'>~

Alexandria University : L...a~'il.4 '. eI?

Faculty of Engineering ~1~
Structural Engineering Department
~~'~''''''.

THIRD YEAR cIVIL

REINFORCED CONCRETE(2)

DESIGN TABLES AND EQUATIONS

'\I, .
"',
 values or 'Yr
Load Type
Load .

Combinatio .
"

Wind
n
Load, .W Lateral
Dead Lo.ad, D ~. Live Load, L Load, E
1.D+L 1.4 O.~~ 1.6 0 -- --
2."D+W O.8~ 1.4 O~9' -- -- 1.3 --
3 ..D+L+W 0.8* 1.4 O~9 0.8*1~6 0 1.3 --
--
.'

4. D+L+E 1".4 0.9 1.6 -- 1.6+

+ 1.4 in case of W ater Pressure

a ues 0 1m
.Limit State Concrete,'Yc Steel.v,
1. ULS
Flexure, Shear, 1.5 1.15
Torsion, Bearing, .
Bond"
Eccentric compression
1.{(~}- (e~t)] ~ 1.5 1.1{(~)- (e~t)]~ 1.15
2. SLS 1.0 1.0
(deflection and
.cracking)

. Le ,) "CI~.J Ranax r.J>-J1 A....JlW~' .All J,.at....J cs,y-J\ ~fi.11 tJA ('-) J~
. ~L..c.t.biU Cmax Id ~ u-D J~I J~ ~I J-lI ~.J Pmax cs.,.-iJ\ ~I
.l,ii .1JJ' ~ ~1
'. Grade . emax/d Pm.x R max
240/350 0.50 8.56 x 10-4 feu
';

0.214
280/450 0.48 7.00 X 10-4 feu 0.208
~60(~20" 0.44 5.00 X 10-4 feu 0.194
'400/600 O.4~ "4.31 x 10-4 feu 0.187
.' '" -4
" 45.0/520 0.40 3.65 X 10 feu 0.180
.' '. .

Minimum ConcreteCover, mm
:t
(Tabl~ 4~13.of ECP) '.

All elements except solid Solid slabs and. walls

Class ofstructure
according to
"slabs and walls'
feu~ 25 feu >25 fell :S 25 f(,11 >25
.,
. Table:~:4"-11~Of 2 . N/mm 2 N/mm 2
N/olm
N/nim
ECP
1 25 20 20 20
.2 30." 25' . 25 20
3' 35 30-, 30 25
4 ..'
45 40 40 35
 UESIONAJOS
-rattle JJ2VALUES ()FTII~ 1)I~J'1lf ()F 'I~IJE COl\ll'JlESSION ZONE Cft)
AND :TJII~ l.lINFOJl~MI~N"IltA'rIO(A sIbd). .
COltl~ESI)()NDING TOI It.*1

R 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006'. 0,007 '0.008 0.009

-===
..
0.06 aid 0.0945 0.0961 0.0978 O.O99~ 0.1011 0.1028 0.1045 0.1061 . ..0"'078 ': 0.1095
0.06 u 0.0483 0.0491 '0.0500 0.0508 '0.0517 0.0525 0.0534 . 0.0542 0.0551 0.0560
0.07 aId 0.1112 0.1129 . 0.1146 0.1163 0.1180 0.1197 0.1214 0.1231 ~: O~1248 0.1265'
0.07 u 0,0568 0.0577 0.0586 0.0594 0.0603 0.0612 0.0620 0.0629. 0.0638 0.0647
0.08 aid 0.1282 0.1299 0.1317 0.1334 0.1351 0.1369 0.1386 0.1403 0.1421 0.1438
0.08 u 0.0655 0.0664 0.0673 0.0682 0.0691 0.0700 0.0708 0.0717 O.Q726 O.O7~5

0.09 aid 0.1t 56 0.1474 0.1491 0.1509 0.1527 0.1544 0.1562 I 0.1580 O,169Q :. 0.1615
0.09 u 0.0 44 0..0753 0.0762 0.0771 0.0780 0.0789 0.0798' " 0.0807 '. o.08i7~'
'_. r
0.0826
0.1 .a/d O.163:t 0.1651 0.1669 OJ687 0.1705 0.1724 0.1742 '0.1760 : 0.1178 . 0.1798
0.1 u 0.0835 0.0844 0.0853 0.0862 0.0872 0.0881 0.0890 0.08'99 '0.0009 :' 0.0918
.:.','. r
!O.t 1 aId 0.1815 . 0.1833 0.1851 . 0.1870 0.1888 0.1907 0.1925 0.1944 O:iV63 '.:, 0.1981
0.11 u 0.0927 0.0937 0.0946 0.0958 0.0965 0.0975 O.~84 0.0994 . 0.~.OO3 ~ 0.1013
0.12 aid 0.2000 ' 0.2019 0.2038 0.2056 . 0.2075 0.2094 0.2113 0.2132 O.~1~1 0.2171
0.12 u 0.1022 0.1032 0.1041 0.1051 0.1061 0.1070 - 0.1080 0.1090 . OJ100 0.1109
0.13 aid 0.2190 0.2209 0.2228 0.2248 0.2267 0.2286 0.2306 0.2325 '0.2345 0.2365
0.13 u' 0.1119 0.1129 0.1139 0.1149 0.'159 0.1169 0.1179 0.1189 ' 0.1199 0.1209
0.14 aId 0.2384 0.2404 0.2424 0.2444 0.2463 0.2483 0.2503 0.2523 . o.254i o 25(\~ I
I~
0.14 U 0.1219 0.1229 0.1239 0.1249 0.1259 0.1269 0.1.279 0.1290 O.1~o : 0.1310
0.15 aId 0.2584 0.2604 0.2624 0.2645 0.2665 0.2686 0.2706 0.2727 0'.2747 . 0.2768
0.15 u 0.1321 0.1331 0.1341 0.1352\ 0.1362 0.1373 0.1383 0.1394 :0.1404" 0.1415
0.16 aId 0.2789 0.2810 0.2831 0.2852 0.2873 0.2894 0.2915 0.2936 . 0.2957 0.2979
0.16 u 0.1425 0.1436 0.1447 0.1457 0.1468 0.1479 0.1490 0.1501 . 0.1511 0.1522
0.17 aid 03000 0.3021 0.3043 0.3065 0.3086 0.3108 0.3130 0.3152 93174 0.3196
: 0.17 u 0.1533 0.1544 0~1555 0.1566 0.1577 0.1589 0.1600 0.1611 0.1622 0.1633
0.18 sId 0.3218 0.3240 .0.3262 0.32.84 0.3307 0.3329 0.3352 p.\Df!U~
0.18 u 0.1645 0.1656 0.1667 0.1679 0~1690 0.1702 0.1713
0.337"
0.1725
~O
10.

.'
8 0.3420
0.1748
0.19 aId 0.3443 0.3465 0.3488 . 0.3512 0.3535 0.3558 . 0.3581 0.3605 0.. 3628 ,0.3652
0.19 u 0.1760 0.1771 0.1783 0.1795 0.1.807 0.1819 0.1830 0.1.842 0.1854 0.1866
0.2 aid
0.2 u
0.3675
0.t879
0.3699
0.1891
0.3723
0.t903
0.3747
0.1915
0.3771
0.1927
0.3795
0.1840
0.3819
0.1952
0.3844
0.1965
0.3868
0.1977
0.3893
o 1q... I
.
0.21 aid 0.3917 . 0.3942 0.3967 0.3992 0.4017, O.4~ 0.4067 O.~092 .: ~
0.4118 O.41~J
0.21 u 0.2002. 0.2015
. ,
0.2027 0.2040 0.2053 0.2066 0.2079 0.2092 0.2105 .. 0.2118
0.22 aid O.~169 0.4195 0.4221 0-,4247 0.4273 0.4299 0.4325 . O.~352 0.4379 0.4405
0.22 u 0.2131 0.2144 ' 0.2157 0.2171 0.2184 0.2197 0.2211 ,.0.2224 0.2238 0.2252
. 0.23 aid 0.4432' 0.4459 0.4486 '0.4514 0.4541 0.4589 0.4596 0.11624 0.4652 0.-4680
0.23 u ' 0.2265 0.2279 0.2293 O~2307 02321 0.2335 0.2349 0.2363 0.2378 0.2392
O~24 'lId 0.4708 0.4737 0.4765 '0.4794 0.4823 0.4852 0.4881 0.4911 0.4940 ',0.4970'
0.24 u 0.2407 0.2421 0.2436 0.2450 . 0.2465 0.24180 0.2495 0.2510 0,,252& 0.2540

0.5000 .
0.25 aid 0.5030 0.5060 0.5091 0.5121 0.5152 0.5183 0.5216 0.5246 0.5278
0.25 u .0.2558 0.2571 0.2586 0.2602 0.2618 0.2633 0.2649 0.2665 0.2681 0.269,7
....
Toget the values of( aid andu) cort8spon,di~g t~ a gIVen. value C).f ,R
1 round R to three decimalS R-0.18765:-> R-O.188
2- go d~n In l~ first -column tothe tow cOntaining the fi~st ~O decimals 0.18
3- go borlzonlally to tho column containing thr THIRD decimal 0.008
' M~ -'-" .
R
; &

bd.2 101 IVc

Examplo .
Compute the depth 01 thecompreslon blockandtherequired reinforcement for the givencross sedlon.

b= 30cm h=80 em d=73 an . Mu=50 a.m.) . fcu=250kg/cm2 fy=3600kg/cm2

R=50'1 OOOOO/30n3n3/{250/1 ~5)= 0.18765

a=0.3391-"73: 24.80 em , As=O.173.6*250/3600-(3073)= 26.40 cm2
 Allowable Stresses'(N/mm 2)

For Concrete and Steel

" , , , 'tSy..c.J1 j fill (' - 0) J.J~

. ~l
.J
:u~.:. 11
~
I : ~ ..~.II
~
ub1--1
"H"

\.fi.4J lL .
U.o.Q 4w"l..u~1 uj)
. .WJ ~I
~ ~'J,,*I
. '
t
~hlh"Ql\ ~IJ~~1 el.~i
r-"Iu La.J:! "" ~ U"'""l:!1l1 ~ 0J:!-31
30 1 25 20 18 feu . (4i)I) O~..4w"l..u..PJl ~.JlL
7.0 6.0 5.0 ". 4.5 f eo (e ~emin) tS~ ~
10.5 9.5 8.0 7.0 f ..
e 0~1 e ~ ,Ji ,.U:...I"i1
~
~ 4w"l..u..PJl ~JlL
0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 qc I
Jc.\JilIJ ~~\ u! ~ 6J~ .
0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 qe . ~I
tS..?- ,. l..$\tl u! ~ UJ
. .1.l.
~ .

~~ tf'4 ~ JJ:?oJ
2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 q2 .....(b...l u-U\.J (",)4i1\) fo ~~\

1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 qcp y!till e..w=i1\

........ j~.jA31 ~I

140 140 140 140 240/350 tS..>h ~ -,

~

160 160 160 160 280/450 ~-"

200 200 200 200 3601520 ~-,.
fs
220 220 220 220 400/600 ~ -t

160 .160 160 160 ~t 450/520 fl~ 4aJJI-o

220 220 220 220 ~ Jj .Jt ~,,.,,:un .Jj

~I Jbl tS.iJ.- ~ tkill ~ e tS.JY- ~ j~I JPl ~ ~I o~ *

ulJ~':ll ~-' .r-a"" ~~Y 4lil:;.:j u=Jlu~I.J ul.;-oS}l ~6. ~ ub~':ll o.iA
. -..: " . : -; ~ 'C H lJ ~~ , , ",0 , "" , ',0 .;l~ olbi.Jl ~I LP uLb)4l1 ~ Lr-;U ~ C~l
.~ A, , " . , ' ' ' , , r.' ~ ulj u~ ~IjJl

J~I I.iA ~ ;~I ~I y~ qe & q2 ~ ~ r~J:4 y~ ~ .:l..F.".J ~6. ~.

Osi & Oti ~6..Jl ~ ~l ) u-ail1 4.16J
.. j
. ...-:.II.l:=..b .. ~ liU....':l li11 ~I ubI. - I . ~ . i . I,..
C~ .J.J-'-A ~ . ~ v--- .0 ~

-~-
 Table 4-10 of the Egyptian Code, 2007 '
SpanlDepth Ratio ( L 1 h) for JlC Members Unless Deflections are computed
Beams with rectangular sections & One-Way Slabs with Span -c 10 m,
Canrilevers with length < 2.0 m I

lA 0 Ie,,!
1) Steel grade 400/600
~ c
<: v-/J
Member Simply Continuous from Continuous from Cantilever
l
Supported one end both ends
. ,

Solid Slabs 25 30 36 10 '

Ribbed Slabs &
-... ~ . Embedded 20 25 28 8
Beams
Beams 16 18 21 5

2!Steel grade 360 1520

Member Simply Continuous from Continuous from Cantilever
Supported one end both ends
Solid Slabs 26.2 31.4 37.7. 10.5
Ribbed Slabs &
/

Embedded /'2i.O 26.2 29.4 "

8.4J

.Beams
-
Beams 16.8 1.8.9 22.0 5.2

3) Steel grade 240 1350

Member" Simply Continuous from Continuous from Cantilever
/ ..-:
-
Supported one end both ends
Solid Slabs 32.5 39.0 46~8 13.0
.Ribbed Sla~s &
Embedded 26.0 32.5 36.4 10.4
Beams ,
33 1b /o,;.!:>
Beams
.
20.8 23.4 27.3 6.5

-4
 - For T-sections, the values given in Tablet-l-IO) shall be multiplied by the
coefficient 0 given below )
biB 5:0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
a 0.80 0.82 0.88 0.94 1.00

Control of Deflection: Two-way Slabs

According'to the Egyptian Code, check of deflection is not required for two-way
.slabs in ordinary buildings if thickness of slab; t is not less then the following
whichever the larger r

- t = 100 mm :.: / './

<. . . ,, '-
:.~. ' ~'
,a (l. 085 + 1600
. -.
f J y

-v'""f?- t = 20 '

15 + - + 10 fip

b la
. Where, ~p = ratio of length of continuous sides of the slab to its total perimeter

..
i.e. for simply supported slab: ~p = 0

For intermediate slab: ~p == 1

One- Way Slabs

/ \/ / /( c

According to the Egyptian Code:

a) For deflection control-slab thickness should not be less than:
- J-.(
. .)'\.S:j.)\ ~b.
4.h')LJ\
Steel 240(350 Steel 360/520' Steel 400/600
,
Support Condition .r

Simply supported L/30.0 L/26.2 L 125.0

One end
L 135.0 \ L 131.4 . L /30.0
continuous
Two ends
continuous
L/40.0 SI~7.7 -, Ll36.0
Cantilevers L 112.0 L 110.5 L , 110.0
b) Generally, for cast in place slabs tmin = 80 mm for slabs subjected to static
loads and tmin = 120 mm for slabs subjected to dynamic loads, these values
may be reduced for pre-cast slabs y..a1\ ~L... w~1

-5
 Two-Way Slabs

. >. Table 6-3 of the Egyptian Code ECP 2007

DIS t rrib u tiIOn coe ffici
icren t s accordlUg t 0 G ras h 0 ff
r 1.0 1.1 --1.2 1.J 104 - 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 , 1.9 2.0
a 0.500 0.595 0.672 0.742 0.797 0.834 0.867 0.893 0.914 0.928 0.941

~ 0.500 00405 0.328 0.258 0.203 0.166 0.133 0.107 0.086

. 0.072 0.059
, .

_.

Table 6-1 of the Egyptian CodeECP 2007

Distribution coefficients for slabs with L.L. < 5.0 kN/m 2
r 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 L I
1.5 1.6 I
1.7 1.8 1.9 12.0
I
-r- -
a. 0.35 0040 I 0.45 0.50 I 0.55 I 0.60 f 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 I 0.85
I i
~ . 0.3'5 0.29 O .2~_,-0 .2 1 c~lo . 1 6 1 0.14 1-0.12 I 0.11 I 0.09 l 0.08

Table 6 ~2 of the Egyptian Code ECP 200 7

Distribution coefficients for slabs with L.L. ~ 5.0 kN/m 2

A ccor dilD t o M ~ ...../ -. r

r 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 104 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0

~ 0.396 00473 0.543 0.606 0.660 0.706 0.746 0.778 0.806 0.830 0.849
-
~ 0.396 0.333 0.262 0.212 0.172 0.140 0.113 0.093 0.077 0.063 0.053

Minimum Thickness ~~I&.uJl

In order to avoid thin slab which may cause large deflection,.the Egyptian code
limits the-minimum thickness of slab to be:

~ u~1
Q5
/min = 3 Forsimply supported slabs j1.S:l..J),1
Q . - -
/min =-40 For slab continuous from one end ohl., ~li lJ..a o~1 u~1

. t.:
mm
=!!.:..
45 Forslab
_.. continuous from two ends .~li ....., 0 ~
..~.. '1 ulb)l..Jl
u;;-;-:- "" -

- 6
 Shear & Torsion .

. Q" Q" -(M" tan [J/d)

~qu=bd gil = . bd
- q"rna.'(' =07f~ <"ON/mm
rc
-'T' 2 - -024f~
q<11 -
~
N/mln
2

.- Fo~slabS and beams with depth ~ 250 mm: s; = O.l6~~: ".q.

A.,
-~n = z: 0.4f y
llmin > 0.15 % for steel 240/350

llmin ~ 0.10 % for other types of steel

t,- (sma+cosa
A" h . )
rs
bs
A.v. Iy (J2)

. 0.=45 ,
- For
o
rs

bs

. , - For one row of bent-up bars, q.o"b =

f; .
A.0"'-
' (sma)
r.bd
o .
fi
:s; 0.24 fc"
r.
Mill
- q'll = (2A t )
oc
,..., " f .

. - Negl~t ;~a;n'~ffects if qm = o.06f~ N/mm'

~\'\ rc
V a Iues 0 f qtu W h en t orsion efiiect s may b e negtec e
feu N/mm2. 20 25 30 35 40
I
qtu N mm
,2 0.22 0.25 0.27 0.29 0.31

V('tv.) 'L ... (}l:\L)7. ~ } \Ml~

.-<
? v\..
/j I
Qj
,......-,) .:/ ! D' r.? r::
',,--~~ ' , ~<., ~. . . _.

-1
!. "

Rteq utre
. d Rel
em ~orcement ~or 81tear an dTorsron

q" ,;o06Fr. qlU>O.06~f~

" Y"
".

qu s qcu Minimum shear . Reinforcement for qtu

reinforcement
qu > qcu Reinforcement for Reinforcement for qtu
(qu- qcu /2) and
,. (qu- qcu 12)
A = M,II s ' (e-l)
str /
2A()( p,)
Y.,

- For rectangula r sections,

> (s.b)
.- .(2A s" + As, ) - 0.35- /
" J:.!..
Y.,

A
0.46fa A..
Yc
,, - ""min = f,
y

-&
 Calculation of Deflection . .~.I' ~\
~Y'.J .. I....ll.=..
.

.. E, = modulus of elasticity of concrete = 4400~.r."/I in N/mm 2 ~-,y.l' ~'-

According to the Egyptian Code;

r. . =(M.
At
u

<I
J3! I:
+[1_("MM J3]! cr

tI
cr

Where,

I, = effective moment of inertia at mid-span of simply supported and

continuous spans and at supports for cantilevers,

Ig = moment of inertia of gross uncracked section about centroidal aXIS,

neglecting reinforcement

L, = moment of inertia of transformed cracked section

. ~i!;/I .)c ~yZJl ~ ~\5....I1 t lbill J\,..iil c.Si'~1 J~I rJ&.

M, = maximum value of bending moment In member at the stage of

computing deflection (working moment)
~ jW -:'1 1...11.....=..

.lic.. tLbilI ~ lJ"'2
J""'W
.- _'I fo U:.,jl {'y:.
J:'""
.<:1 W~

Mer = minimum cracking moment of concrete u....p.11 ~ t~1 ~ rJ&. jit -,

Mer = ft:tr II:

""-- y,

fctr = tensile strength of concrete fo\hj':/I,jC ~lil' ~ ~yo-JI ~h..ftJl t~ ~ ,)~I

.~
f ctr = O.6~ f ."
Yt - distance between extreme fiber In tension to N.A. of gross section
. ..
ignoring the presence of reinforcement
yl....:.." tJ~1 .;!Jb Jlpcl r.)r.. ~ tU:dl\ ~ o,)~1 u~ ~"":ll u.):J\ ~ J~I ')J='oA .jA ljL.....J1

:oul..Li!\

~~
 Maximum permissible computed deflection ~jill ~ C~I J.".l=J1

The Egyptian Code states that:

1. The total computed .deflection, including the effects of creep and shrinkage,
should not exceed either the following limits;
L
250 for beams and slabs (One-way and Two-way)

- L / 450 for cantilevers

2. The immediate deflection due to Live Load for beams and slabs

should not exceed ~

360

3. The additional deflection occurring after the construction of the partitions

or the application of finishes, including the effects of creep and shrinkage
L
should not exceed
480

i _
 - _ .- -~

Hollow blocks
weight of hollow block slabs (kN/m2) ,

ts=50mm

~
ONE WAY , , TWO WAY
150 200 250 15,0 , 200 250
100 . ~ ... 3.2 3.5 4.5 3.5 4.1 5.1
120 3.2 3.6 4.6 3.6 4.2 5.2
150 3.3 3.8, 4~7 3.8' , 4.4 5.5 .
200 3.5 4.0 5.0 4.0 4.7 5.8

Hollow blocks
weight of hollow block slabs (kN/m2 )
ts=60mm

~
ONE WAY TWQ 'NAY
....,,0;_ .
150 200 250 150 r-200 250
100 3.4 3.8 4.7 3.8 4.3 5.3
120 3.5
,

3.9 4.8 , 3.9 4.5 5.5

150 3.6 4.0 5.0 4.0 4.7 5.7
200 3.7 4.2 5.2 4.2 5.0 6.1

Hollow blocks
weight of hollow block slabs (kN/m2)
ts=70mm

~~
ONE WAY TWO WAY
150 200 250 150 200 250
100 3.7 4.0 5.0 4.0 4.6 5.6
120 ,.... f : t' 3.7 4.1 "
6.1 4.1 4.7 5.7
150 3.8 4.3 ' 5.2 ,. , " ,, 4.3 4.9 6.0
200
. 4.0 4.5 5.5 ' "4.5 5.2 6.3

Hollow blocks
weight of hollow block slabs (kN/m2)
ts=80mm
.
~
, ONE WAY Two WAY
~1. b ' 150 200 250 150 200 250
100 3.9 ' 4.3 5.2 4.3 " 4.8 5.8
120 4.0 ,' 4.4 5.3 4.4 5.0 6.0
150 4.1 4.5 5.5 4.5 , 5.2 6.2
200 4.2 4.7 ", ,5.7 . ':4.7, 5.5 EtC)
 PANELLED BEAM ' OOEFFIC:u:HT
Based OIl deqection equation '

-~x
~.
0 : 16
---2
0

oS ' L' L
[X '(' LX)']
(' X)'3 +_
lIIllX

TABLE 4.6 PANf.ilE1) BFAM OJEFFICIENT.

" ': !.
=..
,
83
'0

, 8 1: 8
3
MAlt B1 , B, B, , B, B, . I I
OJEFFICIENT 1.00
~
~87 .713 .594 .952 8" 8 8
. S 8
L I ,5 4

it
EQUIVALENT LQAD FOR ~ESIGN OF BEAMS [Code Table No 6-6]

1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0

<1, 0.667 0.725 0.769 0.803 0.829 0.852 0.870 0.885 0.897 0.908 0.917

c. 0.500 0.545 0.583 0.615 0.643 0.667 0.688 0.706 0.722 0.737 0.750 I

1.= U2x

~---=-----6

't~l .;b! ()4 ~~Ld OJ.;ll.J\ t~ ~\ J.jb (C\~t) J..9~

(11= 1.0)
' ~\ t ~
eo t.....l.c t$.;h1\ yL:J1 tJA
..-. . .
t \.:ul ~J\iJ\~te. ykJl '0A t~l
.. :i.,jL....,yJl:i...ii
I

,'~ w1~Jwlj~ oJ

.,
"
f).=240,~/~
2
, Nzmrn'
f r-400 o' 2 '
'

lriU
or 280 N/nun or 360N/nun
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