Viking EMEA Special Systems Workshop SFPE Engineers

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VIKING EMEA

GASEOUS SYSTEMS
Peter Eisenberger
Viking S.A.

Agenda

About Viking EMEA


The Viking sales organisation
Gaseous systems basic
Gaseous systems design background
Gaseous systems applications
Case study 13,8kV substation

Viking

Page 2

Minimax-Viking History
Original Tyden
Dry Valve

Minimax Bad Urach


Facility opened

Viking
Deluge
Valve

Minimax is
born

1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

Viking
Corporation is
born

Tyden Seal Hastings, MI


Viking

Minimax is #1 Fire
extinguisher
manfacturer worldwide

Viking
Contracting
Page 3

1950

Minimax-Viking History
Bad Oldesloe
Test Centre
Opened

Preussag
acquires
Minimax

Model M
Introduced

Automated
Assembly

R&D
Expansion

Viking
Plastics

Minimax
& Viking
Merge (2009)

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

Minimax
expands to US
and acquires
CFP
Viking International
offices opened in
Asia/Europe

Viking
International sales
begin

Viking
SupplyNet
Viking

Viking Fabrication
Services

Minimax Enters
Private Equity
Ownership

Page 4

In research we are ahead


Fire research centre

Practical prove of theoretical research results


Cooperation with testing authorities
Solutions to specific client issues
Development of new Minimax solutions
Fire tests with a scale 1:1
Mobile suspended ceiling from 2 up to 15 meter
Auditorium with 140 seats

Viking

Page 5

The Minimax Viking group at a glance

6,600 employees worldwide

Turnover > 1 billion EUR

More than 60 fire protection companies


Worldwide presence

Broad product and services offering

Own research centres

Viking

Own production plants

Page 6

Where does Viking EMEA fit into the organization?


A world wide group leader in fire protection market

Minimax RED Group


Contracting Service from
design to maintenance

Viking BLUE Group


Distribution of
Products & Systems

VIKING EMEA
Authorized Distributor

End User, EPC contractors


Viking

Page 7

Viking EMEA
More than 43.000 components for various application
Sprinkler systems

Foam systems

Clean agents

Detection

Viking EMEA Europe, Middle East, Afrika


16 Sales offices
8 Logistic centers
More than 150 employees

Logistics & Sales


Sales office
Viking

Page 8

Viking EMEA Locations

Branch office with local contact persons for sales and order management
Branch office with additional technical support and training facility
Filling/refilling locations with stock
Viking

Page 9

Gaseous systems basics


Arguments for the application of Gaseous extinguishant

When you need: full homogenous 3-dimensional effect, non residual, no electric
conductivity direct or indirect, penetration into cabinets or installations.
When you have: Shielded objects, hardly accessible areas, deep seated or concealed
fires, high ceilings, sensitive equipment where water would cause same damage like fire.
Typical applications: All kind of electric risks like IT areas, Switchgear , Communication,
Control rooms, Cable tunnels, Data Center, Archives, electric cabinets and many more

No other agent can give you this characteristics !


Viking

Page 10

Gaseous systems basics


Extinguishing effects
Fire Triangle
Reducing oxygen below 13,6Vol% for 20min

Reducing available energy for combustion process

IG-01

FK-5-1-12= Novec 1230

IG-100

HFC-227ea= FM200, Solkaflam227 etc.

IG-55
IG-541
CO2

Combustible material

state of aggregation in cylinder


Gaseous: IG-01, IG-100, IG-55, IG-541
Liquidous: FK-5-1-12, HFC-227ea, CO2

Viking

Page 11

Gaseous systems basics


Safety
Agent
Novec 1230
HFC-125
HFC-227ea
Inert Gas
CO2

Use Conc.

NOAEL*

Safety Margin

4.5 - 6%

10%

67 - 150%

8.7-12.1%

7.5%

---

7 - 9%

9%

0 - 25%

34,2 - 61%

43%

0 - 13%

34 - 75%

<5%

lethal > 10%

* No Observable Adverse Effect Level


Viking

3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.

Page 12

Gaseous systems basics


Safety
Remaining oxygen concentration after release
Room of 1000m flooded with Novec 1230 / HFC-227ea / Inertgas , Design NFPA 2001 Class C
hazard @20C, cylinders 10m away from the hazard.
We consider 10% of agent will be lost through openings and, flaps, vents.

Agent

Total Gas
Oxygen level Remaining
Quantity Cylinder Working Cylinde Design
amount
before
Oxygen after
in kg
size
pressure r no
in vol%
flooded in m flooding
flooding

Similar to
altitude of

Novec 1230

653,1

140l

50

4,50%

52,79

20,90%

19,91

400m

HFC-227ea

572,0

140l

50

7,30%

80,72

20,90%

19,38

600m

IG-541

688,5

80l

300

21

38,5%

504,0

20,90%

11,42

4800m

IG-01

864,7

80l

300

22

40,7%

528,0

20,90%

10,97

5180m

IG-55

784,7

80l

300

25

42,7%

600,0

20,90%

9,61

6100m

IG-100

599,0

80l

300

25

40,3%

600,0

20,90%

9,61

6100m

Viking

3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.

Page 13

Gaseous systems basics


Sustainability

Properties

Novec 1230

HFC-125

HFC-227ea

HFC-23

Atmospheric
Lifetime (years)

0.014

29

33

260

Ozone Depletion
Potential

Global Warming
Potential
(100 yr ITH)

3220

3500

14800

Viking

3M 2007. All Rights Reserved.

Page 14

Gaseous systems basics


Sustainability

GWP= Global Warming Potential


The GWP is shown off as CO2 equivalents, 1 kg of FM200 contributes so much to the global warming like
3220 kg of CO2 !
The height of the GWP Value depends on the
atmospheric lifetime, FM-200 stays for about 40 years in
the atmosphere HFC-23 for over 260 years !
The most common used HFKW for extinguishing
purpose are:
FM-200/FE-227ea/HFC-227ea = GWP 3220
FE-13/Trigon/HFC-23 = GWP 14800
FE-25/Ecaro25/HFC-125=GWP 3500
This means by mass, in case of release a CO2 equivalent
emission of approx. 2,2 tons / m with HFC-227ea
and approx. 7,7 tons with HFC-23, per m.
Viking

Page 15

Gaseous systems basics


Sustainability
HFC-227ea aka FM 200

FK-5-1-12 aka Novec 1230

Heptafluoropropane C3HF7

CF3CF2C(O)CF(CF3)2

Personal Safety

Personal Safety

Toxicological safe

Toxicological safe

NOAEL=9% VOL

NOAL=10 % by vol.

LOAEL=10.5% VOL

LOAL=10 % by vol.

Extinguishing

Extinguishing

Heat absorption in the fire

Heat absorption in the fire

Design concentration= 6,9- 9 % by vol.

Design concentration= 4,5-5,9 % by vol.

0,54 0,72 kg/m

0,66 0,83 kg/m

Application

Application

Fire class: A + B

Fire class: A + B

Environmental aspect

Environmental aspects

ODP Value= 0

ODP Value= 0

No degradation of Ozone

No degradation of Ozone

Ca. 40 years of atmospheric lifetime

Max. 5 days of atmospheric lifetime

GWP Value= 3220 (EU VO 842/2006)


free of chlore and brome HFCs

Viking

H = hydrogen
F = fluorine
C = carbon
O = Oxygen

Fast natural degradation


Free of all kinds of HFCs

Page 16

Gaseous systems basics


Sustainability

Characteristics of 3MTM NovecTM1230 - It is future-proof


Due to the reason, that Novec 1230 is no HFC it is the only environmental friendly alternative to HFCs and is
not regulated by any Kyoto Protocol Regulations.
The long term sustainability of Novec 1230 is shown through the 3M Blue Sky Warranty:
If 3M Novec 1230 Fire Protection Fluid is banned from or restricted in use as a fire protection agent due to ODP,
or GWP, 3M will refund the purchase price of the Novec 1230 fluid.
Warranty good for 20 years.
Viking

Page 17

Gaseous systems basics


Space to protect 1000m acc. NFPA Class C
Inertgas
80l / 200bar

Inertgas
80l / 300bar

Inertgas
140l / 300bar

Novec 1230,
FM200
50bar
Viking

Page 18

Gaseous systems basics


Speed
% smoke

Smoke produced

Evacuation

Extinguishing

Flooding

Inertgases & CO2

Inertgases & CO2

60sec flooding

120sec flooding

5,0

Fluorinated Agents
2,0

0,5

0
Viking

10

20

30

40

170 Seconds

110
Page 19

Gaseous systems design background

NFPA 2001 versus ISO 14520

Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!


Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz

Viking

Page 20

Gaseous systems design background


Adressed agents in NFPA and ISO
ISO14520Part#

NOAEL

LOAEL

Surface
Class A

Class B

CF3I

0,2

0,4

min.4,6

4,6

9,3

FK-5-1-12

10

>10

5,3

5,9

5,6

ISO 14520 Name

NOAEL

LOAEL

Class A
Design

Class B
Design

Class C
fuels (6)

GWP
acc IPCC
2007

ODP

Trade names

FIC-13I1

0,2

0,4

(5)

(5)

(5)

Triodide

FK-5-1-12

10

>10

4,5

5,9

4,5

Novec 1230

(5)

(5)

1550

0,048

NAF S-III

11,3

3250

Ecaro 25

3220

FM 200

Higher NFPA 2001-2012


Class A adressed

HCFC Blend A

10

>10

7,8

13,0

12,4

HCFC Blend A

10

>10

(5)

HFC-125

7,5

10

11,2

12,1

11,5

HFC-125

7,5

10

8,7

HFC-227ea

10,5

7,9

9,0

8,5

HFC-227ea

10,5

HFC-23

10

30

>30

16,3

16,4

16,3

HFC-23

30

>30

15,1

19,5

17

14800

FE-13

HFC-236a

11

10

15

8,8

9,8

9,3

HFC-236fa

10

15

(5)

(5)

(5)

9810

FE-36

(4)

-7

9,0

7,0

(7)

- 7,9

IG01

12

43

52

41,9

51,0

48,4

IG-01

43

52

40,2

52,3

40,8

Argon(5)

IG55

14

43

52

40,3

47,5

45,1

IG-55

43(4)

52(4)

37,9

39,1

42,7

Argonite(5)

IG541

15

43

52

39,9

41,2

39,9

IG-541

43(4)

52(4)

34,2

40,6

38,5

Inergen(5)

IG100

13

43

52

40,3

43,7

41,5

IG-100

43(4)

52(4)

36,0

39

40,5

Nitrogen(5)

7,5

(5)

(5)

(5)

1540

Halotron I

HFC Blend B
FC-2-1-8(1)

30

>30

n.a

9,5

9,1

n.a.

FC-3-1-10(1)

40

>40

6,5

7,7

7,4

n.a.

(1)

HCFC-124

2,5

n.a

8,7

8,3

HCFC-124

ISO 6183

0,5

62

35

47

NFPA 12

(4)

6,7

(7)

CEA-308
CEA-410
1

2,5

(5)

(5)

50

35

(5)

609

0,022

FE-24

Further Systems
CO2(2)

Permanent
13,114,6VdS 3527 43
52
14,9
14,0
15,6
Inerting(3)
(1)
Withdrawn in ISO
(2)
Selected Designs for Paper, Electrical Computer, and N Heptane
acc.ISO 6183, and Dry elctrical / Hexane acc. NFPA 12
(3)

Selected Designs for Paper&Karton, IT, N-Heptan

Viking

CO2
Permatec,
Oxyreduct

(4)

Based on 12% Oxygen for NOAEL and 10% for LOAEL


According UL2166 and UL2127 testing for the system, refer to design manual of the producer
(6)
Design according new NFPA 2001, release date 14.10.2011
(7)
For companies having 5,2Vol% for Class A MEC
(5)

Page 21

Gaseous systems design


Gaseous Extinguishing Agents most common used
Inert gases pure

Inert gases blended

IG-01

IG-100

100%
Argon

100%
Nitrogen

IG-55

50%
Argon

50%
Nitrogen

IG-541

40%
Argon

8%
CO2

Synthetic Extinguishing Agents


FK-5-1-12 = NovecTM 1230

Viking

HFC-227ea = FM 200
C

C
Page 22

52%
Nitrogen

Gaseous systems design background


Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.4* The minimum design concentration for a
Class A surface-fire hazard shall be determined by the greater of
the following:
(1) The extinguishing concentration, as determined in 5.4.2.2,
times a safety factor of 1.2
(2) Equal to the minimum extinguishing concentration for heptane
as determined from 5.4.2.1
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.2* The flame extinguishing concentration for
Class A fuels shall be determined
by test as part of a listing program. As a minimum, the listing
program shall conform to UL 2127 or
UL 2166 or equivalent. The Class A fuels test on plastic sheets was
accomplished with Class A MEC for both agents.

ISO14520: 7.5.1.3 The extinguishing concentration for Class A


surface fires shall be the greater of the values determined
by the wood crib and polymeric sheet fire tests described in
Annex C. The minimum design concentration for
Class A fires shall be the extinguishing concentration increased by
a safety factor of 1,3. For non-cellulosic
Class A fuels, higher design concentrations may be required..
HFC227ea:
Class A MEC: 6,1Vol% x1,3=7,9Vol%
FK-5-1-12:
Class A MEC: 4,1Vol% x1,3=5,3Vol%

HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol%
Our Class A MEC: 5,4Vol% x1,2= 6,48Vol%
6,9 > 6,48Vol% so we use 7Vol% for class A surface-fire / Class A
fuels
FK-5-1-12:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol%
Our Class A MEC: 3,3Vol% x1,2=4,0Vol%
4,5 > 4,0 Vol% so we use 4,5% for class A surface / Class A fuels
Viking

Page 23

Gaseous systems design background


Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.3 The minimum design concentration for a Class
B fuel hazard shall be
the extinguishing concentration, as determined in 5.4.2.1, times a
safety factor of 1.3.
HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol% x 1,3 = 8,97Vol% = 9Vol%
Novec 1230:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol% x 1,3 = 5,9Vol%

ISO14520: 7.5.1.2 The minimum Class B design concentration for


each extinguishant shall be a demonstrated
extinguishing concentration for each Class B fuel plus a safety
factor of 1,3. The extinguishing concentration
used shall be that demonstrated by the cup burner test, carried
out in accordance with the method set out in
Annex B, that has been verified with the heptane pan tests
detailed in C.5.2. For hazards involving multiple
fuels, the value for the fuel requiring the greatest design
concentration shall be used. The extinguishing
concentration shall be taken as the cup burner value or the
heptane pan test value (see Annex C), whichever is greater.
HFC227ea:
Our Class B MEC: 6,9Vol% x 1,3 = 9Vol%
Novec 1230:
Our Class B MEC: 4,5Vol% x 1,3 = 5,9Vol%

Viking

Page 24

Gaseous systems design background


Minimum design concentration HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12
NFPA 2001: 5.4.2.5 The minimum design concentration for a Class
C hazard shall be the extinguishing concentration, as determined
in 5.4.2.2, times a safety factor of 1.35.
HFC227ea:
Class A MEC: 5,4 x 1,35 = 7,3 Vol%
Novec 1230:
Class A MEC 3,3 x 1,35 = 4,5Vol%
5.4.2.5.1 The minimum design concentration for spaces
containing energized electrical hazards supplied at greater than
480 volts that remain powered during and after discharge shall be
determined by testing, as necessary, and a hazard analysis.
Attention for certain electric risks !
For the reason using higher design concentrations please refer to
NFPA 2001 -2012 A.5.4.2.2 (Fire extinguishment tests for
(noncellulosic) Class A Surface Fires.)
Where any of the following conditions exists, higher extinguishing
concentrations might be required:
(1) Cable bundles greater than 4 in. (100 mm) in diameter
(2) Cable trays with a fill density greater than 20 percent of the
tray cross section
(3) Horizontal or vertical stacks of cable trays less than 10 in. (250
mm) apart
(4) Equipment energized during the extinguishment period where
the collective power consumption exceeds 5 kW.
Viking

ISO14520 7.5.1.3: CAUTION It is recognized that the wood crib


and .polymeric sheet Class A fire tests may not adequately
indicate extinguishing concentrations suitable for the protection
of certain plastic fuel hazards (e.g. electrical and electronic type
hazards involving grouped power or data cables such as
computer and control room under-floor voids, telecommunication
facilities, etc.). An extinguishing concentration not less than that
determined in accordance with 7.5.1.3, or not less than of that
determined from the heptane fire test described in C.6.2,
whichever is the greater, should be used under certain conditions.
These conditions may include:
1) cable bundles greater than in diameter;
2) cable trays with a fill density greater than of the tray crosssection;
3) horizontal or vertical stacks of cable trays (closer than );
4) equipment energized during the extinguishment period where
the collective power consumption exceeds 5kW.
If polymeric sheet fire test data are not available, an extinguishing
concentration of that determined from the heptane fire test shall
be used.
HFC227ea:
Class B MEC: 6,1 x 1,3 = 9 Vol% * 0,95 = 8,5Vol%
Novec 1230:
Class B MEC: 4,5 x 1,3 = 5,9 Vol% * 0,95 = 5,6Vol%

Page 25

Gaseous systems design background


Discharge time
NFPA 2001-2012

ISO14520

Required Minimum Design Concentration will give us a qty of 1000kg


95% in 10sec = 950kg = 95kg/s
Flooding time of 1000kg can be 1000kg / 95kg = 10,5sec !

Viking

Page 26

Gaseous systems design background


Cylinder location

Centralized room will meet all requirements listed in


NFPA & ISO
Close as possible to all areas
Do not place them in working areas
Think about to ease the service effort
The distance to the rooms will influence the no of
cylinders depending on the working pressure
Viking

Page 27

Gaseous systems design background


Structural needs
Rooms protected by clean agents should be
sealed against their environment, to avoid
combustible gases from outside.
This tightness ensures the 10min soak period.
A tight room gives us a higher A/C efficiency
If the room is sealed, its integrity could be
damaged during flooding without pressure
venting.
When using clean agents, damaging can be
avoided by controlled air and pressure flaps.

Viking

Page 28

Gaseous systems design background


Structural needs
Room Integrity in NFPA 2001

ISO14520

Room Integrity Is a very important topic but attention is often low


But how shall we know if equivalent leakage area is sufficient
And shouldnt we have a sealed room for safety and A/C efficiency
Cross sections for pressure venting should be provided by the hydraulic calculation
Viking

Page 29

Gaseous systems design background


Structural needs

Agent discharge

N2 discharge

Viking

Page 30

Gaseous systems design background


Structural needs
Review Room Integrity in NFPA 2001

and ISO14520

Best solution to ensure room integrity and


define pressure venting is a door fan test. See
NFPA 2001 2012 Section C
Please investigate weakest part of the hazard
Rule of thumb:
Glass Window 100Pa
Normal door 300Pa
Gipsum wall 500Pa
Fire proof door double lock 500Pa

Viking

Page 31

Gaseous systems design background


Approval of Installation
NFPA 2001

Viking

ISO14520

Page 32

Gaseous systems design background


Inspection requirements
NFPA 2001

ISO14520

The complete system should be checked annual by the


installer or an authorized distributor. This test should
include the control panel.
The agent quty should be checked semi annual by
wheight and pressure
Hoses should be pressure tested all 5 years
Refer to NFPA or ISO for complete guideline
Viking

Page 33

Gaseous systems design background


Inspection requirements

Viking

Page 34

Gaseous systems design background


Local application
NFPA 2001
Consider local application where
hazard can be hardly inhibited by
the gas
System shall have fixed pipe and
nozzles to distribute the agent into
the hazard

Viking

Page 35

Gaseous systems design background


Local application
OneU Active
incl. smoke aspirating system
incl. 2 alarm tresholds
incl. emergency power supply (4
hours)
incl. suppression system with 3 kg
NovecTM 1230

Viking

Page 36

Gaseous systems design background


Local application

Viking

Page 37

Gaseous systems design background


Local application

All in One system


Detection & Extinguishing
Extinguishing only
Nozzle in front
Detection only

Viking

Page 38

Gaseous systems design background


Local application
Cabinet protection System the solution for small enclosures
Cylinder filled with 4,27kg or 1,6kg
Novec 1230
for Volumes 1,4-6,6m
Valve with electric or manual release
Comes as complete set with control
panel, detectors, sounder and all
accessories.

Viking

Page 39

Gaseous systems design background

VSN1230 - total flooding


OneU - IT Rack protection
CPS1230 - Cabinet protection
utilizing
Novec 1230

Inertgas - OXEO
IG-01, IG-100
IG-55, IG-541

CO2
High & Low
pressure

VSN200 - total flooding


utilizing FM 200

Viking

Page 40

Gaseous systems applications

Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!


Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz

Viking

Page 41

Gaseous systems application


System principle
Limit switch

Check Valve

Pilot hose
Bleed valve

Extinguishant hose
Electric release unit

Pneumatic release unit


Valve

Extinguishant filling
according to hydraulic
calculation

Nitrogen

Dip tube

Viking

Page 42

Gaseous systems application


System principle

Spring

Viking

To protect the value of your system


for long term, Valves should close at
one bar to prevent moisture and
corrosion inside the cylinder
We recommend refill only at
authorized fill station of the
manufacturer
This will ensure proper handling
and replacements of necessary
parts according to manufacturers
guideline
Ask for fill protocoll

Page 43

Gaseous systems application


Available working pressures
Available working pressures for HFC-227ea / FK-5-1-12 with FM/UL
25 bar 360psi, most common pressure,
FK-5-1-12: Ansul, Chemetron, Janus, Kidde, Macron, Minimax, Sevo,
Siemens, Tyco, Viking
HFC-227ea: Ansul, Chemetron, Fike, Firetrace, Janus, Kidde, Macron,
Minimax, Siemens, Tyco, Viking
34,5bar 500psi, highest available pressure with welded cylinders,
FK-5-1-12: Sevo, Firetrace, Janus
42 bar 600psi, Common in europe
FK-5-1-12: Minimax, Viking, Siemens (in UL process)
HFC-227ea: Minimax, Viking, Siemens (in UL process)
50bar 725psi, highest available working pressure
FK-5-1-12: Minimax, Viking
HFC-227ea: Minimax, Viking
Viking

Page 44

Gaseous systems application


History of working pressures
CO2 was always working with 60bar
Inertgases are working also with 60bar after the pressure reducer or 30-40bar when
constant flow valve is equipped.
Halon 1301 has a vapor pressure of ca.200psi at 21C in order to increase the capability
160psi nitrogen where added in the US giving 360psi(24,8bar), in Europe system where
created with 42bar (610psi) in order to work on longer distances. (CO2 hardware was
used)
FM-200 has a vapor pressure of 4bar, the difference to Halon was substituted by
Nitrogen in the US, in Europe systems where created with 42bar (Halon hardware)
Novec 1230 has a vapor pressure of 0,4bar, the difference to FM-200 was substituted
by Nitrogen. Also 42bar systems where created by using FM-200 42bar Hardware
Due to the lazyness of Novec 1230 to leave the cylinder, having more pressure is
advantageous. Welded cylinders are now available with 500psi (34,5bar) what is the
maximum for a welded cylinder according DOT seamless with 50bar (725psi).
Viking

Page 45

Gaseous systems application


What is the advantage of higher working pressure
Pressure for transportation
of agent in pipe

Avg. Loss after


opening of valve

Avg. Loss after


opening of valve

Viking

Min. nozzle
pressure

213%

Avg. Loss after


opening of valve

Avg. Loss after


opening of valve

Min. nozzle
pressure

287%

Min.
nozzle
pressure

179%
100%

Min.
nozzle
pressure

50bar / 725psi

42bar / 610psi

34,5bar / 500psi

25bar / 360psi

Page 46

Gaseous systems application


What is the advantage of higher working pressure
The diameter gets smaller with higher working pressure,
Or instead of two pipes one is enough

delivered agent in kg in 10sec


25bar
34,5bar
42bar
50bar
17
21
25
30
28
34
40
50
42
51
60
75
66
80
95
110
100
120
140
200
150
175
200
260
250
275
300
400
420
510
600
750
630
765
900
1300

Pipe dim
pipe class
ISO
ANSI
DN15
1/2"
Sch40
DN20
3/4"
Sch40
DN25
1"
Sch40
DN32 1 1/4" Sch40
DN40 1 1/2" Sch40
DN50
2"
Sch40
DN65 2 1/2" Sch40
DN80
3"
Sch40
DN100
4"
Sch40

Rooms that require a bigger agent mass than suitable for 4 needs multiple systems !
Viking

Page 47

Gaseous systems application


Pipe class according FSSA handbook

Schedule40 is sufficient for all working pressures up to 50bar = 725psi


Viking

Page 48

Gaseous systems application


Is the higher working pressure a threat for the room integrity
Nitrogen is the propellant and will be flooded after the agent
Example of Nitrogen amount:
1 cylinder 180l, 25bar, fill 186,3kg Novec 1230
186,3kg Novec 1230 = 115,3l Novec 1230 (dens. 1,616kg/l)
1 cylinder 32l, 25bar, fill 18,6kg Novec 1230
18,6kg Novec 1230 = 11,5l Novec 1230
180l - 115,3l Novec 1230 + 32l - 11,5l Novec = 85,2l Nitrogen x
25bar = 2130l expanded Nitrogen
1 cylinder: 180l, 50bar, fill 197,8kg + 4,6kg heel, Novec 1230
202,4kg Novec 1230 = 125,2l Novec 1230 (dens. 1,616kg/l)
180l minus 125,2l Novec = 54,8l Nitrogen x 42bar = 2301l
expanded Nitrogen (50bar = 2740l)
A higher working pressure acts with a similar amount of Nitrogen, it
just compress it to less volume.
Nozzle pressure will be reduced by smaller pipes in case of higher
working pressure.
Final nozzle pressures are at same level
Viking

25/34,5
bar

Page 49

42/50
bar

Gaseous systems application


Example
25bar requires:
Room 90m - 3m+0,3m = 297m- Design NFPA
180l + 32l cylinder
50bar requires:
180l cylinder

High fill density in real life


Smaller or less Cylinders = less space needed
Viking

Page 50

Gaseous systems application


High fill density

76m3+40m - 95,8 kg filling,


80l cylinder 0-3 = 15m inlet pipe!
Viking

Page 51

Gaseous systems application


Unbalanced piping, 3 levels on same pipework

Viking

Page 52

Gaseous systems application


Long distance or high rise pipe

66m

15,6m / 24m
Viking

Page 53

Gaseous systems application


Substition of Halon 1301 or other HFC systems
Agent quantity Halon: 0,3kg / m - Novec: 0,69kg / m (NFPA)
50bar can transport 3x times more agent through same diameter
Utilizing existing pipes is possible !
hydraulic calculation needed in advance
Attention on falling Ts with Halon, these are not accpetable
Attention with to big pipes for Halon masses
See table of agent delivered in 10seconds
delivered agent in kg in 10sec
25bar
34,5bar
42bar
50bar
17
21
25
30
28
34
40
50
42
51
60
75
66
80
95
110
100
120
140
200
150
175
200
260
250
275
300
400
420
510
600
750
630
765
900
1300
Viking

Pipe dim
pipe class
ISO
ANSI
DN15
1/2"
Sch40
DN20
3/4"
Sch40
DN25
1"
Sch40
DN32 1 1/4" Sch40
DN40 1 1/2" Sch40
DN50
2"
Sch40
DN65 2 1/2" Sch40
DN80
3"
Sch40
DN100
4"
Sch40
Page 54

APPROVALS
Recommended approvals for hardware
Why do we need a system approval ?
All components have to show their reliability in long
term tests
The complete systems has to show its performance
The performance must be predicted by a software
The software is the most crucial part of a system.
With FM/UL listings it is strictly linked with the system
VdS Software is a kind of open source, always aks for
VdS approval of the calculated system.
Attention has to paid to the cylinders, here additional
certificates are required, e.g. DOT, TPED,
Offshore application often requires different approval than
onshore
Pay special attention to CE in Europe
Viking

Page 55

Gaseous systems application


Single zone system

See Installation and Service manual for more details


Viking

56

Page 56

Gaseous systems application


Single zone system

See Design manual for more details


Viking

57

Page 57

Gaseous systems application


Single zone system

See Design manual for more details


Viking

58

Page 58

Gaseous systems application


Single zone system

See Design manual for more details


Viking

59

Page 59

Gaseous systems application


Quantity calculation
Flooding factors of HFC-227ea vs. FK-5-1-12
FK-5-1-12 / Novec 1230

Overview

For more details refer to


NFPA 2001 or ISO 14520

HFC-227ea / FM200

Design
max. conc.
Design
max. conc.
kg/m kg/m kg/m kg/m
NOAEL LOAEL
kg/m kg/m kg/m kg/m
NOAEL LOAEL
conc.
@50C from
conc.
@50C from
@15C @18C @20C @21C
%
%
@15C @18C @20C @21C
%
%
%
15C Design
%
15C Design

Class A - NFPA 2001

4,5

0,6683 0,6606 0,6556 0,6531

5,1

6,9

0,551

0,545

0,54

0,538

7,8

Class B - NFPA 2001

5,9

0,8893 0,8790 0,8723 0,8690

6,7

0,735

0,727

0,721

0,718

10,1

Class C - NFPA 2001

4,5

0,6683 0,6606 0,6556 0,6531

5,1

7,3

0,585

0,579

0,574 0,5720

8,2

Surface Class A - ISO14520

5,3

0,7938 0,7846 0,7787 0,7757

6,0

7,9

0,637

0,63

0,625

0,623

8,9

Class B - ISO14520

5,9

0,8893 0,8790 0,8723 0,8690

6,7

0,735

0,727

0,721

0,718

10,1

Higher Class A - ISO 14520

5,6

0,8414 0,8317 0,8253 0,8222

6,4

8,5

0,69

0,682

0,677

0,675

9,6

10

>10

Required kg per hazard: Volume x kg/m

Viking

Page 60

10,5

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

61

Page 61

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

62

Page 62

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

63

Page 63

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

64

Page 64

Gaseous systems application


System components Multizone

See Installation and Service manual for more details


Viking

65

Page 65

Gaseous systems application


Principle
Centralized agent storage
Hazards are served via valves
In case of alarm the corresponding valve will open and
release the agent to the area
Wich kind of systems you know working like that ?
Sprinkler
Foam
Gas

Viking

Page 66

Gaseous systems application


Main characteristics
Single zone: The agent quantity is
calculated to flood the protected zone one
time, with reserve two times
Independent from other rooms
More rooms = linear increase of
investment
Space cosuming
Multizone: The agent quantity is calculated
for the biggest of several volumes, the
necessary quantity is released in case of
alarm and flooded via a selectional valve
into the area, a 100% reserve is often
used.
First come first serve
Limited investment in agent and
cylinders
Occupies only small space

Viking

Page 67

Gaseous systems application

Minimax&Viking approved as first and so far


only company a multizone system utilizing
Novec 1230 according FM/UL approval
guidelines.
This contains, cylinder and all hardware for
single zone systems
Selectorvalves and related componentes
Software to calculate selectorvalve manifold.
Watch Video
Up 15 rooms can be connected to one
cylinder bank.

Viking

Page 68

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

69

Page 69

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

70

Page 70

Gaseous systems application


Software

See Design manual for more details


Viking

71

Page 71

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

72

Page 72

Gaseous systems application


Software

Viking

73

Page 73

Gaseous systems application


Golden rules multizone
Minimum room agent requirement per room should be 150kg to be
connected to Multizone system, otherwise single system is more
economic
Saving: 1 cylinder with
accessories and agent

Viking

Additional: 1 Selector
valve with accessories

Page 74

Gaseous systems application


Golden rules multizone
Ideal relation of rooms connected to one system is 4:1
The background is a limit of the hydraulic calculation called agent in
pipe
This shall be not more than f.e. 85% (our software)
If first pipes are to big (necessary for bigger areas) nitrogen will go ahead
of agent and agent supply will be not sufficient to build up concentration
Pressure drops to much in Selector valve manifold
Example:
Biggest room requires 1000kg, and therefore manifold and selector valve
manifold is 4
Smallest requires 150kg, this will be flooded into 4 manifolds

Nitrogen
1000kg
150kg
If rooms vary more than 4:1 we may consider one system for big rooms
and one for small rooms.
Viking

Page 75

Gaseous systems application


Golden rules multizone
Maximum agent for biggest
hazard ca. 1300kg, if bigger
rooms need to be protected
consider either slave battery or
separate system

Viking

Page 76

Gaseous systems application


Examples for savings

Single systems: 21cylinder 2632kg


Multizone with reserve:
6 + 6cylinders = 12 cylinders
748kg+748kg = 1496kg

Viking

Page 77

Gaseous systems application


Examples for savings

35 Cylinders & 3,5to Novec saved, -32%


against single zone. Max. Distance 49m

Viking

Page 78

Case study 13,8kV substation

Vielen Dank fr Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!


Eventuell noch ein erluternder Schlusssatz

Viking

Page 79

Case study 13,8kV substation


Novec 1230 4,5% @ 21C sealevel 2 Equipment rooms available

Viking

Page 80

Case study 13,8kV substation


List of rooms
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2

Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room

Room
3

Volume m

Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow

1450,00

950,7

22

-5

1455,38

954,2

38

-5

1371,59

899,3

20

GF Battery Room

257,38

168,8

40

GF Communication
Room

201,36

132,1

GF Control Room

1425,84

934,8

16

Agent Required w/o reserve

4039,9

We decided to use only one Fire Equipment room


Distance to rooms was very different
Rooms are in BF and GF
Viking

Page 81

Case study 13,8kV substation


Cylinder bank
Space requirement
Single row = No. of cylinders x 0,5
Example 13,8kV Swgr = 7 x 0,5
Manifold

450mm

Dm
406mm

500mm

Double row = (No. of cylinders x 0,5) + 0,25

Dm
406mm

Manifold
250mm

900mm

Dm
406mm

500mm
Viking

Page 82

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2

Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room

Room
3

Volume m

Dist.
Single Zone 25bar
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
Cyl. Qty. Size Cyl. Fill in sec.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
SZ 25bar SZ 25bar kg 25bar

1450,00

950,7

22

-5

22

180l

86,5

1455,38

954,2

38

-5

28

180l

72

9,5

1371,59

899,3

20

28

180l

72

9,5

GF Battery Room

257,38

168,8

40

106l

84,5

9,5

GF Communication
Room

201,36

132,1

106l

76

9,5

GF Control Room

1425,84

934,8

16

26

180l

72

10

Agent Required w/o reserve

4039,9

112

8449

Higher agent amount is caused by over flooding to eliminate pipe fill error and
minimum fill of cylinder

Viking

Page 83

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
Situation in Equipment room 1

Communication room
13,8kV Swgr room

Cable basement right

Control room

Cable basement left

Viking

Page 84

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 25bar max. 180l cylinder size
25bar system: 112 cylinder
Due to distance of battery room or
communication room both rooms are
needed.
Fire Equipment room 2 would be to
small for all cylinders
The 4 cylinders for battery room has
to be placed in Fire Equipment room 2

Viking

Page 85

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2

Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room

Room
3

Volume m

Single Zone 50bar


Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Cyl. Qty. Size Fill in sec.
Incl.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
SZ 50bar Cyl. SZ kg 50bar

1450,00

950,7

22

-5

12

180l

162,5

1455,38

954,2

38

-5

14

180l

138,5

1371,59

899,3

20

12

180l

154,5

GF Battery Room

257,38

168,8

40

140l

89,0

GF Communication
Room

201,36

132,1

140l

136,5

GF Control Room

1425,84

934,8

16

12

180l

160,5

Agent Required w/o reserve

4039,9

56

8298

Higher agent amount is caused by residual agent in seamless cylinders and by over
flooding to eliminate pipe fill error

Viking

Page 86

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
Situation in Equipment room 1

Communication room
13,8kV Swgr room

Cable basement right

Control room

Cable basement left


Battery room

Viking

Page 87

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 50bar max. 180l cylinder size
50bar single zone system: 56 cylinders
Only one room is required, Fire
equipment room 1 can accommodate
all cylinders
Room size could be reduced by ca.1/4rd
Fire Equipment room 2 can be used for
other purpose
Saved space: 60m

Viking

Page 88

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 50bar Multizone max. 180l cylinder size
Sr. No.
1.a
1.b
2

Protected Rooms
BF Cable Distribution
Room left
BF Cable Distribution
Room right
GF 13.8kV Switchgear
Room

Room
3

Volume m

Multizone 50bar
Dist.
Agent Qty Enclo
Elevat
Incl.
No of Dim. Of Cyl. MZ Slave cyl. Fill in sec.
in kg
sures
ion
Elbow
valves valves M/R MZ M/R kg 50bar

1450,00

950,7

22

-5

12

162,5

1455,38

954,2

38

-5

4"

20

100,5

1371,59

899,3

20

4"

20

100,5

GF Battery Room

257,38

168,8

40

2 1/2"

100,5

12

GF Communication
Room

201,36

132,1

2"

100,5

GF Control Room

1425,84

934,8

16

4"

20

100,5

20

12

3960

Agent Required w/o reserve

4039,9

Battery room needs to be overflooded to eliminate pipefill error but is


still below 10%
This is the big adavantage of Novec 1230 in Design

Viking

Page 89

Case study 13,8kV substation


Situation with 50bar Multizone max. 180l cylinder size
50bar multi zone system: 32
cylinders plus 5 valves
Only one room is required, Fire
equipment room 1 can
accommodate all cylinders
Room can be less than half the size
Saved space: 80m

Viking

Page 90

Summary

All systems have a common principle


Different working pressures available
Higher working pressure provides more flexibility
Higher working pressure is no threat to room integrity
Higher working pressure saves space and hardware
Working with Multizone saves cost
If applying Multizone it is crucial that the software calculates the selector
valve manifold
For Halon substitution more pressure is necessary

Viking

Page 91

Peter Eisenberger
+43 664/836 66 56
[email protected]

Vielen Dank fr Eure Aufmerksamkeit!


!
Tack fr din uppmrksamhet


Thanks for your attention !
Kiitos huomita
Gracias por su atencin
Takk for oppmerksomheten
Merci pour votre attention
Grazie per lattenzione
Dankon pro via atento

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