Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 42 views

    Fluid Power (CH 12 p254) : P Power (W) M Mass Flow Rate (KG/S) H Total Head Change (H H - H)

    Uploaded by

    rubiohot
    This document contains notes on fluid power concepts including: - Hydraulics examples calculating head, pressure, and power based on flow rate, density, and pressure changes - Pump and turbine examples finding shaft power required or produced based on fluid flow and pressure/head changes - A wind turbine example calculating mass flow rate through the turbine, head change, and electrical power produced - Two pumping system examples solving for required pump power given flow rates, pressures, elevations, and pipe diameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Fluid Power (CH 12 p254) : P Power (W) M Mass Flow Rate (KG/S) H Total Head Change (H H - H)

    Uploaded by

    rubiohot
    42 views13 pages
    This document contains notes on fluid power concepts including: - Hydraulics examples calculating head, pressure, and power based on flow rate, density, and pressure changes - Pump and turbine examples finding shaft power required or produced based on fluid flow and pressure/head changes - A wind turbine example calculating mass flow rate through the turbine, head change, and electrical power produced - Two pumping system examples solving for required pump power given flow rates, pressures, elevations, and pipe diameters.

    Original Description:

    Mecánica de Fluidos

    Original Title

    Fluidos

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document contains notes on fluid power concepts including: - Hydraulics examples calculating head, pressure, and power based on flow rate, density, and pressure changes - Pump and turbine examples finding shaft power required or produced based on fluid flow and pressure/head changes - A wind turbine example calculating mass flow rate through the turbine, head change, and electrical power produced - Two pumping system examples solving for required pump power given flow rates, pressures, elevations, and pipe diameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views13 pages

    Fluid Power (CH 12 p254) : P Power (W) M Mass Flow Rate (KG/S) H Total Head Change (H H - H)

    Uploaded by

    rubiohot
    This document contains notes on fluid power concepts including: - Hydraulics examples calculating head, pressure, and power based on flow rate, density, and pressure changes - Pump and turbine examples finding shaft power required or produced based on fluid flow and pressure/head changes - A wind turbine example calculating mass flow rate through the turbine, head change, and electrical power produced - Two pumping system examples solving for required pump power given flow rates, pressures, elevations, and pipe diameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Fluid Power (Ch 12 p254)

    Tuesday, 30 August 2011


    6:53 PM

    Continuity:

    Power:

    (Pressure dominant system. e.g. Hydraulics)

    Full Bernoulli:

    P = power (W)
    m = mass flow rate (kg/s)
    H = total Head change (H = H2-H1)

    Simplifications;
    Inlet diam = outlet diam
    (Velocity head unchanged)
    Inlet height = outlet height
    (Potential head unchanged)
    Pressure usually changes!

    Hydraulics. Pressure is very high, flowrates not very significant,


    potential heights negligible.
    Watch this...
    Hydraulics 20Mpa
    hp = p/g
    = 20e6/(820*9.81)
    Fluid-Power Page 1

    = 20e6/(820*9.81)
    = 2,486 m
    About 2.5 km high!!
    So, this equation
    becomes P = mghp = mgp/g = mp/ = pV

    So, to use POWER in Bernoulli equation, you need to convert to HEAD...

    Fluid-Power Page 2

    Efficiency
    Tuesday, 13 September 2011
    6:23 PM

    Fluid-Power Page 3

    Example Pump
    Example: Hydraulic Pump
    Hydraulics: (Pressure dominant)
    Convert from Absolute pressure...
    p = 6500 - 101.3 = 6398.7 kPa
    = 2.5 * Pi * 0.008^2/4
    = 0.00012566 m3/s
    = 6398.7*1000 * 0.00012566
    = 804.060642 W
    Watch this...
    Hydraulics 20Mpa
    hp = p/g
    = 20e6/(820*9.81)
    = 2,486 m
    About 2.5 km high!!

    Oil density = 820 kg/m3


    m = V = 0.00012566 * 820 =
    = 0.1030412 kg/s
    H = hp + hv + h
    = p / g
    = 6398700 / (820*9.81)
    = 795.4427 m
    = 0.1030412*9.81*795.4427
    = 804 W

    Fluid-Power Page 4

    Examples continued
    Tuesday, 13 September 2011
    7:10 PM

    H = P/mg = 9300/(46*9.81) = 20.609 m

    All in pressure head...


    H2 = H1+hp = -11000/(1000*9.81) + 20.609
    = -1.1213 + 20.609 = 19.4877 m
    Outlet pressure: hp = p/g so p = hp*g = 19.4877*1000*9.81 = 191174.337
    = 191.174 kPa

    = 9.3/17 = 0.5471
    Example of efficiency and power equations for conversion from
    electrical to shaft to fluid power.

    Fluid-Power Page 5

    Example 12.5 (p260)


    Tuesday, 13 September 2011
    6:39 PM

    Find the power of the turbine


    when head loss= 0.6m and exit
    velocity = 3.5m/s.

    (2*9.81*9.3)^0.5 = 13.508 m/s


    13.508 * 3.6 = 48.6288 m/s

    Find the Power produced for every 1m3 of water per second.
    h1= 8.4+0.9 = 9.3 m
    Ht = turbine head ?
    hv2 = 3.5^2 / (2*9.81) = 0.6244 m
    Ht = 0.6244 - 9.3 + 0.6 = -8.0756 m
    Find the power per m3 of water...
    Take 1 m3 per second...
    = 1000*9.81*-8.0756
    = -79221.636 W
    = -79.2216 kW (fluid power taken by the turbine)
    Output power (efficiency = 92%)

    Fluid-Power Page 6

    P out = 79.2216 * 0.92 = 72.8839 kW (shaft power)


    ... Keep going...
    This is shaft power, which is...
    P = T
    Generator at 95%,
    Electric power = 72.8839 *0.95 = 69.2397 kW (electrical power)
    P = VI

    Fluid-Power Page 7

    Examples continued
    Tuesday, 13 September 2011
    7:32 PM

    Continuity:

    Power:

    (Pressure dominant system. e.g. Hydraulics)

    Full Bernoulli:

    hv2 = 930^2/(2*9.81) = 44,083 m


    p1 = 44083*(1000*9.81) = 432454230 Pa = 432.454230 MPa

    V = 930* Pi*(0.4/1000)^2/4 = 0.0001168673 m3/s


    = 0.1168673 L/s

    P = 432454230*0.0001168673 = 50540 W

    Fluid-Power Page 8

    There is no pipe diameter given.


    This means we cannot calculate the velocity.
    So we must assume a large pipe diameter - hence a negligable
    velocity head.
    h2 = 132-120 = 12 m
    The pump is doing ALL the work, so the fluid must be starting from
    ZERO pressure...
    H = 12 + 2.3 = 14.3 m
    = 41*9.81* 14.3 = 5751.603 W (fluid power)
    Pump efficiency is 66%, so the shaft power required:
    5751.603 / 0.66 = 8714.55 W (shaft power)
    So total efficiency is: 0.66*0.66 = 0.4356 %

    Fluid-Power Page 9

    Wind Turbine
    Tuesday, 13 September 2011
    7:32 PM

    (a) Find the mass flow rate


    Find V (at propellor): V = vA
    Velocity at propellor = (21+7)/2 = 14 km/h
    v = 14/3.6 = 3.8889 m/s
    A = pi*5^2 = 78.5398 m2
    V = vA = 3.8889 * 78.5398 = 305.4334 m3/s
    Convert to kg/s: = 1/0.85 = 1.1765 kg/m3
    m = V = 305.4334*1.1765 = 359.34 kg/s
    (b) Find the change in head across the turbine
    `

    H = v22/2g - v12/2g = hv2 - hv1


    hv2 = (7/3.6)^2/(2*9.81) = 0.1927 m
    hv1 = (21/3.6)^2/(2*9.81) = 1.7343 m
    H = hv2 - hv1 = 0.1927 - 1.7343 = -1.5416 m
    (c) Find power
    = 359.34 * 9.81 * -1.5416 = -5434.33 W (5.43 kW)
    (c) Find electrical power
    5434.33*0.45 = 2445.4485 W (2.445 kW)
    Fluid-Power Page 10

    5434.33*0.45 = 2445.4485 W (2.445 kW)

    Fluid-Power Page 11

    Pumping System Oil


    Tuesday, 20 August 2013
    5:48 PM

    Q22: Fuel (RD=0.77) is pumped at 14 kg/s


    from an open tank at EL1=2.6m to closed
    tank at EL2=6.2m with vapour pressure 104
    kPa. Calculate power required (ignoring
    losses)

    hp2 = 104000/(0.77*1000*9.81) = 13.7681 m


    H = p2/g + h2 -h1
    = 13.7681 + 6.2 - 2.6 = 17.3681 m

    = 14 * 9.81 * 17.3681
    = 2385.335 W

    Fluid-Power Page 12

    Pumping System 2
    Tuesday, 20 August 2013
    6:14 PM

    Q26: Flowrate=34L/s, PG1=20kPa,


    PG2=81kPa, D1=100mm, D2=71mm,
    EL1=3.6m, EL2=10.4m. (a) Find
    pump power

    Use continuity to get velocities at 1 and 2...


    Then

    Then ...

    Fluid-Power Page 13

    You might also like