QAR:DETAILOFRELIEFINBOSTON,MFA27.

1134

Giza Mastabas
Edited by WILLIAM
KELLYSIMPSON

Volume

THE MASTABAS OF
QAR AND IDU
G 7101 and 7102

by
William Kelly Simpson
With contributions or drawings by Dows Dunham, Suzanne Chapman,
Hansmartin Handrick, Alexander Floroff, Timothy Kendall, Nicholas
Thayer, and Lynn Holden. Based upon the excavations and recording
of George Andrew Reisner, Alan Rowe, William Stevenson Smith, and
T. R. D.Greenlees. Museum of Fine Arts-Harvard University Expedition

In collaboration with the Pennsylvania-Yale Archaeological

Expedition to Egypt

DEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIAN A N D ANCIENT

NEAR EASTERN ART
MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON
Boston

1976

COPYRIGHT

c 1976 BY

MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 75-27075

ISBN NUMBER 0-87846-093-4

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY

EASTERN PRESS, INC.
NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

PlateIII
a. Qar, looking southeast
b. Qar, looking northwest

Plate IV
a. Qar, relief assigned to west wall of corridor, middle landing of
stairs. 25-5-44; MFA27.1134
b. Qar, relief in situ, east wall of corridor, lower landing of stairs
c. Qar, relief in situ, south wall of corridor above doorway to
Court C

Table of Contents
PREFACE
PART I : QAR G 7101

Vii

superstructure
Approach Stairways
Court C
South Face, Architrave
North Wall
West Wall
East Wall

4
4
6
7

Room D
North WaIl
East Wall
South Wall
West Wall

7
8
8
8

Room E
East Wall
North Wall
South Wall
West Wall
Room F
Associated Shafts and Burials
Register of Objects
Titles, Family, and Dependents of Qar

PART2 : IDU G 7102

Superstructure
Facade
Offering Chamber
Doorway
North Wall
East Wall
South Wall
West Wall, South of Niche
West Wall, Niche
West Wall, North of Niche
Associated Shafts and Burials
Register of Objects
Titles, Family, and Dependents of Idu

I
2

10

IO
IO
11

11

14
18

19
19
20
21
21

21

23
24
26
27
28
29
29
30

PLATES
Plate 1
Site of mastabas, looking southwest. Qar on right center, Idu to
left. Mastaba of Kawab
(G
7110-7120)
center rear. Subsidiary
pyramid Ib in right background
Plate II
a. Mastaba complex of Qar, looking south. Descending stairs,
serdab beneath measuring stake, shaft G 7101 M to rear of measuring stake
b. Qar, looking north. Court C in foreground, upper stairs top left

V
Qar, relief assigned to upper stairs. 25-5-47, 6; MFA27.1130
Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, north wall. 23-5-45; Boston
Qar, relief, stairs
(?),
25-5-57;
Boston
d. Qar, relief block, stairs(?); 25-5-59
e. Qar, relief of boatmen, stairs (?).25-5-5; MFA 27.1129
f. Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, south wall, right end. 25-5-46;
Boston
g. Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, south wall. 25-5-48; Boston

Plate
a.
b.
c.

Plate VI
a. Qar, Court C, looking south, statue niche on left
b. Qar, Court C, looking south; south wall with chamber D beyond
Plate VII
a. Qar, Court C, north wall with procession scene and doorway
from corridor
b. Detail of scene above doorway
Plate VIII
a, b, c. Qar, Court C, north wall with Qar seated before offerings
(above) and procession with sarcophagus (below)

IX
Qar, Court C, west wall, relief block in situ
Qar, Court C, east wall, statue in niche
Qar, Court C, architrave support, west jamb, west face
d. Qar, Court C, architrave support, east jamb, east face
e. Qar, Court C, central pillar, east face (on left)
f. Qar, Court C, central pillar, west face(on right)

Plate
a.
b.
c.

Plate X
a. Qar, Room D, central pillar, north face
b. Qar, Room D, north wall, east end
Plate XI
a. Qar, Room D, south wall with statues in niche and text above
b. Qar, Room D, east wall with doorway to Room F
c. Qar, Room D, west wall with doorway to Room E
Plate
a.
b.
c.
d.

XII
Qar, Room D, west wall, left (south) side
Qar, Room D, west wall, right (north) side
Qar, Room E, east wall, left (north) side
Qar, Room E, east wall, right (south) side

Plate
a.
b.
c.
d.

XIII
Qar,
Qar,
Qar,
Qar,

Room
Room
Room
Room

E, north wall, left (west) side

E, north wall, right (east) side
E, south wall, left (east) side
E, south wall, right (west) side

Plate XIV
a. Qar, Room E, west wall, stela
b. Qar, Room E, west wall, left of stela
c. Qar, Room E, west wall, right of stela
d. Fragment of head of alabaster statue of Cheops (?) with falcon at
rear
Plate XV
a. Idu, vestibule with architrave as found, looking south on street
7100

b. Idu, lower level court (vestibule), with architrave, looking south

c. Idu, lower level court (vestibule), architrave
Plate XVI
a. Idu, lower level court, east wall, steps, obelisk
b. Idu, lower level court, west wall, obelisk, serdab slot. Bricks on
right are modern
c. Idu, middle level court with western chamber on right
d. Idu, north jamb, entrance to offering chamber
e. Idu, south jamb, entrance to offering chamber
Plate XVII
a. Idu, architrave, left side
b. Idu, architrave, right side
Plate XVIII
a. Idu, north wall complete
b. Idu, north wall, top (tympanum)
Plate XIX
a. Idu,
b. Idu,
to right
Plate XX
a. Idu,
b. Idu,
c. Idu,
Plate
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

north wall, panels right of entrance, top

north wall, panels right of entrance, bottom, and east wall

north wall, panels left of entrance, top

north wall, panels left of entrance, center
north wall, panels left of entrance, bottom

XXI
Idu, east wall, north section
Idu, east wall, central and south section
Idu, east wall, north section, detail
Idu, east wall, statues north to south
Idu, east wall, statues north to south

Plate XXII
a. Idu, east wall, statue of Qar (No. I )
b. Idu, east wall, statue 2
c. Idu, east wall, statue 3
d. Idu, east wall, statue 4
Plate XXIII
a. Idu, east wall, statue 5
b. Idu, east wall, statue 6
c. Idu, east wall, south panel, top
d. Idu, east wall, south panel, bottom
Plate XXIV
a. Idu, south wall, left part, registers I and 2
b. Idu, south wall, left part, registers 2, 3, 4
Plate XXV
a. Idu, south wall, top right section
b. Idu, south wall, registers 5, 6, 7 (right)
Plate XXVI
a. Idu, south wall, left, registers 4, 5, 6, 7
b. Idu, south wall, center, detail, registers 4, 5, 6, 7
Plate XXVII
a. Idu, west wall, left of niche, top left
b. Idu, west wall, left of niche, top right
Plate
a.
b.
c.

XXVIII
Idu, west wall, left of niche, top right
Idu, west wall, left of niche, middle right
Idu, west wall, left of niche, bottom right

Plate XXIX
a. Idu, west wall, niche with statue
b. Idu, west wall, niche, looking southwest
c. Idu, west wall, offering slabs in front of niche and secondary
niche
d. Idu, west wall, niche, false door tablet, detail

Plate
a.
b.
c.
d.

XXX
Idu, west
Idu, west
Idu, west
Idu, west

wall,
wall,
wall,
wall,

south
south
north
north

side of niche, top

side of niche, center
side of niche, top
side of niche, bottom

Plate XXXI
a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, top left
b. Idu, west wall, right of niche, left section, lower part
Plate XXXII
a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, top left
b. Idu, west wall, offering list
Plate XXXIII
a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, right end with secondary niche
b. Idu, west wall, right of niche, right end with secondary niche,
bottom part
Plate XXXIV
a. Corner block, left side from pit of G 7 1 0 2 E, with representation
of Idus [son] Qar; small fragment with titles from same location
b. Corner block, right side, with titles
c. Block found north of pyramid 1a (24-12-135); Nakhti, perhaps
Qars brother
d. Block possibly from Qar and Idu complex

FIGURES
Plan of area north of G 7110-7120; Qar (G7101) and Idu (G 7102)
Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Section from A to B
3. Qar ( G 7101).
Section from west to east looking south
Section from south to north looking west
4. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Section from east to west looking south
5. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Sections of pits G 7101 A to L
6. Qar ( G 7101). Section and elevation of Qar burial (G 7101 M)
7. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Walls of burial chamber of Qar (G 7101 M)
8. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Sections of pits G 7101N to Z
9. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) .
a. Relief of Nakhti from north of pyramid I a
b. Burial chamber of Nakhti, walls and sarcophagus lid
( G 7101B )
I O . Idu ( G 7 1 0 1 ) .
Section from A to F
Section from south to north looking west
I I . Idu (G 7 1 0 2 ) .
Section from north to south looking east
Section from east to west looking south
12. Idu ( G 7 1 0 2 ) .
Idu false door of stela with statue
Text on inside of sarcophagus of Idu (G 7102 C)
13. Idu ( G 7102). Burial chamber of Idu. Section and plan
( G 7102 C)
1 4 . Idu ( G 7 1 0 2 ) . Sections and plans of G 7102 A, B, D, E, F, G
15.. Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) . Reconstruction of upper stairway, east wall
16. Qar ( G 7101). Reconstruction of lower stairway, north wall
17. Qar ( G 7101). Reconstruction of lower stairway, east and south
walls
1 8 . Qar ( G 7 1 0 1 ) .
a. Block assigned to middle landing. 25-5-47 MFA 27.1134
b. Block assigned to upper stairway, east wall. 25-5-47 MFA
27.1130
19. Qar ( G 7101).
a. Block assigned to lower stairway, south wall. 25-5-48 Boston
b. Block assigned to lower stairway, south wall. 25-5-46 Boston
c. Set of four blocks from boat scene, two unnumbered, 25-5-59,
and 25-5-5 (MFA 27.1129)
d. Block assigned to lower stairways, north wall. 25-5-45 Boston
e. Block with sunshades, unnumbered, Boston
I.

2.

20.
21.

22.

23.
24.
25.
26.

27.
28.
29.
30.

f. Block with sunshades, 25-5-32 Boston

g. Block with sunshade, unnumbered, Boston
Qar (G 7101). Court C, south wall, architrave
Qar (G 7 1 0 1 ) . Court C, south wall, pillar and jambs
Qar (G 7101).
a. Court C, north wall, lintel
b. Room D, south wall, text over statues
Qar (G 7101). Court C, north wall, upper half
Qar (G 7101). Court C, north wall, lower half
Qar (G 7 1 0 1 ) . Court C, west wall, block in situ
Qar (G 7101). Room D.
a. Left: south face of pillar between Court C and Room D
b. Right: north wall east of pillar
Qar (G 7101). Room D. East wall
Qar (G 7101). Room D. West wall
Qar (G 7101). Room E. East wall
Qar (G 7 1 0 1 ) . Room E. North wall

31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.

43.

Qar (G 7101). Room E. South wall

Qar (G 7101). Room E. West wall
Idu (G 7102). Architrave
Idu (G 7102). Left and right jambs
Idu (G 7102). North wall, above and at sides of entrance
Idu (G 7102). East wall with statue niches
Idu (G 7102). East wall, panel on south end
Idu (G 7102). South wall with games and music in honor of
Hathor
Idu (G 7102). West wall, south of stela niche
Idu (G 7102). Stela niche
Idu (G 7102). West wall, north of stela, with secondary false
door
Idu (G 7102 E). Corner block assigned to middle level
chamber
Idu (G 7102). Reconstruction by Suzanne Chapman of royal
statue head 25- I -587

Preface

THEtomb complexes of Qar (G 7101) and Idu (G 7102)

lie just north of the edge of the great Eastern Cemetery of
the Cheops pyramid near its western end, just south of
the top of the pyramid causeway, and north of the great
double mastaba of Kawab, the son of Cheops (G 7 1IO7120). The area was excavated by George Andrew
Reisner, as director of the Harvard University-Museum
of Fine Arts, Boston, Expedition, in December, I 924,
and January, 1925. He was assisted by Alan Rowe, who
completed the work after Reisners departure for
America on January 21, and T. R. D. Greenlees. This
volume consists of a publication of the two tombs and
the shafts with burials in the vicinity which were assigned
numbers in relation to the two tombs (G 7101 A-Z, and
G 7102 A-G), although many of the shafts have no real
relation to them. In February and March of 1925, tomb
shaft G 7000 X, the reburial of Hetepheres I, was uncovered, and the attention of the expedition was concentrated on the difficult task of conserving and recording
its contents.
The chapels of Qar and Idu lie below ground level,
although at least in the case of Qar the upper staircase
reliefs were above ground. As discussed briefly later, one
might question the application of the term mastaba to
their no longer extant superstructures. Reisner reconstructed both as mastabas with below-ground chapels,
to which the rock chapel beneath the mastaba of
Mersyankh III
serves as a partial analogy.
At the time of their discovery the chapels and site were
photographed by the expedition photographer,
Mohamadani, to whom we owe almost all of the photographs illustrated. The line drawings of the Qar reliefs
in situ were made by Hansmartin Handrick, as subsequently corrected by Wm. Stevenson Smith in 1951,
and the undersigned and Lynn Holden in 1973 and 1974,
and redrawn by Suzanne Chapman in 1974. The blocks
of Qar in Boston were drawn and inked by Suzanne
Chapman in 1973 and 1974. The line drawings for the
tomb of Idu were incomplete. In the summer of 1974
Messrs. Nicholas Thayer, Lynn Holden, and Charles
Ewell traced the entire tomb, and the final tracing and
inking was accomplished by Mr. Thayer during 1974
and 1975. Several blocks which can be assigned to the
area of Idu, and now in the Boston Museum, were

traced and inked by Dr. Timothy Kendall of the Museum

staff.
An initial descriptive text for this volume was prepared by Dows Dunham and substantially extended and
revised by the undersigned. Reisners own text was
subsequently located and various observations incorporated. Timothy Kendall prepared the list of objects
from the many shafts and burials, to which observations
in Reisners text have been added. Work on the layout of
the photographic plates was accomplished by my
student aide at Yale University, Robert Murowchick,
and various measurements in the chapels were checked
by Miguel de Braganca of the Museum staff.
The initial recording of the site in 1924 and 1925 lies
at the base of the present publication. Wm. Stevenson
Smith in 1951, as mentioned above, verified and corrected many of the drawings made at the time of the
discovery. Finally, in the summer of I 974, several weeks
were devoted to the tombs by the Pennsylvania-Yale
Archaeological Expedition to Egypt in cooperation with
the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. The members of
Reisners staff have been listed in his earlier publications.
The members of the 1974 staff consisted of Messrs.
Thayer, Ewell, Holden, de Bragana, and the undersigned. In connection with the 1974 project our thanks
are extended to Dr. Gamal Mukhtar, Director of
the Egyptian Antiquities Organization, Dr. Hamdy,
Director of the Antiquities Department, Dr. David B.
OConnor, Co-Director of the Pennsylvania-Yale Archaeological Expedition, Mr. Nasif Mohammed Hassan,
Chief Inspector for Giza, Mr. Zahi Hawwas, Inspector
for Giza, and Mr. Mohammed Hafiz, Inspector for Giza.
We also thank Mr. John Dorman of the American
Research Center in Egypt and Dr. Cecil Byrd, President
of the American University in Cairo, and his staff, for
their help in many ways.
The field work in 1974 was carried out through the
financial support of the Pennsylvania-Yale Expedition
by a grant from the Bureau of Cultural and Educational
Affairs of the United States Department of State (SCC
29368) prepared by Messrs. Carl Bartz, Norman Runkles
and Mrs. Henrietta Bachmann. Costs of the preparation
of the manuscript have been borne in part by grants to
Yale University from the Bollingen Foundation and the
A. W. Mellon Fund, but the major costs of printing the
volume have been borne by the Publication Fund of the
Department of Egyptian and Ancient Near Eastern Art
of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Miss Mary B.
Cairns of the Museum has typed the many drafts and
final version of this manuscript.
The chapels of Qar and Idu have been discussed and
illustrated in part by many scholars, particularly
Lddeckens and Wm. Stevenson Smith. This integral
publication attempts to provide as complete a coverage
as seems practical with as full a description as warranted
by the material. An exhaustive treatment of the scenes
vii

with parallels and a study of all lexical and grammatical

points have not been attempted. I am indebted to
Messrs. Henry G. Fischer and Edward Brovarski for
many suggestions incorporated in the text.
I note that I have rendered the pyramid name of Pepy I
as Meryre-mennefer, whereas the order MenneferMeryre is to be preferred.
I wish to thank Messrs. J. W. Arrowsmith Ltd. of
Bristol for the typesetting of the text, Mr. Edward
Higgins of Eastern Press of New Haven for his care in

...

viii

the printing of the volume, and Mr. James W. Boyden

of New Haven for overseeing its production.
WILLIAMKELLYSIMPSON
Curator, Department of Egyptian and
Ancient Near Eastern Art, Museum of
Fine Arts, Boston
Co-Director, Pennsylvania -Yale Archaeological Expedition to Egypt
April 6 , 1975

PART

QAR - G7101

Superstructure

THE limestone superstructure of the mastaba of Qar

has almost entirely disappeared, but may be traced in its
lowest course to a width of ca. 7.50 m. east-west along its
northern edge (fig. 1). Its north-south dimension can no
longer be traced. Except for the upper part of the
approach stairway, the complex is excavated in the
natural rock just north of the large mastaba tomb of
Kawab (G7110-7120), south of the sloping causeway
leading to the destroyed temple of the Cheops pyramid,
and just west of the related rock chapel of Idu (G7102).
Thus it lies high on the plateau not far from pyramid I a.
It consists of an approach stairway descending southward from the surface to a landing, and thence continuing
down eastward (figs. 1,2;pls.II,III). The decoration of
the side walls of the lower stairway was executed in
limestone blocks laid over the natural rock, many having
been anciently displaced or broken up so that reconstruction of the scenes cannot now be complete. At the base
of the lower stair a doorway gives access on the south to
a large square court open to the sky. South of this court
an east-west statue chamber is reached through two
openings in the south face divided by a central pillar.
Reached through a doorway in the west wall of the
statue chamber is a smaller inner room containing a
large stela above an offering slab. A room opening out
of the east wall of the statue chamber consists of a corridor running east with a chamber as its extension at
right angles to the south. This chamber appears never to
have been finished and is entirely undecorated except for
the rough form of a stela and an offering slab.
The north, west, and south walls of the court were
lined with fine white limestone blocks on which their
decoration was well cut. The east wall of the court and
all walls of the statue chamber and the chamber to its
west are of natural rock with any representations executed in a coating of plaster. Some of the latter has fallen
away and is lost.
Several comments should be made about the now
destroyed superstructure, as it was envisioned by
I . For the complex of Qar, see Porter and Moss, Top. Biblio. III,2nd
ed., Part I , 184-185; Reisner, Giza Necropolis I, 314, 368, 370; Smith,
Hist. of Sculpture and Painting, 93, 190, 206,
211,
319,
349,
fig. 84 a ;
Baer, Rank and Title, No. 495, pp. 136-137.

Reisner. Only one course of masonry was preserved,

which gave the line of the northern face of the mastaba
and the end of the east and west sides. The north wall was
7.50 m. east-west, the east wall 4.40m. extant toward the
south, and the west wall 3.90m. long toward the south.
If these east and west walls had continued south to the
north face of G7110-7120, the east wall would have
crossed over the mouth of the shaft G 7101A, which is
clearly associated with the secondary offering room (F)
of the mastaba of Qar, perhaps both shaft and chamber
belonging to Qars wife, and the west wall would have
crossed over the western side of shaft M, the shaft leading
to the burial of Qar himself. West of the southern end of
the west wall and southwards are stones in place which
appear to indicate that the mastaba was indeed wider
than the projection of the west wall to the south, and the
same may be true of the east wall. If the south wall of the
mastaba of Qar abutted on the mastaba of Kawab
(G711O-7120), the north-south dimension was 11.85m.
A mastaba11.85m. long (north-south) by 7.50 m. wide
(east-west) results in an area of 88.87 sq.m. and a proportion of 1/1.58. A slightly wider reconstruction would yield
an area of approximately 100
sq. m. In any case, as Reisner
notes in his text, the type of mastaba is anomalous
with its unroofed open court and its stairway probably
entered from a doorway in the north face above ground
level. Perhaps, as may be also the case with the adjacent
(G
7102),
the superstructure should not be
tomb of Idu
reconstructed as a traditional mastaba but regarded as a
walled area with a rock cut chapel and burial chambers
reached through traditional mastaba type shafts.
Reisners attempt to see both the tombs of Qar and Idu
as mastabas poses the problems he himself recognized.
In particular, it is difficult to envision how the open
courts were treated within the mass of the mastabas ;they
would have required substantial internal retaining walls
to prevent the mass of the mastaba from falling into the
courts.
The serdab of the tomb of Qar lies west of the west wall
of the open court (C) at its northern end, oriented eastwest, in the area between the upper landing at the turn
of the stairs and the main shaft (G7101M). It is cut in the
rock below, built of masonry above, with a pent roof
with irregular slabs, the cavity measuring .90 x 1.80m.;
1.62
sq. m. It is connected to the west wall of the court by
1;
pl.
III
b).
It was found open and
a window slot (fig.
empty and overbuilt with a crude brick bin of the
Ptolemaic period.
The chapel of Qar can be dated to the reign of Pepy I
or later on the basis of the officials titles in connection
with this ruler. It is generally assumed that Qar of
G 7101 is the father of Idu of the adjacent G 7102.
Reisner, M S on eastern cemetery mastabas (draft).
3. Xnty-S Mn-nfr-Mry-Ra, tenant farmer of the pyramid MenneferMeryre.
2.

However, reasons can be cited for regarding the opposite

to be the case, the Idu is the father of Q a r .
Approach Stairways
(pls. II-V; figs. 15-19)

The superstructure, to the extent that there may have

been one, has been destroyed. As noted above, the chapel
complex of Qar as it remains consists of a court in the
substructure (C) open to the sky, the walls capped by a
cornice, with an interior chamber to its south (D), off
which open the two chambers to the west (E) and the
east (F). The court is entered from the surface (ground
level) by a flight of steps descending from north to south
with ten steps (A I ) to a landing (A 2) and a second flight
of stairs (B1) with another nine steps at right angles to
this descending from the landing (A 2) to a lower landing
at its base (B2).See pls. II-III. The court is entered
through a doorway on the south side of this second
landing (pls. II b, IV c).
Upper stairway ( A I )

No relief remains in place on either wall of the upper

stairs, but it seems likely that one should assign an unplaced block (MFA 27.1130; 25-5-6, 47) to one of these
walls. Qar is represented holding aloft a throwstick with
his right hand and facing to the right. He wears a short
curled wig with a fillet with long streamers, a short beard,
and a broad collar (pl.Va; figs. 15, 18b). Of three horizontal lines of text, reading from right to left, only the
ends remain and the top line is cut so that only the
lower portion remains:(1)[Xry]tp[nswt]imAxw[x]rnTr,
( 2 ) ............ [n]fr, ( 3 ) ............ [QA]r. ( 1 )he
who is at the head of the king, well provided before the
[great] god, (2) . . . . . . . . . [Meryre-ne]fer, (3) . . . . . .
[Qa]r. Following the figure of Qar is one of Idu, also
facing right, with a throwstick held horizontally in his
right hand and three birds in his left. He wears a longer
wig, short beard, broad collar, bracelets, and a short
skirt. There are two horizontal lines of text above the
figure followed by the vertical name, Idu: (1)sS[a]nswt
[x]f[t] [Hr], (2) sAb imy-r sSwimAhw, (3)Idw, ( I ) kings
letter scribe in the presence, (2) the sAb-official, overseer
of the scribes, the well provided, (3) Idu. To this fowling
scene may be also added a second block (25-5-57),
4. In particular, the sister of Qar represented in his tomb named
Bendjet (pl. X b : fig. 26 b) may be the same individual as Idus daughter
Bendjet represented in Idus chapel (pl.XXIV;fig. 38) and the BnDyt
with the title Hkrt
watt
nswt
buried in G 7215 D, I , a location which may
indicate that she died much later than the completion of the Qar and
Idu complexes. Since Qars mother was apparently Khenut (pI. VIII;
fig. 24), he was not the son of Idu and his spouse Meretyotes. Idu is
attested with his earlier title sSmrt in the Abu Sir papyri (PosenerKrieger and Cenival, The Abu Sir Papyri, pl. 68). Baer, Rank and Title,
288, 294, dates Idu between Merenre and year 15 of Pepy IIand Qar
to years 15 to 35 of Pepy IIon the basis of the title sequences. An
obvious relationship exists between Qar and Idu, and perhaps the best
solution is to regard Qar as a son of Idu by a marriage earlier or later
than Idus marriage to Meretyotes.
2

present location unknown, with a vertical text [A]pd,

birds, on the left, and a horizontal text imy-r wHaw,
overseer of fowlers, on the right (pl. V c). In the reconstruction of fig. 15 the scene is placed on the east wall of
the upper stairs, so that the figures face downstairs
toward the chapel, although a placement on the opposite
west wall would have the figures facing the visitor as he
descended toward the chapel. Perhaps the latter is to be
preferred.
Landing ( A 2 )

At the first landing the stairs turn from the northsouth direction to a west-east direction. It may be
possible to assign an unplaced block (.82 x 1.20m.) to
the short west wall at the base of the first set and the top
of the second set of steps. This is the well preserved block
(MFA 27.1134; 25-5-44) showing Qar seated in a
high back chair facing left toward a table of offerings
(pl. IV a ; fig. 18 a). Above the scene are two horizontal
lines of text reading from left to right : (1) Xnty-SMry-Ramn-nfr [Q]Ar, (2) imy-r Hnw Hry tp nswt Mry-Ra-nfr; (I)
tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer, [Q]ar, (2) overseer of
the Residence, he who is at the head of the king, Meryrenefer. Qar sits facing left in a chair with high back, his
left hand resting on the high arm of the chair and his
right hand touching the offeringsheaped upon the table
before him. He wears a tight fitting cap wig, broad collar,
and bracelets with alternate bands of beads. The workmanship ofthe face is of the highest quality. The red of
the body is well preserved, and elements of color also
remain in the hieroglyphs and the objects on the offering
table. The rough surface on the left of the relief suggests
that it belongs to a corner, as in the proposed placement
of the block.
Lower stairs (B), north wall

On the north wall of the lower stairs, the left hand side
as one descends, parts of two scenes are still in place. In
the right corner at the foot of the steps is the lower part
of the seated figure of the tomb owner on a high backed
chair facing left toward the visitor (fig. 16). In front of
him is a series of low blocks with fish, a hippopotamus,
and a crocodile, indicating an aquatic scene above. To
this scene can be assigned the block (pl. V b ; fig. 19 d)
with a man carrying a large fish, facing right, and the
traces of the left hand of the tomb owner holding the
end of a long harpoon (25-5-45, Boston);
30
x
80
cm.
The harpooning scene can be reconstructed on the basis
of parallels, of which a good example is that from the
tomb of Nekhebu (G2381),Boston MFA
13-3432.
The
5. W. S. Smith, The Judge goes Fishing, BMFA 56 (1958) 59;
Junker, Giza IV, fig. 8. A fragment which can be assigned to the scene
(25-5-18) was noted by Timothy Kendall; it shows the chest, broad
collar, and nipple of the same figure, with the harpoon passing diagonally just above and touching the nipple. Hence the reconstructed
drawing in fig. 16 should be revised in this respect and restored on a
larger scale.

fish bearer is described as sn(?).fNxti, his brother(?),

Nakhti. Two or three other blocks may be assigned to
the scene. Although they were sketched in the object
register, their present location is unknown and there are
no photographs or tracings. In the first (25-5-16) a cat
approaches from the right to rob a birds nest; in the
second (25-5-8) a larger cat climbs from the left on a
papyrus stalk. The third fragment represents papyrus
stalks and leaves (25-5-15). See fig. 16.
Lower stairs (B), south wall
On the south wall of the lower stairs, the right side as
one descends, only a single block is in place. This consists of the representation of the seated owner before an
offering table, facing right toward the descending visitor,
and is placed at the lower end of the wall above the doorway with its drum to the court (C).Only the lower part
of the scene is preserved (pl. IV c;fig. 17). The owner is
seated on a chair with a low cushion and lions feet legs.
Below the offerings on the table are, on the right of the
stand, a ewer in a basin on a stand, and to the left, a sealed
jar on its own stand. Three unplaced blocks have been
assigned to this wall (pls. V f, g ; figs. 17, 19 a, b). The first
of these is the block (25-5-46, Boston) with the feet of a
large standing figure facing left resting on a staff. He
wears sandals, and the right foot rests on the left. To the
rear the column of text ends in Idw, Idu. Two adjoining blocks of the lower register (25-5-48, Boston) are provisionally assigned to the same scene and may represent
the offerings which the leaning figure is viewing. The
blocks consist of a file of cattle facing right (pl. V g ; figs.
17, 19 a). The first bearer holds a fowl and leads a
blanketed calf by a rope. There follows a large cow feeding from a bowl on a stand. Behind the cow another
bearer leads three bulls. If these blocks are, properly
placed, the scene can be reconstructed as a scene with
the owner leaning on his staff viewing the produce of his

estates.
Stairway, lower landing ( B 2)

The north and south walls of the lower stair have been
described above. There remains the fragmentary block in
place on the short east wall, opposite the descending
visitor (pl. IV b ; fig. 17), which consists of the lower part
of a standing figure of Qar wearing sandals and carrying
two staves in his right hand. He faces to the right toward
6. This Nakhti may well be the individual buried in G 7101 B, a
burial arrangement similar to that of Qar himself in G 7101M, as well
as the individual designated as overseer of ka-priests on the west wall
of Court C (pl. IX a;fig. 25), as well as the owner of the block found
near subsidiary pyramid I a (pl. XXXIV c;fig. 9 a).
7. Chairs in Dyn. 6 representations frequently have lions feet for the
earlier bulls feet.
8. If the figure is that of Qar, presumably the Idu mentioned was
represented behind him in a section now missing.
9. For a good example of a traditional viewing scene of this type, see
Wild, Le tombeau de Ti, Fasc. 3, La chapelle, pls. 164-169.

the doorway to the court. In front of him are two vessels

on a stand; he touches the nearer one with his outstretched left hand; the second vessel has a handle from
the rim to the side and a second handle on the side.
Above the vessels is the text, imAxw[Q]Ar, the well provided one, Qar.
Miscellaneous blocks, stairway area(?)
Four fitting blocks from Qar form a scene with boats
(pls. V d, e ; fig. 1 9 c). The first three are long horizontal
blocks with a total length of 1.70m. From right to left
theyare:(1)blockmarked7101,Boston,18 x 53 x 29cm.;
(2) block marked 7101, Boston, 17 x 54 x 23.5 cm.;
(3) block 25-5-59, not in Boston, 17 x 61 cm. The fourth
block, in five fragments, represents rowers in a boat and
measures 38 x 52 cm. (25-5-5; MFA27.1129). It is joined
to the scene in the drawing, as this seems a likely fit. As
reconstructed the top right shows part of the upper yard
of a boat and diagonal ropes of the boat rigging. To the
left is the text:iwHstrQAr;di.t(i)n[f]twab..., Praises
are to(?) Qar ; one gives to him the pure bread ....To
the left are a pair of forked stanchions bearing the upper
yard with the loop attachment for the halyard, the lower
yard, and the mast. To the left of this is the phrase:
sqdwt, sailing. The fourth fragment shows the base of
the aft stanchion, part of five oarsmen and their oars, and
part of the body of the boat.
Another set of blocks appears to represent a curious
massing of sunshades, presumably with the missing
bearers below, but possibly stacked, and it is difficult to
determine their context and assignment to the other
existing scenes (figs. 1 9 e-g). The blocks include 25-5-32
(17 x 17 x 1 2 cm.); a second marked 7125 (25 x 22 x
14cm.); and the large third block, marked 7101 (26 x
80 x 21 cm.). The poles extend into the center of the rectangular cloth to join the cross-pieces, and the flap is
regularly shown as if pleated or with a long fringe. In
two of the blocks the sunshades are placed above one
another, the largest block showing portions of three
shades and the fringe of a fourth. The two smaller blocks
illustrated apparently have a border on the left.
Stairway, summary
As tentatively reconstructed, the upper stairway had
on one of its walls a representation of Qar with a throwstick in a fowling scene attended by [his son] Idu bearing
three birds and holding a throwstick also. The opposite
wall may have had the boat scene. The north wall of the
IO. The pair of forked stanchions bearing the mast and the upper and
lower yards of the sail with the loop attachment for fastening the halyard
are illustrated in Bjorn Landstrom, Ships of the Pharaohs, p. 60, fig. 180;
pp. 49-51, figs. 137,139,143,144; Boreux, Etudes de nautique egyptienne
p. 363, fig. I 39 b, p. 367, fig. 143;and Prentice Duell (ed.), The Mastaba
of Mereruka, Vol. 2, pl. 145.
I I . The types of sunshades and their construction are discussed by
Fischer, Sunshades of the Marketplace, Metropolitan Museum
Journal 6 (I972), 151-156.

lower stairway had a scene of Qar in a harpooning scene

with a border of fish and attended by a brother(?) named
Nakhti holding a large fish. In the scenes Qar would have
been standing in a light skiff. On the south wall of the
lower stairway Qar, followed by Idu as suggested by the
text, leans on a staff and views the procession of cattle.
At the lower end of both walls Qar is shown at a table
facing west. The surface corresponding to the width of
the steps on the middle landing shows Qar seated before
offerings (A 2 ) and on the lower landing standing with
staves before a stand with two jars (B 2).
The blocks not in situ can only tentatively be assigned
to the positions suggested. Alternatively they may belong
to the now destroyed superstructure.
Court C , South Face, Architrave

Two fine limestone blocks span the south face and are
neatly joined at the center over the central rock-cut
supporting pillar, total length ca. 6.27 m., inscribed in
three lines in sunk relief as follows : Left half (A I to A 3),
reading right to left with a seated figure of Qar with full
wig, broad collar, and bracelets, facing right with a staff
at left end. Right half (B I to B 3), reading left to right
with a similar seated figure of Qar facing left at right end.
See pl. VI; fig. 20.
A I Xnty-S Mry-Ra-mn-nfr ir Htpt sb i m A x M r y - R a nfr rn.f nfr, tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer, one who
acquired offerings, one who passed on to a well provided
state, Meryre-nefer, his good n a m e .
A2
Imy-rniwtNTry-Mn-kAw-RasSanswtxftHrsAb
imy-r sswimAxwQAr, overseer of the pyramid city
Netjery-Menkaure, kings letter-scribe in the presence,
sAb-official, overseer of scribes, the well provided Qar.
A 3 SHDwabwWr-Xa.f-RasSanswtxftHrsAbimy-rsSw
Hm-nTrMAatQAr, inspector of the weeb priests of WerKhafre, kings letter scribe in the presence, sAb-official,
overseer of scribes, priest of Maat, Qar.
B I Xnty-SMry-Ra-mn-nfrimAxwxrnTr-aAMry-Ranfr, tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer, well provided
before the great god, Meryre-nefer.
B 2 Imy-rniwtAxt-XwfwsSanswtxftHrimAx(w)QAr,
overseer of the pyramid city Akhet-Khufu, kings letter
scribe in the presence, the well provided Qar.
B 3 SSanswtxftHrsAbimy-rsSwHrysStAnkAtnbtQAr,
kings letter scribe in the presence, sAb-official, overseer
of scribes, privy-counsellor of all works, Qar.
Court C : South Wall, below Architrave
(pls. VI b, IX c-f: fig. 2 1 )

Two jambs and one pillar, cut in the natural rock,

support the architrave (see above). Each north face bears
a vertical inscription.
Evidently the name Qar in the next line is considered to follow
the expression his good name; the names Meryre-nefer and Qar
alternate.
12.

East jamb, north face beneath left end of architrave

(D I ) . Pl. VI b. Vertical inscription, signs facing right.
Imy-r kAtnb(t) QAr; determinative : seated man facing
right holding sxm-wand and staff, overseer of all works
Qar.
Central pillar, north face, beneath center of architrave
(E I ) . Pl. VI b. Vertical inscription facing left. sSanswt
xftHrQAr, determinative : seated man facing left holding
sxm-wand and staff, kings letter-scribe in the presence
Qar.
East jamb, east face (D 2). Pl. IX d. Three column
below, a standing figure
vertical inscription, left to right;
facing left (north) with pointed skirt, holding staff in right
hand and a folded cloth, perhaps part of skirt, in left.
(1) Hrytp nswtmdw rxyt,(2)iwnknmwtmAa, (3)QAr, (I) he
who is at the head of the king, staff of the people, ( 2 )true
pillar of Kenmet, (3) Qar.
Central pillar, east side (E 2). Pl. IX e. Three line
horizontal inscription, right to left. Below, a standing
figure facing right (north) with pointed skirt, staff in left
hand and folded cloth, perhaps part of skirt, in right.
( I ) . . . , (2) QAr rn.f nfr, (3) Mry-Ra-nfr, (1)[illegible], ( 2 )
Qar, his good name, (3) Meryre-nefer.
Pillar, west side (E 3). Pl. IX f. Four column vertical
inscription with fifth horizontal line below, left to right.
Below : standing figure facing left (north) with shoulderlength wig and short beard, wearing band across chest
and leopard-skin. In right hand he holds a staff diagonally
in front. (1)SSanswtxfthr,(2)sAbimy-rsSw,(3)HrysStA,
(4) n kAt nbt, (5) Mry-Ranfr, (1)kings letter-scribe in the
presence, (2) sAb-official, overseer of scribes, (3) privy
counsellor, (4) of all works, (5) Meryre-nefer.
West jamb, north face, under right end of architrave
(F I). Pl. VI b. Vertical inscription, signs facing left.
Seated man determinative facing left holding sxm-wand
and staff:sAb imy-rsSw QAr,sAb-official,overseer of
scribes
West jamb, west face (F 2). Pl. IX c. Three column vertical inscription, right to left. Below, standing man facing
right (north) in pointed skirt, left arm holding staff, right
hand open at side. (1)SSanswtxftHr,(2)sAbimy-rsSw,
(3)
Mry-Ra-nfr,
(1)
kings letter-scribe in the presence,
( 2 ) sAb-official, overseer of scribes, (3) Meryre-nefer.
Qar.

Court C : North Wall over Entrance Doorway (doorway

from steps)

White limestone block: length ca. 1.74m. Seven

figures facing left, left to right, with inscribed captions:
pl. VII a, b ; fig. 22 a.
(a) Kneeling figure with both hands resting on a small
table facing left. w A H ixtinwt, placing offerings by the
embalmer.

(b) Standing figure facing left, with short beard, sash,

and pointed skirt; right arm extended in front, in gesture
of address, left hand holding document. Above and under

arm: wdn ixtin Hry-HAbt, dedicating offerings by the

lector priest.
(c) Standing man facing left, with short beard, sash,
and pointed skirt, reading a papyrus roll. Above and
under arm: sAxt in Hry-HAbt, making glorifications by the
lector priest.
(d) and (e) Kneeling figure facing left with arms to
ground in front, and standing man facing left pouring
water from a jar over the hands of preceding figure:
[rdit] mw, [dispensing] water.
(f) Standing man facing left, holding out a bowl in his
right hand and an incense implement in his left. Above
and under the bowl: rdi[t]snTr, dispensing incense.
(g) Man walking to the right but with head turned left.
He drags an aromatic broom along the ground behind
him with his right hand and holds a papyrus roll in his
left. Left and right: int rd and Hry-HAbt, bringing the
broom, and lector priest.
Court C : North Wall, West of Entrance Doorway

White limestone blocks with scenes in relief and

incised offering-list. Length ca. 4.69 m. : pls. VII a, VIII;
figs. 23, 24.
Upper part : Table of bread and cupboard list. Left to
right. Seated man facing right. He wears a wig of shoulder
length with curls and a short beard. He wears a broad
bead collar of eight strands and has a bead bracelet with
spacers on each wrist. His short skirt is half pleated. His
left fist is on his breast holding a folded cloth, and his
right hand is extended toward the table of bread before
him. He sits on a chair with lion legs and a low back, over
which hangs the end of a cushion. Twenty-six loaves are
shown on the table, and under it, on the right, a ewer with
cover in a basin on a low stand. Under the table, on the
left, is the vertical caption:dbHt-Htp, food offerings. To
the right is a large pile of offerings on various stands.
Inscription, right to left, over this whole scene:
...xA...xA...xA...xA...xAgHs(?)xASsxAmnxtxAnimy-r
Hnw Hry tp nswt imAxwQar, a thousand.. . , a thousand
. . . , a thousand ... , a thousand . . . , a thousand . . . ,
a thousand gazelles, a thousand clothes, a thousand linen
for the overseer of the residence, he who is at the head of
the king, the well provided Qar.
Cupboard list : The remainder of this upper part, as far
as the entrance doorway, is occupied by an incised cupboard-list comprising 99 compartments in three rows of
33 e a c h .
13. For this interpretation of int rd and the ritual involved, see
H. Altenmuller, JEA 57 (1971), 146-153, with reference to earlier
literature and explanations. For another example, see Simpson, in
North Carolina Museum of Art Bulletin I I , No. 3 (December, 1972),
2-1 3.
14. Hassan, Excavations at Giza VI, Part II, 137-138, No. 87, pls.
81-88; W. Barta, Die altagyptische Opferliste, MAS 3, 1963. The items
are also discussed with commentary in James, Khentika, passim.

Lower part, divided into two registers. The funeral

procession. The action proceeds from left to right in the
upper register, and continues from right to left below,
representing the procession from the house to the purification tent, and thence, by boat to the place of embalming. s
Upper register, procession with coffin, figures facing
right: ( I ) Man walking facing right, with shoulderlength curled wig and short beard, pointed skirt and
diagonal sash across chest. With both hands he holds out
a scroll. Hry-HAbt, lector-priest, and below: sAxt,
making glorification. ( 2 ) Man advancing facing right,
wearing short wig and short skirt, holding two crossed
sticks with both h a n d s . W t , embalmer. (3) Woman
facing right, with short wig, fillet and streamer, broad
collar and dress with one shoulder-strap. Her right hand
grasps her left wrist. Drt, kite. (4) Seven pairs of men
advancing facing right carrying a coffin on long poles.
They have short wigs and short skirts; two pairs in front,
three pairs beside the coffin, and two pairs behind. The
coffin has projecting feet and a lid with cavetto cornice
(note the difference from a coffin depicted in the lower
register which lacks feet). S D A t m Htpri b w r wabm Sms
imAxw, transporting in peace to the purification tent for
purification in the following of the well provided one.
(5) Man advancing facing right like the first. Hry-HAbt
sAxt, lector-priest, making glorification. (6) Man
advancing facing right like the second above. Wt,
embalmer. (7) Standing woman facing right with short
wig, fillet and streamer, broad collar, long dress with one
shoulder strap, arms as in the third above. Drt, kite.
This procession moves toward (8), a representation of the
purification tent. On its roof are shown eight piles,
including three tables, two bowls, two jars, a bag, sandals,
and a hand. Two compartments are shown in the structure. At either side is the designation wAt, road. At
right: dbHw n ibw DAt-rA, requirements of the purificationhut, a m e a l , with four food offerings below. At left :
dbHwnHmtHry-HAbt, requirements of the craft of the
lector priests, with two chests. T o the right of the
purification tent is (9) a man advancing facing right
like the first and fifth above, labeled sAxt and Hry-HAbt,
making glorification, and lector-priest. (IO) Group

I 5. The scene and parallels for it have been frequently discussed and
illustrated, many of the references being collected in Porter and Moss,
Top. Biblio. III, 2nd ed., Part I , 184. For additional references, consult
the notes to the parallel scene in Idu in Part 2 of the present monograph.
16. Men clapping two sticks together are represented in other
contexts : Prentice Duell (ed.),The Mastaba of Mereruka, Vol. 2, pl. 116;
Vandier, Manuel darcheologie egyptienne, Part 4, p. 415, fig. 219
(= Lepsius, Denkmiiler II, pl. 56); Fischer, Dendera, p. 24, n. 98.
17. A study of the Dryt-mourner in the Old Kingdom is being prepared by Henry G. Fischer. The two kites are the chief female
participants in the funeral ceremonies. In later times they impersonated
the goddesses Isis and Nephthys. See Wilson, in JNES 3 (1944)204.
18. OnDAt-r, see Grdseloff, in ASAE 39 (1939)397-400.

of two figures facing each other and leaning forward with

on left ( I O a) man carrying a
one hand raised to
Dd-mdw
in
wt,
recitation by the embalmer.
long stick:
On right ( I O b) woman with short wig, fillet, and streamer,
in long dress; right hand supporting left elbow: Dd-mdw
inDrt, recitation by the kite. Below, between the two
figures a table containing food and drink, the same four
elements shown in the right section of the tent:DAt-rA, a
meal. ( I I ) Two calves with bound legs:qAs, fettered.
Lower part: lower register. Continuation of the action
depicted in the upper register: reading right to left with
figures facing left : ( I 2) Seven pairs of men advancing
facing left, carry a coffin on a long pole: two pairs in
front, three pairs beside the coffin, two pairs behind:
Sms m Htp SAbt imAxw smr waty QAr, conducting in peace
to the shabet-boat the well-provided sole companion
Qar. (13) The shabet-boat, bearing the coffin under a
canopy, is being towed over water to the left.
On the boat, bow to stern, are eight figures as follows :
(13a) The pilot standing in the bow carries a long
no caption. (13b)
sounding-pole trailing in the water;
Man seated facing left, with one knee raised: wt, embalmer. (13c) Man seated facing left, with one knee raised,
wearing curled wig and sash across chest: xry-HAbt,
lector-priest. (13d) Woman seated facing left;curled
wig, fillet and streamer; dress with one shoulder-strap:
Drt, kite. (13e) Man seated facing left, with one knee
raised, in an extension of the canopy. His right hand on
his chest, his left grasping the coffin behind him: imy-r
wtw, overseer of the embalmers. (13f) Behind the coffin
in its canopy : seated woman like 13d):Drt, kite. (13g,h)
Two steersmen facing left, the first standing, the second
seated, both holding long oars. aInbSpsiAmnmrwt, Oh
my noble lord, pleasant of love. (14) Two superimposed
rows of ten men each facing left, hauling on two ropes
and looking back at the boat. Above the upper row :
t wabpw n Pr-PtHiwnsmr waty QAr imAxw ir nXnwt, this
pure bread of the temple of P t a h , it is for(?) Qar, a well
provided one whom Khenut has b o r n e . Above the
lower row : ir n Inpw smA-tA m Htp n imy-r xnwMry-Ran f r irn Xnwt, it is. a landing in peace which Anubis has
made for the overseer of the residence, Meryre-nefer,
whom Khenut has borne. (15) Above. Four women
facing left, in long dresses. The first three have their right
arms extended forward, their left arms hanging, and
wear a pair of sash terminals(?) from the waist. The
fourth has both hands held up in front. Over this group

19. Illustrated by Grdseloff, in ASAE 39 (1939) 398, fig. 18.

For a discussion of this boat, see Junker, Giza V, 68-71;
for the
funeral boats, see Wilson, in JNES 3 (1944) 206.
21. O n
twab
of
a god or a temple, see James, Khentika, pls. 31-32;
Borchardt, Denkmiiler des alten Reiches I, pl. 52;
Naville, XIth Dynasty
Temple 111, pl. 2;Capart, Rue des tombeaux, 47.
22. This manner of citing the name of the mother seems unusual, but
it is doubtful that any other interpretationis possible. For irnInpwsmA
tA, see the north wall of Idu (pl. XVIII b;f i g .3 9 , and Macramulla, Le
mastaba dldout, pl. 8.
20.

a caption: HAt in SnDty, mourning by the two acacias.

In front of the first three: ibA, dancing, in front of the
fourth: mAH, clapping. Below. Woman facing left,
advancing in long dress, both arms held out in front;
leader.
Two men facing left, in pointed skirts,
bbit,
leaning forward and trailing whips in front of them:
xnmsw(y) SnDt, friends of the acacia-house. (16)
Representation of the wabet, the place of embalming. A
schematic plan of the building shows a pile of objects
at the top, and below, an angled entry (right), a long
corridor, an outer L-shaped room, a vestibule, and an
inner room. In the outer room stands a man holding out
a jar. Above him is the caption: iw Xry-HAbt Hrpr, the
lector-priest attends to the house. In the vestibule a
similar, smaller figure also holds out a jar. In the inner
room is a caption: Hrt-ib ntwabt aHaw, inner room o f the
wabet of attending.
Court C : West Wall

Fine limestone block with relief scene, set into rock-cut

wall (pl. IX a;fig. 25). Length ca. 4.23 m., its base 61.5 cm.
above floor. At left : (I) Wife facing right, standing behind
Qar facing right, who is seated at a table of bread (2).
To right, in two registers facing left, seven men performing various actions (3) to (9) above: below, facing left,
seven men (IO)to (13).
(I) Standing woman facing right. Short curled wig with
fillet and long streamer: broad collar, bracelets and
anklets; close fitting white dress to ankles with decorated
shoulder-straps. Left hand on breast, right arm hanging
open. Inscription : above facing right and below in front
vertically: [rx]t nswt Hmt-nTr [Hwt-Hr], andHmt.f mrt.f
imAxwtGfi, kings [acquaintance],priestess [ofHathor]
and his beloved wife, the well provided, Gefi. (2) Man
seated facing right before a table of bread. Curled wig to
broad collar and bracelets;
shoulder and short beard;
half-pleated skirt. Left hand on breast holding a folded
cloth with both ends curved, right hand extended toward
table of bread. Seated on a chair with lion legs and a low
back, over which hangs a cushion. Inscriptions : above
the table of bread facing right:sSanswtxft-HrQAr, kings
letter scribe in the presence, Qar. Beneath the table,
left : a thousand bread, a thousand beer, a thousand
fowl. Beneath the table, right, facing left:dbHt Htp, food
offerings, above a low stand bearing two ewers in basins
and a jar.
Upper sub-register

(3) Man advancing facing left. Curled wig and short

skirt. Both hands held out in front with thumbs and little
23. Edel, Das Akazienhaus, 16.
24. Not otherwise known (?). See Grdseloff, in ASAE 42 (1943)115;
25. Edel, Das Akazienhaus, 16.
Sethe, in ZS 63 (1928)63, as diminutive of nbt, mistress.
26. Edel, in ZS 96 (1969) 5.

fingers extended and other fingers closed, in the characteristic gesture of anointing. In front of his face : sSmDAt
nTrmAapr-aAIdw, true scribe of the gods scroll, Idu.
Below his arms: wrH, anointing. (4) Man advancing
facing left. Curled wig and short skirt. He carries before
him a table on which are three vessels captioned mrHt,
oils. Below his arms, iwn ft.f, [it] is for salving him.
(5) Man advancing facing left. Curled wig and short
skirt. He holds out before him a vessel in which he places
a pellet: rdit snTr, dispensing incense. (6) Kneeling man
facing left. Curled wig, short beard and short skirt. He
holds a basin with a pellet into which (7) is pouring, and
places a second pellet in it. Before his face is his name,
Wsri, Wosre, perhaps to be read asWsi (Edel, Grammatik I,
128). (7) Standing man facing left. Curled
wig and short skirt. He holds out in front with both hands
a jar from which he pours water into the vessel held by
(6) below. Over (6) and (7):qbHTAwy, libation with 2
pellets. Below the arms of (7):sSIdw, the scribe Idu.
(8) Standing man facing left. Curled wig and short skirt.
He clasps in both arms before him two vertically held
bolts of cloth:wnxw(y), two bolts of cloth. (9) Kneeling
man facing left. Curled wig and band across chest. He
holds with both hands a haunch of beef, above:Xry-HAbt,
lector-priest;
below : Idw, Idu. Behind him is a table
on which stand a loaf, a jar, and an unidentified object.
Lower sub-register
( I O ) Kneeling man facing left. Curled wig and short
beard. His left arm is extended forward with hand resting
on top of an inverted jar from which he pours liquid onto
a slab. His right hand rests on the slab. Above and in
front: sATimy-rHmw-qANxti, pouring, the overseer of
funerary priests, Nakhti. ( I I) Kneeling man facing left.
Curled wig but no beard. He holds out a basin and below
it is a small table with loaves and a jar: pr(t)-xrw m
dbHt-HtpsSIdw, invocation offering consisting of food
requirements, the scribe Idu. (12) Three kneeling men
facing left. All with curled wigs, the second and third
with short beards. All have their right fist on their chests
and left fists raised behind: sAxtra-nb inwt(w)ra-nb,
daily glorification by the embalmers every day. (13)
Two standing men advancing facing left. Both have
curled wigs, short beards, bands across chest and short
skirts. Each holds out a scroll with both hands. Both are
captioned Xry-HAbt, lector. Additional caption below
the first:sA mDAt nTrpr-aAsS.. ., scribe of the gods
scroll of the palace, the scribe.. . . Name missing. The
stone is broken away below knee level of the second
figure, eliminating any additional titles and his name.
Court C: East Wall
This wall of Court C is rock-cut and bears no inscriptions or reliefs. In a niche is a rock-cut seated statue,
presumably of Qar, once plastered and painted, with a

long wig, both hands on knees, the right hand open,

palm down, the left with closed fist (pl. IX b;fig. 2). There
are traces of a white gesso coating, but no note of any
preserved color, and no trace of any inscription. The
niche measures approximately 1.18 m. in height and
0.85 m. wide. Its floor is ca. 65 cm. above the floor of
Court C, and its south edge is ca. 60 cm. north of the
south-east corner of the court.
Room D
This inner room is wholly rock-cut. Its inscriptions
and reliefs are in part badly preserved and in places not
fully legible.
North Wall, South Face of Pillar
(pl. X a ; fig. 26 a)
Vertical inscription in two columns, with signs facing
inward. (1)sSanswtxftHrsAbimy-rsSwnkAtnb(t)QAr,
kings letter scribe in the presence, sAb-official, overseer
of the scribes of all works Qar. (2)Xnty-SMry-Ra-mnnfr, tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer, Meryre-nefer.
Under both columns, facing each other, are small seated
male determinatives, on chairs with lion legs, each holding a sekhem-scepter in one hand and a long staff diagonally in the other.
North Wall, East of Pillar
(pl. X b ; fig. 26 b)
Seated figure of Qar facing left. Shoulder-length wig,
and beard, broad collar and bracelets, pointed skirt,
seated on a chair with lion legs and high arm rest. His
left arm is draped over the arm of the chair and his right
hand grasps a long staff. Under the chair are two dogs
facing left, one lying down, the other seated on his
haunches. Above this scene are four columns of inscription and a horizontal line facing left. (1)sSanswtxftHr,

(2)sAbimy-rsSwnkAtnb(t),(3)imAxwxrInpw,(4)xrWsir
miswt.fnb(t),(5)QArrn.fnfrMry-Ra-nfr, (I) kings letter
scribe in the presence, (2)sAb-official, overseer of the
scribes of all the works, (3) well-provided before Anubis,
(4) and before Osiris in all his places, ( 5 ) Qar, his good
name Meryre-nefer. Beneath the seated figure of Qar
are two women seated on the ground facing left. Each has
a short wig, a broad collar (colored blue?), and bracelets;
the first has an anklet. Each has her right hand on her
breast and the left over her lap. Over and in front of each
is an inscription. On the left: snt.f mrt.f Ttwt, his
beloved sister Tjetwet. On the right: snt.f mrt.f BnDyt,
his beloved sister Bendjet. The latter is possibly Idus
daughter and was buried in a nearby pit with identifying
text.
27. G 7215, D,

I.

See list of Idus family for details.

East Wall, South End between Entrance to ( F ) and

Corner
(pl. XI b: fig. 27)
Preservation very imperfect : scene and inscriptions
only in part legible owing to bad condition of the rock
and summary carving. Width from doorway to corner
ca. 1.14m. Height floor to ceiling ca. 2.02 m. Floor to
base of decoration 0.57 m. At the top (ca. 21 cm. wide) a
badly damaged band of inscription extending from over
the doorway to Room F to the corner. Only legible is
Mry-Ra-mn-nfr pr(?)n(?)AxtXwfw. Below : three registers
of superimposed scenes, totalling 1.24m. in height.
Register1: left to right: (a) to (d). (a) Man facing right
leaning forward with arms crossed, hand on wrist; (b)
man leaning forward facing right presenting a scroll to (c).
Captions (badly
preserved)
over (a) and (b) facing right:
...sSXti...QAr, the scribe Khety, . . . Qar. (c) Larger
figure of a man facing left seated in a palanquin. His left
knee is raised and his left arm rests on the left arm of
the seat, while his right is extended forward to receive the
scroll or tablet presented by (b). In his left hand he grasps
a stick which rests on his left shoulder. Caption in two
lines over (c):Xnty-S Mry-Ra-mn-nfr Mry-Ra-nfr, tenant
farmer of Meryre-men-nefer, Meryre-nefer. (d) Man
the seat, while his left is extended forward to receive the
amulet around his neck, a side-lock, and a knee length
garment. His right arm hangs at his side and his left
grasps that of (e). Only legible the sign w in front of his
right shoulder, perhaps the name [Id]w. (e) Badly preserved man facing left. Apparently unclothed, head
missing, right hand grasped by (d), left arm raised to
rest on right shoulder. No caption preserved.
Register 2 :Ten men facing left carrying the palanquin
in register (I)on their shoulders; four men in front, six
behind. No trace of caption.
Register 3: six men advancing facing left (a) to (f):
(a) Man with pointed skirt, arms folded over breast.
Caption (above and in front): imy-r prnrwt Nsw-Hr,
overseer of the portal, Nesu-Hor. (b) Man advancing
facing left. He holds in his right hand a stick, and in his
left, tucked under his arm, a long box. (c) Man advancing
facing left, balancing a square box with covered lid on
his left shoulder and holding an unidentified object in
his right hand. (d)
Man advancing facing left, with a stick
carried over the shoulder in his left hand, and a fan or
mirror in his right. (e) Man advancing facing left. His
arms apparently crossed on his chest and carrying a baglike object in front. Captions over (b), (c), (d), and (e):
incomplete. Bearers (b) and (e) have captions beginning
with Xry, bearing, evidently followed by the designation of the object carried, or its contents, and the bearers
name. If the traces on the badly deteriorated wall surface
in the caption to (b) have been correctly rendered as
28.

8-11.

For examples of a similar scene, see Wreszinski, Atlas 111, pls.

Xry xA[.] ntb(w) Hr nst(?) Ny-Xty, the sense may be something like, bearing the xA[.] of the place upon the seat,
Ny-khety;
cf. Mereruka, pl. I I 2. Perhaps the object is a
or
a
cushion.
(f)
Man
advanfootstool, known as xAt,
cing facing left, with a large box on his shoulder and a
bag in his hanging left hand. In front of him a caption :
Nkr(?)-m-HAt. The reading of the name is very doubtful;
the first element is hardly Ny-kA-Ra.
Room D: South Wall
(pl. XI a : fig. 22 b)
Row of six standing statues, rock-cut in a niche (length
3.13 m.). Left to right: four identical figures with flaring
wigs to shoulders, short skirts, half pleated on right, arms
hanging with fists closed. The fifth figure is that of a small
boy, unclothed and without a wig, armS at side. The sixth
figure, again full size, has a close-shaven head or tight
wig, and a large flaring skirt to mid-calf with cross
ribbing. His right hand is open against the skirt, and his
left hangs at his side with closed fist. Above the statues is
an inscription, badly preserved but legible : reading
right to left:Xnty-S[Mry-Ra-mn-nfr]sS nswtxft HrsAb
imy-rsSwnkAtnbtQAr, tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer, kings letter scribe in the presence, sAb-official,
overseer of the scribes of all the works, Qar.
Room D: West Wall
(pls. XI c ; XII a, b ; fig. 28)
Length of wall ca. 2. I 7 m., height ca. 2.09 m. Doorway
in center of wall leading to Room E, of which both north
and south jambs are decorated. All inscriptions and
figures are in sunk relief cut in the natural rock.
Architrave, reading right to left:Htp di nswtInpwtpy
Dw.f m iswt.f nb(t) pr(t)-xrw (t Hnqt) m HAbnbnfrmXryt
hrwranbimAxwxrnTraA sS answt xft Hr QAr, anoffering
which the king gives (to) Anubis upon his hill and in all
his places, an invocation-offering (of bread and beer) on
every good festival daily every day, one well provided
before the great god, the kings letter-scribe in the
presence, Qar.
West wall: south of doorway to E (pl. XII a : fig. 28).
Qar facing right, seated on a chair with lion legs. He
wears a shoulder-length flaring wig, a short beard, broad
collar, bracelets, and a pointed skirt. In his right hand he
holds a sekhem-wand, and in his left a staff diagonally.
Inscription above: four columns and one line facing
right. (1)sSanswtxftHrmAa,(2)sAbimy-rsSw,(3)nkAt
nb(t), (4) Hm-nTr MAat, (5) Mry-Ra-nfr, (1) true kings
letter-scribe in the presence, (2)sAb-official,overseer of
scribes, (3) of all works, (4)priest of Maat, (5) Meryrenefer.
West wall: north of doorway to E (pl. XII b: fig. 28).
Qar seated facing left on a chair with lion legs.He wears
a shoulder-length wig and a short beard, a broad collar,

bracelets, sash, and a pointed skirt. He gestures forward

with his right hand, and his left grasps a papyrus roll.
Above : an inscription in six columns facing left. (1) Xnty-S
Mry-Ra-mn-nfr Mry-Ra-nfr, (2) imy-rniwtAxt XwfwQAr,
(3)sHDwabwWr-Xa.f-RasSanswtxftHrQAr,(4)imy-r
niwtNTry-Mn-kAw-RaMry-Ra-nfr,(5)sSanswtxftHr
sAb imy-r sSwQAr, (6)Dd.f Htp di nswt Inpw m iswt.f nb(t)
pr(t)-xrw (t Hnqt) n, (1)tenant farmer of Meryre-mennefer Meryre-nefer, (2) overseer of the pyramid city
Akhet-Khufu, Qar, (3) inspector of weeb priests of
Wer-Khafre, kings letter-scribe in the presence Qar,
(4) overseer of the pyramid city Netjery-Menkaure
Meryre-nefer, (5) kings letter-scribe in the presence,
sAb-official, overseer of scribes, Qar, (6) he says: an
offering which the king gives (to) Anubis in his every
place, invocation-offerings of bread and beer for [ m e ? ] .
South jamb of doorway to Room E. Figure of standing
man facing right toward Room E. He wears a shoulderlength flaring wig, a short beard, a broad collar, a
diagonal sash, and a pointed skirt. He gestures forward
with his right arm and his left hangs at his side holding a
small object (scroll?) in his fist. Above the figure and
below the drum is a three column inscription facing
right: (1)wdnixt in,(2) Xry-HAb(t) smsw, (3) QAr, (1)presenting offerings by (2) the elder lector-priest, (3) Qar.
North jamb of doorway to E : Figure of standing man
facing left toward Room E. He wears a shoulder-length
flaring wig, a short beard, a broad collar and pointed
skirt, and has a diagonal sash across his chest. He holds
out a long scroll or tablet with both hands. Above the
figure and below the drum is a three column inscription
facing left: (1)Sdt sAxw aSAw,(2)in Xry-HAb(t)smsw, (3)
imAHw xrnTr aA QAr, (1)reading numerous glorifications,
(2) by the eldest lector-priest, (3) the well provided before
the great god, Qar.
Room E. Offering Room; East Wall
(pls. XII c, d ; fig. 29)

The entire east wall is in poor condition. The reliefs

and inscriptions are partly cut in the natural rock and
were originally completed in plaster which has now, in
part, fallen off. The decoration extends over the entrance
doorway (from D).
East wall, north of doorway from D, pl.XII c ; fig. 29;
three registers: width ca. 88 cm.
Register I :(a) Cupboard list of offerings in two rows of
nine compartments each. (b) Kneeling man facing left
with both hands laid on top of a small table. Over his
hands an inscription: Idw(?). (c) Standing man facing
left with right arm extended forward and left arm at side
grasping a staff or roll. Beneath his right hand is the sign
29. This seems a curious usage, if thus interpreted; perhaps the
seated figure of Qar is thought to serve as the object of the datival
preposition n, either as the suffix pronoun or as the name Qar.

Xr,evidentlyinXry-[HAbt]. (d) Man advancing left, right

arm extended forward, left arm held across body at
waist. In front the sign kA.
Register 2, left to right: (a) Kneeling man facing left
with both arms held forward on the ground. (b) Standing
man facing left holding out with both hands a jar from
which liquid pours over the hands of the preceding
figure. (c) Standing man facing left with his left hand he
holds out a conical vessel grasped by its base and with
his right he places a pellet(?) on top of the vessel. Above
perhaps restore snTr, incense.(d) Man advancing right
but with head turned left. He wears a pointed skirt and
a sash across his chest. In his left hand he holds a scroll
and with his right he drags the aromatic broom along
the ground behind him. Inscription: Xry-HAb(t) int rd,
lector-priest, bringing the
Register 3, butchering scene : (a) Man advancing left.
In his right hand he holds a small object (jar?) and on his
left arm he balances a large pot. (b), (c) Two men facing
each other are butchering an ox (traces only). (d) Man
facing left carrying a leg of beef across his shoulder. Over
Register 3 are two inscriptions: one facing right: iw.(i)
Hr.s, I am upon it, the other facing left: iT.(i) im.f, Ia m
taking from it.
broom.

East wall, south of doorway from D (pl.XIId; fig. 29).

Decoration in three registers, in order vertically top to
bottom.
Register I :(a) A figure to the right is entirely lost. (b)
Kneeling man facing right, with one arm extended forward (incomplete). (c) Standing man facing right, head
and right arm lost; left arm at side holding a scroll.
(d) Standing man facing right, head and shoulders
obscure. In front of figure, Xry-HAb(t), lector-priest.
Register 2, butchering scene, reading left to right :(a) A
small man with head turned right climbs on the carcass
of a bound ox and holds a knife in his left hand. The
severed leg of the ox lies on top of its carcass. Above is
nwab,
for
purification
(?).
(b)
A larger
the inscription:
man facing right squats on the ground cutting the foreleg from another carcass. (c) Traces of a third man, standing facing left, holding out a large basin on the crook of
his left arm.
Register 3, reading left to right: (a) A standing man
facing right carries a calf across his shoulder, its legs
grasped in his right hand while his left supports its head.
From each elbow a jar is suspended by a cord. (b) A man
facing right leans forward with something like a coil or
rope on his back, perhaps held by both hands crossed
over his shoulders. He wears a skirt with vertical stripe
markings or pleats. (c) A fat ox facing right. (d) A standing
man facing left leans forward and grasps with his left
hand the head of the ox while his right rests under its
mouth.
Above door to (D);(pls.XII c, d;fig. 29). Two scenes.
On left a man seated on the ground facing right fans a

duck above a bowl shaped brazier with legs. Before him

is the text:nkAnxrpsHRnsi, for the ka of the director of
the dining pavilion Rensi. Next to the brazier on the
right is a stand with two ducks lying on it. To the right is
a scene with a cooking pot or brazier in the middle, in
which seem to be vessels or the elements of a stew. On the
left a man seated on a low stool appears to be fanning a
duck(?),while on the other side a man bends down to fan
the flames or embers beneath the pot.
Room E , North Wall: Length ca. 2.05 m.
(pls.
XIII
a, b ; fig. 30)

Qar seated at table of offerings with cupboard list. At

left : man and woman facing right seated together on a
chair with lion legs and low back, over which a cushion is
draped. The man has a curled shoulder-length wig and
a short beard, a broad collar, bracelets on each arm, and
a half-pleated skirt. With his left hand he holds a cylindrical ointment jar to his nose, and his right hand reaches
forward toward the table of bread before him. His mother
facing right sits close behind him and rests her left hand
on his left shoulder while her right rests on the mans
body just above his waist. She has a short curled wig, a
broad collar, and a bracelet on the right wrist. She wears
a dress with one(?) shoulder strap, the hem at the legs
not indicated. Above the man is an inscription in two
Imy-r
kAt
nbt,
(2)
QAr,
(1)
overseer
lines right to left. (1)
of all works, (2) Qar. Over the woman is her name,
Xnwt, Khenut, identifiable as his mother from
another text (pl.
VIII;
fig. 24). Above, right : long cupboard list in two lines of 42 compartments each, extending full length of wall. Below, right : table of bread with
eighteen loaves, to the right of which is a pile of food
offerings and vessels filling the remainder of the wall.
Under the table of bread ; left : figure of an unclothed
boy facing left, his right hand touching the leg of the
seated man. In his left hand he holds a bird. Text: sA.(f)
mry.fIdw, his beloved son Idu. To the right: small
table on which stand two basins with ewers in them and
a small vase. Above these objects, dbHtHtp nt, food requirements of and traces of further signs (illegible) and
thousand.
xA,
Perhaps
read
pxA.
Htp
dbHt
To the
right is the large heap of offerings.
Room E, South Wall. Length ca. 2.20 m.
(pls.XIII c, d ; fig. 31)

A scene similar to that on the north wall, but in a

poorer state of preservation. Decoration executed
largely in plaster with only partial scoring of the stone.
Much of the plaster coating has fallen away and much
detail is lost.
Upper part : portions of a cupboard list on the left in
two rows of over 30 compartments each, its right end
lost, originally extending over the table of bread as on the
IO

north wall. Near the right end of the wall are a few signs
of an inscription reading left to right, similar to the
corresponding inscription on the north wall. Xnty-S
[Mry-Ra-mn-nfr], tenant farmer of Meryre-men-nefer.
Below this a few signs of a smaller inscription, imAxw
[QAr], the well provided [Qar].
Lower part, left to right : remains of a pile of offerings,
as on the north wall ; a table of bread with 18 loaves. At
the right is a figure of Qar facing left, seated on a chair
with lion legs and low back over which a cushion is
draped. He wears a shoulder-length wig and a short
beard. His right arm is extended forward toward the
table of bread and his left fist is clenched over his lap
grasping a cloth or small object. In front of him are
traces of a son touching his leg.
Room E , West Wall. Length of Wall ca. 2.87 m.
(pls. XIV, fig. 32)

Cut entirely in the natural rock, and decoration not

completely legible. Slightly north of the center is the
stela with cavetto cornice above, and in front of it, somewhat raised from general floor level, is a roughly cut
offering slab of hetep-form. The stela is inscribed as
follows : ( I ) Horizontal text across top. (2) Vertical text
at outer right. (3) Vertical text at inner right. (4) Tablet
at top center. (5) Horizontal band of text under tablet.
(6) Vertical text at right under (5). (7) Vertical text at left
under (5). (8) Vertical text at inner left under ( I ) . (9) Vertical text at outer left.
( 1 ) Htpd i nswtInpw t p y Dw.fxntys H - n T r pr(t)-xrw
(t Hnqt)n sSanswtQAr, an offering which the king gives
and Anubis upon his hill, foremost of the divine booth, an
invocation offering (of bread and beer) for the kings
letter-scribe Qar.
(2) Pr(t)-xrw (t Hnqt) nt sS a nswt xft Hrs A b imy-r s S w n
kAtnb(t)QAr, an invocation offering (bread and beer)
of the kings letter-scribe in the presence, the sAb-official,
overseer of the scribes of all the works Qar.
(3)ImAxwxrWsirsSanswtxftHrsAbimy-rsSwQAr,
well provided before Osiris, the kings letter scribe in
the presence, sAb-official, overseer of the scribes Qar.
(4) Tablet. Qar seated on left facing right on chair with
lion legs before a table of bread. At top over table:
ImAxw QAr, the well provided Qar. At right four items
below,
marked thousand bread, beer, linen, cattle;
dbHt-Htp, food requirements. Under the table of bread,
right : a ewer and basin. At left traces.
(5)ImAxw
xrnTr-aA
Mry-Ra-nfr,
well
provided before
the great god, Meryre-nefer.
(6) Xnty-SMry-Ra-mn-nfr Mry-Ra-nfr, tenant farmer
of Meryre-mennefer, Meryre-nefer.
(7) Xnty-SMry-Ra-mn-nfr Q A r , tenant farmer of
Meryre-mennefer, Qar.
(8)ImAxwxrnTr-aAsSanswtxftHrir(?)HtptsbimAxQAr,
well provided before the great god, kings letter scribe

in the presence, who acquired offerings, and who attained

a well provided state, Qar.
(9)ImAxwxrWsirsAbimy-rsSwHry-sStAnmdwt(?)nb
QAr, well provided before Osiris, sAb-official, overseer
of scribes, privy-counsellor,
Qar.

Room E , west wall: south of stela

Two registers, only in part preserved. Traces doubtful.
Register (1).mrHt, oil, with a small table on which
stand a small vase and (perhaps) a cake; a large cylinder
vase; a large jug with single handle; another cylinder
vase; a sealed jar with two loop handles. Register (2).
Man advancing right, shoulder length wig and short
skirt, his right arm raised in front holding a bird, left
arm (unclear) hanging. Above him the caption: Hwt-aAt
Xry tpnswt, first under the king of the great estate(?).
Perhaps read HqA in front. Remains of a second man
advancing right, carrying in front of him a large bird (by
legs of a third man advancing right, whatever
the neck?);
he is carrying is unclear and possibly incorrectly drawn.
Room E , west wall: north of stela
Four registers. Register ( I ) : A cylinder vase, a jug with
single handle ; another cylinder vase. Miscellaneous
traces of signs, possibly including [m]rH[t]. Register (2).
Jug with single handle; cylindrical vase; basin with
cover. Register (3) facing left. Inscription:HAtt nTHnw,
first quality Lybian oil; sealed cylinder jar of veined
alabaster(?); a bag on a stand, above which are miscellaneous signs; a bag on a stand, above which are traces
of signs.Register(4).Text:HtpdinswtimAxwxrWsir
QAr, an offering which the king gives (for) the well provided before Osiris, Qar. Standing man facing left with
shoulder-length wig and pointed skirt;he gestures forward with right arm and his left arm hangs behind him
holding a scroll(?). Text:insA.(f)...Idw, it is (his) son
...Idu.
Room F

This chamber is cut in the rock and was never decorated or inscribed. An Arabic graffito was noted at the
time of discovery on the west wall. Running east and
slightly north from the east side of Room D, its length
(includingjambs) is 3.60 m. by about 1.10 m. wide. At its
east end is an extension to the south 1.90 m. in length and
1.35 m. wide. On the west side of the extension, cut in the
rock, is an offering slab of Htp form and the framework
of a false-door. Nothing has been finished.

Associated Shafts and Burial Chambers

There are four shafts with burial chambers within the
area of the reconstructed mastaba. The chief shaft with
the burial of Qar (G 7101 M) descends just south of the
serdab and north of the western interior chapel chamber

(E). The second shaft (G 7101 A) lies just west of the

offering slab in the alcove of the eastern interior subterranean chapel chamber (F), and would seem to be
associated with this chapel, perhaps as the burial of
Qars wife. The two other closely associated shafts are
G 7101 W, just east of the upper stairs and north of the
lower stairs, and G 7101 X, immediately east of
G 7101 W. On the west are about twenty additional
shafts, most of them presumably later than the tomb of
Qar and unrelated to it. The four associated shafts will
be described herewith.
Main burial (G 7101 M). The shaft measures 1.48m.
square and descends - 7.26 m. in the rock (fig. 6).The rock
surface descends from south to north and is repaired on
the north with masonry and rubble to a maximum height
of 1.64m. Above the rock and rubble is a crude brick
well preserved to a height of 8.32m. This crude brick
lining evidently continued to the top (roof) of the
original mastaba. The chamber is on the south, of
type 5 b(2), 3.08 x 2.56 x 2.04 m. high, area 7.88 sq. m.,
capacity 15.07cu. m., with a short passage .90 m. northsouth, 1.36m. wide, and 2.04 m. high. It was blocked with
bonded masonry, vertically, partly in and partly outside
the passage, torn away on west side to lowest course, and
plastered with gypsum (type IV b( I)) ; see figs. 4,6. There
is a stone coffin cut from the rock with a stone bench,
2.64 x 1.6m., and .34 m. high;
cavity 2.22 x .68 m., .70 m.
deep, covered by a single massive slab, 2.70 x 1.20m.,
.44 m. thick, with rounded upper edges. The shaft had
been cleared and refilled, and only a few fragments of
human bones remained;
the lid of the coffin had been
shifted and the cavity cleared out. For objects, see list at
end. On the east wall is a single band of text reading left
to right (fig. 7): prt-xrw[...]HtpdinswtInpwtpyDw.fpr
xrw (tHnqt pAt) n imy-r XnwXrytp nswtQAr, invocation
offering [...] a boon which the king gives and Anubis
upon his hill, that an invocation offering (bread, beer,
cakes) come forth for the overseer of the residence, he
who is at the head of the king, Qar. Beneath this band
are lines of water and various offerings too faint to be
copied. On the opposite west wall near the ceiling is
another horizontal band of text, from right to left:
HtpdinswtWs-irInpwtpyDw.fimywtnbtADsrprxrw
(tHnqt
pAt)
nimAxw
xrnTr
aA
imy-r
Xnw
QAr,
a n
offering
which the king gives and Osiris and Anubis upon his hill,
who is in the place of bandaging, lord of the necropolis,
that an invocation offering (bread, beer, cakes) come
forth for the overseer of the residence, Qar. Below this
band on the right are the seven traditional oils in two
rows with labels and faint traces of other offerings,
including two necklaces, and three long bundles designated in black paint as 500(?) units of royal linen, the
linen painted white with red cords and black ties and set
on a rectangle of yellow (a chest?) with black outlines. On
the south wall, near the ceiling, is a horizontal band of text
from left to right: H t p di n s w t Ws-irn b D d w n imy-rx n w
11

XrytpnswtimAxwxrnTraAnbptQAr, a boon which the

king gives and Osiris, lord of Busiris, to the overseer of
the residence, he who is at the head of the king, the one
well-provided with the great god, lord of the heavens,
Qar. Below are very faint traces of offerings, including
ducks, cakes, etc. with indications of green paint. The
north wall of the burial chamber has the door on the
right (east) and a panel on the left with nine vessels in two
rows, four on the top and five below. The jars with
handles in the upper row are painted white (left) and
black (right), with the cylindrical jars painted white
below and red at the top. In the lower row the cylindrical
jars are all painted red above and below, from left to
right, white, black, white, white, black. The bands in
color beneath the jars are painted from top to bottom :
black, red, black, white, black.
Wifes burial (G 7101 A). This shaft lies behind the
stela in room F. It measures 1.05 x 1.16 m., and is
-7.10 m. deep in the rock and not lined above. At the
bottom a chamber opens to the east with a second shaft
in its floor, .93 x .96 m., - 2.65 m. in the rock below the
floor of the upper chamber; the total depth of the lower
chamber from ground surface is - 10.15m. The upper
chamber, on the east, is of type 6 a(3), 2.90 x 2.00 m.,
1.60 m. high, area : 5.80 sq. m., capacity : 9.28 cu. m., with
a step down from bottom of upper shaft of .40 m. There
is a small canopic (receptacle) in the floor. No remains of
blocking. In the floor along the east side a coffin pit had
been begun but abandoned when the lower shaft was
opened in the southeast corner of the floor. The chamber
at the bottom of the lower shaft opened to the west:
area :
type 6 a(2). It measured 2.62 x 2. I 6 m., I.I 5 m. high;
5.65 sq. m.;capacity : 6.49 cu. m. There were no remains
the chamber was plundered and refilled with
of blocking;
thieves debris. For objects, see list. See fig 5 for section.
Shaft in mastaba (G 7101 X). In northeast corner of
mastaba. It measured 1.21 x .91m., - 3.40 m. in rock,
lined above with small masonry and crude brick at top :
2.45 m. (about 8 courses), reaching to about the ground
level of the mastaba. The chamber (of type 6 a(2)) opened
area: 2.33 sq. m.;
to the east : 2.20 x 1.06 m., 1.00 m. high;
capacity 2.33 cu. m. No remains of blocking. The coffin
pit was oriented north-south in the middle of the chamber: 1.87 x .80 m., .60 m. deep, roofed with two slabs, of
which one in place, and found plundered. For objects in
filling of shaft, see list. See fig 8 for section.
Shaft in mastaba (G 7101 W), west of former. It
measured 1.16 x .97 m., -3.35 m. in rock lined above
with small masonry and crude brick on top: 2.70 m.,
eight courses reaching to ground level of mastaba. The
chamber of type 6 a(3) opened to the west : 2.18 x 1.07 m.,
1.00 m. high;
area : 2.33 sq. m.;capacity 2.33 cu. m. (same
30. For similarly decorated burial chambers, see Jequier, L e monument funeraire de Pepi II, vol. III, pls. 52, 55;Drioton and Lauer,
ASAE 55 (1958) pls. 17-19, following p. 251; James, Khentika, pl. 40;
Jequier, Chambrefun. de la sixieme
pls.
dyn.,
I-V.
I2

as chamber of G 7101 X). No remains of blocking; completely plundered. For relief fragments in debris of shaft,
see list. See fig 8 for section.
Shafts to West of Mastaba Area
(figs. 5 , 8, 9)

The first group of shafts is directly west of shaft M and

consists of a square block of four shafts (B, C, D, E), with
two others to the south (F, G). West of F is a group of
three (H, I, K). Five other shafts seem to be clearly intrusive. They are recorded below in order of the alphabetical
letters.
G 7101 B (figs. 5,9). In northeast corner of four shafts
with crude brickwork linings bonded together. Measurements: .80 x .78 m., -4.80 m. deep in rock, crosses a
rock scarp - 4.40 m. on east and - 5.95 m. on west,
lined above with crude brick, 2.40 m. on east and .90 m.
on west. Chamber of type 6 a(2) opening to west, 2.39 x
1.46 m., 1.07 m. high;area : 3.48 sq. m.;capacity: 3.72
cu. m. Blocking not preserved. Coffin pit 2.47 x .60 m.,
.60 m. deep, roofed with two slabs found displaced in
chamber. Inscribed on center of lid:Htpdinswtlnpwtpy
Dw.fimywtnb[tA]DsrqrsnfrimAxwn[......]imAxw
smr(?) Xry tp nswtNxt[i], a boon which the king gives
and Anubis upon his hill, he who is in the place of
bandaging, lord of [the necropolis] a goodly burial and a
well provided state[...] the well provided one, the companion, he who is at the head of the king, Nakhti. On
the west wall a horizontal band of incised text from right
to left: HtpdinswtInpwtpyDw.fimywtnbtADsrqrs.t(i).f
nfr mXryt-nTr imAxw sS Nxti, a boon which the king gives
and Anubis, he who is on his hill, he who is in the place of
bandaging, lord of the necropolis, that he may be well
buried in the cemetery, the well provided one, the scribe
Nakhti. On the south wall a horizontal text incised from
left to right: imAxwxrnb.fsmrsSNxti, well provided
before his lord, the companion, the scribe, Nakhti.
On the east wall, south of the doorway, and continued on south wall, text left to right:Htpdinswt
Ws-ir pr xrw (t Hnqt pAt) n imAxwXrnTr Spsnswt Nxti, a
boon which the king gives and Osiris that an invocation
offering (bread, beer, cakes) come forth for the well
provided one with the god, the kings nobleman(?),
Nakhti. The similarity of the burial chamber with texts
to that of Qar himself (G 7101 M) suggests that the
burial is contemporary with the latter and that one might
seek to identify Nakhti with the overseer of ka-servants
by this name on the west wall of the court (C), the first
of the kneeling figures in the lower register before Qar
and his wife Gefi. The titles do not agree, but Nakhti of
the burial chamber with his titles there cited might have
functioned as a chief ka-priest for Qar and be only so
designated in the relief.
In a block found north of subsidiary pyramid I a, thus
just west of the Qar complex, 24-12-135, Boston, 29 x

32 x 12 cm. (pl. XXXIV c ; fig. 9 a), the Nakhti represented may well be Qars brother and identifiable with
the individual buried in 7101 B, as seems probable from
the occurrence of two of the same titles. In the relief
fragment Nakhti is represented facing right before a
table of offering breads and a fragmentary offering list.
He wears a curled wig reaching to the shoulders, wears
the leopard skin garment, and holds a folded cloth in his
left hand against his chest. On his left shoulder is the
hand of his wife, indicating that her missing figure was
seated to his rear. Three columns of text are preserved
for the lower part only: ( 1 ) .. . Hmn T r [...]t, S p s n s w t ,
Nxti;(2)[...]Xrytpnswt;(3)[...]ranb,priestof
[Akhet-Khufu?], kings nobleman, Nakhti, (2) [ . . . ] he
who is at the head of the king, (3) [ . . . ] every day. The
first title ends in t and the pyramid or sun temple determinative, and the designation may possibly be restored as
Akhet-Khufu. The other two titles are represented in the
burial chamber of 7101 B. This relief of Nakhti and his
wife at least suggests the existence of an independent
chapel for him, and it is possible that the offering stone
which appears in the plan indicates its site as just west
of the upper stairs of the Qar complex and just north
of the shaft of Nakhti (7101 B). No other blocks can be
assigned to this chapel with the possible exception of the
sunshade blocks provisionally assigned to the Qar stairway (figs. 19 e-g) and a single unplaced block evidently
found at some distance away (marked, perhaps erroneously 25-5-79, G 7202, 50 x 96 cm.). The tomb owner,
unnamed, faces left. He wears a shoulder length wig, a
broad collar, and the leopard skin garment. His right
hand with a bracelet on the wrist holds a long staff. To
the left are the remains of registers. The first column of
text bears the fragmentary phrase: [i]wAwinnwn, cattle
brought to, and the following columns end in the
phrases nb.f,
his
lord, HAb,as inthe title Xry HAbt, andf.
The assignment of this additional block (pl. XXXIV d) to
it obviously
the chapel of Nakhti is at best speculative;
is part of a larger viewing scene.
G 7101 C. South of B in the southeast corner of the
block of four shafts. The shaft measures 1.03 x 1.00 m.,
- 2.60 m. on east and - 3.05 m. on west in rock, lined
above with crude brick : 2.05 m. on east and 1.05 m. on
west. The chamber of type 6 a(2) opens on the west and
measures 2.35 x 1.51 m., 1.20 m. high; area: 3.55 sq. m. ;
capacity: 4.26 cu. m. Coffin pit : 2.30 x 60 m., 50 m. deep,
no slabs preserved. No blocking or trace of burial, completely plundered.
G 7101D. West of B in northwest corner of block of
four. Shaft measured .90 x 1.00 m., - 1.13m. in rock
lined above with crude brick for .78 m. Type 7X. No
remains of burial.
G 7101 E. In southwest corner of block of four shafts,
south of D. Measured .80 x .89 m.,-225 m. in rock,
lined above with crude brick for .90 m. Chamber of type
6 a(2) opening to west: 1.90 x .89 m., .95 m. high; area:

1.69 sq. m.; capacity 1.60 cu. m. Found open with no

remains of burial.
G 7101 F. South of G, in angle between G 7101 and
face of G 71 I O (Kawab). Shaft .84 x .84 m., - 1.35 m.
in rock, lined above with crude brick .40 m. The chamber
is of type 6 a(2) and opens to west; it measures 1.57 x
57 m., .95 m. high; area: .89 sq. m. ; capacity: .94 cu. m.
Found completely plundered.
G 7101 G. In contact with southeast corner of block
of four (B-E) and north of F. Shaft measures .80 x .80 m.,
- 1.00in rock, lined above with crude brick .45 m. The
chamber of type 6 a(2) opens to the east and measures
1.50 x .65 m., .80 m. high; area: .97 sq. m.; capacity
.77 cu. m. No remains of blocking. Extended burial on
back, head to north, apparently intruded in Ptolemaic
period.
G 7101 H. In northeast corner of block of three shafts
with crude brick lining bonded together. Shaft .87 x
.86 m., -2.50 in rock, lined above with c.b. .45 m.
Chamber of type 6 a(2) on east : 2.1 I x .63 m., 1.00m.
high; area: 1.33 sq. m.;capacity 1.33cu. m. Found open
and empty.
G 7101 I. South of H. Shaft 1.00 x .95m., - 1.1 in
rock, lined with c.b. above .50m. No chamber. Type 7 X.
No remains of burial. See list for objects found intrusive
in shaft and in debris from south of it, perhaps in whole
or part from shaft H.
G 7101 J. West of shaft D and in contact with the
block of four. Shaft 1.00 x 1.00 m., -2.1 m. in rock,
lined above with c.b. .80 m. No chamber. Type 7 X.
G 7101 K. Attached on west to block H.-I. Shaft
2.17 x .90 m., -2.85 m. in rock, lined above with c.b.
.55 m. Long north-south rectangular shaft with side
chamber. Side chamber opening along entire west side
of shaft : 2.81 x .75 m., 1.20 m. high; area: 2.10 sq. m.;
capacity : 2.62 cu. m. Found open and plundered. See list
for objects from thieves debris, including an extensive
series of wood models from boat(s), and an uninscribed
limestone false door.
G 7101 L. North of J and in contact with it. Shaft
.96 x .84 m., - 1.95 m. in rock, lined above in c.b. and
rubble .80 m. Chamber on west of type 6 a(2): 1.92 x
.76 m., .85 m. high ;area : 1.46 sq. m.;capacity : 1.24 cu. m.
Found open and completely plundered. In surface debris
between J and L were found fragments of pottery,
alabaster, etc., recorded in list (24-12-150 to 160).
31. Although models of daily life including boat models are associated with tombs of the First Intermediate Period and the Middle
Kingdom, they also occur earlier at the end of Dynasty 6, for example
in the tomb of a different Idu published in Junker, Giza VIII, 90-107,
cited by Baer, Rank and Title, No. 79, p. 62. Fischer calls my attention
to the boat models mentioned by Smith, Hist. ofEgyptian Sculpture,
80,
93;Junker, Giza X, 171 ; and the wooden statue of a Dryt-mourner,
kite, in Drioton and Lauer, ASAE 55 (1958)pls. I I b, 12 a, b, following p. 251, a tomb which also contained a seated oarsman on the same
scale and several small oars.

13

G 7101 M. See above, chief shaft of mastaba with

masonry of seven courses for 2.00m. Chamber on west
burial of Qar.
area : 1.58 sq.
of type 6 a(2) : 2.14 x .74 m., 1.25 m. high;
G 7101 N. Outlying to west, 4 m. east of stair of
m.; capacity: 1.97 cu. m. Completely plundered.
G 7000 X (Hetepheres). Shaft : 2.60 x .86 m., - 4.15 m.
G 7101 Z, originally marked G 7102 Z. South of Y.
in rock on east and -4.55 m. on west, lining not preAn east-west shaft along north side of chamber F of Qar
served. Side chamber on west : 2.40 x .95 m., 1.05 m. high; and accidentally breaking into it at its northeast corner.
area : 2.28 sq. m.;capacity: 2.39 cu. m. Completely plunShaft .80 x .50 m., ends at rock, lined with masonry,
dered. In surface debris south of shaft were broken vessels
2.05 m. Chamber of type 8 b(2) on east : 2.00 x .80 m.,
and models (24-12-232 to 242).
1.20 m. high; area : 1.60 sq. m. : capacity : 1.92 cu. m.
G 7101 0. West of L. Shaft .90 x .64 m., ends at rock,
Completely plundered.
lined with c.b. 2.20 m. Chamber on north, type 8 b(2),
2.90 x .60 m., .90 m. high;area : 1.74 sq. m.; capacity
Register of Objects - G7101
1.56 cu. m. Completely plundered.
G 7101 P. North of N and west of S. Shaft 1.75 x
For pottery types, see Reisner-Smith G N
II,
60-89
.90 m., -0.45 m. in rock, lined above with c.b. 1.35 m. No
G 7101,found in clearing court:
chamber at base of shaft, but the top as preserved was the
24-12-468. Rectangular libation trough, lst., h. 10.3, w. 21.6, l.27.25.
lower part of a chamber of type 8 which may have been
24-12-469. Frag. of 1st. with partial cartouche. Reads right to left
Mr[y]-Ra, perhaps as in good name of Qar, h. 19.3, w. 12.4, th. 4.4.
reused. Chamber of type 8 b(2) on south, 2.30 x .47 m.,
24-12-470. Three dressed fragments of a statue, parts unidentifiable,
with upper part destroyed; area: 1.08 sq. m. Burial on
opaque, streaky diorite. (a) 1.9.7,w. 6. I , th. 3.45 ;(b) 1. 7.025,
flat in places;
left side, head north. Perhaps represents two burial
w. 4.55, th. 4.4; (c)l.5.3,
w.
5.05, th. 3.4.
places.
24-12-471. Frag. of undressed al.,l. 13.15,w. 4.2, th. 3.6.
G 7101 Q. At 2.75m. north of northern end of
24-12-472. Small frag. of al., dressed on one side, l,7.25, w. I .7, th. I .7.
24-12-473.
Tiny frag. of vessel(?),al., dressed on both sides, 1. 2.65, w.
Hetepheres stairs are two shafts side by side, Q on the
2.8,
th.
.725.
west and R on the east. Shaft 1.23 x .82 m., ends at rock,
24-12-474. Small RW model dish, h. 1.6,d.m. 5.15, d.b. 3.7, type
lined with c.b. 1.20 m. Chamber on south of type 8 b(2):
D-LXXIXa.
2.70 x .70 m., .65 m. high; area: 1.98 sq. m.; capacity:
24-12-475. Small RW model dish, h. 1.6, d.m. 5.7, d.b. 3.7, type
1.23 cu. m. Burial half in and half out of chamber.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-476. Mouth and neck of small RW jar, h. 4.6, d.m. 4.0, d. neck
G 7101 R. Against east side of Q. Shaft 1.21 x .96 m.,
3.2, th. .65.
ends at rock, lined with c.b. 1.35 m. Chamber on north of
24-12-477.Base of RW pot, course ware, WS, h. 3.4, d.top 2.7, d. base
type 8 b(2) : 2.07 x .73 m., .55m. high; area: 1.51 sq. m. :
3.15.
capacity: .83 cu. m. Burial, head to north, pulled out
24-12-478. Frag. of small faience statuette representing seated ape,
into shaft. Beside the heel was half of a bivalve shell.
h. 2.225, w. 2.725, th. 1.65.
G 7101 S. Beside 0 on west. Shaft 1.14 x 1.00 m., ends
24-12-479. Frag. rim of RW bowl, red wash, pebble polished, span
4.35,th..525.
at rock, lined with c.b. 2.10 m. Chamber on north of type
24-12-480. Head of Bes amulet, light green faience, face badly
8 b(2) : 3.26 x .69 m., .80 m. high;area : 2.25 sq. m. :
damaged, h. 2.05, w. 1.45,th. .8.
capacity : I .80 cu. m. Completely plundered.
G 7101 T. North of L adjoining U on south. Shaft
G 7101, court:
1.00 x .90 m., ends at rock, lined with c.b. 1.90 m. No
24- I 2-654. Frag. of wall relief, lst., raised relief(?),painted figure facing
chamber. Type 7 X. See list for objects in debris (24-12-264
right showing part of torso and figure's right arm from just below
shoulder. Arm, painted red, wears bracelet and probably holds scepter.
to 275).
Clothed
torso is painted white. No inscription, h. 41.5, w. top 65.0,
G 7101 U. Beside T on north. Shaft .97 x 1.1 m.,
th. 19.0,w. bottom 53.0.
- 2.75 m. in rock, lined with c.b. above, 1.75 m. Chamber
on west of type 6 a(2) : 1.72 x .92 m., 1 . 1 0 m. high; area :
G 7101
Temple,:
1.58 sq. m.; capacity: 1.73 cu. m. Completely plundered.
25-5-4. Frag. of 1st. relief, incised, bearing unintelligible line of hieroSee objects noted under shaft T.
glyphs reading to left (the only identifiable sign is d),h. 16.0,l. 29.0.
25-5-5. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing five standing rowers in
G 7101 V. Isolated, east of L and north of B-E. Shaft
boat, facing right, their bodies painted red, their hair grey. The oars, the
.75 x .80 m., on chamber side ends at rock, on west side
hull of the vessel, and the small visible section of mast are painted red,
shaft partly cut in rock. 1.05 m., lined with c.b., 1.50m.
while traces of blue paint may be seen on the water area, h. 38.0,
l.52.0.
Chamber of type 8 a( I ) : 1.75 x .70 m., .50 m. high;
area :
MFA 27.1129. PI. V e ; fig. 19 c.
1.22 sq. m.;capacity : .61 cu. m. Completely plundered.
25-5-6. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing bent arm of figure,
facing right, painted red. H. 21.0,l.28.0. Fits on to right end of 25-5-47.
G 7101 W and X. Within mastaba area, described
See pl. V a, fig. 18 b. Stairs.
above.
25-5-7. Frag. of 1st. wall relief of butchering scene, raised. Two fitting
G 7101 Y. Between G 7101 and G 7102, east of the
fragments, "painted red and blue," showing figure bent over, leaning
court (c)of G 7101. Shaft .80 x .91 m., - 2.60 m. in rock
left,
with
haunch
of beef
in hands,
33 x 17.
on east and -2.85 m. on west, lined above with c.b. on
25-5-8. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing an ichneumon climbing
branch of tree (toward right) with foliage background (carved as
south, west, and north, 2.20m., lined on east with
14

perpendicular lines). From a hunting or fishing scene, Stair B, north.

16 x 22, fig. 16.
25-5-9. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing red painted surface
with ground line on which stands a human foot facing left, 22 x 24. Not
illus.
25-5-10. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing upper torso, right
shoulder and upper arm, and head (with profile broken away) of a man,
a middle size figure, facing right. Body painted red; wig painted grey.
20 x 16. Not illus.
25-5-11.Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, of unidentifiable subject. At
bottom two horizontal lines; above these, two nearly vertical lines
curving slightly to left, and one line at right leaning diagonally to right.
21 x 16. Not illus.
25-5-12. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing the elbow(?),ptd. red,
of a figure facing left. Part of the garment(?) of same figure is visible on
right near break. On left side, there are two signs, side by side facing
right, to left of column line indicating a vertical column of inscription.
The fragmentary condition of the two visible signs makes certain identification impossible. The second is either a vulture or an owl. 20 x 9.
Not illus.
25-5-13. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing profile and right
shoulder of a figure facing left. The right arm disappears behind a
vertical object in front of the figure. 18 x IO. Not illus.
25-5-14. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing birds lower body and
legs (facing right) on a plant. From hunting or fishing scene, Stair B,
north. 8 x 4. Not illus.
25-5-15. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing aquatic foliage. Two
large leaves in foreground, with papyrus stalks in background (carved
as perpendicular lines). From hunting or fishing scene. Stairways(?).
7 x 13. Not illus.
25-5-16. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing cat climbing, to left,
stalk to duck nest. Two birds with outstretched wings in nest, a third
bird held by neck in cats mouth. 20 x 32. Fig. 16.
25-5-17. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing small male figure
(from waist up) facing left;body painted red, belt and chest sash yellow.
Chin beard and wig (passingbehind ear) painted black. Above head,
slightly to left, the lower part, presumably, of the h sign probably in
designation of lector priest. To the left of head thetail of a bird facing
left, either the vulture or owl, and beneath it, part of a figure(?)painted
red, with garment belt visible. 22 x 18. Not illus.
25-5-18. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing part of torso and left
arm of large figure facing right. A full necklace hangs down from
shoulder across chest. The figure leans forward slightly with the shaft
of a spear crossing his chest just above and touching the nipple. Body
painted red. Spear red. Necklace bears faint yellow stripes. Probably
from fishing scene of fig. 16. 22 x 23.
25-5-19. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised(?), bearing on left side the
vertical sign s (reading left to right), and on the right side two vertical
parallel lines with triglyph horizontal decoration between them. 14 x 14.
Not illus.
25-5-20. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing part of butchering
scene. On left, extended leg of butcher facing right toward rump and
tail section of ox lying on ground and bound. Part of a lower register
also visible. 20 x 18. Not illus.
25-5-21. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised, bearing the tops of
three columns of inscription. On left, the hoe sign mr facing right,
divided by vertical column line from reed leaf, facing left, and top
of another vertical sign, perhaps cruciform imy. To right is another
vertical column line and top of another reed leaf facing left. 8 x 23. Not
illus.
25-5-22. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing unidentifiable lines,
including vertical object with triple line dividers. 17 x 17.
25-5-23. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing a painted design of
square or rectangular spaces between horizontal lines on light coat of
plaster. Horizontal lines blue, spaces between them red and black. Next
to this, unrecognizable traces of relief. Not illus.

25-5-24. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, corner block, incised(?), showing

traces of hieroglyphs facing left to comer in a vertical column:
followed by birds feet and t below. Perhaps Axt.
This
surmounts a
horizontal line making a corner with a vertical line at right, perhaps pr
sign. 15 x 15. Not illus.
25-5-25. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised(?),showing a horizontal bottom
register line with wavy red painted lines. Three diagonal lines. Unrecognizable subject, perhaps sail or sunshade. 14 x 18.
25-5-26. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing a surface of thick grey
paint with two red painted vertical lines passing through it. 1 1 x 13.
25-5-27. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing thin section of red
painted figure facing left. Part of chest and bent right arm visible. 3 x IO.
25-5-28. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised(?),showing horizontal line of
hieroglyphs reading right to left : . . . imAxw. . . . I O x 9.
25-5-29. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing unidentifiable converging lines, 8 x 6.
25-5-30. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing aquatic plants with
elongated leaves(?), IO x 8.
25-5-31. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing seven evenly spaced
vertical lines (probably papyrus stalks) to left of vertical column of
hieroglyphs. Part of n visible. 18 x 5.
25-5-32. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, sunshades. 24 x 25, fig. 1 9 f.
25-5-33. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised(?),showing line of hieroglyphs
reading right to left . . . nw . . . above horizontal lines. 16 x 22.
25-5-34. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised(?), showing top of vertical
sign s(?) within squared frame. 7 x 33.
25-5-35. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, bearing section of vertical
inscribed column facing right with frag. cartouche: Mr[y]-Ra. Traces of
thick red paint on hieroglyphs, pinkish buff paint within cartouche,
thick colorless paint outside cartouche. Perhaps read Meryre-nefer.
6.5 x 17.
25-5-36. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing six vertical lines evenly
spaced. Probably part of hunting or fishing scene, 1 2 x 7. On left side,
traces of two signs of a vertical inscription : a horizontal wD(?) sign and
beneath it a w.
25-5-37. Frag. of a 1st. wall relief, raised, showing parts of two red
painted figures. On left an unidentifiable red painted body part of one
figure separated from red painted arm of another figure by a grey background. The latter holds in hand an orange object. 9 x 8.
25-5-38. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing on right part of a
large red painted figure, whose right arm extends across chest. Background painted grey. On left are carved lines of unidentifiable objects.
35 x 14.
25-5-39. Thirteen miscellaneous frags. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing various red painted surfaces, most unidentifiable. Five show red
painted body parts of small figures. One shows female breast with
nipple, with red painted arm of smaller figure passing just below it. To
right on same frag., part of hieroglyph nb, and above it, possibly a trace
of another sign.
25-5-40. Limestone disc, 13 x 35.
25-5-41. Three unidentifiable alabaster fragments, I 2.5 x 4.0.
25-5-42. One frag. of basalt, 1 2 x 7, and one frag. of black granite,
5 x 4.
25-5-43. Bronze kohl stick, l.17.5, th. .4.
25-5-44-48. Reliefs assigned to stairs and described above and illustrated. See pls. IV a, V ; figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
G 7101
24-12-94.Frag. of an arm of a basalt statue, painted red, h. 8. I , w. 5.3,
th. 5.8.

G 7101,top ofserdab
24-12-95. Frag. of large basalt jar, h. 14.3, d. ? (span 9.05), th. .775.
24-12-96.Frag. of black granite hammer, h. I 3.7, w. I 1.3,th. .5.
Debris above G 7101
24-12-136. Six red granite fragments, some dressed : (a) Corner,
dressed on four sides, 1. 8.0, h. 7.4, th. 7.4. (b) Dressed on two sides (opp.
15

ends), l.10.0,h. 7.8,th. 9.8.(c) Dressed on one side 1, 8.5,h. 4.5,th. 7.4.
(d) Dressed on two sides as in b, 1. I 1.4,
h. 5.5, th. 10.0(.e ) Dressed on
two sides as in b, 1. I 1.5,h. 4.0,th. 9.85.(f) Dressed on one side, 1. 13.2,
h. 3.8,th. 10.0.

24-12-78.
Head of green faience Thoueris amulet, h. 1.0, w. 1.0, th.
1.15.
24-12-79.
Frag. of bored wDAt eye amulet, light faience, h. 1.525,w.
1.225,
th. .45.
24-12-80.
Needle with pierced eye, bronze, with point broken off and
Between G 7101and G 7110
missing, h. 7.0,w. .275,
th. .3.
24-12-109.
Unidentifiable frag. of al. statue, l.13.55,w. 7.5,th. 3.7.
24-12-81.
Frag. of bowl, bright green faience exterior, h. 7.7,span 6.95,
24-12-110.
Four frags. of al. statue, only one of which is dressed
th. .725to .9.
(unidentifiable), largest 18.3x 6.9x 6.1.
24-12-82.
RW bowl similar to 24-12-74
with red wash and pointed
24-12-111.
Frag.oflargeal.bowl, h.6.3,
d.6.8,th. 1.3.
base, h. 10.3,d. 11.4,
th. .55.
24-12-112.
Frag. of ribbed headdress of al. statue, 3.35x 5.7x 1.3.
24-12-116.
Rim fragment of bluish green faience bowl, with black
24-12-113.
Frag. of translucent black diorite statue, perhaps a
painted simple geometric patterns on inside and outside, h. 4.35,d.
shoulder section, 3.0 x 6.9x 2.0.
about 17.4(span 5.25),th. .7.
24-12-114.
Frag. of large 1st. statue (unidentifiable), 9.4x 12.4x 5.3.
24-12-117.Small model jar, rough smoothed, h. 6.3,d.m. 3.9,d.
24-12-115.Unidentifiable frag. of 1st. statue, 3.4 x 6.2 x 4.75.
shoulder 4.8,d. base 3.8,th. .775,type B-XLIX a.
24-12-118.
Small RW jar similar to 24-12-117,
h. 6.3,
d.m. 4.05,d.s. 5.3,
N . of steps of G 7101
d.b. 3.6.
24-12-243.
Two frags. of an al. statue (?), each showing dressed sides,
Small RW model
24-12-119.
jar, h. 7.4, d.m. 3.85, d.s. 3.95, d. body 3.75,
(a) I. I 1.25,
w. 5.0, th. 2.15.(b) l. 10.9,w. 3.0,th. 1.7.
d. base 3.95,type B-XLIX d.
24-12-244.
Rectangular block of basalt, dressed on two sides at right
24-12-120.
RW model jar, rough smoothed, h. 6.0,d.m. 3.225,d. body
angles, l.11.925, w. 3.95,th. 3.35.
3.6,d.b. 3.7,th. .5, type B-XLIX b.
24-12-245.Small dressed frag. of a diorite statue, 1.4.75,w. 3.2,th. 3.75.
24-12-121.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.3,d.m. 5.2,d.b. 3.8,type
24-12-246.
Lid of kohl pot, al., d. 4.3,th. .6.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-247.
Frag. of green faience ushabti, head and shoulders, h. 2.325,
24-12-122.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.25,d.m. 5.8,d.b. 4.5,type
w. 2.5,th. 1.425.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-248.
Frag. of light green faience bottle with incised design,
24-12-123.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.3,d.m. 5.2,d.b. 4.05,type
D-LXXIX a.
h. 1.55,w. 2.575,th. .35.
24-12-249.
Two cylinder beads: one, blue frit, 1. 1.7,d. 3.0;the other,
24-12-124.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.45,d.m. 1.5,d.b. 3.55,type
green faience, 1. 1.5,
d. 3.0.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-250.
Roughly cylindrical piece of wood with projection at each
24-12-125.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.4,d.m. 5.8,d.b. 4.45,type
end (all one piece), perhaps a limb of a statue, l.11.15, w. 4.5,h. 4.15.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-251.
Frag. of al. with design in relief showing floral design or
24-12-126.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.5,d.m. 5.3,d.b. 3.75,type
bouquet, h. I 1.0,w. 9.45,th. 5.9.
D-LXXIX a.
24-12-252.
Lst. jar stopper, conical shaped, h. 4.0,d.b. 7.9.
24-12-127.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.3,d.m. 5.2,d.b. 3.95,type
24-12-253.
Tiny Bes amulet, bored at back, light green faience, h. .9.
D-LXXIX a.
w. .525,th. .425.
24-12-128.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.75,
d.m. 5.45,d.b. 3.825,type
24-12-254.Bronze coin, head one side, device the other, not drawn,
D-LXXIX a.
d. 1.8,th. .15.
24-12-129.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.0, d.m. 5.35,d.b. 4.15,
type
D-LXXIX a.

Tomb p i t G 7101M , burial of Qar

24-12-161.Frag.ofjarorlargebasin(?),diorite,h.6.3,sp.8.9,th.2.75.
In filling of shaft.
24-12-162.
Three frags. of 1st. relief: (a) raised, showing at top, lower
part of register with figure on hands and knees(?) facing right beneath
which is inscription reading right to left . . . wDb-xt . . . , h. 4.8,w. 8.2,
th. 1.05; (b) h. 6.4,
w. 10.2,
th. 3;(c) incised, unintelligible traces of two
hieroglyphs (probably the end of a line reading from right), h. 8.3,
w. 12.45,
th. 4.325.
G 7101

filling
A,
of upper

D-XXXIX b.
24-12-55.Small RW model neckless shoulder jar with splay foot,
h. 5.0, d. rim 4.95,d.b. 3.45,type B-LV b-m.
24-12-56.
Small pottery model dish with rough mouth, h. 1.2,d. rim.
4.15,
d.b. 3.2,type D-LXXIX a.
24-12-72.
Frag. of RW jar, rough course ware, not smoothed, h. 13.9,
d. ? (span 10.8),th. 1.4.
24-12-73.
Bored mud bead, 1. 3.8,d. 2.0,d. bore .4.
24-12-74.
RW bowl with red wash, pointed base, h. 9.45,d. I 1.4,
th.

.45.
24-12-75.
Frag. of basalt, roughly rectangular, h. 4.225,
l.
8.05,
th.
2.425.
24-12-76.
End of spatula (?), slate, 1.4.45,
w. 1.4,
th. .45.
24-12-77.
Frag. of wDAt eye amulet, light green faience, h. 1.875,
w. 1.75,

16

24-12-131.
RW pot, rough smoothed, broken, h. 32.3,d.s. 16.1(at
21.0from base), d-b. 3-2, type A-II c.
24-12-132.
RW pot, similar to 24-12-131,
broken,

h. 26.9,d.s. 15.5(at
17.3from base), d.b. 3.8.
24-12-133.
RW pot similar to 24-12-131,
broken, h. 24.4,d.s. 14.3(at
17.5from base), d.s. 4.8.
24-12-134.
RW pot similar to 24-12-131,
broken, h. 23.1,
d.s. 13.8(at
17.5from base), d.b. 3.8.

shaft:

24-12-54.
Frag. of RW bowl with red wash, h. 17.5,
d. ?, th. 8.75,type

th. 1.125.

24-12-130.
Small RW model basin, h. 1.35,
d.m. 6.7,d.b. 5.05, type
D-LXXIX a.

G 7101A, lower shaft

24-12-208.
Frag. of head of life size red granite statue, with wig and
part of beard preserved, h. 21.3,
w. 28.1,
th. 25.2.
Pit of G 7101 I
24-12-178.
RW round bottomed bowl, pebble polished, red wash,
h. 8.0,d. body 19.8,
d. rim 19.0,type XXXI b.
24-12-179.
Rim frags. of large round bottomed bowl, h. ?, d. about
25.0,th. .65,type C-LXIII b.
24-12-180.
Frag. of two RW bowls, pebble polished, red wash, similar
h. 6.3,and 7.4,d. rim about 21.6,
th. .55,type C-XXXII a
to 24-12-178,
(I).

24-12-181.
Frags. of RW flaring basin with red wash, similar to
24-12-54h. 19.2,d.b. 19.6,th. 1.1, type D-XXXIX c.
24-12-182.
Frags. of RW bowl with red wash similar to 24-12-54,
h. ?,
d. rim 41.6,
th. .85.

24-12-183. Various fragments of round bottomed jars, RW, red wash,

similar to 24-12-178 and 24-12-154, and frags. of vessels too small to
determine, types C-XXXIII a (1),LXIII a (2), LXXIII b (1),LXIII c.
Pit of G 7101 K
24-12-163. Two frags. of RW round bottomed bowl with red wash,
pebble polished, h. 7.8, d. about 20.0, th. .55, type C-LXXII.
24-12-164. Neck of RW jar with roll rim (frag.), h. 7.3, d. rim 10.0, th. .5,
perhaps type A-VI.
24-12-165. Wooden figure, much decayed, of a sailor for boat model,
red body and white skirt, head and legs missing, right leg advanced,
h. 19.0, w. 5.4, th. 3.5.
24-12-166.Wooden figure, much decayed, of a sailor for a boat model,
legs slightly bent, traces of red paint, h. 18.4, w. 4.0, th. 3.4.
24-12-167. Wooden figure of kneeling rower resting on his heels,
much decayed, bearing right arm attached by means of a small peg
inserted in slot in shoulder and slot in arm, h. 10.0, w. 2.4, th. 7.5.
24-12-168.Wooden figure of sailor for model boat, right hand hanging
closed at side, h. 10.3, w. 3.2, th. 2.8.
24-12-169. Wooden figure of woman(?) from same model, h. I 1.7,
w. 1.6,th. 1.4.
24-12-170. Wooden figure of sailor from same model, traces of red
paint, h. 9.3, w. 1.75,th. 1.15.
24-12-171. Wooden figure of sailor from same model, h. 9.7, w. 2.35,
th. 1.85.
24-12-172. Wooden figure of squatting helmsman from same model,
traces of red paint and white on skirt, h. 9.2, w. 4.1, th. 3.5, beside this
figure, a head, three legs unattached.
24-12-173. Wooden figure of man on block chair(?) from same model,
h.7.2,w. 1.8,th. 3.0.
24-12-174. Wooden figure of man from same model, h. 6.4, w. 2.55,
th. 1.3.
24-12-175. Model of oar blade, wood, colored red, from same model,
h. 4.85, w. 1.0, th. .275.
24- I 2- I 76. Three slotted wooden arms from figures or rowers,
colored red, h. 8.7, W. 1.2, th. .7; h 8.65, w. 1.2, th. .8; h. 5.35, w. .9, th. .55.
24-12-177. Miscellaneous frags. from a wooden coffin, type b,
fastened by broad dowels, (a) 1.26.5,w. 3.6, th. 6.6. (b)20.5,
l.
w.
3.4, th. 5.8.

Between G 7101 L and G 7101 J

24-12-150. Unidentifiable frag. of a basalt statue, dressed on one side,
1. 6.15, w. 9.5, th. 8.45.
24-12-151. Seven frags. of an al. statue. Only one is dressed, perhaps
showing wig surface in relief, 1. 5.6, h. 5.2, th. 15.3.
24-12-152. Small RW pot, WS, similar to 24-12-118,h. 4.95, d.m. 2.3,
d.s. 4.55, d.b. 3.725, type B-XLIX a.
24-12-153. Small RW pot, WS, similar to 24-12-118,h. 5.35, d.m. 1.8,
d.s. 3.55, d.b. 4.75.
24-12-154. Small RW model dish, WS, similar to 24-12-127, h. 1.2,
d.m. 5.05, d.b. 3.0, type D-LXXIX a.
24-12-155.Side frag. oflargejar, RW, similar to 24-12-22, h. 25.2, span
19.2, th. .925.
24-12-156. Two side frags. of large RW jar, (a) h. I 5.1, sp. I 3.0, th. .85;
(b) h. 14.2, sp. 23.0, th. .85.
24-12-157. Base of crude RW jar similar to 24-12-131, h. 16.5, d. ?,
th. 1.3.
24-12-158. Frag. of small RWjar, h. 10.0, d. ? (span 9.15), th. 1.05.
24-12-159.Base frag. of small RW bowl with red wash, h. 3.6, d.b. 6.9,
th. .8.
24-12-160.Frag. of RW model pot, rough smoothed, h. 9.0, d. ? (span
11.75), th. .8, type D-LXXIX b.
N .o fG 7 1 0 1N
24-12-232. Frags. of RW bowl, red wash, pebble polished, h. 6.8,
d. 21.2, th. .475.
24-12-233. Frags. of RW bowl, red wash, pebble polished, h. 6.0, d.
18.0, th. .5.

24-12-234. Small RW dish sim. to 24-12-127, rough smoothed, h. 1.8,

d.m. 5.4, d.b. 3.825.
24-12-235. Small RW pot, WS, sim. to 24-12-118, h. 6.4, d.sh. 5.3,
d.b. 4.2.
24-12-236. Large RW pot, course ware WS, h. 31.0,d.m.24.3,d.b.13.7,
th. 2.6.
24-12-237. Large RW WS course ware pot sim. to 24-12-236,h. 35.2,
d.m. 27.2, d.b. 14.2, th. 2.2.
24-12-238. Sim. to last, h. 26.0, d.m. 24.3, d.b.11.3, th. 2.4(broken).
24-12-239. Sim. to last, h. 30.1, d.m. 25.8, d.b. 12.7, th. 2.4 (broken).
24-12-240. Sim. to last, h. 30.1, d.m. 24.5, d.b. 12.7,th. 2.35 (broken).
24-12-241.Base frag. of pot sim. to last, h. 23.2, d.m. ?, d.b. 12.4,th. 2.5.
24-12-242. Base frag. sim. to last, h. 22.0, d.m. ?, d.b. 13.7,th. 3.4.
G 7101 T, found in debris
24-12-264. Roughly rectangular flint blade, 1. 5.9, w. 3.8, th. 1.4.
24-12-265. Frag. head of amulet, a goddess wearing a crown with
feathers, part of pedestal, bored at back, light green faience, h. 1.45,
w. .95, th. .8, Ptolemaic.
24-12-266. Frag. ring seal of light green faience, bearing a nfr sign
between mAat feathers, 1. 1.05, w. 1.0, th. .225, Ptolemaic.
24-12-267. Bronze bracelet made from single strand of bronze bent
360, d. 4.4, th. .45.
24-12-268. Frags. of linen, some white, others brown (linen).
24-12-269. Shallow RW bowl, red wash, d. 22.0, h. 5.0, th. .8, type
C-LXIII a (I).
24-12-270. RW bowl with red wash, h. 5.0, d. 22.0, th. .8, type C-LXIII
b.
24-12-271. Frag. of shallow RW dish, similar to 24-12-269, h. 5.5,
d. 21.0, th. .725, type C-LXIII a (1).
24-12-272. Frag. of similar shallow RW dish, h. 5.2, d. 32.0, th. .65.
24-12-273. Frag. of RW bowl with red wash, h. 5.9, d. rim 17.0,th. .2,
type C-XXXI d (I).
24-12-274. Two frags. of shallow RW dish with red wash sim. to
24-12-272, h. about 5.0, d. about 33.4, th. .65, type C-LXIII a (I).
24-12-275. Two frags. of shallow RW dish with red wash sim. to
24-12-269, h. ?, d. about 31.2, th. .65, type C-LXIII a (I).
7101 S
25-3-303. Flint blade, 6.8 x 1.9.
G 7101 W Pit
24-12-678. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised, showing inscription
. . . imAxw .. . reading right to left and down, just in front of head,
shoulders, and arm of figure wearing necklace, short wig, and holding
staff (facing right), h. 15.0,l.52.0, th. 17.0.
24-12-540. Frag. of 1st. from incised compartment list, h. 4.6, w. 24.3,
th. 13.3.

G 7101 X, fillingof shaft:

24-12-676. Frag. of1st. relief, incised, showing seated figure (Gardiner
Sign List A 50), knees and legs broken off. Headdress like Sign List A 41
without uraeus, h. 16.7, w. 7.2, th. 14.8.
24-12-677. Frag. ofdressed al., from statue(?),h. 2.2, w. 11.45,th. 7.6.
G 7101, location not specified
24-12-83. RW dish with pointed base, h. 6.4, d. 22.1, th. .45, type
C-LXIII.
24-12-84. Neck of large RW jar, h. 6.05, d. 10.85,th. .75.
24-12-85. Frag. of RW bowl, red wash, h. I 1.5, d. about 24.2 (span
12.6), th. .7, type C-LXVI b.
24-12-86. Frag. of shallow RW dish, red wash, h. 4.7, d. ? (span 5.4),
th. .825, type C-XXXII.
24-12-87. Frags. of shallow RW dish, red wash, h. 3.7, d. about 24.0,
(span 8.725),th. .5.

17

24-12-88. Frag. of shallow RW dish, red wash, h. 3.0, d. about 23.0

(span 11.85), th. .75, type C-XXVII.
24-12-89. Frags. of large RW bowl similar to 24-12-54, red wash,
h. 7.7, d. about 27.0 (span 12.3),th. .825.
24-12-90. Frags. of shallow RW bowl with red wash similar to
24-12-88,h. ?, d. about 24.0 (span 9.4), th. 1.0.
24-12-91. Frags. of shallow RW bowl with red wash, similar to
24-12-86,h. ?, d. about 24.0 (span 9.05), th. .425.
24-12-92. Frag. of RW bowl with red wash similar to 24-12-54, d.
about 23.0 (span 8.05), th. .425.
24-12-93.Miscellaneous frags. of pottery vessels, esp. shallow dishes
(cf. 24-12-88) and round bottomed pots too fragmetary to measure or
to determine actual shape, RW, RBW, with red wash.

Titles of Qar
iwn knmwt mAa, true pillar of Kenmet. D 2.
imy-r niwt AXt-Xwfw, overseer of the pyramid town of
Akhet-Khufu. C-B 2 ; D east wall: D west wall, north
side.
imy-r niwtNTry-Mn-kAw-Ra, overseer of the pyramid
town Netjery-Menkaure. C-A 2; D west wall, north
side.
imy-rXnw, overseer of the residence. A 2 : C north
wall;
tomb chamber.
imy-rsSw, overseer of scribes. C-A 2,3;D west wall,
E 3;E stela ; F I , 2. Probably an abbreviation
north side;
of following title.
imy-r s S w nkAtnbt, overseer of the scribes of all the
D
works. D north wall pillar;D north wall east side;
south wall;D west wall south side;
E stela.
imy-rkAt nbt, overseer of all the works. D1; E north
wall.
m d w rxyt, staff of the rekhyet-people. D 2.
Hm-nTrMAat, priest of Maat. C-A 3; D west wall
south side.
H r y sStA nwDt nbt, overseer of the secrets of every
command. E stela.
Hry sStA n kAt nbt, counsellor of all the works. C-B 3;
E 3.
xnty-S Mry-Ra-mn-nfr, tenant farmer of Meryremennefer. A 2 ; C-A 1;C-B 1; D north wall pillar; D
east wall;D south wall;
D west wall north side;
E south
wall; E stela.
Xry tp nswt, he who is at the head of the king. A I ;
A 2; C north wall; D 2; tomb chamber.
sAb, sAb-official. C-A 2, 3; C-B 3; D north wall
pillar;
D north wall east side;
D south wall;D west wall
D west wall north side;
E stela;
E 3;F 1;F 2.
south side;
smrwaty, sole companion. C north wall.
sHDwabwWr-Xa.f-Ra, inspector of the weeb priests of
Wer-Khafre. C-A 3 ; D west wall north side.
sSanswt, kings letter scribe. E stela.

18

sSanswtxftHr, kings letter scribe in the presence.

C-A 2, 3 ; C-B 2, 3 ; C west wall; D north wall pillar;
D north wall east side;
D south wall;D west wall;
D west
wall north side; E stela; E I ; E 3;F 2.
sSanswtxftHrmAa, true kings letter scribe in the
presence. D west wall south side.
Family of Qar
Mother: Xnwt. C north wall; E, north wall.
Wife: Gfi.Titles: Hmt.f mrt.f; rxt nswt; Hmt-nTr [HwtHr].
C
west wall.
Son(?): Idw. Titles: sA.f mry.f. Room E, north wall;
sA.(f) E, north of stela. B; East wall south side, 4. Titles
(without designation of son preserved): sSanswtxftHr,
sAb, imy-r sAw, A I (stairs).
Brother: sn.f Nxti.B north wall (stairs). See G 7101 B.
Sisters: s n t f mrt.f Ttwt and snt.fm r t . f B n D t . D north
wall east side. As noted, if the latter is the same as the
daughter of Idu, then Qar of G 7101 is the son of Idu of
G 7102. A text in black ink on the E wall of G 7215 D, I ,
chamber reads: H t p dinswt Inp qrs.t(i).s n f r X k r t watt
imAxtBnDt. This individual is probably the sister of Qar
and was thus buried in G 7215.
Dependents of Qar
Idw, Xry HAbt. C west wall.
Idw,sS.C west wall.
Idw, no title preserved. D east wall, north section.
Idw,
sS
mDAt
nTr
mAa
pr-aA.
C
west wall. Perhaps identical
with preceding.
Wsri, no title preserved. C west wall.
Ny-Xty, no title. D east wall, 3 b. Or read NXty.
Nxti, imy-rHmw-kA. C west wall. Perhaps Qars
brother (see above).
Nxti, smr, Xry tp nswt,sS,Sps nswt. Coffin and walls of
G 7101 B. Perhaps identical with preceding. With
Hm-nTr[Axt-Xwfw?], block 24-12-135 (pl. XXXIV a ; fig.
9 a).
Nsw-Hr, imy-r pr n rwt. D east wall 3 a.
Nkr(?)-m-HAt, no title preserved. D east wall, 3 f.
Perhaps Skr-m-HAt.
Rnsi,
xrp
sH.
E
above
door.
Xti, sS. D east wall, 1 b. Perhaps read [N]xti.
QAr,XryHAbtsmsw. D south jamb doorwayto E ; D
north jamb doorway to E. Perhaps his son.
KAr, title not preserved. D, right of doorway to F.
Presenting scroll to Qar.
, imy-rwHaw. A I (stairs).
, XryHAbt,sSmDAtnTrpr-aA,sS. . . . C west wall.
, xryHAbt. C west wall.

front of the offering chamber, it is possible to envision

an area of the same dimensions enclosed by a low wall,
with the steps leading directly from this enclosure to the
features below ground level. See pls. XV, XVI.
The upper stairway leads south from the surface level
with about twelve steps with stone treads now destroyed
followed by five limestone masonry steps with treads
preserved and a final step cut from the rock (figs. I , IO, I I).
The steps are flanked by crude brick walls with bricks
measuring 3 4 x 17 x 11cm.
They descend on the east
to a small middle level court, apparently undecorated
and open to the sky, which is an irregular rectangle with
Superstructure
the long axis east-west and several features of interest.
THEtomb of Idu lies in cemetery G 7000 north of street
The eastern side is marked by the steps leading from the
7000
and
east
of
the
related
tomb
of
Qar
(G
7101).
It
was
surface and their continuation from this middle level to
discovered by the Harvard University-Museum of Fine
the vestibule area on the lower level. The steps are
Arts, Boston Expedition on January IO, 1925, in the
flanked on the east by a crude brick wall .80m. high,
course of clearing the shafts east of the complex of Qar.
.575 m. thick, and 4.485 m. long (north-south). The floor
The shaft with the burial chamber and sarcophagus of
of the middle level court slopes gently on all sides toIdu (G
7102
C)
was cleared
during
the first two weeks
of
ward a tank-like emplacement roughly in the center of
1925. During the clearing of the debris above the entrance
the court and oriented east-west (1.08 m. long x .58 m.
gments
to Idus w e r e found
of the head
of a
wide x .40 m. deep). If this tank lacks a significance in
life size royal statue (Cheops?) in alabaster showing the
the cult, it may well have been a device to check the
back of the wig and head-cloth with a portion Of the proflooding of the offering chamber below during a heavy
tecting
falcon
(pl.
XIV
d;
fig.
43).
The
mastaba superrain. In the northwest corner is a small obelisk .56m.
structure of the tomb at surface level is no longer prehigh, and roughly .16m. square, the pyramidion accountserved except for traces of masonry at the northwest
ing for .13m. of the height. The east wall of the middle
corner (pl. I a; fig.1). Reisner assumed that there was a
level court rises in rock .25 m., above which is the consubstantial filled mastaba superstructure with a doorway
tinuation of the same crude brick wall running north
in the north side which gave access to the stairway leading
from the area of the vestibule. There is no trace of a wall
south to a middle level court, and a continuation of the
on the south, for here there is a vertical drop to the area
stairs to a sort of lower level east-west vestibule in the
of the vestibule. On the north the rock cut wall rises .45 m.
south wall of which was the doorway to the single
and is contained above in crude brick preserved to a
chamber offering room with its axis north-south. Of the
height of .95m. above the rock wall. On the west,
superstructure only one course of masonry, the northhowever, is a wall of masonry preserved in two courses for
west corner, exists, the west wall with a preserved length
a height of .75 m., with a doorway on the south side leadof 2.50m. north-south, and the north wall with a preing to a western chamber on the middle level. The latter
the thickness is .30 m.
served length of 1.10 m. east-west;
is oriented north-south, 3.70 m. long x 1.45m. wide,
(fig. I). The continuation of the north wall to the east
paved with slabs, and was almost completely destroyed.
would have crossed over the upper stairway and may
The excavators suggest that the room was finished with
have had a total length of 9.90 m. The west wall may have
stone walls, probably originally with reliefs, which they
had a length of between 9.60m. to 14.45 m., and in
believed to have been stolen just prior to their work
Reisners estimate measured about 13.50m. No trace
(Diary, January 12, 1925). Several limestone blocks from
wasfoundof theeasta n d south walls. Theestimated
a corner piece, 25-1-118,
119,
121,
122, 123, 124, fitted
dimensions of 9.90 m. (east-west) and 13.50 m. (northtogether, and a related unplaced fragment all found in
south) result in an area of 135.04sq.m. with a proportion
the nearby pit 7102 E, may be logically assigned to a
of 1/1.37. In view of the virtual disappearance of the
jamb of the doorway to this western chamber (pl.XXXIV
superstructure, the writer questions the necessity for
a, b ; fig. 42). This corner piece and the related fragment
reconstructing a mastaba superstructure for the extant
could belong to the tomb of Qar to the west (G7101), but
rock cut elements. Yet Reisners unparalleled knowledge
their find spot suggests the western chamber off the
of the Giza cemetery should be given full weight in his
middle level court as their original emplacement. The
attempt to reconstruct the monument. As an alternative
2. Obelisks for private persons in the Old Kingdom are not rare. For
to Reisners reconstruction of a relatively large mastaba
with interior steps and an open court and vestibule in
examples, see Jequier, Le monument funeraire de Pepi
II,
vol. III,
p. 55,

PART

IDU - G7102

Smith, Hist. of Egyptian Sculpture, 20, pl. 5 a ; expedition no.

25-1-587;
MFA
27.1466.
Maximum dimension: 32 cm.
I.

fig. 57, p. 70, fig. 72 ; Junker, Giza XI, 110-111; pl.14b,c; Borchardt,
Denkmaler des alten Reiches I, Nos. 1308, 1310,1312;Museum of Fine
Art, Boston, acc. nos. 21.958(G5221),13.4353(G2382).

19

right side of the block as pieced together bears a single

column of text facing left in raised relief: [imy-r] Xnw Xry
t p nswti m y - r sSwn a p r w m [.. .], overseer of the residence, he who is at the head of the king, overseer of the
scribes of the gangs, [. . .].The left side of the block
has a column of text and the upper portion of a seated
figure, all in sunk relief facing right. The figure is a man
with full wig, beard, and broad collar holding a staff
against his chest with his left hand. He wears a leopard
skin garment. The carving is of excellent quality with
details carefully incised. The text reads: [imy]-r wpt HtpnTr m prwy QAr, overseer of the distribution of divine
offerings in the two houses, Qar. The isolated fragment
bears a title in sunk relief facing right: imy-r Hwt-wrt
6mAa, real overseer of the six great chapels. If the jamb
fragment is assigned to the left side (south)of the doorway
from the court, the sunk relief would be on the west side
of the court and the raised column of relief in the door
recess. On the other hand, placement of the fragment
on the right (north) results in the raised section in the
court and the sunk portion with the figure in the doorway
facing into the court. The Qar of this jamb may well be
a son of Idu. However, the titles are not identical with
those of his son Qar represented in his tomb chapel nor
of the well known Qar of the major neighboring chapel
designated as G 7101.The western chamber off this
middle level court, and possibly one of the pits behind
it, may well have been constructed for this Qar, a close
relative and perhaps son of Idu. See pl. XVI c.
At the southeast corner of the middle level court, with
one step intruded into the court, is a flight of five rock
steps, six rises and five treads, descending to the lower
level court or vestibule which measures 3.00 m. east-west
by 2.10 m. north-south and lies 1.22 m. below the floor
of the middle level court. Its features consist of two
small obelisks of the same size as that described above
engaged in the rock in the southwest and southeast
corners, a slit in the west wall opening to the serdab, and
the monumental architrave over the entrance to the
tomb chapel in the south wall (pls. XVI a-c; figs. IO, I I).
The serdab, found empty, was rock cut, 1.9m. northsouth and .55m. east-west, .80 m. high, and roofed with
slabs of stone now removed.
Facade

The architrave consists of two large blocks joining

precisely over the center of the door (text described
below) and a standing figure of Idu at the right facing
left (pls. XVII; figs. 33). He holds a long staff diagonally
with his right hand and a scepter horizontally with his
left, the scepter passing behind him, and wears a short
pointed skirt painted yellow, a broad collar and wristlet
painted blue, and a tight fitting wig; the body was
painted red. All color has now disappeared. Above these
fitting blocks is an overhang (eave) with sloping element,
20

also of two blocks, with the shorter block on the left

(east), and above these blocks two additional fitting
blocks, the shorter block on the right (west), with the
two lines of text arranged so that the first reads from
right to left and continues the text in the second line
from left to right (see text below). The hieroglyphs are
finely cut with considerable interior detail (pl. XVII;
fig. 33). The six blocks which compose this monumental
architrave are set on the natural rock above the entrance;
they are now the only masonry blocks used in the chapel,
which is otherwise cut from the natural rock.
Inner court;horizontal inscription above eave (pl.
XVII;fig. 33):(I) D d pr.n(.i)m niwt(.i) hAi.n(.i)mspt(.i)
ir.n(.i) mAat nnb.s sHtp.n(.i) nTr m mrrt.f Dd.n(.i) nfr wHm(.i)
nfr Dd.n(.i) mAa ir.n(.i) mAa di(.i) tn Hqr Hbs (2) nHAi snD.n(.i)
it(.i)iAm.n(.i) mwt(.i) msxmtn(.i) i m n sp Dd(.i) xt n b D w
iw SAb r rmT nbw n mrr(.i) hr.t(i) bAQ.t(i) wnn imAx(.i) xr nTr
xr rmT Dt. (1) Recitation : I came forth from my town,
I descended from my district. I performed truth for its
lord, I caused the god to be satisfied with what pleased
him. I spoke good and repeated good. I spoke rightly
and acted rightly. I gave bread to the hungry, clothing
(2) to the naked. To the best of my ability I feared my
father and was pleasant to my mother. Never did I speak
anything evil, unjust, or crooked4 against any people,
because I desired that one be satisfied and one be unmolested and that I be well-provided before the god
and before men forever.
Architrave : Inscription below eave in seven horizontal
lines, one vertical column at right, and standing figure of
Idu on right facing left, reading left to right (pl. XVII;
fig.33): (1) Htp di nswt Htp di Inpw xnty sH-nTr tpy Dw.f imy
wt nb tA Dsr nbqrsnfr mXryt-nTr Htp di Wsir qrs.t(i).f nfr
mis.fnt(y) mimntxp.f Hrw A w t nfrt,(2)Sms.t(i).f inkAw.f
Ssp.t(i) a.f in nTr aA sSm.t(i).f Hr wAwt Dsrt xppt imAxw Hr.s
sia(r).t(i).fnnTraAmimAxw,(3)mrrwnTraAnbimAxnbqrs
n f r mXryt-nTrp r ( t ) - x r w (tH n K t p A t ) n.f m i m n t a A w r t
sAx.t(i).finXry(w)-HAbtwtwaSAwrt,(4)mwptrnptm
D H w t y t mtpy rnpt mWAgm H A b Skr mH A b wr m R k H m
S A D mprt M n w , (5)m. ..nt Abd mtpywrnpwtmtpywmDw
nbwmHAbnbaAmXrt-hrwranbmA-HDxAiwAXArxAT(rp)
xA,(6)stxAsxAmnwtxAsSxAmnxtxAtxApAtxAHnQtxAm
twabnnTraAnimy-rwptHtp-nTrmprwyimAxwxrnTraA,
(7) Xrytp nswtmdwrxyt i w n k n m w t H r y sStA n w D a m d w
Hm-nTr MAatsSa nswt xftHr imy-rsS mrtimAxw xrInpwtpy
Dwfimywt,(8)sSanswtxJtHrimy-rsSmrtIdw.(1)An
offering which the king gives and an offering which
Anubis gives, foremost of the divine booth, he who is
upon his hill, he who is in the place of embalming, lord
of the sacred land, lord of a goodly burial in the necropolis, and an offering which Osiris gives : that he be buried
well in his tomb which is in the west, that he travel upon
3. Sethe, Urk. I,203-204. Edel, Grammatik, 11,534N.
4. Edel, in MDIK 13(1944)31 ;for bAq see Barta, Aufbau, 99, no. 133 f,
and Blackman, Meir IV, 25, n. 16.
5. Edel, in MDIK 13 (1944)35.

the good ways, (2) that he be accompanied by his kas,

that his hand be taken by the great god, that he be conducted upon the splendid roads on which the wellprovided travel, that he be raised to the great god as a
well-provided one, (3) whom the great god loves; [as a]
lord of reverence, possessor of a good burial in the
necropolis. May an invocation offering (bread, beer,
cakes) come forth for him in the west very greatly. May
he be glorified very greatly by lectors and embalmers,
(4) at the New Years festival, at the Thot festival, at the
first of the year, at the Wag-feast, at the feast of Sokar,
at the great festival, at the fire-lighting festival, at the
Sadj festival, at the coming forth of Min, ( 5 ) at the halfmonth (and) month festivals, at the seasonal feasts, at
the beginning of all decades, at all great festivals, and
throughout the course of every day : a thousand oryxes,
a thousand bulls, a thousand ro-geese, a thousand Trp
geese, (6) a thousand set birds, a thousand se-birds, a
thousand pidgeons, a thousand clothes, a thousand linen,
a thousand bread, a thousand cakes, a thousand beer,
as pure bread of the great god, for the overseer of the
allocation of divine offerings in the two houses, one well
provided before the great god, (7) he who is at the head of
the king, staff of the people, pillar of Kenmet, privy to
the secrets of judgement, priest of Maat, kings letter
scribe in the presence, overseer of scribes of the meretserfs, well-provided before Anubis who is on his hill, who
is in the place of embalming, (8) kings letter scribe in the
presence, overseer of scribes of the meret-serfs, Idu.
At the right end of the architrave, facing lines ( I ) to (8)
of the inscription, is a striding figure of Idu, facing left.
He wears a tight wig, a broad collar, and bracelets on
each wrist, and a pointed, pleated skirt. He holds a long
staff in his right hand and a sekhem-wand, passing behind
the skirt, in his left.
Offering
Chamber
Offering Chamber : Rock-cut throughout, decorated
walls sized with plaster to imitate white limestone.
Reached through a doorway from the north in the center
of the south face of the Inner Court (D). The chamber is
1.30 m. wide and 4.20 m. long, oriented north-south
(pls. XXI, XXIX c), with a vaulted roof painted to imitate
red granite, 1.85 m. high at walls.
Access doorway 0.60 m. wide and 0.70 m. deep, 1.58m.
high outside, 1.46 m. high inside, with drum between.
The sill is .22m. above the floor of the chamber and
.05
m.
above that of the exterior court. On both east and
west jambs are standing figures of Idu, facing north, with
inscriptions above and in front of them.
Right (west)
jamb (pl.
XVI
d; fig. 34).
Idu is shown
facing outward to the right, wearing a short wig, a midcalf skirt with horizontal pleating and with belt, and hold6. On the mrt-serfs, see Abd el Mohsen Bakir, Slavery in Pharaonic
Egypt, 22-25.

ing a long staff diagonally in front of him with his left

hand and a short scepter horizontally in his right hand.
He has a large, pendulous breast, and a roll of fat extends
just above the skirt at about the level of the navel. His
right shoulder is bent toward the front. Above him is the
text:imAxwxrnTraAXrytpnswtmdwrxytiwnKnmtsSa
nswt Idw, one well-provided before the great god, he
who is at the head of the king, staff of the rekhyet-people,
pillar of Kenmet, kings letter scribe Idu. In front of him
is the vertical text:isnbaqtyfyrispnnywab.n.fmrwab
nnTr, iw ir.t(i) n.f xsft Hr.s Dw, Oevery man who shall
enter this tomb, not purifying himself like the purification
for a god, one shall execute a punishment for him on
account of it painfully.
e;fig. 34). Idu is shown facing
Left (east)jamb (pl.XVI
outward, to the left, wearing a larger full wig, broad
collar, and leopard skin garment over a short skirt. The
right hand with a bracelet on the wrist holds a long staff
diagonally and the left a scepter horizontally;
the latter
appears to pass behind him in such representations when
the figure faces left. Above him is the text:imy-rsSmrt
imAxwxrnTraAsSnswtxftHrIdw, overseer of the scribes
of the meret-serfs, one well-provided before the great
god, kings letter scribe in the presence Idu. On a
smaller scale before him is a male figure facing the same
direction and wearing a short skirt and broad collar with
the identifying text: sA.f mry.f sAb sS imAxw QAr, his
beloved son, the sAb-official, the scribe, the well-provided
Qar.
North Wall
The north wall presents a thematic unity and has been
frequently discussed and illustrated (pls. XVIII-XX;
fig. 39. The theme of the burial has also been discussed
at length by Wilson, but without reference to this
representation. The scene is probably to be read
beginning with the section to the right (east) of the doorway, continuing with the representation of the oxen
dragging the funeral sledge above the doorway, and concluding, from top to bottom, with the panels on the left
(west) of the doorway with the bringing of the sarcophagus to the wabt-embalminghouse, which is shown on
the opposite side of the entrance, the representation of
the purification tent, the water-transport of a shrine to
the purification tent, and the final carrying of the
sarcophagus westward to the tomb. A full discussion of
this scene in its many ramifications is not attempted here.
Many details and parallels have been discussed by
7. The variants of this formula are discussed by Edel, MDIK 1 3
(1944)4-8. The consistent use of the introductory ir with the formula
suggests that the initial i should be read as ir.
8. See Fischer, in Yale University Art Gallery Bulletin 24 (1958)34.
III,
2nd ed., Part I ,
9. References in Porter and Moss, Top. Biblio.
185-186, to which may be added Settgast, Unters. zu altagyptischen
Bestattungsdarstellungen;Kantor, in AJA 61 (1957)46-47.
IO. J N E S 3 (1944) 201-218.
21

Luddeckens, Wilson, Grdseloff, H. Muller, Settgast, and

others.
East (right) of entrance (pls. XVIII, XIX; fig. 35). Six
registers set the scene of the death of Idu and the lamentation of the mourners on this o c c a s i o n .1. The lowest
register consists of a doorway, possibly that of Idus
dwelling. It is not clearly defined or detailed and lacks
any accompanying text. 2. Above the last is a scene of six
mourning women, facing left, the first and third collapsed
on the ground, the second tearing her hair, two others
leaning forward, and the last with raised arms. The color
is largely gone, but the women are dressed as in the
register above. The caption above the scene reads: prt
inmrt.fHrrmt, coming forth by his meret-serfs weepi n g . It may be noted that one of Idus main titles is
imy-r sS mrt. 3. In the register above the latter five mourning women are shown facing left, the first four standing,
the fifth sitting. The first and last have a hand to their
heads, and the center three have their arms linked about
their companions shoulders, with the first of the group
of three facing right toward her companions. They wear
long white dresses with shoulder straps. The text reads:
i nb.i n mrwt,
oh my beloved lord, a lament addressed
to their departed m a s t e r . 4. Above these registers of
female mourners is the first of two registers of male
mourners. Five men are shown grieving. The first two
face each other, clasping hands. The first has a hand to
his head, and the second has an arm linked over his
companions shoulder. The third has collapsed on the
ground and is being assisted by the fourth. The fifth also
has a hand to his head. The text reads:inb.iiTn.kw(i),
oh my lord, take me to y o u . The men wear wigs and
short white skirts. 5. Group of five male mourners,
similarly dressed, in various attitudes of grief, three
standing and tearing their hair and two falling with a
hand to the head. The text reads:iit.(i)nmrwt, oh my
beloved father. 6. At the top of the wall surface is the
representation of a large doorway with several recessed
panels on the sides and a kheker frieze above, and
a portico with a single column with a capital of papyrus
blossoms tied b e l o w . The lower part of the column
shaft is enclosed in a small rectangle which may indicate
a court. On the basis of parallels the structure has been
identified by Ricke and others as the wabt-embalming
house, toward which(?) the men in the panel on the
opposite side of the entrance bring the coffin; Drioton
suggests that the building is the wabt, based on its similarity
to
the
plan
of
same
in
the
tomb
of
Qar.
These
I I . References in Porter and Moss, op. cit., and preceding and following notes.
12. For the lamentations, see Luddeckens,MDIK II (1943) 2, 16-17.
I 3. Luddeckens, MDIKII(1943)2; Settgast, op. cit., 7.
14. Luddeckens, MDIK
II
(1943)
16.
15. Luddeckens, MDIK
II (1943)
17.
16. The column was probably of wood.
17.ASAE 40 (1940)1011-1012.

22

six registers as a whole, the two doorways and the four

scenes of lamenting mourners, would seem to be set in
Idus home and the wabt-embalminghouse, if the structure at the top is to be so indentified.
Tympanum above entrance (pl. XVIII b ; fig. 35). The
scene above the doorway consists of the representation
of the dragging of the sarcophagus sledge by oxen. On
the left is a heap of miscellaneous food and drink offerings
with painted details toward which the procession is
directed to the left. Two long-horned oxen pull the sledge
by a rope. Immediately behind them are six standing men
facing left, pulling or assisting and a seventh man facing
right and bending down to pour liquid from a jar to
lubricate the passage of the sledge. On the sledge is a
light canopy with recurved roof and poles in front, in the
middle, and at the back, containing the red sarcophagus.
A set of eyes is painted on the sarcophagus, and it
is raised on a special stand or cradle also shown thus in
the tomb of Qar (fig. 24).The label over the sarcophagus reads:imAxw, the well-provided one. The procession is followed by a single man with short skirt and
sash and bookroll in left hand, and labelled:XryHAbt,
lector priest. The horizontal text above the procession
is damaged and partly illegible. The sections that can be
made out are indicated in the drawing, and may read in
part: ir n Inpw smA-tA qrs[. . . ...] imntytdismyt a.wy.s

ir.kSdrIdw.
West of entrance (pls. XVIII a ; XIX; fig. 35). Five
panels, reading probably from top to bottom, comprise
a continuation of the burial service for Idu. I . Three men
facing right carry the sarcophagus on poles; the middle
man is shown behind the sarcophagus. The chest
represents a wooden coffin; it is shown proportionately
shorter than the representation on the sledge above the
door. The text reads: sDAtrwabtrwtyw, proceeding to
the embalming place to the embalmers. Settgast has
shown that the normal chain of events sets the procession
to the purification tent (ibw) before that to the embalming
place (wabt). In this case we have either to read the panels
in the opposite order, that is from bottom to top, or to
assume that the order is inverted. 2. Two registers of food
and drink offerings which may belong with the register
below with the ibw representation. The offerings may be
considered to lie on the roof of the ibw structure and form
18. Parallels in Luddeckens, op cit., and Wilson, op. cit.
19. A liquid is similarly poured beneath the sledge bearing the statue
of Djehutyhotpe at el Bersheh: Newberry, El Bersheh, Part I, pl. 15,
p. 20. Newberry suggests that the liquid is water and that the act is
mainly ceremonial. The rite of pouring water in front of a sledge is
captioned sttmw in Macramulla, Le mataba dldout, pl. 9.
20. There is a parallel in the tomb of Nebkauhor illustrated by
Wilson, in J N E S 3 (1944)pl. 16.
21. The wall is illustrated in Smith, Hist. of Egyptian Sculpture, fig.
84 b. The text at the top is difficult to read on the wall and might be
improved.ForirnInpwsmAtA,seeparallelinthetombofQar (pl. VIII;
fig. 24) and the text in Macramulla, Le mastaba dldout, pl. 8.
22. Settgast, op. cit.,15-16.

a single scene with it. 3. A representation of the T-shaped

ibw-structure, purification tent, with a doorway at either
end and ramps or causeways leading at a diagonal
toward a c a n a l . There is also a wide vertical element
leading into the canal with indentations on either side.
The subject of the purification tent and wabt-embalming house has been discussed on the basis of the
occurrences in tombs of Dynasty VI from the time of
Teti to Pepy II, the tombs of Mereruka, Ankhmahor at
Sakkara, Qar and Idu at Giza, and two scenes in the
tomb of Pepyankh
at Meir.
Attention has also been
drawn to the similarity of the Idu representation of the
ibw structure to the valley temple of PepyII at Sakkara
S o u t h . 4. A scene of the transport of a shrine by boat,
with the label: sDAtrDADA(tp)ibw, proceeding to the
roof of the purification structure. The shrine, with
open(?) door, is vertical and suits the shape of a standing
statue or the mummy in an upright position, the latter
probably unlikely. It is placed in a wooden structure with
recurved roof and faces left on the boat. In front of the
structure and holding onto the vertical pole is a man
labelled: wt, embalmer, followed by a woman in long
dress with shoulder straps and streamer attached to a
fillet in her hair labelled:drt, kite. A similar woman is
shown to the rear of the structure with the same label and
is followed by a seated man behind whom is a steering
oar. 5. The lowest register essentially repeats the topmost
in the opposite direction, with three men bearing the
sarcophagus to the left (west). The label reads:ihmkSms
imAxw, Lo, behold the progress of the well-provided
one.
The suggested order of the scenes is naturally tentative
and subject to revision. A strict sequence cannot be
expected, although Wilson describes the more developed
scene in Mereruka as a continuous cinematic movement from the left of the wall to the right, with the
starting point as the house of the living and the terminal
point as Mererukas tomb at S a k k a r a . A selection has
evidently been made from the various episodes, as the
parallels from other tombs i n d i c a t e . Perhaps the best
order is achieved by reading the right wall, bottom to
top, the left wall, bottom to top, and last the tympanum.
East Wall
Offering chamber ; east wall (pls. XXI-XXIII;
figs. 36,
37). Rock-cut throughout. Length 4.22 m. Along the
entire length of the wall, at the top, runs a single-line
23. A. Badawy, A History ofEgyptian Architecture, Vol. I , 65-68.
24. H. Ricke, Bemerkungen zur agyptische Baukunst des alten
ReichesII,92-98; For discussions, see Grdseloff, Das agyptische
24
(1972)
7-11;
Settgast, op. cit.,9-15;
Reinigungszelt; Barguet, in RdE
Altenmuller, Bestattungsritual, in Lexikon I, 5: 745-765; Altenmuller, in Jaarbericht Ex Oriente Lux 22 (1971-1972)307-317.
25. E. Brovarski, in a paper presented at the annual meeting of the
American Research Center in Egypt, at Chicago, November, 1973.
26. J N E S 3 (1944)201.
27. Kantor, A J A 61(1957)46-47.

inscription reading from right to left. Below this, in deep

niches, are six standing statues (1 to6), the northernmost
smaller than the others, the space above it being occupied
by a four line inscription reading right to left. Between
the niches containing statues (2)to (6) the surface of the
wall is inscribed with four vertical inscriptions. At the
south end, the area between statue (6) and the south
corner has a group of scenes in four superimposed
registers with bands of lotus frieze between them (7).The
inscriptions are indicated as follows: A. Along top of
wall ; B. Over statue ( I ) ; C.Between statues (2)and (3);
D.Between statues (3) and (4);E.Between statues (4)and
(5); F. Between statues (5) and (6); G. South end of wall
(7).
InscriptionA. Htp dinswt Htp diInpw tpy Dw.fimy wt
nbtADsr qrs.t(i).f nfrmis.f nt(y) mxryt-nTr smyt imntyt iAw
nfr wrt prxrw (t HnQt pAt) n.f n imAxw xr nTraA sS a nswt
xftHrsSmrtimAxwIdw, an offering which the king gives,
an offering which Anubis gives, he who is upon his hill, he
who is in the place of bandaging, lord of the necropolis:
that he be well buried in his tomb which is in the cemetery
of the western desert, having grown very gracefully old,
and that an invocation offering (bread, beer, cakes) come
forth for him, for the well-provided one before the great
god, the kings letter scribe in the presence, scribe of the
meret-serfs, the well-provided Idu.
Inscription B. Four lines right to left:(1)SSanswtxft
Hr imy-r sS mrt, (2) imAxw Idw sA.f, (3) mry.f Hsy.f, (4) sAb
sS imAxw QAr, (1) kings letter scribe in the presence,
overseer of the meret-serfs, (2)the well-provided Idu ; his
son, (3) his beloved, praised of him, (4) sAb-official, scribe,
the well-provided Qar.
Inscription C. One column between statues (2)and (3);
Xnty-SPpy-mn-nfrsSanswtxftHrimAxwIdw, tenantfarmer of the pyramid Men-nefer-Pepy, kings letter
scribe in the presence, the well-provided Idu.
Inscription D. One column between statues (3) and (4);
HrytpnswtsSanswtxftHrimy-r sSmrtimAxw Idw, he who
is at the head the king, kings letter scribe in the presence,
overseer of the meret-serfs, the well-provide Idu.
Inscription E. One column between statues (4)and (5) :
Imy-r wpt Htpt-nTr m prwy imy-r sS mrt imAxw Idw, overseer of the distribution of divine offerings in the two
houses, overseer of the meret-serfs, the well-provided Idu.
Inscription F. One column between statues (5) and (6) :
SHDwabwAxt-XwfwsSanswtimy-rsSmrtIdw, inspector
of the weeb-priests of the pyramid Akhet-Khufu, kings
letter scribe, overseer of the meret-serfs Idu.
Between statue (6) and the south end of the wall : four
XXIII c-d; figs. 36, 37.
superimposed registers (7). Pls.
Top to bottom : (a) Two men in a papyrus skiff. In front,
a crouching man carries a calf on his shoulders, his two
hands grasping its legs. In the crook of his right elbow he
carries a lotus flower with two buds. He wears only a
band about his middle. Behind him a goat lies between
the legs of the second man who bears down heavily on a
23

pole thrust into the water with which he controls the

boat. He looks to the left and is clad in a short skirt, has a
lotus flower around his neck. No inscription. Below is a
frieze of lotus flowers, buds, and leaves. These borders
below aquatic scenes are common at this t i m e . (b) Two
men on a papyrus skiff. In front a crouching man facing
right grasps in each outstretched hand a bird held by
the wings. Lotus flowers and buds hang from each elbow.
He wears only a band about his middle held by a band
over his right shoulder. Behind him a calf stands facing
left, its tongue thrust out toward the second man. He
crouches to bear down on a pole held in both hands and
thrust into the water. He wears two lotus flowers about
his neck and a band about the waist. No inscription.
Below is a frieze of lotus flowers, buds, and leaves. (c) Two
men in a papyrus skiff. In front a crouching man facing
right holds a lotus in his right hand and carries a bird,
held by the wings in his left. He wears only a short skirt.
Behind him stands a calf facing right. In the stern a
second man, clad only in a skirt, holds birds by the wings
in each hand. No caption. Below is a frieze of lotus
flowers, buds, and leaves. (d) The fourth register is partly
flaked off. It shows again two men in a boat, the bow of
which is missing. In the center a man sits. He holds in his
extended left hand a stick thrust forward (its end missing). In his left he carries a stick resting against his
shoulder. Sitting in the stern a second man thrusts a pole
into the water with both hands. Above the first man is a
short inscription: sSanswtxftHrimy-rsSmrtIdw, kings
letter scribe in the presence, overseer of the meret-serfs
Idu.
The six engaged statues on wall. ( I ) Standing figure of
Qar, son of Idu. About half as tall as statues (2) to (6).
Feet together, closed fists at sides. Unclothed except for
traces of a broad collar and bracelets. He has short black
hair ;other color missing but presumed to have been red.
( 2 ) to (6). Five standing figures of Idu, about twice the
size of statue (I). All practically alike with coloring preserved in varied degrees. Feet together, arms at sides with
closed fists. All have shoulder-length black wigs, broad
collars, and bracelets. Anklets (if any) uncertain. Torso
and legs red. Short white skirts with bead pendant of five
strands hanging from painted belt with t i e .
South Wall
Offering chamber, south wall (pls. XXIV-XXVI; fig.
38). Length 1.30m. Scenes and inscriptions covering
the full length of the wall, complete in upper part : lower
part partly scaled off and missing. Idu views the singing,
music making, and games in honor of the goddess
Hathor. Hickman, A S A E 54 (1951),213-39, pls. III-IX.
28. Wreszinski, Atlas, 111, 59, 95, 96 (Mereruka); 92 D (Neferseshemptah).
29. For similar treatment of east wall with statues, see de Rachewiltz,
The Rock Tomb of Irw-KA-PtH, pls. IV-V, VIII-XI.

24

( I ) At the right (west) above : Idu seated in a chair with

extension for his feet, and a seven column-inscription
(a-g).
(2) To the left of ( I ) scenes of boys games in top
register, dancers in second register, game-players in third
register, and musicians in fourth register, with accompanying captions.
(3) Below ( I ) and (2) running the full length of the wall :
parts of fifth and sixth registers with scenes showing
preparation of food and drink, and seventh register with
a procession of women carrying supplies on their heads,
with accompanying captions. Lower part mainly lost.
( I ) Idu facing left seated with knees drawn up in a
chair with arms and a low forward extension for the feet.
He wears a short curled wig and a broad collar. His right
arm is extended with open hand in which he holds a
short stick. His left arm with elbow bent hands over the
arm of his seat. Both arms, hands, and legs have been
re-drawn and their position altered at least once and are
somewhat confused. In front and above is an inscription in seven columns and a horizontal line left to right:
(1)MAAHstsqmbntHbAinimy-rsSmrtIdw,(2)Xrytp
nswt mdwrxyt imy-rHwt-wrt, (3)Xry tpnswt imy-rwpt
Htpt-nTr,(4)sSanswtxftHrimAxw,(5)imy-rsSmrtsmAa
wDamdw,(6)imAxwxrInpwnbtA-Dsr,(7)imAxwxrWsir
nb
tA-wr
Idw.
(1)
Viewing
the singing, plucking the harp,
and playing by the overseer of the scribes of the meretserfs Idu, ( 2 ) he who is at the head the king, staff of the
rekhyt-people, overseer of the great chapel, (3) he who is
at the head of the king, overseer of the distribution of
divine offerings, (4) kings letter scribe in the presence,
the well-provided one, ( 5 ) overseer of the scribes of the
meret-serfs, who makes right the judgments, ( 6 )one wellprovided before Anubis, lord of the necropolis, (7) one
well-provided before Osiris, lord of Ta-wer, Idu.
(2) Top register. Boys games, reading from left to
right. Touny and Wenig, Sport in Ancient Egypt, 50-59.
(a I ) A naked boy facing right gestures with his left
arm toward an enclosure or holds the rope which forms
the enclosure. The latter contains four naked boys facing
left, the first prone on the ground while the second leans
over him and thrusts his raised head back down. The last
two boys are standing with their right arms gesturing
forward. This is evidently a version of the game of
prisoners. The label above the enclosure reads right to
left in the same direction as the boys: Sd wa.k im.sn nt(y)
Hna(.i), rescue your one among them, 0 (my) comrade,
to which the boy outside the enclosure with the text in the
opposite direction replies:iw.(i)rSdt.k, I shall rescue
you. Parallels and variants are cited by Smith, who
illustrates the scene from Idu with those from Ptahhotpe,
Mereruka, Ikhekhy, and a block with similar text in the
British Museum.
30. On alterations, cf Brunner-Traut, MDIK 15 (1957) 18-32.
3 I . Smith, History of Egyptian Sculpture, 209-211,figs. 8 I a, b, c, 82,
83;James, Khentika, pl. II; Wreszinski, Atlas III,27.

(a 2 ) Two boys with intertwined arms and wearing

only long pigtails stand facing each other as if in the first
stages of wrestling, the text reading:AbxinAbxw, linking
by the l i n k e r s . Cf. Davies, Ptahhotep I, pl. 23 b.
(a 3) The third set of games consists of two boys
wearing only lotus fillets in their hair confronting each
other in combat fashion. Their rear arms raised behind
them and their lowered arms in front hold short sticks or
daggers. The one on the left is labelled:sA.fHmi and the
one on the right sA.fQAr, his son Hemi, and his son
Qar. Their threats are not entirely intelligible and the
readings should be improved. On the right: stt.(i) m mwt
stw
r.k,
I
thrust to the death(?)a thrusting against you.
To which the other brother replies(?):isr(m)TiT.fn.(i), Is
there a man who can seize (it) for me? Both renderings
are obviously uncertain.
(b) Second register. Seven women facing right toward
the seated Idu. Right to left, four women dancing, each
labelled ibA, dancing. All wear pointed male skirts,
broad collars and bracelets, and have varying crossbands over the torso and streamers down the back. The
second also wears a long pigtail. In front of the feet of the
first is her name: sAt.fBnDt, his daughter Bendjet. On
the east wall of the chamber of G7215D1a text in
black ink gives the title and name: Xkrt watt imAxtBnDt.
Also in the tomb of Qar (G 7101) his sister Bndyt is
shown under his chair in Room E, central pillar (pl. X b:
fig. 26 b). If the lady is the same, Idu of G 7102 may be
the father of Qar of G 7101,although by a different wife.
Following the four dancers are three women clapping
their hands. They lean slightly forward, wear long dresses,
pendant necklaces, and streamers down the back. Each
bears the label: mAHt, clapping, or perhaps clapperbearer, although they do not carry sticks or implements;
men as well as women bear the caption mAHt. The horizontal text above them reads:InDHr.TmAnxHwt-Hrswt
kA.T Htptinbi.T imrtnfrw, possibly, Hail, to you in life,
0 Hathor, the places of your ka are propitiated, that you
desire.
The cult of
should glow is what the n f r w
Hathor is celebrated by games and dancers in the Middle
Kingdom tombs at M e i r .
(c) Men playing at draughts. Three scenes, left to
right.
(c I) Two men seated on the ground face each other
across a game of draughts, probably the 30-square senetg a m e . Each prepares his move. The text reads: rdi(.i)
sSmDba(.i)rprhb, I cause my finger to be led to the house
of the ibis (?). For pr hb, house of the plough, perhaps
read thus, houseof the ibis = Thot.In
a New Kingdom
32. Faulkner, The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts, 138: Arms are
linked for you, feet dance for you, hands are waved for you.
33. See Schafik Allam, Beitrage zum Hathorkult. I am indebted to
Miss Virginia L. Davis for this reading.
34. Wente, in Studies in Honor of John A. Wilson, 83-91.
35. W. Needler, in JEA 35 (1953) 60-75; Junker, Giza IV, 36;
Piankoff, The Wanderings
of the Soul,
116-120, with list of references on
p. I 16; Drioton, Bull. Soc. Arch. Copte 6 (1940) 177-206.

text the first square is apparently designated as the

H o u s e o f Thot.
(c 2) The center pair of men face each other across a
serpent game, the Mehen b o a r d . The trapezoidal
element below the circular board is thought by Montet
to be the storage place or garage for the playing pieces
not in a c t i o n . The text reads: Hba.k(i)mHnr.k, I am
playing the Mehen game against you.
(c 3) The third pair of men again confront each other
across the senet-board, the man on the right making his
move. The text is difficult:wawsnn.i;nna.krs, the one
and the two belong to me; you have no right to them.
For the second part an alternative may be:nngrH.kr.s,
you will not win at it, or will you not finish with i t ?
The man on the left is identified as QAr, Qar, and his
opponent on the right as the sSIsi, the scribe Isi,
although the name may be Hsi; the first sign in the
photograph looks like Sn
(Sign List V 7) and is rendered
by the artist as a reed leaf.
(d) Fourth register, musicians. Seven figures, reading from right to left as follows.
(d I ) A man seated on the ground facing left, right
hand gesturing, left hand to ear. Caption:mAHt, clapping.
(d 2 ) Man seated on the ground facing right, playing
a long wind-instrument. Caption: sAb, flute.
(d 3) Woman seated on the ground facing right playing
a harp. Caption:sqsAt.f lry, his daughter Iry, plucking.
(d 4) Similar figure playing the harp. Caption:sqsAt.s
Nbt, her daughter Nebet
(d 5 ) A similar figure playing a harp. Caption: Hst
Nfr-mnxt, the singer Nefer-menkhet. Erased.
(d 6) A similar figure playing the harp. Caption: Hst,
singing.
(d 7) A similar figure but with pigtail, playing the
harp. The artist changed his mind and erased the name.
Caption:Hstsq, singing and plucking.
(e) Fifth register: Preparation of food and drink.
Somewhat narrower than registers (a) to (d), but running
full length of the wall. Reading from right to left :
(e I ) Man seated on the ground facing right fanning a
fire on which a rib-roast is cooking. Caption: facing
right to left,ASrDrww, roasting a flank.
(e 2) Man seated on the ground facing right tending
food in a pot. Caption: pst iwf wdpw Tidwi, cooking
plucking.

36. Piankoff, op. cit.; 119; Pieper, ZAS 66 (1931)16-33.

37. Ranke, Das altagyptischen Schlangenspiel, Sitzb. Heidelberger Akad. der Wiss., Phil.-hist. Kl., Abh. 4, 1920; Junker, Giza IV,
CdE
30 (1955) 189-197.
36-38; Montet, Le
38. Montet, Scenes, 374-375.
39. This translation suggested by Miss Virginia L. Davis. For the
game in the Old Kingdom, see Klebs, Die Reliefs des alten Reiches, 112I 13.
40. For the scene, see Montet, Scenes, 357-365;
Klebs, op. cit., 107109.
41. Junker, Giza IV, 38-39.

25

meat, the butler Tidui. The reading of the name is

uncertain.
(e 3) Standing man leaning forward over pot in a
QAr,
the butler Qar.
basin. Caption: wdpw
(e 4) A stand with four tall jars and lotus flowers and
buds.
(e 5) A man facing right leaning over a low table on
which are a variety of items of food and vessels.
(e 6 ) A low table on which are several vessels, a trussed
duck, and lotuses.
(e 7) A man seated on the ground facing left with arms
extended toward a double row of tall jars. Caption: mH
qrHt, filling the pots.
(e 8) Two standing men facing right leaning forward
toward the jars shown in (e 7). The first man is holding
out a jar to fill the others.
(f) Sixth register;
men preparing food. The left end of
the register partly lost. Reading right to left : (f I ) to (f 7).
(f I ) Man seated on the ground facing right holding a
fan in his right hand; his left holds a missing object.
Caption:ASrApd, roasting a fowl.
(f 2 ) Man seated on the ground facing right holding a
bird by the wings.
(f 3) Man seated on the ground facing right holding a
bird by the neck and wings with both hands. Caption :
wdpwNy-Xti, the butler Ny-kheti. Or read Nxti.
(f 4) Man kneeling facing left before a stone on which
he is working with both hands. Caption: Tst t imy-rpr
Ny-Xti, raising bread (by) the steward Ny-kheti.
(f 5) Man squatting on the ground facing left but
turning his head to the right. His right arm is raised as he
looks back at his fellow, while his left pokes with a stick
at a large pile of moulds. Caption: qriaprt, firing

moulds.
(f 6) Man facing left leaning over a vat. Caption: dnt

sTt, kneadingsTt-bread.
(f 7) Man seated on the ground facing left but looking
back at his companion, right arm raised and left lowered,
tending a pile of small vessels being fired. Caption:qri

bDA, firingbDA-vessels.
The rest of the register is largely missing.
Seventh register, offering bearers.
(g) Very incomplete and without captions; a procession of female offering-bearers facing right. Originally
about ten, of which only the first three are preserved
down to just above the ankles. Each figure bears on her
head various offerings and carries also flowers, birds, etc.
This is the lowest register on the wall, and appears to
have been the lowest part decorated.
West Wall, South of Niche
Offering chamber, west wall, south of stela (pls. XXVIIXVIII, fig. 39). Length ca. 1.50m.
42. Montet, Scenes, 245.
43. Montet, Scenes, 247; James, Khentika, 70.
44.
Montet,
Scenes, 237; James, Khentika, 45.

26

General description : At the right (north) Idu is seated

facing left on a chair before a table of bread. Under the
chair sits his wife facing left. Over and beyond the table
of bread (to the south) are three registers of offerings and
offering-bearers, extending to the south end of the wall.
The preceding are identified as registers I to 3. Below
this is a narrow band of inscription reading right to left
running the full length of the area. At the bottom of the
area is register 4, with a short vertical text at right, and a
procession of butchers, etc., facing right running the
length of the wall.
Scene. Idu facing left is seated on a chair with low back
and lion legs at back. He wears a short curled wig with a
fillet, broad collar, bracelets, and a short skirt. His right
arm is extended toward the table of bread, his left, holding a folded cloth, is in his lap. Over his head is an inscription in six columns and one horizontal line, reading
left to right: (1)XrytpnswtmdwrHytiwnknmwt wDamdw,
(2)sSanswtxftHrimAxw,(3)imy-rsSmrtsmAawDamdw,

(4)imAxwxrInpwtpyDw.fnbtADsr,(5)imAxwxrWsirnb
Ddw,(6)imAxwxrPtHrsyinb.f,(7)Idw,(1) He who is at
the head of the king, staff of the rekhyet-people, pillar of
Kenmet, determiner of disputes, ( 2 ) kings letter scribe in
the presence, the well-provided one, (3) overseer of the
scribes of the meret-serfs, who makes true the judgments,
(4) one well-provided before Anubis upon his hill, lord
of the divine land, (5) one well-provided before Osiris,
lord of Busiris, (6) one well-provided before Ptah, south
of his wall, (7) Idu. Under Idus chair, his wife is seated
on the ground. She wears a fillet around her head, a
broad collar, and a dress with two shoulder straps. With
her right hand she grasps Idus leg and her left rests in
her lap. Over her is the inscription Mrt-it.sand Hmt.f
mrt.f, Meretyotes, his beloved wife.
Register I : A pile of assorted offerings of food and
drink without captions.
Register 2 :Over a table of bread are five thousand
signs over signs for cloths, linen, fowl, cattle, and oryx.
Then a procession of offering-bearers (a) to (e).
( 2 a) Man wearing a short skirt. In his left hand he
holds out a vessel by its stem and with his right removes
sA.f
his
son;
a lid from it. Captions : In front of his face
in front of his legs:sAbsHdsSwQAr,sAb-official,inspector
of scribes, Qar.
(2 b) Man wearing a short skirt. He holds up a jar on
his open left hand, has a lettuce in his right, and a cord
with which he is leading a small oryx. Caption:sA.fsAb
sSIdw. His son, the sAb-official, scribe, Idu.
(2 c) Man wearing a short skirt. He balances a tray
with food on his left shoulder, has a lotus blossom with
buds in his right hand, and leads on a rope a small
gazelle. Caption:imy-rpr In-di.f-iy-n(.i), the steward

Indiefyeyn

45. Reading of name uncertain.

(2 d) Man with short skirt. He balances a tray with

offerings on his left shoulder, has a hemispherical object
held against his chest on a tray in his right hand, and a
bunch of vegetables hung from his right elbow and a jar
hung from his left elbow. Caption: s S imy-rprNxt, the
scribe, the steward Nakht.
( 2 e) Man with short skirt. He balances a tray of food
on his left shoulder and a bunch of lotus hangs from his
left elbow. In his right hand he holds a lettuce. Caption :
Hm-kA imy-xt Idw, subordinate funerary priest Idu.
Register 3 : From right to left. Under the table of
bread (Register 2): At right: a stand with three vases
at left : three thousand-signs
with lids and spouts;
over bread, beer, and cakes. Under these a ewer and
basin. To the left again, a pile of offerings: various tall
jars, lying over which are a trussed duck with wrung
neck and pomegranates(?),a cut of meat, onions, etc. The
register continues (left) with three men facing right
bearing trays of food on their shoulders (3 a to 3 c).
(3 a) A man holds a lettuce in his right hand, a tray
with offerings on his left shoulder, and vegetables hung
on his left elbow. In front is the name Idu (with the signs
r and i carved over it).
(3 b) A man carries a tray of food on each shoulder
with a bag hanging from the right elbow and a lotus
hanging from the left elbow. The name Idu is inscribed in
front.
(3 c) A man carries a tray of food on his left shoulder
and a string of onions(?) over his left elbow. On his right
arm he carries a goose and has a jar hanging from the
elbow. In front of his feet an ibex is held by a rope. The
caption reads: Hm-kA anx n.f, funerary priest Ankhenef.
Beneath Register 3, running full length of the area, is a
single line of text from right to left:intnDt-HrnsSanswt
xftHrimy-rsSwmrtIdwinnwmniwwt.fnttA-mHwSmawin
Hmw-kA.f n pr Dt,bringing gifts for the kings letter
scribe in the presence, overseer of scribes of the meretserfs, Idu; which are brought from his towns of Lower
and Upper Egypt by his funerary priests of the house of
eternity.
Register 4 : Butchers. Reading right to left : full
length of area. Vertical inscription at right:sxpt HAt stp,
followed by a joint of meat, a duck, a widgeon(?), an
oryx-head, an ox-head, bringing first choice (of the
above meats).
(4 a) Man in short skirt advancing to right, carrying a
haunch of beef: sSsHDHmw-kAPHn . . . , scribe, inspector
of funerary priests, Pehen . . . .
(4 b) Man in short skirt advancing to right, carrying a
haunch of beef: s S imy-rp r . .. s, scribe,
steward
(4 c) Man in short skirt advancing to right, carrying a
haunch of beef: (incomplete) sS, scribe.
(4 d) Two men cutting up an ox : a standing man facing
left at head of ox and a second man facing right leaning
over the carcass with a knife. Over the scene: iri r.k wn,
do it quickly.

(4 e) Standing man facing left with a large pot on his

left arm: iri(.i)di(.i) xpt, I act, I make haste.
(4 f ) A man facing right leaning over a carcass(?) on
the ground with a knife in his hand (only preserved in
part): iry(.i) rHst.k, and,b e l o w , dmi, I do it to your
satisfaction, and sharpening.
(4g) A man facing left leaning over (lower part
missing): di n.(i) iwf, give the meat to me.
West Wall, Niche
Stela at center of west wall (pls. XXIX-XXX; figs. 40).
A large stela painted to imitate red granite under a
cavetto cornice, framed in a torus moulding, with below
a rock-cut half-length engaged statue of Idu, the hands
extended forward, palm up, to receive the offerings on
the offering table lying on the floor below.
( I ) Horizontal inscription at top reading right to left,
within the mouldings:HtpdinswtHtpdiInpwpr-xrw
(tHnqtpAt)n imAxwIdw, an offering which the king gives
and an offering which Anubis gives, that an invocation
offering (bread, beer, cakes) come forth for the wellprovided Idu.
(2) Tablet in the center, below ( I ) : at either side a
seated figure of Idu, each facing in. In the center a table of
bread, beneath which, on either side, is inscribed dbHt
Htpt funerary offerings. Above the table of bread,
vertically: pr(t)-xrw(t HnqtpAt) n: an invocation offering
of (bread, beer, cakes) for. At the top, flanking the foregoing, two parallel inscriptions, reading out from the
center:imAxwsSanswtIdw: the well-provided kings
letter scribe Idu.
(3) Vertical inscription at right, within the frame of the
stela: i m y - r wpt Htp-nTrm prwyIdw, overseer of the
distribution of divine offerings in the two houses, Idu.
(4) Vertical inscription at left of (2) within the frame:
sSanswtxftHrimy-rsSmrtIdw, kings letter scribe in the
presence, overseer of the scribes of the meret-serfs, Idu.
(5) Horizontal inscription reading right to left below
(2) and between (3) and (4).Xrytpnswtmdwrxytiwn
knmwt Idw, he who is at the head of the king, staff of the
rekhyet-people, pillar of Kenmet, Idw.
(6) Below (5) at right facing left vertical inscription:
X r y tp n s w t Idw, he who is at the head of the king, Idw.
(7) Below (5) at left, facing right, vertical incription,
(6).
same
as
(8) In center, below (5): Idw, Idu.
At either side of the niche are vertical panels, curved at
fig. 40).
the top, with jars of the traditional oils (pl. XXX;
On the left seven registers as follows: (1) sTy HAb with
a .stoppered
jug between two cylindrical jars; (2)Hknw,
. . s.
with two ovoid jars; (3) sfT, with a jar between two
cylindrical jars; (4) nHnm, with a single handled jar
between two similar jars without handle;(5)twAwt, with
a jar with bulbous neck and two spouts between stoppered tall ovoid jars; (6) HAtt nt aS, with a jar between two
ovoid tall jars; and (7)HAtt ntTHnw, with three jars. On

27

the right the same set of traditional sacred oils are

(1)
sTy
HAb,
three jars,
represented with their containers:
the one in the center with a longer neck;(2)Hknw, with a
stoppered jar between two slightly taller jars with lug
handles;(3)sfT, with a stoppered long necked jar between
two cylindrical jars tapering to the base; (4)nXnm, with
jars as in the opposite panel;(5)twawt, with a cylindrical
tapered jar between two ovoid jars; (6) hAtt nt aS, with an
ovoid cylindrical jar between two hs-type jars; and (7)
hAtt nt THnw,withaHs-type jar between two stoppered
jars. The panels on both sides are placed between borders
with 3-stripe spacers.
West Wall, North of Niche
Northern section of west wall to right of stela (pls.
XXXI-XXXIII; fig. 41). The wall surface is occupied by a
seated figure of Idu facing right before an offering table,
a text along the top of the wall reading from left to right,
a large offering list opposite Idu with 101compartments
and an offering formula in the 102nd, and piles of offerings below the list. In addition there is a register of offering bearers facing left toward Idu below this scene and a
horizontal line of text above the bearers. Subsequent to
the carving of the wall surface a narrow stela was cut
in the northern part of the wall through the pile of
offerings, the horizontal line of text, and the procession of
bearers.
Horizontal text at the top of the wall, reading from left
to right: HtpdinswtHtp diInpwtpy Dw.f xnty sH-nTr imy
w t n b tADsrprxrw(tHnqtpAt)n.fmAbd. ..nt mRkHprt
M n w m wptrnpt m tpyrnptm H r t h r w ran b ni m A x w Idw,
a boon which the king gives, and a boon which Anubis
gives, he who is on his hill, foremost of the divine booth,
he who is in Wet, lord of the necropolis : that an invocation offering (bread, beer, cakes) come forth for him on
the monthly festival and half month festival, on the
festival of Rokeh, the procession of Min, at the opening
of the year and the first of the year and throughout the
course of every day, for the well-provided Idu.
Text above seated figure in five columns and three
horizontal lines facing right: (1)Xnty-SPpy-mn-nfr, (2)
sHD wabw Axt-Xwfw, (3) sHD wabw Wr-Xa.f-Ra (4) Xry tp
nswtimy-rwptHtpt-nTr,(5)imAxwxrnTraAnbpt,(6)sSa
nswt xftHr imy-r sSw mrt, (7)imAxw (8)Idw, (1)tenantfarmer of Pepy-mennefer, (2) inspector of weeb-priests of
Akhet-Khufu, (3) inspector of weeb priests of WerKhafre, (4) he who is at the head of the king, overseer of
the distribution of divine offerings, (5) one well-provided
before the great god, lord of the heavens, (6) kings letter
scribe in the presence, overseer of the scribes of the
meret-serfs, (7) the well-provided, (8) Idu.
Text below chair with figure of wife:Hmt.fmrt.f Mrt-it.s,
His beloved wife, Meretyotes.
Idu is seated on a chair with lions feet terminals (rear
legs only shown) and a low back rest.
He
wears a curled
wig reaching to the back of the neck, a broad collar, and

28

short skirt. His right hand is extended to the table of

offering breads and his left crossed over his breast. Below
the chair sits his wife facing in the same direction and
wearing a long white dress with shoulder straps, a broad
collar, bracelets and anklets, and a streamer falling from
her fillet. Her right hand rests on her lap and her left
passes behind Idus leg with the fingers shown clasping
his right leg. The execution of this section of the wall,
particularly in the faces of Idu and his wife, is of the
highest quality. Idus eye is large and the oval carefully
cut. Beneath the table on the left are a stand with vessels
and a basin with a ewer on a tray; on the right are nine
thousand signs followed by the offerings designated as
bread, beer, cakes, cattle, fowl, clothing, linen, ox(?),
and gazelle, and below this section an offering stand with
three stoppered hes-vessels. In the extensive pile of
offerings to the right of the table, one should note the
trussed duck with its neck twisted in relief and painted
details added to the wings. The twisted ducks neck in
relief also occurs in the scene on the left of the stela niche.
It is curious that a narrow stela niche has been added
as an afterthought and thereby has destroyed a section of
the wall relief. It is lined up with the center of the offering
block in front of it. Evidentally two offering slabs were
deemed requisite for the cult, one in front of the engaged
statue of Idu and a second to its north, perhaps for Idus
wifes offerings. Either the slab was placed in position on
the north and the narrow false door cut above it, or the
false door was cut and the slab centered on it; the latter
is more likely, with the spacer block specially cut between
the offering s l a b s .
Horizontal line of text above lower register, left to
right: intn D t - H r r n p t n b t xt nb(t) nfrtinm s w . f (here an
interruptive caption to a figure) [...]rmT nw D t . f n
imAxwxrnTraAIdw, bringing gifts of all fresh produce
and all good things by his children (caption to figure)
[false door lacuna] the men of his estate, to the one wellprovided before the great god, Idu. Vertical text at left
end of register:sxpt sptxpSApdw[. ..], bringing choice
offerings, haunches, fowl, [. . . ].The first four bearers
are evidently sons of Idu, as they are beneath the text so
designating them. The first and second bring fowl, while
the offerings of the third and fourth are now lacking. The
first is designated as:[imy-r]pr, sHD [Hmw-kA]Idw, the
steward, inspector of [funerary priests] Idu. There may
have been some alteration in the text on the plaster at
this point. The second is the imy-rprQAr, the steward
Qar. The third has only part of the title imy-r pr,
steward, preserved with the name missing. The fourth
has the titles sHD Hmw-kA sS, inspector of funerarypriests, scribe, with the name also missing. At this point
the false door cutting has destroyed a portion of the
46. Northern offering table: l.1.11
m., w. at side: 0.245 m., w. at
center: 0.51 m., thickness: 0.14m. Spacer block: l.0.51 m., w. 0.245 m.,
thickness 0.15m. Southern offering table (in front of statue): l.0.96 m.,
w. at side: 0.25 m., w. at center: 0.51 m., thickness 0.15 m.

relief and text. A single bearer is missing; presumably he

belongs to a group of three, not necessarily sons of Idu, of
whom the preserved second and third bear trays of
offerings in front of and behind them with vegetables
hung over their right elbows and bags on handles over
their left elbows. For Dt.f, probably read pr Dt.f, his
estate, in the horizontal band of text. Of the captions
near the mens feet, the second (first preserved) of the
group has the title Hm-kA, funerary priest, and the
remains of a name, while the last has only traces of a few
hieroglyphs of the name.

Associated Shafts and Burial Chambers

Seven shafts are provided with 7102 designations. Of
these A-E lie between 7101 and 7102 but within the
presumed area of 7102. 7102 C is the main burial with
the sarcophagus of Idu. 7102 A and B are later but probably of the same family, although they lie beneath the
presumed line of the west wall of the superstructure
mastaba. 7102 D and E are subsidiary to 7102 C, and
hence part of the complex. 7102 F is outlying to the northwest and clearly intrusive. 7102 G in the north wall of the
middle level court is assumed to belong to a member of
the family.
7102 A. The shaft measures 1.13 x 1.20 m., - 3.25 m.
in rock, lined above with crude brick an additional 2.75 m.
With two chambers. N o . 1 at-1 . 4 7 in rock, type 6 a(2),
area 1.85 sq. m.,
on east: 1.95 m. x 95 m. x .70 m. high;
capacity 1.29 cu. m. Found open and empty. No. 2, at
bottom of shaft, on east, type 6 a(2): 2.25 m. x 1.76 m. x
I m. high; area 3.96 sq. m., capacity 3.96 cu. m. Found
open and plundered. Brick lining 38 x 11
cm.
No
objects
in shafts except for fragment of relief listed below, and
fragments of jar of indeterminate shape.
7102 B. North of 7102 A and west of 7102 D-E. The
shaft measures I x I m., - 1.95 m. in rock, with an
additional crude brick lining above for 2.60 m. Chamber
of type 6 a(2), on east, extending to south, measuring
2.35 m. x .75 m. x 1 . 1 m. high, area 1.15 sq. m., capacity
1.26 cu. m. Burial : remains of decayed wooden coffin,
skeleton scattered; body on west side of chamber.
7 102 C. Burial of Idu. The larger shaft is 8.05 m. deep,
- 5.71 m. in rock and lined above 2.34 m. in rubble, and
measures an average of 1.72 m. square. The chamber,
type 6 b(1), opens to the south and is extended to the
west. It measures 3.31 m. (E) - 3.73 m. (W) x 2.88m. x
2.16 m. high, area 10.13sq. m., capacity 21.98 cu. m. The
chamber contained a rough-dressed limestone sarcophagus with a broken lid. To the west of the sarcophagus
in the extension were two skeletons of intrusive burials.
They are oriented north-south with heads to the north,
both flat on their backs, resting on debris reaching almost
to the top of the sarcophagus. On the inside of the east
side of the sarcophagus is a line of text reading from left
to right (fig. 12 b): Htp di nswt Htp diInpwxnty sH-nTrqrs

n sS aw nswtxft-Hr imy-r sSw mrt Idw, an offering which

the king gives and an offering which Anubis, foremost of
the divine booth gives: a burial (sarcophagus) for the
kings document scribe in the presence, overseer of the
meret-serfs, Idu. The outer dimensions of the sarcophagus are 3.20m. long by 1.44m. wide by 1.08m.
high, and on the interior 2.20 m. long by .67 m. wide by
.70 m. deep. Among the contents of the shaft listed are
model chisels, a flint blade, and RBW dishes and bowl
fragments.
7102 D. North of 7102 C, the designation covers two
shafts bonded together with a roofed chamber in the
northern shaft and a small underlying older grave
between C and D. Measurements: 1.15 m. x 1.20 m.;
lined above with crude brick for an additional 1.02 m.
Chamber of type 8 a(1)in similar shaft to north. Measurements: 1.20 m. x 1.15 m. x .70 m. high, area 1.38 sq. m.,
capacity only .96 cu. m. Roof broken, found empty and
plundered. Second chamber of underlying older grave,
in rock, between shafts C and D. A small pit grave: .50 m.
x .70 m. x .16 m. deep, with remains of crude brick
shaft. Remains of small wooden box.
7102 E. North of 7102 D and bonded with it. Measure- 2.30
m. on east and 3.35 m.
ments: 1.45 m. x 1.50m.;
to bottom of burial pit. Lined above with crude brick for
1.50 m., resting on rubble lining 2.25 m., total lining
3.75 m. Chamber of type 6 a(2) on the west, measurements : 2.84 m. x 1.25 m. x 1.12 m. high, area 3.55 sq. m.,
capacity 3.97 cu. m. The floor slopes irregularly from the
east side of shaft to the edge of the burial pit, the edge
battered. Burial pit along west side of chamber: 2.35 m. x
.75 m. x .30 m. high. No trace of blocking or remains of
skeleton. Various objects listed, including parts of
inscribed jamb assigned to G 7.102, and top of headrest
in burial chamber.
7101 F. Outlying to northwest of shaft E and north of
northeast corner of G 7101. Measurements: 1.15m. x
1.12 m. x - 1.75 m. on east and 2.35 m. on west, lined
above with crude brick for .45 m., resting on rubble
lining for 2.10 m. Chamber of type 6 a(2) on west.
Measurements : 1.85 m. x .90 m. (irregular) x 1.25 m.
high, area 1.66 sq. m., capacity 2.07 cu. m. Found open
and plundered.
7102 G. In thickness of northern crude brick wall of
middle level court of G 7102. Measurements: 1.05x
1.00m. x -4.65 m. in rock, lined above with crude
brick for 1.43 m. Chamber of type 5 a(1), irregular, on
west: 1.70 m. x 1.30 m. x I m. high, area 2.21 sq. m.,
capacity 2.21 cu. m. Passage : 1.70 (north-south) x .40 m.
(east-west). Found open and plundered. Chamber had a
small copper mirror with handle tang (see list below).

Register of 0bjects -

G 7102

G 7102
From outer courtyard:
25-1-758. Scarab, green glazed steatite, l.1.1, h. .5, w. 7.

29

Debris in outer courtyard of chapel:

25-1-683.Two fitting fragments of an alabaster finger ring, d. 2.2, w. .4.
25-1-684. Six disc beads, faience, d. 1.6, th. 1.5.
25- I -685. Lid of small faiencejar, d. 3.4, th. I . I .
25-1-686. Part of pedestal (or jar?), faience, hard baked with blue core,
h. 2.3, w. 5.7. Joins 24-12-919 from G 7310 B.
25-1-687. End of a copper drill, 1. 2.7, d. .9 (.2 x .15near point).
25-1-688. Frag. of copper drill.
25-1-689. Frag. of faience bowl. 6.7 x 5.5.
25-1-690. Four frags. from an alabaster statue showing skirt texture,
(a) 8.1 x 6.7, (b) 3.5 x 7.4.
25-1-691.Several frags. of statue, translucent diorite, showing smooth
sides. The two largest: (a) 18.5 x 14.7, (b) 6.2 x 2.2.
25-1-692. Frag. of 1st. wall relief bearing unidentifiable sunk relief,
I 1.8 x 8.0.
25-1-693. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, bearing unidentifiable lines,
I 1.9 x 7.4.
25-1-694. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, with vertical inscription
...SmawtA mHw....At left, a nearly vertical raised line leaning slightly
left, perhaps a portion of a staff of standing figure facing right. 23 x 16.5.
25-1-695. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, showing bottom line of
register with human foot facing right. 21 x 38.
25-1-696. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, with bovine front leg facing
right on line of lower register, beneath which is raised letter r. 10.2 x 9.5.
25-1-697. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, raised, with unidentifiable subject.
17.1 x 6.1.
25-1-739. Base frag. of alabaster bowl, h. 1.5, d. 5.7.
25-1-740. Faience cylinder bead, 1. 1.7, d. .5.
25-1-741.Four disc beads, faience, l.1 . 4 d. 1.5.
25-1-742. Faience amulet fragment, torso of standing god, h. 1.4.
25-1-743. Carnelian earring with bevelled edge, d. 1.4, th. .4.
25-1-744.RBW pottery dish, pebble polished, with flaring mouth, in
fragments, and fragments of three more, h. 9.9, d.m. 25.2, db. 6.2 (cf.
GN 11, Fig. 75,80, Cairo No. 67688).
25-1-745.Three rim frags. of RW pottery bowl with outer lip. 8.1 x 7.2.
25-1-746. Small RW pottery jar in frags. h. 16.3,d.m. 4.4 (cf. GN II,
Fig. 58, 34-4-8).

G 7102 A, pit
25-1-312. Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised, bearing sunk inscription in
two columns. On left:. . . Hmn n b .. ., and on right [imy-rsS]n aprw....
32 x 19. This piece may be a part of the same inscription as 25-1-119,
25-1-122, 25-1-123,and 25-1-124.
25-1-428. Frags. of large pottery jar of indeterminate shape.

G 7102 C (Burial of Idu):

In the doorway of-chamber:
25-1-436.Two broad model adzes of copper :(a) 1.8.I , w. 1.6 at cutting
edge, 1 . 1 at butt, (b) 1.8.2, w. 1.6each
25-1-437. Two model chisels of copper showing traces of cloth on
underside: (a) l. 7.8, W.cutting edge .8, at butt 1.0,(b) 1. 7.7, w. cutting
edge .9, at butt 1 . 1 .
Debris in chamber:
25-1-648. Large RP bent sided bowl, pebble polished, 1. 12.1, d. 33.0.
Type C-XXX a.
25-1-649. Large RP bowl, pebble polished, broken, and frags. of
another, h. 8.6, d. 30.1.Type C-LXI.
25- I -650. Large RP dish, pebble polished, in fragments, h. 8.5, d. 40. I .
Type C-LIII A C1.
25-1-651. Rim frag. of RP bowl, pebble polished. Similar 25-1-650.
to
7.5 x 6.0. Same type.
25-1-652. Rim frags. of RBW bowl with inner lip, pebble polished.
6.0 x 8.5.
25-1-653. Flint blade, with pointed end and rounded butt, 1.7.8,w. 1.2.

30

From area about two metres east of pit C, nearly over chapel :
25-1-587. Four frags. of head of life size statue of king with triple
pleated wig and a falcon behind, similar to Chephren statue in Cairo.
(a) 15.3 x 13.5, (b) 21.2 x 13.9, (c) 18.2 x 17.0. Smith, HESPOK, p. 20,
pl. V a. See pl. XIV d ; fig. 43.
G 7102 D, chamber:
25-1-110. Large steatite(?) cylinder bead, 1. 3.7, d. .6.
25-1-111. Two steatite(?) cylinder beads. (a) 1.8 x .5, (b) 1.7 x .5.
G 7102 E, pit:
25-1-118,25-1-121, 25-1-122a and b, 25-1-123, and 25-1-124. Six
fitting fragments of 1st. wall relief from the corner of a door jamb described above, pl. XXXIV a, b ; fig. 42. 70 x 60.
25-1-119.Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised, showing vertical column of
finely carved signs (facing right), reading imy-rHwtwrt6mAat. Probably
a part of the same relief as the previous. 46 x IO. See pl. XXXIV a ;fig. 42.
25-1-120.Frag. of 1st. wall relief, incised(?),bearing part of an offering
list in vertical inscription at left, reading
. . . xA
. . . xA
Hnqt
t,and on right
the top part of a vertical column reading Ht-xw.ffacingleft. 16.5 x 22.5.

G 7102 E, chamber:
25-1-127.Top part of an al. headrest, broken, 1. 12.3,w. 8.2, th. 2.6.
G 7102 F, outside pi?:
25-1-95. Two fitting fragments from an al. statue, part unidentifiable.
10.6 x 8.5.
25-1-96.Frag. from an al. statue, part unidentifiable. 13 x 7.1.

G 7102 G, burial chamber:

25-1-756. Small copper mirror with handle tang, h. 12.1,w. I 1.4,th. .3.

Titles of Idu
iwn knmwt, pillar of Kenmet. Facade; right jamb;
stela, west wall southern section, 1.
imy-r wptHtp-nTrmprwy, overseer of the distribution
of offerings in the two houses. Facade; east wall E,
south wall; stela; west wall northern section. Helck,
Beamtentiteln, 81-82, regards wpt here as mission, or
examination, inspection. South wall omits mprwy.
imy-r H w t wrt, overseer of the great chapel. South
wall. Helck, Beamtentiteln, 73, regards the title as a
judicial one, overseer of the great hall of justice.
imy-r sSw mrt, overseer of the meret-serfs. Facade;
east wall B, D, E, F, G;west wall, south section
left jamb;
I, 3 ; west wall, north section;
stela; sarcophagus. The
mrt appear to be agricultural laborers, and the term in the
Old Kingdom seems to be restricted mainly to Occurrences in titles : Abd el Mohsen Bakir, Slavery in Pharaonic Egypt, 22-25. This is one of the main titles of Idu.
wDamdw, determiner of disputes. West wall, southern
section, I. See wDa mdw mHwt wrt, Helck, Beamtentiteln,
74, as well as ldus related titles smAawdDamdwand
Hry sStA m wDa mdwt.
mdwrxyt, staff of the rekhyet-people. Facade ; right
jamb; south wall; west wall, southern section, 1; stela.
Helck places the title in a judicial context, Beamtentiteln,
74.
Hm-nTrMAat, priest of Maat. Facade. Similarly
placed by Helck, op. cit., in a judicial context.

Hwt-wrt
6mAa.
Blocks
25-1-118through 124.PI. XXXIV a,
Hry sStAn wDamdwt, counsellor in determining disputes. Facade. Similarly placed by Helck, op. cit., in a
b ; fig. 42.
(3) Idu. sAb,sS. See west wall, southern section, 2 b.
judicial context.
An Idu, not specifically identified as a son, bears the titles
xnty-SMn-nfr-Ppy, tenantfarmer of Mennefer-Pepy.
imy-r pr andsHD[Hmw-kA] on the west wall, northern
West wall, northern section; east wall C. The name
section; the heading refers to msw.f, his children.
reflects service in the pyramid town of Pepy I. See
(4) Hemi. No title, south wall a. In an earlier copy of
Gauthier, Dict. geog. III, 38-39.
Xry tpnswt, he who is at the head of the king. Facade; the wall, the name was read as Nmi. The son is shown in
right jamb;
east wall D; south wall;
stela, west wall; the stick(!)-thrusting game with the son named Qar.
Daughters : Bendjet and Iry.
north and south sections. On the meaning of the title, see
( I ) Bendjet. No title, south wall b, as the leading
Junker, Giza
VII,
200-201.
dancer. See comments under description of the scene for
smAawDamdw, he who makes right the determination
the occurrence of this name as a sister of the Qar of
of disputes. South wall, west wall, southern section, I .
G 7101 (pl. X b ; fig. 26 b) and the name with titles on the
Note the related titles of Idu with similar judicial conwall of a pit in the vicinity of G 7215. If Idus daughter
text:wDa mdw and Hry sStA m wDamdwt.
sHD wabw Axt-Xwfw, inspector of the weeb-priest of
Bendjet is the same lady as Qars sister Bendjet, Idu of
G 7102 is the father of Qar of G 7102. Qar, however, is
Akhet-Khufu. East wall F ; west wall, northern section.
the son of Khenut and not of the wife of Idu shown in
This is Idus only title in connection with the great
Idus tomb, namely Meretyotes.
pyramid priesthood.
sHDwabwWr-Xa.f-Ra, inspector of the weeb-priests of
(2) Iry. No title, south wall d, as the first harp player.
Wer-Khafre. West wall, northern section. This is Idus
Granddaughter : Iry, no title, south wall d, as daughter
of the preceding Iry.
only title in connection with the priesthood of the second
pyramid.
sSanswt, kings document scribe. Right jamb; east
wall F; stela. The title should be considered either as an
Dependents of Idu
abbreviation of the following or a lower rank from which
(1)In-di.fiyn.(i),imy-rpr, west wall, southern section,
Idu was promoted to the following title.
2 c.
sSanswtxftHr, kings document scribe in the pres(2) Isi, sS, south wall C. Perhaps a better reading is Hsi,
ence. Facade; left jamb; east wall A, B, C, D, G ; west
wall, southern section, I , 3;west wall, northern section; although the first sign looks like the Sn sign (Sign List
V 7) in the photograph.
stela; sarcophagus. With imy-r sSw mrt, this title is the
(3)Idw,Hm-kA, imy xt, west wall, southern section, 2 e.
most frequently used in the chapel.
(4) Idw, no title, west wall, southern section, 3 a, b.
sSmrt, scribe of the meret-serfs. East wall A. The
Perhaps to be identified with preceding or Idus son of
title is presumably a stage below the frequently cited
this name.
imy-rsSw mrt. The same (?) Idu has this title in Posener(5)anxn.f Hm-kA, west wall, southern section, 3 c.
Krieger and Cenival, The Abu Sir Papyri, pl. 6 8 ;
(6)PHn-[...],sS,sHDHmw-kA, west wall, southern section,
Grdseloff, ASAE 42 (1943)117, fig. 21. The papyrus
4 a. On reconsideration the name would seem to be
document thus reflects an early stage in his career.

PH.nwikA.iorevenPH.n-PtH.
Family of Idu

Wife : Meretyotes (Hmt.fmrt.f). West wall, southern

section, 1;west wall, northern section.
Sons: Qar, Idu, and Hemi.
(1)Qar.sAb,sS,sHDsSw. See left jamb; east wall B;
west wall, southern section, 2a. A Qar, not specifically
identified as a son, bear the title imy-r pr on the west wall,
northern section;the heading refers to msw.f, his
children. Possibly owner of stela from G 7432.
(2) Qar. The same or another son(?),relationship not
indicated, from fragments assigned to jamb of western
chamber off middle level court: [imy]-r wpt Htp-nTr m
prwy, [imy-r] X n w , X r y tp n s w t imy-r sSwn aprw, imy-r

(7) Ny-Xty,wdpw, south wall f. Perhaps to be identified

with the following.
(8) Ny-Xty, imy-r pr, south wall f. Perhaps the same as
the preceding.
(9)Nfr-mnxt,Hst, south wall e. The name appears to
have been erased.
(10) Nxt,sS, i m y - r pr, west wall, southern section, 2 d.
(11)QAr,wdpw, south wall e.
(12) Tidwi(?),wdpw, south wall e.
Names lost: sS, imy-r pr, west wall, southern section,
4 a;sS, west wall, southern section, 4 c;Hm-ka, west wall,
northern section; son(?), imy-r pr, west wall, northern
section; son(?), sHD Hmw-kA, sS, west wall, northern
section.

31

[Plate I.]

a. Site of mastabas, looking southwest. Qar on right center,

Idu to left. Mastaba of Kawab (G7110-7120) center rear.
Subsidiary pyramid Ib in right background

[PlateII.]

a. Mastaba complex of Qar, looking south. Descending

stairs, serdab beneath measuring stake, shaft G7101 M
to rear of measuring stake

b. Qar, looking north. Court C in foreground, upper stairs top left

[PlateIII.]

a. Qar, looking southeast

b. Qar, looking northwest

[Plate IV.]

a. Qar, relief assigned to west wall of corridor, middle landingofstairs.25-5-44;MFA27.1134

c. Qar, relief in situ, south wall of corridor above doorway to Court C

b. Qar, relief in situ, east wall of corridor, lower landing of stairs

[PlateV.]

a.Qar,reliefassignedtoupperstairs.25-5-47,6;MFA27.1130

c. Qar, relief, stairs(?), 25-5-57; Boston

b. Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, north wall. 23-5-45 ; Boston

d.Qar,reliefblock,stairs(?);25-5-59

f. Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, south wall, right end. 25-5-46 ; Boston

e.Qar,reliefofboatmen,stairs(?).25-5-5;MFA27.1129

g. Qar, relief assigned to lower stairs, south wall. 25-5-48; Boston

[Plate VI.]

a. Qar, Court C, looking south, statue niche on left

b. Qar, Court C, looking south ;south wall with chamber D beyond

[Plate VII.]

a. Qar, Court C, north wall with procession scene and doorway from corridor

b. Detail of scene above doorway

a, b, c. Qar, Court C, north wall with Qar seated before

offerings (above) and procession with sarcophagus (below)

[PlateVIII.b.]

a, b, c. Qar, Court C, north wall with Qar seated before

offerings (above) and procession with sarcophagus (below)

[PlateIX.]

a. Qar, Court C, west wall, relief block in situ

c. Qar, Court C, architrave support,

d. Qar, Court C, architrave support,

west jamb, west face

east jamb, east face

b. Qar, Court C, east wall, statue in niche

e. Qar, Court C, central pillar,

f. Qar, Court C, central pillar,

east face (on left)

north face (on right)

[Plate X.]

a. Qar, Room D, central pillar, north face

b. Qar, Room D, north wall, east end

[Plate XI.]

a. Qar, Room D, south wall with statues in niche and text above

b. Qar, Room D, east wall with doorway to Room F

c. Qar, Room D, west wall with entrance to Room E

[Plate XII.]

a. Qar, Room D, west wall, left(south) side

c. Qar, Room E, east wall, left (north) side

b. Qar, Room D, west wall, right (north) side

d. Qar, Room E, east wall, right (south) side

[Plate XIII.]

a. Qar, Room E, north wall, left (west) side

Qar,
b.
Room E, north wall, right (east) side

c . Qar, Room E, south wall, left (east) side

d. Qar, Room E, south wall, right (west) side

[Plate XIV.]

a. Qar, Room E, west wall, stela

c. Qar, Room E, west wall, right of stela

b. Qar, Room E, west wall, left of stela

d. Fragment of head of alabaster statue ofCheops(?) with

falcon at rear

[Plate XV.]

a. Idu, vestibule with architrave as found, looking south on street 7100

b. Idu, lower level court (vestibule), with architrave, looking south

c. Idu, lower level court (vestibule),architrave

[Plate XVI.]

a. Idu, lower level court, east wall, steps, obelisk

d. Idu, north jamb, entrance to offering chamber

b. Idu, lower level court, west wall, obelisk, serdab slot.

Bricks on right are modern

c. Idu, middle level court, with western chamber on right

e. Idu, south jamb, entrance to offering chamber

[Plate XVII.]

a. Idu, architrave, left side

b. Idu, architrave, right side

[Plate XVIII.]

a. Idu, north wall complete

b. Idu, north wall, top (tympanum)

[Plate XIX.]

a. Idu, north wall, panels right of entrance, top

b. Idu, north wall, panels right of entrance, bottom, and

east wall to right

[PlateXX.]

c.Idun,orthwalp, nelsftoenracbeo,t m

b.Idu,nortwhal,panelsftoenrace,nter

a.Idun,orthwalp,nelsftonracet,op

[PlateXXI.]

c. Idu, east wall, north section, detail

a. Idu, east wall, north section

d. Idu, east wall, statues north to south

b. Idu, east wall, central and south section

e. Idu, east wall, statues north to south

[PlateXXII.]

a. Idu, east wall, statue of Qar

c. Idu, east wall, statue 3

b. Idu, east wall, statue

d. Idu, east wall, statue 4

[PlateXXIII.]

a. Idu, east wall, statue 5

c . Idu, east wall, south panel, top

b. Idu, east wall, statue 6

d. Idu, east wall, south panel, bottom

[PlateXXV.]

a. Idu, south wall, top right section

b. Idu, south wall, registers 5, 6, 7 (right)

[Plate XXVI.]

a. Idu, south wall, left, registers 4, 5, 6, 7-

b. Idu, south wall, right, registers 4 5, 6, 7

b.Idu,westal,eftoniche,topright

a.Idu,westal,eftoniche,topleft

[Plate XXVIII.]

a. Idu, west wall, left of niche, top right

b. Idu, west wall, left of niche, middle right

c . Idu, west wall, Ieft of niche. bottom right

[PlateXXIX.]

a. Idu, west wall, niche with statue

c. Idu, west wall, offering slabs in front of niche and secondary niche

b. Idu, west waIl, niche, looking southwest

d. Idu, west wall, niche, false door tablet, detail

[PlateXXX.]

a. Idu, west wall, south side of niche, top

c. Idu, west wall, north side of niche, top

b. Idu, west wall, south side of niche, center

d. Idu, west wall, north side of niche, bottom

[PlateXXXI.]

a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, top left

b. Idu, west wall, right of niche, left section, lower part

[Plate XXXII.]

a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, top left

b. Idu, west wall, right of niche, offering list

[Plate XXXIII.]

a. Idu, west wall, right of niche, right end with secondary niche

b. Idu, west wall, right of niche, right end with secondary niche, bottom part

[Plate
XXXIV.]

a. Comer block, left side from pit of G 7102 E, with

representation of Idus [son] Qar; small fragment
with titles from same location

c.Blockfoundnorthofpyramid1a(24-12-135);
Nakhti, perhaps Qars brother

b. Comer block, right side, with titles

d. Block possibly from Qar and Idu complex

Figure1.a.PlanofareanorthofG7110-7120;Qar(G7101)andIdu(G7102)

Figure1.b.PlanofareanorthofG7110-7120;Qar(G7101)andIdu(G7102)

Figure2.Qar(G710 ).SectionfromAtoB

Figure 3. Qar (G 7101).

Section from west to east looking south
Section from south to north looking west

Figure 4. Qar (G 7101). Section from east to west looking south

Figure5.Qar(G7101).SectionsofpitsG7101AtoL to L

Figure 6. Qar (G 7101).Section and elevation of Qar burial (G 7 1 0 1 M)

Figure 7. Qar (G 7 1 0 1 ) .Walls of burial chamber of Qar (G 7101 M)

Figure 8. Qar (G 7101). Sections of pits G 7101 N to Z

Figure 9. Qar (G 7101).

a. Reliefof Nakhtifromnorthofpyramid 1 a
b. Burial chamber of Nakhti, walls and sarcophagus lid (G 7 1 0 1B)

Figure10.Idu(G7102).

Section from A toF

Sectionfr msouthon rthlo kingwest

Figure11.Idu(G7102).
Section from north to south looking east
Section from east to west looking south

Figure 12. Idu (G 7102).

Idu false door of stela with statue
Text on inside of sarcophagus of Idu (G 7102C)

Figure 13. Idu (G 7102). Burial chamber of Idu. Section and plan (G 7 1 0 2 C)

Figure14.Idu(G7102).SectionsandplansofG7102A,B,D,E,F,G

Figure15.a.
Qar
(G
7101).
Reconstruction

of upper

stairway,

east

wall

Figure15.b.Qar(G7101).Reconstructionofupperstairway,eastwall

Figure
16.a.
Qar
(G7101).

Reconstruction

of lower stairway,

north wall

Figure16.b.Qar(G 7101). Reconstruction of lower stairway, north wall

Figure17.a.Qar(G7101).Reconstruction of

Figure17.b.Qar(G7101).Reconstructionoflowerstairway,eastandsouthwalls

Figure 18. Qar (G 7101).

a. Block assigned to middle landing. 25-5-47 MFA 27.1134
b. Block assigned to upper stairway, east wall. 25-5-47 MFA 27.1130

Figure 19.a. Qar (G 7101).

a. Block assigned to lower stairway, south wall.
b. Block assigned to lower stairway, south wall.
c.Setoffourblocksfromboatscene,twounnumbered,25-5-59and
25-5-5 (MFA 27.1129)
d. Block assigned to lower stairways, north wall
e. Block with sunshades, unnumbered, Boston
f. Block with sunshades, 25-5-32 Boston
g. Block with sunshade, unnumbered, Boston

Figure19.b.Qar(G7101).
to lower stairway, south wall. 25-5-48 Boston
to lower stairway, south wall. 25-5-46 Boston
r blocks from boat scene, two unnumbered,
and
[FA 27.1129)
to lower stairways, north wall. 25-5-45 Boston
h sunshades, unnumbered, Boston
sunshades, 25-5-32 Boston
sunshade, unnumbered, Boston

0 CM. Figure 20.a Qar(G7101). Court C,southwal, archtrave

Figure
20.b.
Qar
(G
7101).
Court
C,

south wall, architrave.

Figure 20.c Qar(G710 ). CourtC,south wal ,architrave

Fig

Figure
21.b.
Qar
(G 7101).

Court

C,

south wall, pillar and jambs

id jambs

Figure 22. Qar (G 7101).

a. Court C, north wall, lintel
b. Room D, south wall, text over statues

25 CM.Figure 23.a Qar(G710 ). Court C,northwal , up er half

Figure23.b.Qar(G7101).CourtC,northwall,upperhalf

Figure23.c.Qar(G7101).CourtC,northwall,upperhalf

Figure23.d Qar(G710).CourtC,northwal,uperhalf

CM.Figure24.aQr(G710).CourtC,northwal,owerhalf

Figure 24.b.Qar (G7101). CourtC, northwall,lower half

Figure24.c.Qar(G7101).CourtC,northwall,lowerhalf

Figure24.d.Qar(G7101).CourtC,northwal ,lowerhalf

25

CM.Figure 25.a Qar(G710 ). Court C,west wal ,block insitu

Figure 25.b. Qar (G 7101). Court C, west wall, block in situ

Figure25.c.Qar(G7101).CourtC,westwall,blockinsitu

Figure25.dQar(G710 ).CourtC,westwal,bockinstu

Figure 26. Qar (G 7101). Room D.

a . Left: south face of pillar between Court C and Room D
b. Right: north wall east of pillar

Figure 27. Qar (G 7101). Room D. East wall

Figure28.a.Qar(G7101).RoomD.Westwall

Figure28.b.Qar(G7101).RoomD.Westwall

Figure29.a.Qar(G7101).RoomE.Eastwall

Figure29.b.Qar(G7101).RoomE.Eastwall

Figure 30.a.Qar(G 7101). Room E.North wall

Figure30.b.Qar(G7101).RoomE.Northwall

Figure31.a.Qar(G7101).RoomE.SouthWall

Figure31.b.Qar (G 7101). Room E. Southwall

Figure32.a.Qar(G7101).RoomE.Westwall

Figure 32.b. Qar (G 7101). Room E. West wall

20
CM.Figure33.a.Idu(G7102).Architrave

Figure33.b.Idu(G7102).Architrave

Figure33.c.Idu(G7102).Architrave

Figure3.dIu(G7102).Architrave

Figure 34. Idu (G 7102). Left and right jambs

Figure35.aIdu(G7102).Northwal,boveandtsieofntrace

Figure 35.b. Idu (G 7102). North wall, above and at sides of entrance

Figure 35.c.Idu(G7102).Northwall,aboveand atsidesofentrance

Figure 35.d. Idu (G 7102). North wall, above and at sides of entrance

20
CM.Figure36.a.Idu(G7102).Eastwal withstatueniches

Figure36.b.Idu(G7102).Eastwallwithstatueniches

Figure36.c.Idu(G7102).Eastwalwithstatueniches

Figure36.d.Idu(G7102).Eastwal withstatueniches

Figure 37. Idu (G 7102). East wall, panel on south end

Figure38.a.Idu(G7102).SouthwallwithgamesandmusicinhonorofHathor

Figure 38.b.Idu (G 7102).Southwallwith games and musicin honorofHathor

Figure 39.a.Idu (G 7102). West wall, south ofstelaniche

Figure39.b.Idu(G7102).Westwall,southofstelaniche

Figure40.a.Idu(G7102).Stelaniche

Figure40.b.Idu(G7102).Stelaniche

Figure41.a.Idu(G7102).Westwall,northofstela,withsecondaryfalsedoor

Figure41.b.Idu(G7102). West wall,northof stela,withsecondaryfalsedoor

Figure 42. Idu (G 7102 E). Corner block assigned to middle level chamber

Idu 43.
(G 7102).
Figure
Reconstruction

by Suzanne

Chapman

of royal statue

head 25-1-587