HISTORY

PangASINan was one of the early provinces into which the island of Luzon was divided after the arrival of the Spaniards.
Pangasinan was then formally created as a province by Governor-General Ronquillo de Penalosa in 1850. Etymologically, the term
Pangasinan means the \"place where salt is made\", owing to the rich and fine salt beds which were the prime source of
livelihood for the province's coastal towns. Another name for the region, but not as widely known is Caboloan. The word Bolo in
the native language refers to a species of bamboo that was abundant in the interior areas, and favored in the practice of weaving
light baskets and winnowing plates called bilao. Historians believe that both names may have been used at the same time.
Today, salt is still being produced in abundance, creating not a few fortunes for some enterprising families although much of its
use is for industry. A local product that has become synonymous with Pangasinan is bagoong, or fermented fish sauce. Salt of
course, is the prime ingredient. Mud-colored with a strong smell, bagoong has captured the national palate. Native cuisine,
mostly Ilocano in origin, owes its authenticity to the lowly bagoong. Taking from the spare and starkly humble lifestyle of the
Pangasinense with his dependence on the sea and rivers and the land, bagoong lends itself well to the local diet. Mixed with plain
fresh vegetables like okra, squash and eggplant in an invigorating broth or as a dip for grilled catfish or Bonuan bangus, bagoong
brings out the true flavor of the land's origins. The
Northern Gate Pangasinan is a crescent-shaped province that occupies 5,368.82 square kilometers of verdant farmlands, hills,
forests and rivers. To the east, it is bounded by the mighty Cordillera Mountains, the Zambales ranges to the west, the rice plains
of Tarlac to the south and the Lingayen Gulf and the China Sea to the north. Because of this strategic geographical positioning, it
has always been described as a gateway of sorts.
Most travellers going up North often remember Pangasinan as the place where they had last seen some semblance of civilization,
comparing it with the sparsely populated regions of the Ilocos and the Cagayan Valley (with the exception of Baguio and the old
Spanish towns of Vigan and Laoag). Today, the gates of opportunity have literally been opened as Pangasinan under the youthful
and no-nonsense leadership of Gov. Victor E. Agbayani, girds itself up for the challenges of the coming new millenium.
Connections Historian Rosario Mendoza Cortes writes in her book, Pangasinan 1572-1800 that according to Bishop Domingo de
Salazar, Pangasinan \"was forty leagues distant from Manila either by land or by sea.\" Roughly translated, travelers of old
normally take about thirty-hours to reach Manila via horse and carriage. After the eruption of Mount Pinatubo, travel time was
normally 5 to 7 hours as normal route points like Bamban and Mabalacat were closed temporarily.
Today, 5 hours is the norm although private vehicles can sometimes negotiate the route under 4 hours. Most major bus companies
ply the Manila-Pangasinan route complemented by a host of local bus lines, which can be hired for private purposes and tours.
Most bus services operate on a 24-hour basis.
Media services are active in Pangasinan. National dailies as well as local publications (several weeklies and one daily) are
available. There are 20 radio stations and one regional television station. Cable services have mushroomed even in areas far from
the urbanized centers of Dagupan, Urdaneta and Alaminos. At the latest survey, Pangasinan has the highest tele-density in the
country outside of Metro Manila with the presence of three major telecommunication companies.
People and Culture Much has been written and discussed about the Pangasinense, yet no definite image comes to mind. There is
a strong perception that the province is basically of Ilocano stock, but aside from the fact that Iloko is more widely spoken
than \"Pangasinan\", the defining characteristics end there. The Pangasinense is hardly frugal in the true sense of the word, nor is
he extravagant either. Special occasions such as fiestas, weddings and baptisms are exceptions wherein extravagance is necessary
to \"save face\", but then most other Filipinos in other regions are similar in that respect.
History tells us however that the Pangasinense has always been sensitive to issues concerning his welfare. One of the first local
revolts during the Spanish colonization was instigated by a Binalatongan native, (now San Carlos) Andres Malong in 1660. Princess
Urduja: fact or fiction? The heroics of an ancient princess who ruled a kingdom by the Lingayen gulf has never been verified as
true by historians, yet the mythical Princess Urduja remains vividly alive and real in the local consciousness.
The Gifts of the Earth and Sea Pangasinan is rooted to the earth - agriculture based production remains as a major source of
income for the majority of the populace. Aqua-culture is also popular in areas where instead of farmlands, variated squares of
artificial ponds for fish rearing are found. Through the years, as the demand for particular fish stocks rose and fell, fishpond
owners have adapted by sticking to traditionally favored, and stable growing fish species like the bangus or milkfish, the malaga
and prawns. With agriculture currently mobilizing more than half of the local labor force, the current administration has seen the
need to boost its efforts in this area. El Nino and La Nina Like the rest of the country and the world, 1998 was Pangasinan's
hottest year with temperatures soaring beyond the 40's. The lingering effects of the El Nino and the La Nina phenomenon
continue to affect the local climate. Normally, the dry season begins in November to April and wet during the rest of the year.
Typhoons intermittently wreak havoc with some serious flooding in the eastern towns.

However, the presence of a long coastline with attractive beaches offsets the hot and humid weather; sun-loving tourists affirm
that Pangasinan's current climate is perfect. The Count Current census figures place the population at 3,803,890 distributed in
the province's 46 towns, three cities and 1,354 barangays. English and Filipino are widely spoken and are the mediums of
instruction in all schools. Ilocano is the major dialect, spoken by a greater portion of the population in the western and eastern
areas. There is some fear that the Pangasinan dialect, spoken predominantly in the central areas, is losing its hold on the local
tongue. Bolinao, at the northernmost tip of western Pangasinan has a unique language of its own, also called Bolinao.
Provincial Profile
PROVINCE OF PANGASINAN
How to Get There: Pangasinan is accessible by land. Air-conditioned bus lines such as Victory Liner, Five Star, Dagupan Bus and
Viron have daily trips from Manila to the cities of Dagupan, Urdaneta, San Carlos, Alaminos and the towns of Bolinao and Tayug.
Lingayen, the capital town, is 226 kilometers north of Manila via Dagupan-Urdaneta highway.
Capital: Lingayen
Climate: The province experiences two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year.
Maximum rainfall is observed in August. Average monthly temperature is 27.91C with the highest occuring in May and the lowest
in January.
Land Area: 5,368.82 square kilometers
Location and Boundaries: Pangasinan is bounded by Lingayen Gulf, La Union and Benguet on the north, Nueva Vizcaya on the
northeast, Nueva Ecija on the east, Tarlac on the south and Zambales and China Sea on the west.
Political Subdivision: Pangasinan has 44 municipalities and 4 cities namely; Agno, Alcala, Aguilar, Anda, Asingan, Balungao, Bani,
Basista, Bautista, Bayambang, Binalonan, Binmaley, Bolinao, Bugallon, Burgos, Calasiao, Dasol, Infanta, Labrador, Laoac,
Lingayen, Mabini, Malasiqui, Manaoag, Mangaldan, Mangatarem, Mapandan, Natividad, Pozorrubio, Rosales, San Fabian, San
Jacinto, San Manuel, San Quintin, Sta. Barbara, Sta. Maria, San Nicolas, Sto. Tomas, Sison, Sual, Tayug, Umingan, Urbiztondo ,
Villasis, and the cities of Alaminos, Dagupan, San Carlos, and Urdaneta.
Languages/ Dialect Spoken: Pangasinense is spoken mostly in central Pangasinan. Ilocano is widely spoken in eastern and western
portion of the province. Bolinao has a dialect of its own. English and Tagalog are the media of instruction in schools.
Population: 2,434,086 as of Year 2000 Census
Major Industries: Agriculture based industries remain to be the source of income of many. Prominent industries are bagoong
making, handicrafts and gifts, toys and houseware making.
Brief History:
Pangasinan was officially conquered and colonized by D. Martin de Goite in 1571. It has always been known in historical accounts
as Pangasinan meaning where salt is made. Governor General Ronquillo de Penalosa formally created Pangasinan as a province in
1850, making the province one of the earliest political and administrative units in the Philippines.
Its territorial jurisdiction at that time included the present province of Zambales and parts of La Union and Tarlac. Lingayen was
designated and remains up to the present as the provinical capital. Binalatongan, now San Carlos City was the largest town both
in size and population. Dagupan, then a sitio of Lingayen was converted into a regular town in 1590. It was converging place of
supporters of the rebellion led by Andres Malong in 1660. The territorial boundaries of Pangasinan was diminished when Agoo up
to Bacnotan became towns of La Union in 1850 and again in 1875 when Paniqui and other southern towns were annexed to
Tarlac.