UCA Thesis Dissertation Guide Rev. 12-8-2014

Thesis and Dissertation
Preparation Guide
THESIS & DISSERTATION PREPARATION AND PROPOSAL GUIDE ................................ 1

INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1
INTEGRITY IN RESEARCH .................................................................................................... 1
RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................................. 2
GENERAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................... 2
Graduate School Deadlines ..................................................................................................... 2
Selecting a Topic..................................................................................................................... 4
Selecting a Committee ............................................................................................................ 5
THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL ................................................................................................. 6
Format for the Proposal .......................................................................................................... 6
Formal Presentation of the Research Proposal ....................................................................... 8
THESIS & DISSERTATION FORMAT GUIDE ........................................................................ 12
THESIS/DISSERTATION ELEMENTS AND STYLE .......................................................... 12
Style Guides .......................................................................................................................... 12
Outline and Pagination for the Thesis or Dissertation .......................................................... 13
THESIS & DISSERTATION MFA & ALTERNATE FORMAT GUIDE .................................. 25
MFA in Digital Filmmaking ..................................................................................................... 25
The Creative Writing MFA Thesis ........................................................................................... 28
Alternate Formats...................................................................................................................... 30
THESIS & DISSERTATION DEFENSE GUIDE ....................................................................... 34
The Thesis or Dissertation Defense .......................................................................................... 34
SUBMISSION OF THE THESIS OR DISSERTATION TO PROQUEST ................................. 35
COPYRIGHT ................................................................................................................................ 36
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 39
THESIS & DISSERTATION PR EPARATION AND PROPOSAL GUIDE

INTRODUCTION
Earning a doctoral degree or a masters degree with thesis option requires the graduate student,
in collaboration with a faculty research advisor and thesis or dissertation committee, to design
and conduct an original research project. Scholarly activity and research should be encouraged
from the outset of the students graduate program and should continue to play an important role
until completion. The process of designing, writing, and completing the thesis or dissertation
affords the student an opportunity to draw upon and consolidate knowledge obtained from
classroom lectures, research projects, teaching, and other experiences. However, the thesis or
dissertation should be viewed as the beginning of the students scholarly work, not its
culmination. Thesis or dissertation research should provide the student with hands-on, directed
experience in the primary research methods of the discipline and should prepare the student for
research and scholarship that will be expected after receipt of the degree.
This preparation guide includes specific format requirements for the thesis or dissertation, as
well as information about related policies and procedures. In most disciplines, a professional
manual is acknowledged as the accepted format guide for publication manuscripts. Graduate
students are encouraged to use professional manuals for their disciplines in preparing the thesis
or dissertation. However, the format requirements outlined in this guide take precedence over
those in professional manuals for disciplines. This policy ensures uniformity for Graduate School
documents.
INTEGRITY IN RESEARCH
The graduate student is expected to adhere to the highest standards of academic integrity in
research and scholarship. Plagiarism, falsification of data, or other unethical behaviors will not
be tolerated. The following sections will help students understand the rights and responsibilities
with regard to their own work and procedures and policies which must be followed to observe
the rights of others.
Compliance with federal regulations governing the use of human subjects, animal care and use,
radiation, drugs, recombinant DNA, or the handling and disposal of hazardous materials in
research is monitored by a number of federal agencies. Because of these regulations, research
compliance is another area of importance to graduate students and to the conduct of their
research. If approval is relevant to the research, a student must verify that he or she has complied
with the appropriate approval procedure(s) prior to the initiation of the thesis- or dissertationrelated research. This will include review and approval by the Institutional Review Board for use
of human subjects, the Animal Care and Use Committee if the research involves animals, or the
Radiation Safety Committee if the research involves radioactive materials. Specific information
regarding procedures for obtaining appropriate review of proposed research projects involving
human subjects is available at http://www.uca.edu/sponsoredprograms/researchcompliance/.
Graduate students conducting research involving any of the areas listed above should consult
with the research advisor, department chair, and/or the UCA Research Compliance Officer to
determine the required compliance.
Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 2
RESPONSIBILITIES
The thesis or dissertation represents a capstone project for many graduate students. Although the
graduate student must assume primary responsibility for content and format of the thesis or
dissertation, faculty members are expected to provide guidance.
The University of Central Arkansas offers many avenues of help for the graduate student
writing a thesis or dissertation. Accesses to computers and printers, Torreyson Library,
laboratory equipment, and assistance from the thesis or dissertation committee are available to
students who choose to take advantage of these opportunities. The responsibility for maintaining
a high level of scholarship and writing and for producing a quality document rests with the
student as the author of the thesis or dissertation.
Departments offering a PhD must prepare handbooks for PhD students and faculty advisors of
dissertations that codify the departmental and disciplinary expectations of graduate education in
general and the dissertation in particular. Guidelines should focus on the mutual responsibilities
of advisors and students and on a time-frame for completing each major stage of doctoral
studies. Similar handbooks are recommended for master's programs, particularly those with a
thesis option.
The goal of the Graduate School, as well as the students thesis or dissertation committee, is to
ensure that a manuscript has been produced that will reflect positively on the student, the
students committee and department, the Graduate School, and the University of Central
Arkansas.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Departments determine whether they require, or provide an option for, masters students to
submit a thesis. All PhD candidates will complete a dissertation. The following sections outline
the general time line, policies, and procedures for producing a thesis or dissertation at the
University of Central Arkansas. It is important to read and understand fully the contents of this
manual. The student must allow sufficient time for the logistics of conducting the research and
writing the thesis or dissertation.
Graduate School Deadlines
It is the students responsibility to complete the following requirements according to the
established schedule:
Masters Degree Candidates
Before completing fifteen hours of graduate credit (thirty in Counseling and

Psychology programs) a masters student who intends to write a thesis is required to file
a notice of intent with the department chair. This will also initiate the appointment of a
major research advisor and thesis committee by the department chair. (Sample
Document page 10)
The student must then file a Petition for Admission to Candidacy with the Graduate
School. This includes a formal declaration of the students Program of Study and will be
used later by the Graduate School as a check-sheet for graduation. The Petition for
Admission to Candidacy is filed between the completion of the ninth and eighteenth
hours and will indicate the students intention to complete a thesis and the proposed title.
A thesis proposal (generally containing the first three chapters of the thesis) should be
completed and filed with the department chair as early in the thesis process as
possible, but at least by the end of the first semester in which the student registers for
thesis credit.
Continuous Enrollment: Masters students must register for at least one hour of
graduate thesis credit each semester (Fall, Spring, and Summer) after enrolling in
their first thesis course, whether the student is in residence or away from the campus.
Application for Graduation is a separate step from filing the Petition for Admission to
Candidacy and must be completed by the deadline set for each term. (This is typically
very early in the term and includes payment of a graduation fee at the Business Office or
the Graduate Office.) The Application for Graduation specifies the title of the students
thesis.
The thesis, in final form with signatures of all committee members, must be
submitted to the Graduate Dean at least two weeks prior to the date of graduation.
One routing form (Sample Document page 41) signed by the Thesis Committee
Chair, Department Chair, and College Dean must accompany the two final copies
of the thesis.
Verification of successful completion of the comprehensive examination and/or the

defense of the thesis must be submitted to the Graduate School office two weeks prior
to the date of graduation.
Two final copies of your thesis must be submitted to the Graduate School and
electronic submission to Proquest must be complete before your degree can be
awarded.
PhD Candidates
Approval of the dissertation topic by the major research professor/advisor and

dissertation committee is recommended as early as possible within the guidelines
established by the department and a notice of intent to complete a dissertation competed.

(Sample Document page 11). Following approval, dissertation work can proceed at any
time during a doctoral students course of study.
A dissertation research proposal will be prepared and presented before the students
dissertation committee. Following successful defense of the dissertation proposal and
completion of other departmental requirements for candidacy, the student submits a
Petition for Admission to Candidacy to the Graduate Office. This includes a formal
declaration of the students Program of Study and will be used later by the Graduate
School as a validation of fulfillment of degree requirements. The Petition indicates the
proposed title of the dissertation. The petition must include the positive
recommendations of the candidates major research professor and the department chair.
Continuous Enrollment: Doctoral students must register for a least one hour of
dissertation credit each semester (Fall, Spring, and Summer) following approval of
dissertation proposal until the work is completed, whether the student is in residence or
away from the campus.
Application for Graduation is a separate step from filing the Petition for Admission to
Candidacy and must be completed by the deadline set for the term in which the
dissertation is expected to be completed. (This is typically very early in the term and
includes payment of a graduation fee at the Business Office or the Graduate Office.) The
Application for Graduation specifies the title of the students dissertation.
The dissertation, in final form with signatures of all committee members, must be
submitted to the Graduate Dean at least two weeks prior to the date of graduation. One
routing form (Sample Document page 41) signed by the Dissertation Committee Chair,
the Department Chair, and the College Dean must accompany the two final copies of the
dissertation.
Verification of successful completion of the comprehensive examination, scholarly

project, and/or the defense of the dissertation must be submitted to the Graduate School
office two weeks prior to the date of graduation.
Two final copies of your dissertation must be submitted to the Graduate School and
electronic submission to Proquest must be complete before your degree can be
awarded.
Selecting a Topic
Selection of a thesis or dissertation topic is the responsibility of the student. The student is
advised to consult with an advisor and other faculty members to explore possible fields of
interest and available resources and expertise that may exist within the discipline and the
University. The potential contributions of faculty members to the development of the students
thesis or dissertation should be thoroughly investigated before the topic is selected.
The thesis or dissertation topic must be approved by the major professor and committee. The
student will submit a written statement outlining the scope of the proposed study and procedures
to be followed for approval. These procedures must be in compliance with University policies
regarding research and the use of human subjects, animals, and radioactive materials in
research. The original approval statement and outline are to be maintained in the department
office with copies distributed to the Graduate Dean, college dean, major professor, and student.
Selecting a Committee
Every graduate student who is writing a thesis or dissertation works under the direction of a
committee of graduate faculty at the University of Central Arkansas. The committee should be
selected within the time-line of the particular degree program in which the student is enrolled.
The student should investigate the interests and abilities of faculty and their ability to assist in the
particular project which the student proposes to undertake and may suggest faculty for
consideration as members of the committee. Appointments are made by the chairperson of the
academic department after considering the students recommendations.
Masters Thesis Committee. Before the student earns more than fifteen hours of
graduate credit (thirty in Counseling and Psychology programs), an intent to write a thesis is
required to be filed with the department chair who will approve a major research faculty advisor
for the candidate. This professor will become chair of the students thesis committee. The
committee shall be composed of a minimum of three members: the major professor, a second
member of the graduate faculty of the discipline involved, and a third graduate faculty member
who may be from outside the student's department. Following approval of the thesis committee
by the department chair, the form, Notice of Intent to Complete a Master's Thesis (Sample
Document page 10) will be submitted to the Graduate School.
Doctoral Dissertation Committee. The dissertation committee shall be established
according to departmental guidelines. The committee will consist of a minimum of five members
of the graduate faculty, at least one from outside the students department. Following appointment
of the committee, the form, Notice of Appointment of Dissertation Committee (Sample
Document page 11), will be submitted to the Graduate School.
THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL

When the student has selected a topic, a formal proposal is prepared and must be approved by
the thesis or dissertation committee. The proposal details the students proposed research and
provides the opportunity for review and feedback from the committee. The committee may
require revisions prior to approval. Following approval, the student has reasonable confidence
that the committee will approve the thesis or dissertation if it is carried through competently
according to the proposal. Copies of the approved proposal are to be distributed to the
department chair for the departmental file, the major professor, and the student. Any
modifications to the proposal require the approval of the students committee. MFA students
please refer to the Thesis and Dissertation Alternate Format Guide for required elements of the
Script and Proposal.
Format for the Proposal
Chapter Format - Quantitative Research. Proposals that are written in chapters are the
most common but will differ in their content by disciplines and also by the type of proposal (i.e.
quantitative or qualitative research). Students should work closely with the research adviser to
determine the specific content required for the type of research to be conducted and for the
discipline. The proposal is often the first three to four chapters of the students thesis or
dissertation. The proposal is discussed in terms of what will be done in conducting the research.
Table 1 (page 7) presents an example outline of contents generally found in a proposal for
quantitative research organized in chapter format.
Chapter Format - Qualitative Research. Qualitative research proposals may vary
considerably, yet they do contain some common features. The specific theoretical framework
selected for qualitative studies significantly influences the content of the proposal. Table 2 (page
8) presents a sample outline of components for a qualitative research proposal organized in
chapter format.
Alternate Formats. A department may choose to allow the student to submit portions of
a thesis or dissertation in a format ready for submission to a journal in the students field. If an
alternate format will be used for the final thesis or dissertation, the student may also submit the
research proposal in the form of a publishable article; however, it must include comparable
information to the examples given for the chapter formats described above. Furthermore, this
format may be adapted as appropriate for historical or analytical research.
The emphasis in this guide is primarily on scientific/social-scientific research reporting. A
typical thesis or dissertation in the humanities or arts may not be described in these terms. It is
assumed, however, that various parts of a thesis or dissertation in the humanities or arts are
mostly analogous to the parts described in this manual. It may be necessary for departments in
these areas to assist students in making the necessary conversion in terminology.
Table 1
Sample Outline for Quantitative Research Proposal Using a Chapter Format
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Introduction (provides a brief orientation to the reader)

B. Statement of the problem
C. Significance of the problem (addresses the importance of the problem to the
discipline)
D. Statement of the purpose (a clear, concise statement of the purpose of the

study)
E. Theoretical/Conceptual framework (provides a framework for examining the

problem and for linking it to relevant literature)
F. Objectives, hypotheses, research questions (to be derived from the purpose
and framework and provide specific direction for data analysis and
interpretation)
G. Assumptions/theoretical limitations
H. Definition of relevant terms
(subparts E - H are sometimes contained in a single chapter)
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE (Provides an overview of essential

information that will guide the study and illustrates that the researcher has a
command of current knowledge regarding the proposed problem.)
A. Review of relevant literature

B. Review of relevant research literature
C. Summary
CHAPTER III
METHODS AND PROCEDURES Description of the research design (the

general strategy for conducting the study)
A. Population and sample (population to which the findings will be generalized

and from which the sample will be selected, how sample will be selected)
B. Setting (where the study will be conducted)
C. Protection of subjects rights (illustrates recognition and protection of rights
and welfare of subjects)
D. Measurement methods (methods of measuring study variables described,
including instruments)
E. Plans for data collection (the procedure by which the data will be collected,
and who will collect it)
F. Plan for data analysis (statistical analysis techniques which will be used)
G. Limitations (methodological limitations)
H. Study budget and timetable (might be in an appendix)
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Table 2
Sample Outline for Qualitative Research Proposal Using a Chapter Format
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Identification of the phenomenon

B. Study purpose
C. Theoretical framework or philosophy
D. Study questions or aims
E. Significance of the study
F. Identification of assumptions
G. Limitations
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE Relevant literature reviewed (as appropriate

for the type of qualitative study planned).
CHAPTER III
METHODS
A. Researchers credentials (demonstration of researchers ability to conduct the type

of study proposed)
B. Site and population (description of site for study and population to be used)
C. Sample (description of sample and its selection)
D. Data collection process
E. Data analysis (techniques to be used to analyze data)
F. Study budget and timetable (might be located in appendix)
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Formal Presentation of the Research Proposal

Graduate students conducting a thesis or dissertation are required to present their proposal to
their committee, providing members the opportunity to evaluate the students knowledge and
understanding of the proposal as well as the students ability to reason and present logical
explanations to questions related to the research.
The presentation is conducted as a scholarly seminar. The student provides an overview of
the proposal highlighting salient points of the proposed research. Audio-visual aids may
assist in communicating essential points.
Following the presentation there is normally a period for questions and answers. For
example, the student might be asked to explain the rationale and considerations used in
selecting particular theoretical frameworks, instruments, or data analysis techniques.
As a result of the meeting, committee members may suggest changes in the proposal and will
approve or disapprove the proposal for implementation. A committee may ask for revisions to a
proposal before approval.
Sample Documents
SAMPLE NOTICE OF INTENT TO COMPLETE A MASTERS THESIS ........... 10

SAMPLE NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT OF DISSERTATION COMMITTEE .... 11
NOTICE OF INTENT TO COMPLETE A MASTERS THESIS
USE the fillable pdf

"Thesis or Dissertation Committee Selection form"
found at:
http://uca.edu/graduateschool/thesisdissertation/
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL ARKANSAS

NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT OF DISSERTATION COMMITTEE
USE the fillable pdf

"Thesis or Dissertation Committee Selection form"
found at:
http://uca.edu/graduateschool/thesisdissertation/
THESIS & DISSERTATION FORMAT GUIDE

THESIS/DISSERTATION ELEMENTS AND STYLE
This section of the guide is designed to be a basic source of information for thesis or
dissertation preparation. It establishes the technical parameters within which all students should
work, such as quality of paper, margins, the sequence of pages within the manuscript, and the
number of copies to be submitted. Since many graduate students will publish during and after
their graduate education, they are encouraged to use leading professional publications to help
establish specific formatting conventions. Students are also encouraged to use publications
within their field journals and textbooks to assist them in establishing format,
bibliographic form, use of numbers, and other conventions that are discipline oriented.
However, in cases where disciplinary conventions contradict this guide, the guide always takes
precedence.
Style Guides
The student preparing a masters thesis or a doctoral dissertation will use the style manual
acknowledged in his/her discipline as the guide for notes, bibliographies, charts, figures, etc.
Departments will inform students which style manual is appropriate. Manuals frequently used
include the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers; the Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association; Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and
Dissertations; The Chicago Manual of Style; the American Medical Association Manual of Style;
and The American Physical Societys AIP Style Manual. These manuals may also offer guidance
on grammatical questions.
In contrast, previously accepted theses and dissertations should never be used as the final guide
to style. Examples taken from other theses or dissertations may be out of context or may be
incorrect. The existence of a particular style or usage in a previously accepted thesis or
dissertation does not establish a precedent for its continuation.
It is the responsibility of the student and the thesis or dissertation advisor to ensure that the thesis
or dissertation meets standards required by this manual and, at the same time, recognizes the
conventions of the students discipline. Regardless of the discipline-specific format selected for
the thesis or dissertation, certain format requirements are mandatory and are outlined in the
following paragraphs. In addition to the mandatory requirements, suggestions are also provided.
Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 3
The chart below provides a summary of page assignments for components of the thesis or
dissertation.
Outline and Pagination for the Thesis or Dissertation

Components of the Thesis or Dissertation
Title Page
Approval Sheet
Page Assignment
Lower Case Roman Numeral
(Assigned, Not Typed)
Statement of Permission to Use

*Copyright
*Acknowledgment
*Vita
Abstract
Lower Case Roman Numeral

(Typed -Bottom Center)
Table of Contents
List of Tables [if applicable]
List of Figures [if applicable]
List of Symbols and/or Abbreviations
Main Text of Thesis or dissertation
Bibliography or Literature Cited
Appendices
Arabic Numerals
Starting with 1
(First page of each chapter and
Subsequent pages - bottom center.
Suppress page numbers on title pages for
appendices)
* Denotes components that are optional. All other components are mandatory.
Please note: Sample Documents are for margin and spacing guidelines only. Typeface should
match your thesis or dissertation.
Type Face
The type face is to be clear, non-distracting, and consistent throughout the thesis or dissertation.
Note that although there are specific formats to follow for title pages, appendices, etc., the FONT
MUST BE CONSISTENT THROUGHOUT THE TEXT. Exceptions to the selected type face
are allowed for graphs or other illustrations and appendix materials. Script, Old English or other
decorative typefaces are not acceptable. A 10 to 12 point font size is required. Italics may be
used, consistent with the style being followed.
Margins and Justification
To allow for binding, all left hand margins, including those of appendices, must be 1 inches
wide. The other margins should conform to the recommendation of the discipline style being
followed. If margins are not provided in the selected style guidelines, use 1 inch for each of the
top, bottom, and right margins. Right hand justification is not allowed. Full or left justification
may be used, following the selected style guide. Justification must be consistent throughout the
manuscript. Hyphenating words between lines is to be avoided.
Line Spacing
The body of the text must be double spaced, except for blocked quotations, references, footnotes,
and similar elements. In the case of these elements, follow the selected style manual. If the
selected style manual does not specify line spacing for references, single space within the item
and double space between items. Do not split an item from one page to the next.
Ink Color
Black ink is to be used for the thesis or dissertation. Though colored ink may be used for graphs
and illustrations, it will fade over time and so is not recommended. If used, it must be used for all
copies.
Paper
The Graduate School requires two (2) copies be submitted, one on twenty (20) pound weight
acid free or equivalent bond paper, 8 by 11 inches and one copy may be good grade photocopy.
The thesis or dissertation may either be printed initially on this type of paper or may be
professionally photocopied onto it. Consult your department to determine whether the copies for
committee members and the departments copy must be on the same paper or if a good grade
photocopying paper will be acceptable. Erasable paper is not acceptable, nor is carbon copy.
Illustrations
Follow the selected style manual for the titling and formatting of illustrations, including tables,
graphs, figures, drawings, and photographs. In theses or dissertations using a chapter format,
illustrations are normally placed in the text as close as possible to the first narrative referencing
them.
Computer Generated Tables and Graphs

Tables and graphs generated from a statistical program may be integrated into the thesis or
dissertation. Margins of tables must be consistent with the main body of the thesis or
dissertation, and reproductions must be clear and distinct.
Photographs
Photographs may either be reprinted for each copy or professionally photo copied showing all of
the shading, colors, and clarity of the original. Affix photographs securely with mounting
fixative. Do not use tape or photo corners.
Original Documents
Original letters or other similar documents, such as permission to use an instrument or to collect
data in a certain institution, are not normally submitted in the thesis or dissertation. They should
be photocopied on the required paper and the copy submitted as part of the thesis or dissertation.
The originals are retained by the student with the primary research records. The documents may
need to be reduced in order to maintain required margins.
Oversized Documents, Tables, Tapes, Computer Discs, Maps
Oversized materials should be photocopied and reduced to fit within the required margins.
Horizontal (landscaped) orientation is allowed. If necessary, oversized pages may be used,
providing when folded they are no more than 11 inches vertically and do not fold into the
binding margin ( inch on the left). A pocket envelope affixed to the thesis or dissertation may
be used for materials that cannot be folded within the constraints of the thesis or dissertation.
Printing
The thesis or dissertation is to be printed one-sided, using a laser printer, other letter-quality
printer, or typewriter. Dot matrix printing is not acceptable, nor is poor photocopying, poor
ribbon, or uneven toner.
Pagination
Follow the requirements of the selected style manual for numbering the pages. If the style manual
does not provide guidelines for documents with chapters, title pages, and similar elements, use the
following guidelines: a) do not print the page number on title pages, but count them in the
sequence of numbers; b) number the additional pages before the text in the lower center of the
page, using lower case Roman numerals; c) beginning with the first page of the text through to
the end of the text, use Arabic numbers starting with the number 1; d) the number is placed at the
bottom center of the page; e) do not number the title pages of appendices, but count them in the
sequence of numbers. Continue using Arabic numbers for the appendices, progressing from the
last number of the text, placing them in the bottom center of the page. Numbers of landscaped
pages must also show the page number in the bottom center of the page when bound.
Elements of the Thesis/Dissertation

Elements which were included in the proposal (introduction, review of literature,
methodology, references, and appendices) are also included in the final
thesis/dissertation. In the proposal these were discussed in terms of what will
be done in conducting the research but are now discussed in terms of what
was completed in the research. Also included are a summary of the results of
the research and a discussion of the implications of the research. These sections
appear as chapters 4 and 5 in a chapter format document. The following are brief
descriptions of the common elements of a thesis or dissertation.
Preliminary Pages
Title Page. This page marks the beginning of the actual thesis or dissertation. The
wording and format of the title page must conform exactly to that shown in Sample
Document page 20. The title of the thesis or dissertation should clearly describe the contents of
the thesis/dissertation and should facilitate ease of location on a subject index through the use of
key words. The student must use the same name that he/she uses to register at the University.
The title page is considered page i in the front matter Roman numeral sequence, but is left
unnumbered. The first line of the title is typed in the center of the general page margins in allcapital letters on a line two inches from the top of the page. The remaining title page copy is
centered, as illustrated in Sample Document page 20, and is spaced vertically to present an
optical balance on the page. The date indicated on this page must correspond to the month and
year of official graduation (commencement) even if this does not correspond exactly with the
actual date of completion of the thesis.
Approval Sheet. The approval sheet documents that the student's advisory committee
has recommended the approval of the thesis or dissertation to the Graduate School. Each copy
of the thesis or dissertation submitted to the Graduate School must have an original approval
sheet conforming to the same paper and format requirements as the main text of the thesis or
dissertation. The first line of the approval page rests on a line two inches from the top of the
page and is flush with the left margin. The second line begins six spaces in from the left margin.
Three spaces separate the first signature line (typed as a solid underline) from the last line of the
approval statement, and each subsequent signature line from the name above it. Names of the
committee members are typed one space below the signature lines.
The approval page must be exactly as shown in Sample Document page 21 and must have a
number of signature lines equal to the number of thesis or dissertation committee members. All
copies must bear the original signatures of the thesis or dissertation committee. Approval
sheets are not numbered, but are counted in the Roman numeral numbering sequence.
Statement of Permission to Use. Torreyson Library is the only avenue of access to

complete these/dissertations at the University of Central Arkansas. The Statement of Permission
to Use allows the library to provide copies of the thesis or dissertation for scholarly purposes
without the need to secure further permission from the author. All copies of the thesis or
dissertation submitted to the Graduate School for consideration must include a completed and
signed Statement of Permission to Use. The wording and format shown in Sample Document
page 22 must be adhered to strictly. (See Thesis/Dissertation Defense Guide section for
information on copyright. See Sample Document page 23 for formatting information.
Acknowledgment. This page provides the author an opportunity to thank those who have
assisted in attainment of the graduate degree. In addition to mentioning individuals, this section
may also include acknowledgments to agencies that have provided financial support for the
project. Bear in mind that the thesis or dissertation is a professional document and that the tone
of the acknowledgment must be appropriate for scholarly work.
Vita. The vita provides the reviewer with academic and professional information about
the author. Inclusion of the vita is optional.
Abstract. The abstract provides a brief summary of the main text of the thesis or
dissertation. Appropriate components of the abstract include a statement of purpose of the
project, brief summary of the methodology used during the course of the project, a concise
summary of the findings, and conclusions reached based upon the results obtained.
As previously noted, it is strongly recommended that the main text of the thesis or dissertation
conform to the manuscript guidelines for an appropriate disciplinary journal to facilitate
submission of the work for publication. In line with this recommendation, the abstract should
also conform to the same guidelines. Abstracts should fall within the range of 100 to 200
words.
Table of Contents. The Table of Contents should include a list of all preliminary pages
to which page numbers have been assigned and all other components included in the thesis or
dissertation. Subsections and individual chapters corresponding to the main text should be listed
individually. Page numbers must be included for all listed items. An example can be found in
Sample Document page 24.
List of Table/List of Figures. All tables appearing in the document (including those
located in appendices) should be listed by title and page number. Similarly, on a separate
page, all figures appearing in the document should be listed. The titles used should correspond
exactly to the titles given to the tables and figures in the body of the thesis or dissertation.
List of Symbols and/or Abbreviations. Definitions of special symbols or
abbreviations are of significant benefit to the reader of the thesis or dissertation. While this
does not relieve the author of the responsibility of defining abbreviations and symbols within
the text the first time they are used, it does provide a convenient source of reference.
Main Text
Text is a generic term to refer to the main body of the thesis or dissertation. The manuscript
must be divided into a logical scheme that is followed consistently throughout the work.
Chapters are the most common major division, but sections and parts are also permissible (see
Alternate Format Guide Section page 25). Any logical system of subdivision within chapters or
sections may be used, but the scheme must be consistent throughout the manuscript.
Bibliography/List of References
The thesis or dissertation must include a list of materials used in the preparation of the
manuscript. This may consist only of references cited in the text (List of References) or it may
include works consulted as well (Bibliography). The format for citations is determined by the
style guide selected by the department.
Appendices
In carrying out any research endeavor, many activities are conducted that may not be reported as
part of a formal manuscript but may provide additional insight as to the completeness of the
project. The number and type of appendices that are to be included should be determined by the
thesis candidate in consultation with his/her thesis advisor and advisory committee. The title
page for each appendix should include a brief explanatory bridge statement that links the
information contained in the appendix to the main text of the thesis. The format of the appendices
should be consistent with that used throughout the remainder of the text.
Discipline- and Project-Specific Appendices. The following example appendices are
listed to illustrate instances where the inclusion of additional information in the thesis/dissertation
may be mandatory. This list is not comprehensive and should not be used to justify the omission
of information required by a particular discipline.
1.
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All protocols involving the use of
warm-blooded vertebrate animals must receive approval from this committee prior to
the initiation of the experiments. Include the approval letter.
2. Institutional Review Board for the Use of Human Subjects. All research involving
human subjects must be approved by this committee. Do not include materials that
would allow human subjects to be identified. Include the approval letter.
3. Letter of Permission to Collect Data. (If privacy/confidentiality needs to be maintained,
white out the site name, address, etc.)
4. Data Collection Instruments.
5. Others as required by discipline and/or by unique characteristics of the individual study.
Sample Documents
SAMPLE TITLE PAGE .................. 20

SAMPLE APPROVAL PAGE ......... 21
SAMPLE PERMISSION PAGE ...... 22
SAMPLE COPYRIGHT .................. 23
SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS . 24
2 inch top margin

1 inch
left margin
(for binding)
A DISCRIMINATIVE STUDY OF METHODS FOR THE

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF FLUORINE
by
William Harold Robert
A thesis presented to the Department of Biology

and the Graduate School of University of Central Arkansas in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science
in
Biology
Conway, Arkansas
May 2009
2 inch bottom margin
Month & Year

of commencement,
not defense
Title in all
CAPITALS,
double
spaced,
same font size
as main body
2 inch top margin
TO THE OFFICE OF GRADUATE STUDIES:

The members of the Committee approve the thesis of
[insert name of student here] presented on [insert date of thesis defense here].
1 inch
left margin
(for binding)
[insert name], Committee Chairperson
[insert committee member name here]
2 inch top margin

PERMISSION
1 inch
left margin
(for binding)
Title
A Discriminative Study of Methods for the Quantitative Determination of

Flourine
Department
Biology
Degree
Master of Science
In presenting this thesis/dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduate

degree from the University of Central Arkansas, I agree that the Library of this
University shall make it freely available for inspections. I further agree that permission
for extensive copying for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor who
supervised my thesis/dissertation work, or, in the professors absence, by the Chair of the
Department or the Dean of the Graduate School. It is understood that due recognition
shall be given to me and to the University of Central Arkansas in any scholarly use which
may be made of any material in my thesis/dissertation.
[your signature goes here]

[type your name here]
April 15, 2009 [todays date]
1 inch
left margin
(for binding)
2009 Jane L. Doe
center on the
page vertically
1 inch
left margin
(for binding)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................... iv
Vita................................................................................................................................................................. v
Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ vi
List of Tables .............................................................................................................................................. ix
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................. xii
Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1
Chapter 2 Review of Literature ................................................................................................................ 13
Chapter 3 Methodology............................................................................................................................. 24
Chapter 4 Results ....................................................................................................................................... 54
Chapter 5 Discussion and Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 71
Chapter 6 Summary ................................................................................................................................... 89
List of References....................................................................................................................................... 94
Appendices ................................................................................................................................................. 99
Appendix A................................................................................................................................................. 98
Appendix B............................................................................................................................................... 100
THESIS & DISSERTATION MFA & ALTERNATE FORMAT GUIDE

MFA in Digital Filmmaking
Alternate Formatting Guidelines for Required Elements of the Proposal and Thesis
The Script and Proposal:
-Students submit a proposal and script in Spring of their second year. These must be presented
and defended in an oral meeting before approval is given by the thesis committee to begin the
thesis project.
-The script should be 20 to 30 pages long and conform to all formatting guidelines and stylistic
features of the standardized spec script. These include a plain font (Courier or Times New
Roman), pagination in the upper right hand corner of the page, and 1.5 margins.
-The proposal should be 10-15 pages (1.5 inch left margin, 1 inch all other margins, double
spaced, upper right corner pagination). The proposal should include the following elements:
1. Abstract - Executive Summary about the elements of the proposal
2. Artists Statement
a. This is about the filmmaker rather than the film. Discuss your goals as a
filmmaker in general. Why have you chosen to be a filmmaker? How do you
expect to use your skills as a filmmaker for your career?
b. Discuss your personal objective of the film being produced for the Thesis (besides
fulfilling the requirements for the degree of course). Why are you doing this film?
Is there a personal and/or intellectual goal driving the development of your film?
3. Production Treatment
a. Story Summary
b. Concept Statement this is your one to two sentence pitch that encapsulates the
story and style of your film (basically the films logline)
c. Intended Audience and Genre
d. Scenery and/or Location Needs
e. Required Resources - Camera(s), Lighting, Audio, Studio, etc.
f. Limitations
i. Describe known limitations for the project. This may include budget
constraints and/or talent availability.
ii. Other limitations could exist in facility or infrastructure use and
availability.
g. Style
i. Mise en scene production design, costumes, props, locations, etc.
ii. Cinematography composition, camera movement, tonal qualities, etc.
Thesis& Disser tation MF A/Alternate For mat Guide 26
iii. Editing pace, rhythm, etc.

iv. Sound music, sound effects, etc.
4. Literature Review This section is required for films that rely on research, such as
historical, scientific, technological, and/or location references.
a. Briefly discuss your sources for information, such as the Internet, library
resources, and/or personal interviews.
b. Include information regarding which sources were the most useful and provide
some insights on how this information informs your script, such as which aspects
of the references are most useful and which parts will you omit.
c. Bibliography
5. Script Analysis
a. A breakdown of the film with protagonists goal for the film, the protagonists
goal for each scene, and a breakdown of action/conflict beats for each scene.
6. Conclusion - This section is added to the proposal after post-production has completed.
a. Details how well the finished film accomplished the original vision the student set
out to achieve.
Thesis Materials:
-The completed thesis project will include the following elements, which must be submitted prior
to the defense meeting:
1. Three copies of the completed 20 to 30 minute film. Two standard definition copies on a
playable DVD, and one Quicktime version in its original High-Definition resolution on a data
DVD.
2. One bound original on bond paper of the production proposal, with a new, added Conclusions
section, and all language changed to past tense, and the final script in proper format with original
signatures of thesis committee on the approval page. Bound copies can be made at the
Periodicals/Serials Department of the library for $7.95 per copy. The thesis approval page will
not be signed until these items are turned in and the thesis is approved by the committee.
3. A production book containing all relevant pre-production and production paperwork,
including, but not limited to: script breakdown sheets, storyboards, shooting schedule, element
lists (props, costumes, etc.), and all necessary release forms (actor, location, music, etc.), as well
as creative documents, including shot lists, set plans, and script analysis.
-After all corrections requested by the thesis or dissertation committee have been made, the
student must submit the following to the Graduate School:
1) Two copies of the movie on a playable DVD-R.
2) Two unbound copies on bond paper of the production proposal and script with original
signatures of the thesis committee on the approval page.
3) The signed routing form (Appendix A).
Formatting guidelines, samples of the approval page and other documents, and relevant forms
such as the routing form can be found in the Thesis and Dissertation Handbook.
The Creative Writing MFA Thesis

All Creative Writing MFA candidates will turn in a thesis that demonstrates growth and
proficiency in the core areas (forms, theory, and practice) of Creative Writing. The thesis will be
assessed through the attached rubric:
Requirements:
Theses must include the following materials:
A 5-10 page introduction on how the students experience as a creative writing major has
transformed the student as a literary and/or mixed media artist, or a 5-10 page critical
introduction to the work which addresses relevant theory, artistic influences, and/or historical
context. End notes will be expected and a bibliography if appropriate.
At least 70 pages of poetry or 100 pages of prose (not including the intro, notes and/or
bibliography) formatted to the expectations of UCAs Graduate School.
The approval of the thesis advisor, members of the thesis committee and the Chair of the
Department of Writing.
Item 3:
In addition to a traditional letter grade, students will also be assessed according to the following
Assessment Grid:
Rating Guide
E
A
U
Exceptional
Acceptable
Unacceptable
All MFA graduates should achieve at least the acceptable level for all criteria. For the
exceptional level, the target is 30% of all Creative Writing MFAs.
Thesis & Dissertation MFA & Alternate For mat Guide 29
Thesis Rubric
Criteria
Demonstrate
proficiency as
critical readers of
Creative Writing
texts
Unacceptable
Student exhibits
Acceptable
Student exhibits
Exceptional
Student exhibits
inability to employ
appropriate
vocabulary to
describe the
features of
passages in poetic,
prose, dramatic,
nonfiction, and
mixed-media texts
ability to employ
appropriate
vocabulary to
describe the features
of passages in
poetic, prose,
dramatic, nonfiction,
and mixed-media
texts
exceptional ability in
breadth and depth to
employ appropriate
vocabulary to describe the
features of passages in
poetic, prose, dramatic,
nonfiction, and mixedmedia texts
inability to use
such observations
to formulate and
support interpretive
positions and offer
suggestions for
revision where
appropriate
Demonstrate
inability to write
competency in
original works
forms of poetry,
including: poetry,
fiction, nonfiction, fiction, nonfiction,
scriptwriting, or
dramatic scripts, or
mixed-media
mixed-media
material
Demonstrate
inability to grasp
competency in
professional
being acquainted
expectations of
with the culture of several forms
several specific
pertaining to
forms outside the
literary
classroom
submissions,
publishing markets,
manuscript
formatting,
performance
possibilities,
technological
innovations, and
pedagogical
theories
ability to use such

observations to
formulate and
support interpretive
positions and offer
suggestions for
revision where
appropriate
ability to write
original works
including: poetry,
fiction, nonfiction,
dramatic scripts, or
mixed-media
material
ability to grasp
professional
expectations of
several forms
pertaining to literary
submissions,
publishing markets,
manuscript
formatting,
performance
possibilities,
technological
innovations, and
pedagogical theories
breadth and depth to use
such observations to
formulate and support
interpretive positions and
offer suggestions for
revision where appropriate
breadth and depth to write
original works including:
poetry, fiction, nonfiction,
dramatic scripts, or mixedmedia material
breadth and depth to grasp
professional expectations of
several forms pertaining to
literary submissions,
publishing markets,
manuscript formatting,
performance possibilities,
technological innovations,
and pedagogical theories
Alternate Formats
A department may choose to allow students to submit a thesis or dissertation in a format such
that it is ready for submission to a journal in the discipline. A student using this format must also
include information and forms required by the University, as outlined in this manual. This
approach to the preparation of a thesis differs from the standard format in that the student will
select the journal to which the paper is to be submitted and will follow the journals guidelines
for its publication style. This may result in a re-ordering of the contents of the thesis/dissertation.
The literature review, for example, may appear in the appendices, while the body of the
thesis/dissertation (article) appears immediately following the appropriate section (title page,
acknowledgment, abstract, table of contents, list of tables, and list of figures).
It is the responsibility of the student and his/her research advisor to ensure that the thesis
or dissertation adheres to the particular requirements of the journal to which the
manuscript is to be submitted as well as the requirements of this manual.
The Manuscript
Because professional journals have widely varying guidelines for manuscript preparation,
the format and division of the text into sections must correspond to the chosen journal. The
journal and the style must be approved by the thesis or dissertation advisor. The standard
elements of most research reports include an introduction, materials and methods, results,
discussion, literature cited, tables, and figures.
1.
Introduction. A well-written introduction provides the framework for the organization

of the remaining portions of paper. The literature review contained in the introduction
must provide sufficient background information to clearly show the need for the study at
hand but should not be as extensive as the literature review required in the appendix (see
below). The introduction should clearly define the purpose of the study or the problem
being investigated. It should also describe the approach taken to investigate the problem
and may conclude with a brief summary of the results of the project.
2.
Materials and Methods. This section should be concise. Depending on the individual
field of study, descriptions of materials may or may not be necessary. If included, the
materials section should catalog the important items used in performing the research
along with the source of each item. Items supplied by the same vendor should be
grouped. A common mistake made by beginning authors is simply to list items used
without incorporating them into the text. A materials list is part of the main text and should
follow the same format used for all other parts of the manuscript.
General methodologies used in the study should be described under Materials and
Methods. A sufficient description should be provided to allow the reader to replicate the
work. In some instances it may be appropriate to cite previously reported methods
followed by a description of the modifications employed in the present investigation.
If University Compliance Committee approval was obtained, state this in this section.
Remember to place a copy of the approval letter in the appendices.
3.
Results. In this section the data obtained from research are reported. The results should
be presented in such to describe the project. It is not critical that individual results be
reported in exactly the same sequence as they were obtained. The tables and figures
should be referenced in the text of the results, since they contain the primary data. The
author should avoid duplicating data contained in the tables and figures and should
instead summarize the information in the text. It is critical that the narrative flow from
one result to the next. Solid transitional and topic sentences are essential. The results
section should not include a significant
4.
Discussion. In this section the significance of the work is defined and discussed in the
context of the literature. The discussion section does not report results. Most readers
acquire an impression of the discussion section based upon the material that they read at
the beginning and at the end of the section. Therefore, one should start with the most
important information and end with a positive conclusion concerning the most significant
result from the study.
5.
Literature Cited. The format of this section will vary depending upon the selected.
Special care should be taken to ensure that all citations are correct in terms of authors,
titles, dates, journal, volume and issue numbers, and page numbers.
6.
Tables. Tables provide a convenient means of presenting significant amounts of

related data in a way that has meaning independent of the text. All tables should
adhere to the following general rules:
7.
A)
The title should be simple, clear, and descriptive of the data

presented.
B)
Column headings must be accurate and include the units for the data
presented.
C)
The data should be in an uncluttered arrangement that is easy to read.
Figures. Like tables, figures should be constructed in such a way that they have meaning
independent of the text. The purpose of the figure should be readily apparent by visual
inspection. Keeping in mind the guidelines set forth by the chosen journal, the following
generalities should serve as a starting point for the construction of all figures:
A)
The title should be simple, clear, and descriptive of the information

presented.
B)
The legend must contain sufficient information for interpreting the

figure.
C)
The figure should be uncrowded with a balance between

information and white space.
D)
The symbols used must clearly distinguished between different data

sets presented in the same figure.
E)
All text in figures and legends must be proportioned to remain

legible after photographic reduction.
Appendices
In addition to the list of discipline- or project-specific appendices listed on pages 13 - 14, the thesis
or dissertation using an alternate format may include appendices to provide additional insight as
to the completeness of the research. The following is a list of suggested appendices that may be
included in the thesis/dissertation. While only the extended literature review is mandatory, the
remaining appendices are strongly recommended and may be required by the committee based
on the nature of the thesis/dissertation. As with the thesis/dissertation written in a chapter format,
the number and type of appendices to be included should be determined by the student in
consultation with the faculty research advisor and the thesis or dissertation committee.
1.
Extended Literature Review. As the author of a masters thesis or doctoral dissertation,

the student should have a solid mastery of the subject area. A broad knowledge of the
literature in the field of study must be acquired. In this section the full review of the
literature should be presented. The literature review should be independent of the
introduction presented in the main text of the thesis and should be more comprehensive.
This section should include the highlights of previous research relevant to the authors
thesis project and should be written as a critical examination of the previous works in the
field. Studies having only a slight bearing on the topic should not be included as these
will give the impression that the author has simply cataloged a long list of authors and
titles as opposed to having conducted a careful analysis. The review should draw general
conclusions concerning the current state of knowledge in the field and should integrate
the present study as an extension of this body of knowledge. References to the literature
in this section should follow the format used in the manuscript section and should be
continuous with the previous sections of the thesis.
2.
Supplementary Materials and Methods. This section provides the opportunity to

describe additional approaches used in the study that were not included in the main body
of the thesis. In addition, descriptions of methodologies that were abbreviated in the
previous section due to restrictions imposed by the journal submission guidelines can be
expanded in this section. Examples of information that may be relevant include complete
descriptions of unique experimental apparatus used, copies of tests or questionnaires, or
specific instructions given to human subjects who participated in the study.
3.
Supplementary Results. Data and information in support of the main body of the thesis
should be presented in this section. Types of information may include the results of
preliminary studies, other supporting experiments, and extended analysis of data presented
in the main text. These may include, but are not limited to, tables representing the results
of statistical analysis, validity and reliability information, and additional tables and
figures.
4.
Additional References. The literature-cited section described in the manuscript section

above should contain citations to all the literature used in preparation of the main text that
is to be submitted for publication. The extended literature review will, in all likelihood,
require more citations to be made. These additional references should be listed in this
appendix and should conform to the same format guidelines as used in the main text. The
opening paragraph should explain that this appendix contains only those references that
are not part of the main text.
THESIS & DISSERTATION DEFENSE GUIDE

The Thesis or Dissertation Defense
It is important for the student to pay careful attention to the deadlines established for each step in
the graduate program. When the thesis or dissertation has been completed, each committee
member must be provided a copy with adequate time to read it and to provide feedback to the
student. When all committee members have read the thesis or dissertation and approved it in
substance, an oral examination of the candidate will be held. The oral examination is principally a
defense of the thesis or dissertation. This provides an opportunity for the student to present his/her
work to the committee formally and for the committee to indicate its acceptance or to require
further work to make it acceptable. This defense must be successfully completed in time for the
thesis or dissertation to be in the office of the Graduate Dean at least two weeks prior to the
date of graduation. The Graduate Dean, college dean and department chair should be provided
with a copy of the thesis or dissertation and invited to attend the examination, which is also open to
the public. Each department will establish and publish the protocol/procedures for the defense
presentation, questioning of the candidate, and voting by the committee; the criteria for
passing/failing; and policies and timelines for re-examination if the candidate fails.
SUBMISSION OF THE THESIS OR DISSERTATION TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
and UMI ProQuest
After all corrections requested by the thesis or dissertation committee have been made, the student
must submit to the Graduate School a hard copy draft of the document to be reviewed for
formatting compliance. Once the document is in compliance with formatting requirements, the
student must submit to the Graduate School; one unbound original on acid-free archival paper with
original signatures of the thesis or dissertation committee on the Approval Page (Sample
Document page 21) and original signature of the student on the Permission to Use page (Sample
Document page 22), and one unbound copy of the thesis or dissertation with original signatures of
the thesis or dissertation committee on the Approval Page and original signature of the student on
the Permission to Use page. The documents are to be submitted in an appropriately-sized envelope
that will accommodate both copies of the thesis/dissertation. The dissertation/thesis must be
accompanied by the signed routing form (Sample Document page 41). Final verification that all
requirements have been met will be given by the Graduate Dean who will notify the student and
committee chair. The original on acid-free paper bond paper and its copy will be forwarded to the
library where it will be bound. One copy will be archived and one will be placed in Torreyson
Library for student use. Consult with your department to see if they require additional copies.
Binding of additional copies (department or personal copies) is available. These additional
copies are to be taken directly to the Periodicals/Serials Department in the library. Do not bring
them to the Graduate School office. Payment for these copies must be made BEFORE leaving
these copies for binding. The current cost is $8.20 per copy. Departments must submit a signed
Supplies and Services Requisition form and students may pay by check or cash.
Thesis & Dissertation Defense Guide 35
SUBMISSION OF T HE THESIS OR DISSERTATION TO PROQUEST

The website address for publishing guidelines and submission is http://www.etdadmin.com/uca
and technical assistance is 1-877-408-5027. Read and follow all instructions carefully. You will be
contacted by email once your thesis/dissertation has been reviewed by the Graduate School and
approved. Additional Resources and Guidelines can be found at
http://www.etdadmin.com/cgi-bin/main/resources?siteId=361#guides
SUBMISSION STEPS:
1. Create an account on the UMI submission site http://www.etdadmin.com/uca.
2. Convert your document to a PDF file. If converted properly, the conversion to PDF format
should not affect the quality of the original document.
3. Agree to the ProQuest/UMI publishing agreement.
4. Upload the PDF file and any supplemental files.
Acceptable file formats for supplemental files can be found on the UMI requirements page.
Although the UMI submission site discusses mailing in documents with very large
supplementary files on a CD-ROM, UCA will not accept submissions in this manner.
5.
Choose whether or not you would like UMI to file a copyright on your behalf. Keep in
mind that there is a charge to copyright. The following link provides guidance on avoiding
copyright infringement and protecting the copyright you have on your graduate work submitted
to ProQuest. http://www.umi.com/assets/downloads/products/UMI_CopyrightGuide.pdf
Open Access Compared to Traditional Publishing

What is Open Access?
The now-common usage of the term "open access" means freely available for viewing or
downloading by anyone with access to the internet. Sometimes a distinction is made for "limited
open access" meaning that material is available free of charge to a limited group of authorized
users. Our usage of "open access" means the former; that is, dissertations and theses published
for Open Access with ProQuest/UMI will be available at no charge for viewing or downloading
by anyone with access to the internet, indefinitely.
What is Traditional Publishing?
Traditional publishing at UMI corresponds with the model that generated the publishing
industry as soon as mass-reproduction of printed material was possible. That is, the owner of
intellectual property and author of the work contracts with the publisher to reproduce, distribute,
and sell copies of the work. The publisher pays the author a certain portion of the revenue thus
generated. That is why we also refer to our Traditional Publishing model as the "copy sales and
royalty payments" model. It's been our business model since 1938, and we've paid out hundreds
of thousands of dollars in royalties to the authors of dissertations and theses over the decades.
More information can be found at http://www.etdadmin.com/UMI_PublishingOptionsGuide.pdf
Fees
Publishing Services
Traditional Publishing
Open Access Publishing
Copyright Service
Doctoral Dissertations
No Charge
No Charge
$55
Masters Theses
No Charge
No Charge
$55
For binding services and fees please contact the UCA Library at 501-450-5252.
COPYRIGHT
Understanding copyright rights as thesis or dissertation author
A copyright is a form of legal protection given to authors of intellectual works. This protection
is provided by federal law to the owners of Original works of authorship fixed in any tangible
medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived,
reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or
device. The Copyright Act of 1976 defines these works as including, but not being limited to,
the following: literary works; musical works, including any accompanying words; dramatic
works, including any accompanying music; sound recordings; motion pictures and other
audiovisual works; pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works; and pantomimes and
choreographic works. Copyright protection does not extend to an idea or concept: it extends
only to the work in which the idea or concept is embodied. The writer of a thesis or
dissertation has created an original work of authorship and is entitled to rights under the
copyright law.
Numerous works produced by the United States Government are not copyrightable. United
States Code Annotated 17-1-105 prohibits copyright protection for federal government works,
including reports written by employees of federal agencies as part of their public function. Works
produced by non-government officials with the aid of federal funding are often considered
federal works produced by federal employees; however, they may or may not be eligible for
copyright protection under this law.
The fact that the author has a federal grant does not automatically put the work in the public
domain. The terms of the grant should be reviewed carefully to determine who may claim the
copyright to the original work. As the law is written, the government agency concerned can
determine in each case whether to allow the grantee to secure copyright in works prepared in
whole or in part with the use of government funds.
The effect of section 105 is intended to place all works of the U.S. Government, published or
unpublished, in the public domain. This means that the employee or grantee who wrote
the work could not secure copyright in it or restrain its dissemination by the government or
anyone else, but it also means that, as far as the copyright law is concerned, the government
could not restrain the employee or grantee from disseminating the work if he or she
chooses to do so. The use of the term work of the United States Government does not mean
that a work falling within the definition of that term is the property of the U.S. Government.
To determine if this Federal Law may apply to a thesis or dissertation, the federal grant
agreement should be reviewed and contact made with the appropriate federal agency if there
are any questions concerning the terms of the grant.
The Protection of a Copyright
The protection of a copyright prevents others from taking credit for or gaining profit from work
without consent of the author. According to the Copyright Act of 1976, the author of the original
work automatically holds copyright protection for the work without making notice or formal
registration. In the case of the thesis or dissertation, the scholarly endeavor immediately
becomes the property of the author and nothing further, such as publication of a copyright notice
or registration with the Copyright Office, is needed to secure the copyright. The authors rights
are protected automatically when the work is created. A work is created as soon as the work is
fixed in a tangible medium for the first time. Once the work is made tangible, the author
controls the right to print, sell, distribute, perform, display, and revise the work. Therefore,
before anyone can copy an authors work, permission must be obtained from the copyright
owner. Failure to do so would be an infringement on the owners rights, allowing the copyright
holder to seek damages against improper use of the original work.
If the work was created on or after January 1, 1978, the copyright protection extends from the
moment the work was created, through the lifetime of the author, plus an additional 50 years
after the authors death.
There are a few factors that limit the copyright owners exclusive rights to the original work. The
concept of Fair Use is one limiting factor on copyright protection. Fair use is a right given to
others whereby they may use copyrighted material in a reasonable manner without consent of the
copyright owner. Others may reproduce portions of the original work, without consent or
permission, for purposes such as scholarly criticism, research, teaching, and news reporting.
Also, in certain circumstances, libraries are allowed to reproduce copyrighted material without
the permission of the copyright owner.
Copyright Registration
Under current law, copyright protection begins from the first moment of its tangible existence
without any formal action required on the part of the original author. As of March 1, 1989, it is
no longer necessary to place a copyright notice on published copies of a work publicly distributed
on or after March 1, 1989 for that work to be entitled to copyright protection. However, there are
certain legal advantages that are available only if formal copyright registration is obtained. It is
strongly recommended that, as the author of an original work, you give public notification and
follow mandatory deposit guidelines to afford your work the highest level of protection under
copyright law.
1.
Advantages of Registration
A)
Registration (before or within five years after the first publication of the
work) is prima facie evidence of the validity of the copyright and of the
facts stated on the registration certificate;
B)
Registration required to file suit for copyright infringement;
C)
Attorneys fees and statutory damages (i.e.., damages which may be

collected by a successful copyright infringement plaintiff even in the absence
of a showing of actual damages or lost profits) are not available where a

work was unregistered at the time of infringement unless the work was
registered within three months after the first publication;
2.
D)
Registration establishes a public record of the copyright claim; and
E)
The registration may be recorded with the U.S. Customs Service which will
impound (and possibly destroy) imported infringing copies of the
copyrighted work.
Public Notification
Public notification is the responsibility of the author and requires no advanced
registration or permission from the U. S. Copyright Office. A proper notice should
be fixed in such a way as to give reasonable notice of the copyright claim and
should contain the following elements: (Sample Document page 23)
3.
A)
The symbol , the word copyright, or the abbreviation Copr."
B)
The year of first publication of the original work;
C)
The name of the owner of copyright in the work;
D)
For example, a proper notification would look like this 2009 Jane L. Doe.
Mandatory Deposit Guidelines

Works published, with or without notice of copyright, are required to meet certain
federal deposit guidelines. The term Published is defined as the distribution of
copies or phonorecords of a work to the public by sale or other transfer of
ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. Mandatory Federal guidelines are as
follows.
A)
The Owner of a copyright is required to submit two copies of the original

work to the Library of Congress along with the application form and a
$30.00 deposit fee within three months of the date of original publication.
B)
If the deposit is not made, the author could be subject to certain fines and
penalties, none of which, however, would affect the copyright protection. The
Graduate Office strongly encourages students to place notice of
copyright in the thesis or dissertation and to meet the mandatory deposit
guidelines. Complying with these legal formalities will make the copyright a
matter of public record, giving the author more authority over use of the
work. Furthermore, it is necessary that a copyright registration be filed before
an infringement suit can begin. A sample registration packet is located in the
Office of Graduate Studies. For a copyright registration application and
answers to copyright and registration questions, detailed information can be

found at http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright/ , the official web site for the United
States Copyright Office.
Limitations of the Copyright
Copyright statutes apply only to the expression of ideas and the body of work in which the
ideas are contained. It does not apply to the ideas, facts, processes, and discoveries
themselves. Precise duplications of the copyrighted material are protected, but the ideas within
the medium can be freely copied, discussed, and/or transmitted. For example, an author may
create a cookbook containing original recipes and the processes and procedures required to
make each dish. The authors copyright protection would extend only to copying the book. It
does not protect the processes and procedures described within. Anyone is free to follow the
procedures in the book without illegally infringing upon the copyright protection. If the thesis
or dissertation contains the blueprint for a mechanical device, written computer software
information, details of medical discoveries, improvements in medical rehabilitation services,
or an invention of an original nature, copyright laws will not ensure that the original author
receives credit for the idea nor that the details of the idea contained within the scholarly work
are protected against unwanted reproduction. Authors of a scholarly work of this nature may
want to consider seeking information about other types of intellectual property protection, such
as patents. Additional information for preparing your thesis or dissertation can be found at
http://www.umi.com/hp/Support/DServices/prepare/copyrigh.htm .
CONCLUSION
The masters thesis is often the students first display of advanced scholarly writing, and the
doctoral dissertation for the PhD. candidate is a demonstration that he or she is capable of the
skills required for acceptance into the select world of advanced scholarship. The quality of
approved theses and dissertations affects the academic reputation of the University of Central
Arkansas. The Graduate School Office staff and the Graduate Dean are available to assist
graduate students and faculty in understanding the various policies and procedures that must be
followed to complete the thesis or dissertation requirements successfully.
Sample Documents
DISSERTATION/THESIS APPROVAL ROUTING FORM ....................... 41
Dissertation/Thesis Approval
Routing Form
The (dissertation or thesis) of [insert students name here] entitled [insert title of
dissertation/thesis here] has been reviewed and approved by the (Dissertation or Thesis)
committee and all departmental, college, and university policies and procedures have been
followed.
Dissertation/Thesis Committee Chair
(Date)
Department Chair
(Date)
College Dean
(Date)
Graduate Dean
(Date)

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Thesis and Dissertation

THESIS & DISSERTATION PREPARATION AND PROPOSAL GUIDE ................................ 1

THESIS & DISSERTATION PR EPARATION AND PROPOSAL GUIDE

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 2

Before completing fifteen hours of graduate credit (thirty in Counseling and

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 3

Verification of successful completion of the comprehensive examination and/or the

Approval of the dissertation topic by the major research professor/advisor and

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 4

established by the department and a notice of intent to complete a dissertation competed.

Verification of successful completion of the comprehensive examination, scholarly

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 5

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 6

THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 7

A. Introduction (provides a brief orientation to the reader)

D. Statement of the purpose (a clear, concise statement of the purpose of the

E. Theoretical/Conceptual framework (provides a framework for examining the

REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE (Provides an overview of essential

A. Review of relevant literature

METHODS AND PROCEDURES Description of the research design (the

A. Population and sample (population to which the findings will be generalized

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 8

A. Identification of the phenomenon

REVIEW OF LITERATURE Relevant literature reviewed (as appropriate

A. Researchers credentials (demonstration of researchers ability to conduct the type

Formal Presentation of the Research Proposal

SAMPLE NOTICE OF INTENT TO COMPLETE A MASTERS THESIS ........... 10

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 10

NOTICE OF INTENT TO COMPLETE A MASTERS THESIS

USE the fillable pdf

Thesis & Dissertation Preparation and Proposal Guide 11

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL ARKANSAS

USE the fillable pdf

THESIS & DISSERTATION FORMAT GUIDE

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 3

Outline and Pagination for the Thesis or Dissertation

Statement of Permission to Use

Lower Case Roman Numeral

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 4

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 5

Computer Generated Tables and Graphs

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 6

Elements of the Thesis/Dissertation

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 7

Statement of Permission to Use. Torreyson Library is the only avenue of access to

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 1 8

SAMPLE TITLE PAGE .................. 20

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 2 0

2 inch top margin

A DISCRIMINATIVE STUDY OF METHODS FOR THE

A thesis presented to the Department of Biology

2 inch bottom margin

Month & Year

Thesis & Dissertation F or mat Style Guide 2 1

2 inch top margin

TO THE OFFICE OF GRADUATE STUDIES:

[insert name], Committee Chairperson

[insert committee member name here]

[insert committee member name here]