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    Calcium Hypochlorite - Wikipedia

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    Sachin Yadav
    Calcium hypochlorite is a white or gray powder with the chemical formula Ca(OCl)2 that is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. It has a stronger bleaching power than liquid bleach. Calcium hypochlorite is produced by treating lime with chlorine gas and is used to sanitize swimming pools and drinking water. It is also used as a general oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions and to manufacture chloroform. Calcium hypochlorite reacts with acids or carbon dioxide to release chlorine and must be stored dry and cold away from organic materials and metals.

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    Calcium Hypochlorite - Wikipedia

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    Sachin Yadav
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    Calcium hypochlorite is a white or gray powder with the chemical formula Ca(OCl)2 that is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. It has a stronger bleaching power than liquid bleach. Calcium hypochlorite is produced by treating lime with chlorine gas and is used to sanitize swimming pools and drinking water. It is also used as a general oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions and to manufacture chloroform. Calcium hypochlorite reacts with acids or carbon dioxide to release chlorine and must be stored dry and cold away from organic materials and metals.

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    Calcium hypochlorite is a white or gray powder with the chemical formula Ca(OCl)2 that is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. It has a stronger bleaching power than liquid bleach. Calcium hypochlorite is produced by treating lime with chlorine gas and is used to sanitize swimming pools and drinking water. It is also used as a general oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions and to manufacture chloroform. Calcium hypochlorite reacts with acids or carbon dioxide to release chlorine and must be stored dry and cold away from organic materials and metals.

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    101 views6 pages

    Calcium Hypochlorite - Wikipedia

    Uploaded by

    Sachin Yadav
    Calcium hypochlorite is a white or gray powder with the chemical formula Ca(OCl)2 that is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. It has a stronger bleaching power than liquid bleach. Calcium hypochlorite is produced by treating lime with chlorine gas and is used to sanitize swimming pools and drinking water. It is also used as a general oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions and to manufacture chloroform. Calcium hypochlorite reacts with acids or carbon dioxide to release chlorine and must be stored dry and cold away from organic materials and metals.

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    of 6

    Calcium hypochlorite or Calcium oxychloride

    Names
    Other names
    Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt
    Bleaching powder, Calcium oxychloride
    Identiers
    CAS Number 7778-54-3

    3D model (Jmol) Interactive image


    ChemSpider 22912

    ECHA InfoCard 100.029.007


    EC Number 231-908-7
    PubChem 24504
    RTECS number NH3485000
    UN number 1748

    InChI
    InChI=1S/Ca.2ClO/c;2*1-2/q+2;2*-1
    Key:ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    InChI=1/Ca.2ClO/c;2*1-2/q+2;2*-1
    Key:ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYAV

    SMILES
    [Ca+2].[O-].Cl.[O-].Cl

    Properties
    Chemical formula Ca(OCl)2
    Molar mass 142.98 g/mol
    Appearance white/gray powder
    Density 2.35 g/cm3 (20 C)
    Melting point 100C (212F; 373K)
    Boiling point 175C (347F; 448K) decomposes
    Solubility in water 21 g/100 mL, reacts
    Solubility reacts in alcohol
    Hazards
    Safety data sheet ICSC 0638
    EUclassication (DSD)
    O (O)
    C (C)

    Xn (Xn)

    N (N)

    R-phrases R8, R22, R31, R34, R50


    S-phrases (S1/2), S26, S36/37/39, S45, S61
    NFPA 704
    0
    3 1
    OX

    Flash point Non-flammable


    Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
    LD50 (median dose) 850 mg/kg (oral, rat)
    Related compounds
    Other anions Calcium chloride
    Other cations Sodium hypochlorite
    Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25C [77F], 100kPa).
    verify(what is ?)

    Infoboxreferences

    Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with formula Ca(ClO)2. As a mixture with lime and
    calcium chloride, it is marketed as chlorine powder or bleach powder for water treatment and as a
    bleaching agent.[1] This compound is relatively stable and has greater available chlorine than
    sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach).[2] It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear
    yellow. It strongly smells of chlorine, owing to its slow decomposition in moist air. It is not highly
    soluble in water and is more preferably used in soft to medium-hard water. It has two forms: dry and
    hydrated.

    Uses

    Sanitation

    Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used to sanitize public swimming pools and disinfect drinking
    water. Generally the commercial substance is sold with a purity of a 68% (with other additives and
    contaminants varying based upon the product's intended purpose). For instance as a swimming
    pool chemical it is often mixed with cyanuric acid stabilizers and anti-scaling agents (in order to
    reduce the loss of chlorine from ultraviolet radiation and to prevent calcium hardening). Calcium
    hypochlorite is also used in kitchens to disinfect surfaces and equipment.[3] Other common uses
    include bathroom cleansers, household disinfectant sprays, algaecides, herbicides, and laundry
    detergents.

    Organic chemistry

    Calcium hypochlorite is a general oxidizing agent and therefore nds some use in organic
    chemistry.[4] For instance the compound is used to cleave glycols, -hydroxy carboxylic acids and
    keto acids to yield fragmented aldehydes or carboxylic acids.[5] Calcium hypochlorite can also be
    used in the haloform reaction to manufacture chloroform.[6]

    3 Ca(OCl)2 + 2 (CH3)2CO 2 CHCl 3 + 2 Ca(OH)2+ Ca(CH3COO)2

    Production

    Calcium oxychloride is produced industrially by treating lime (Ca(OH)2) with chlorine gas. The
    reaction can be conducted in stages to give various compositions, each with different concentration
    of calcium hypochlorite, together with unconverted lime and calcium chloride. The full conversion is
    shown[1]

    2 Cl2 + 2 Ca(OH)2 Ca(OCl) 2 + CaCl2 + 2 H2O

    Bleaching powder is not a simple mixture of calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride, and calcium
    hydroxide. Instead, it is a mixture consisting principally of calcium hypochlorite Ca(OCl)2, dibasic
    calcium hypochlorite, Ca3(OCl)2(OH)4, and dibasic calcium chloride, Ca3Cl2(OH)4.[7] It is made from
    slightly moist slaked lime.

    Properties

    Calcium hypochlorite reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate and release dichlorine
    monoxide:

    Ca(ClO)2 + CO2 CaCO 3 + Cl2O


    A calcium hypochlorite solution is basic. This basicity is due to the hydrolysis performed by the
    hypochlorite ion, as hypochlorous acid is weak, but calcium hydroxide is a strong base. As a result,
    the hypochlorite ion is a strong conjugate base, and the calcium ion is a weak conjugate acid:


    ClO + H2O HClO + OH
    Similarly, calcium hypochlorite reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, water and
    chlorine:

    Ca(OCl)2 + 4 HCl CaCl 2 + 2 H2O + 2 Cl2

    Safety

    Calcium hypochlorite is stored dry and cold, away from any organic material and metals. The
    hydrated form is safer to handle.

    References

    1. ^ a b Vogt, H.; Balej, J; Bennett, J. E.; Wintzer, P.; Sheikh, S. A.; Gallone, P.; Vasudevan, S.; Pelin, K.
    (2010). "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial
    Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_483.pub2 .

    2. ^ Gerald F. Connell. "KEY OPERATING STRATEGIES FOR CHLORINE DISINFECTION OPERATING


    SYSTEMS" (PDF) . Retrieved 19 October 2014.

    3. ^ Chemical Products Synopsis: Calcium Hypochlorite (Technical report). Asbuiy Park, NJ:
    Mannsvile Chemical Products. 1987.

    4. ^ Nwaukwa, Stephen; Keehn, Philip (1982). "The oxidation of aldehydes to acids with calcium
    hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2]". Tetrahedron Letters. 23 (31): 31313134. doi:10.1016/S0040-
    4039(00)88577-9 .

    5. ^ Nwaukwa, Stephen; Keehn, Philip (1982). "Oxidative cleavage of -diols, -diones, -hydroxy-
    ketones and -hydroxy- and -keto acids with calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2]". Tetrahedron Letters.
    23 (31): 31353138. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)88578-0 .

    6. ^ Cohen, Julius (1900). Practical Organic Chemistry for Advanced Students . Newyork: Macmillan
    & Co. p.63.

    7. ^ W.L Smith, Inorganic bleaches, Production of Hypochlorite in Handbook of Detergents,Part F,


    (2009) Ed. U Zoller and Paul Sosis, CRCPress, ISBN 978-0-8247-0349-3

    External links

    Chemical Land
    Last edited 20 days ago by an anonymous user

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