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    Lecture #30: 3.11 Mechanics of Materials F03: - Plasticity of Polymers Ii

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    tayyaba
    This document summarizes a lecture on the mechanics of materials and plastics given by Professor Christine Ortiz. The lecture covers the plastic deformation of polymers, including the molecular origins of plasticity in metals, stress-strain curves for polymers under tension, and the stages and mechanisms of plastic deformation in semicrystalline polymers. It also discusses plastic deformation in amorphous polymers below their glass transition temperature, including crazing and shear deformation zones, and methods to toughen amorphous polymers including adding impact modifiers.

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    Lecture #30: 3.11 Mechanics of Materials F03: - Plasticity of Polymers Ii

    Uploaded by

    tayyaba
    36 views16 pages
    This document summarizes a lecture on the mechanics of materials and plastics given by Professor Christine Ortiz. The lecture covers the plastic deformation of polymers, including the molecular origins of plasticity in metals, stress-strain curves for polymers under tension, and the stages and mechanisms of plastic deformation in semicrystalline polymers. It also discusses plastic deformation in amorphous polymers below their glass transition temperature, including crazing and shear deformation zones, and methods to toughen amorphous polymers including adding impact modifiers.

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    This document summarizes a lecture on the mechanics of materials and plastics given by Professor Christine Ortiz. The lecture covers the plastic deformation of polymers, including the molecular origins of plasticity in metals, stress-strain curves for polymers under tension, and the stages and mechanisms of plastic deformation in semicrystalline polymers. It also discusses plastic deformation in amorphous polymers below their glass transition temperature, including crazing and shear deformation zones, and methods to toughen amorphous polymers including adding impact modifiers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    36 views16 pages

    Lecture #30: 3.11 Mechanics of Materials F03: - Plasticity of Polymers Ii

    Uploaded by

    tayyaba
    This document summarizes a lecture on the mechanics of materials and plastics given by Professor Christine Ortiz. The lecture covers the plastic deformation of polymers, including the molecular origins of plasticity in metals, stress-strain curves for polymers under tension, and the stages and mechanisms of plastic deformation in semicrystalline polymers. It also discusses plastic deformation in amorphous polymers below their glass transition temperature, including crazing and shear deformation zones, and methods to toughen amorphous polymers including adding impact modifiers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 16

    LECTURE #30 :

    3.11 MECHANICS OF
    MATERIALS F03
    INSTRUCTOR : Professor Christine Ortiz
    OFFICE : 13-4022 PHONE : 452-3084
    WWW : http://web.mit.edu/cortiz/www

    PLASTICITY OF POLYMERS II
    SUMMARY : LAST LECTURE
    I. Molecular Origins of Plasticity in Metals
    edge and screw dislocations, 2-D and 3-D movement of dislocations, slip systems,
    planes, directions, polycrystalline plastic deformation
    II. Stress versus Strain Curves for Polymers in Uniaxial Tension
    structure of semicrystalline polymers: amorphous+cystalline regions, chain folding,
    lamellar, spherulites (macroscopically isotropic)

    highly oriented
    VIII. polymer fiber

    max
    II.
    VII. amorphous,
    glassy polymer
    (T<Tg)
    Y
    III.
    semicrystalline

    IV. V.
    VI.
    polymer
    T>Tg

    elastomer (T>Tg)

    I.

    Lo
    f
    Semicrystalline polymers (T>Tg):
    . linear elastic deformation
    II. homogeneous plastic deformation,
    strain hardening
    III. NECK forms and grows unstably, i.e. Polyethylene :
    inhomogeneous plastic deformation used in milk jugs, toys, pens,
    IV. neck stabilizes ice trays
    V. COLD DRAWING, neck increases Nylon (polyamide)
    in length by extracting polymer from
    unnecked region of sample MACROSCOPIC
    VI. entire sample is drawn
    VII. begin stretching of completely drawn MECHANICAL
    sample, strain hardening BEHAVIOR
    VIII. fracture
    Plastic Deformation of Semicrystalline Polymers
    ,
    crystalline lamellae
    amorphous region

    Stages and Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation


    1) elongation of amorphous chains (uncoiling along stress axis)
    2) rotation/tilting of lamellae crystallites toward tensile axis
    3) separation of crystallites into block segments (partial melting)
    4) further stretching of crystallites and orientation of amorphous regions
    along tensile axis, void formation, stress whitening
    5)2nd strain hardening regim:
    recrystallization to a fiber like oriented structure, high stiffness
    Comparison of Amorphous and
    Semicrystalline Polymers
    Some Applications of Amorphous
    Polymers
    Plastic Deformation of Amorphous, Glassy
    Polymers or Networks (T < Tg)


    Crazing in Amorphous, Glassy Polymers (T<Tg)

    , ,
    Crazing in Amorphous, Glassy Polymers (T<Tg)
    polycarbonate craze

    bulk bulk

    , ,

    craze-bulk
    interface

    main fibril
    cross-tie fibril
    CRAZE
    NANO
    STRUCTURE
    fibril

    oriented polymer entanglement


    chains
    Crazing in Amorphous, Glassy Polymers (T<Tg)

    , ,
    Shear DZs in Amorphous, Glassy Polymers (T<Tg)

    Macroscopic sample

    ~ necking

    , ,

    Microscopic structure
    CRAZING OR SHEAR DZs?

    ,
    , , ,
    CONSEQUENCES FOR IMPACT RESISTANCE

    bisphenol-A
    polycarbonate
    (crazing)
    Plastic Deformation and Fracture of
    Amorphous Components
    Plastic Deformation and Fracture of
    Amorphous Components
    TOUGHENING OF AMORPHOUS POLYMERS
    TOUGHENING OF AMORPHOUS POLYMERS

    Typical uniaxial tensile stress-strain behavior of


    polystyrene (PS), medium-impact PS (MIPS), high-
    impact PS (HIPS), and poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene-
    graft-butadiene) ABS.

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