmaintainratedspeedtoperform
    synchronization.And,oncethegeneratorsetissynchronizedtothegrid(orwithothergeneratorsandtheir
    primemovers)toincreasetheamountofpowerbeingproducedbyyourdieselgeneratorit'snecessaryto
    increasetheamountoffuelflowingintothedieseloverandabovetheamountrequiredjusttoreachand
    maintainsynchronizingspeed.Ifthefuelisnotsufficienttomaintaindieselgeneratorspeedatsynchronous
    speedthenthegridtowhichthedieselgeneratorissynchronizedwillsupplypowertothegeneratorcalled
    "motorizing"thegeneratortokeepthespeedatsynchronousspeed.ThisisNOTagoodconditionfordiesel
    generatorsbecausethegenerator,whichhasbecomeamotorwhenthishappens(whenreversepoweris
    flowingINTOthegeneratorfromthegrid)isactuallyspinningthedieselbecausetheamountoffuelflowing
    intothedieselisnotsufficienttokeepthegensetspinningatsynchronousspeed.Dieselsdon'tlikethisvery
    muchandthat'swhytherearereversepowerrelays,toprotecttheprimemovers(thedieselinyourcase)from
    damagecausedbythegeneratorspinningtheprimemover.
    Ifthegeneratorsetdoesn'tpickuploadoncesynchronized,thenthere'ssomethingwrongwitheitherthefuel
    rack/controlsystem,orthereissomerestrictionlimitingtheflowofliquidfuelintothediesel.I'veseepaper
    elementsofdieselfuelfiltersswellupandrestricttheflowofdieselfuelthroughthemwhenthereissome
    waterinthedieselfuel(whichthereshouldn'tbebutsometimesithappens).Or,thedieselfuelfiltersarejust
    pluggedfromdirt.Orthefuelrackhas"loosened"andeventhroughtheactuatorisatfullstroke,thefuelrack
    isn't.Or,theinjectorsaredirty/plugged.
    Reversepoweroccurswhentheenergyflowrateintothegeneratorprimemoverisn'tsufficienttokeepthe
    generatorspinningatsynchronous(rated)speed.Whenageneratorandit'sprimemoveraresynchronizedtoa
    grid,itHAStospinatthespeedrelativetothefrequencyofthegrid(synchronousspeed).Ifitdoesn't,thegrid
    willsupplypowertothegeneratorsettokeepitspinningatsynchronousspeedandthat'sreversepower.(The
    generatoractuallybecomesamotoranddrives,spins,theprimemoverwhichisn'tgoodforsomeprime
    movers.)
    Solveyourfuelflowrateproblemandyouwillsolveyourreversepowerproblem.

    How generator get reverse power when


    working in leading power factor?
    Best Answer: kVAr is reactive power. That is, it is power generated but not used due
    to low power factor. Otherwise known as watt-less current.

    A generator can go into reverse power whether leading or lagging power factor.
    This occurs when drive to the generator is lost. IE. if diesel driven, then loss of fuel
    to engine.
    As AC. generators are synchronous and when operating in parallel, then if one loses
    the prime mover, then the other generators will attempt to keep it running by
    supplying power to it. The generator with problems will then run as a motor, putting
    extra load onto the remaining generators, which could very well lead to losing all
    generators due to overload, as well as driving the prime mover, which may have
    tripped due to low lubricating oil and therefore destroy the engine.

    A reverse power trip relay will then detect this change and trip the circuit breaker for
    the generator with a problem.

    If you draw a right-angle triangle as the power triangle,


    Call the hypotenuse - kVA
    the vertical perpendicular - kW
    the horizontal base - kVAr
    and the angle between kVA and kW - angle 'a'
    then the power factor of the circuit is cos 'a'.

    If you now make angle 'a' 0 then cos 0 = 1, or unity and kVA = kW,(a straight vertical
    line and no kVAr component).
    Now all that is generated is what is being used.(Neglecting other losses).

    If you now make angle 'a' 90 then cos 90 = 0 and kVA = kVAr, (a straight horizontal
    line and no kW component).
    Now all that is generated is not being used, it is simply circulating between
    generators.

    This is the reason why electricity suppliers impose penalties for consumers with low
    power factors.
    The supplier has to pay for the generated kVA, but the consumer is only paying for
    the kW used.

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