Force Answers

GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES
QUESTIONSHEET 1
(a) skis spread force over larger area than boots
(b) (i)
pressure = force / area

500 N / 0.2 m2 2
= 1250 Pa/Pascal/Nm-2
1
1
1
(ii) 500N / 0.05 m2 2

= 5000 Pa/Pascal/Nm-2
1
1
(iii) area = force / pressure

600 N / 1250 Pa
= 0.48 m2 /2
= 0.24 m2
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET 2
(a) Any three from:
road surface condition
tyre condition
brake condition
reaction time
speed of bicycle
(b) (i)
bigger, so greater mass
(ii) deceleration = change in speed / time

-10 ms-1 / 2.5 s
= - 4 ms-2 (accept 4 ms-2)
1
1
1
TOTAL / 7
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 3
(a) None/no forces acting
(b) gets faster/speeds up/velocity increases

force backwards produces equal and opposite force forwards/
force one way produces equal force in opposite direction
1
1
(c) acceleration = force / mass

20 000 / 1000
= 20 ms-2 / 0.02 kms-2
1
1
1
(d) acceleration = change in velocity / time

20 ms-2 10 s
change in velocity = 200 ms-1
final velocity = 2200 ms-1
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET 4
(a) 250 Pa 55 m3 / 50 m3
= 275 Pa/Nm-2
(b) (i)
15
10
8
(ii) the volume decreases/reduces/goes down

(NOT is less, is smaller)
(c) One from:
bicycle tyres/car tyres/life jackets/dinghies/air bags in cars
1
1
1
TOTAL / 7
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 5
(a) arrow directly downwards labelled gravity
arrow directly upwards labelled air resistance
1
1
(b) (i)
1
1
Sweet
air resistance greater for paper than sweet
(ii) force = mass acceleration

0.01 kg 10 ms-2 / 1000
= 0.1 N
(c) (i)
both fall to ground

hit ground at same time
(ii) no atmosphere to exert force/no air resistance/

no air to exert force
1
1
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET 6
(a) (i)
It goes up/rises
(ii) force is transmitted by/passed through liquid

(b) (i)
pressure = force / area

2000 N / 0.001 m2
or 2 kN / 0.001m2
= 2000 kPa/2 000 000 Pa (or Nm-2 )
1
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 5
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 7
(a) equal and opposite/balanced
(b) 50 N
towards team X
1
1
(c) 750 N
towards team Y
1
1
(d) acceleration = force / mass

800 N / 200 kg
= 4 ms-2 towards team X
1
1
1
TOTAL / 9
QUESTIONSHEET 8
(a) weight is the force that gravity exerts on an object
mass measures the amount of matter in a body
1
1
(b) (i)
Newton
(ii) 55 10
= 550 N
1
1
(iii) W = m g
so m = W / g
0.001 / 10
= 0.0001 g
1
1
1
TOTAL / 8
QUESTIONSHEET 9
(a) Alice
(b) (i)
1
1
1
average speed/(speed) = distance / time

200 m / 30 s
= 6.67 m-2
(ii) time = distance / speed/average speed

300 m / 6.67 m-2
= 44.9 / 45 s
(c) Direction of motion
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 8
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 10
(a) (i)
16
x
14
Speed / ms-1
12
x
10
8
6
x
4
2
0x
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
Time / s
(ii)
all points correctly plotted

points joined with line
2
1
8 ms-1
(b) acceleration = change in speed / time

5 ms-1 / 50 s
= 0.1 ms-2
1
1
1
(c) the forces are balanced/no resultant force/

equal and opposite
TOTAL / 8
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 11
(a) 23.5 N
(b) (i)
Weight of fish / N
30
20
10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Extension / mm
points plotted correctly
best fit line
1
1
(ii) 1.6 kg
(iii) elastic limit has been reached/exceeded/

spring stretched beyond elastic limit
spring will not return to original length
1
1
(iv) between 18 N and 19.5 N
1
TOTAL / 8
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 12
(a) (i)
effort
pivot
effort
pivot
load
mark for each correct label, round to integer
load
(ii) wheelbarrow load and effort on same side of pivot

scissors load & effort on opposite sides of pivot
(b) less effort applied to do same work
more movement of screwdriver
1
1
1
1
(c) 10 25 = 250
250 / 100
= 2.5 N
1
1
1
TOTAL / 10
QUESTIONSHEET 13
(a) B, C, A
less likely to topple if greater mass at base
1
1
(b) (i)
contains weight in base
(ii) point through which weight acts

producing a balance point
1
1
(c) suspend plywood

hang a weight from suspension point
marks position of string
repeat with new position
where lines cross is balance point
1
1
1
1
1
TOTAL / 10
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 14
(a) (i)
spread mass over larger area

less pressure on roof
1
1
(ii) spread mass over larger area

less likely to sink in soft snow
1
1
(iii) sharp knife has smaller surface area on cutting edge

more pressure applied
1
1
(b) 600 / 2 = 300 N each foot.

= 300 / (0.01)2
= 3 000 000 N / m2
= 3000 kN/m2
1
1
1
TOTAL / 9
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 15
(a) LHS 400 2 = 800
RHS 300 2 = 600
difference = 200
position = 250 / 200
1.25 m from pivot on Dicks side
1
1
1
1
1
(b) (i)
x
80
70
Safe load / tonnes
60
50
40
30
20
10
10
20
30
40
Extension / m
sensible scales
labelled axes
correct plotting
1
1
2
(ii) 20 m
(iii) 27 tonnes
1
TOTAL / 11
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 16
(a) (i)
-10 N
(ii) 0 N
(iii) + 100 N
(b) (i)
500 000 + 250 000

= 750 000 N
1
1
(ii) the exact angles
(iii) use the angles & forces to a scale

to draw triangle
measure side in direction of boat
1
1
1
TOTAL / 9
QUESTIONSHEET 17
(a) Stretches evenly
returns to original length
1
1
(b) (i)
12 cm
(ii) 8.5 cm
(c) yes
it is no longer stretching uniformly/evenly
1
1
(d) 50 N balance
1
TOTAL / 7
GCSE PHYSICS
FORCES IN ACTION
QUESTIONSHEET 18
(a) (i)
useful
(ii) nuisance
(iii) nuisance
(iv) useful
(v) useful
(b) floats on air cushion

no contact with sea
1
1
TOTAL / 7
QUESTIONSHEET 19
(a) (i)
draw has mass

work done to move it
1
1
(ii) you have mass

work done to lift you
1
1
(b) climb flight of stairs

larger mass moved
through greater distance
1
1
1
TOTAL / 7
QUESTIONSHEET 20
One mark for each word/phrase
push
pull
friction
slowly
magnetic
tension
electrical / electrostatic
gravity
float
rise
TOTAL / 10

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GCSE PHYSICS

pressure = force / area

(ii) 500N / 0.05 m2 2

(iii) area = force / pressure

bigger, so greater mass

(ii) deceleration = change in speed / time

(b) gets faster/speeds up/velocity increases

(c) acceleration = force / mass

(d) acceleration = change in velocity / time

(ii) the volume decreases/reduces/goes down

(ii) force = mass acceleration

both fall to ground

(ii) no atmosphere to exert force/no air resistance/

(ii) force is transmitted by/passed through liquid

pressure = force / area

(d) acceleration = force / mass

average speed/(speed) = distance / time

(ii) time = distance / speed/average speed

all points correctly plotted

(b) acceleration = change in speed / time

(c) the forces are balanced/no resultant force/

(iii) elastic limit has been reached/exceeded/

(iv) between 18 N and 19.5 N

(ii) wheelbarrow load and effort on same side of pivot

contains weight in base

(ii) point through which weight acts

(c) suspend plywood

spread mass over larger area

(ii) spread mass over larger area

(iii) sharp knife has smaller surface area on cutting edge

(b) 600 / 2 = 300 N each foot.

Safe load / tonnes

500 000 + 250 000

(ii) the exact angles

(iii) use the angles & forces to a scale

(b) floats on air cushion

draw has mass

(ii) you have mass

(b) climb flight of stairs

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