Pedagogy
Pedagogy
Pedagogy
Overt behavior is
a. anything a person does.
can see.
b. Developmental
c. Learning
d. social
ANSWER: C
30. Maslow proposed a need to develop one's potential and be the best one can be,
which he called a. self-image. b. self-concept. c. self-esteem. d. self-actualization.
ANSWER: D
31. The psychodynamic view emphasizes the role of __________ in development.
a. external rewards and punishments
b. internal impulses, desires, and conflicts
c. subjective experiences, potentials, and ideals
d. physiology, genetics, biochemistry, and evolution
ANSWER: B
32. Psychology is
a. the study of human origins, evolution, and cultures.
b. the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of any living creature.
d. observable behaviors.
ANSWER: B
35. Some topics in psychology are difficult to study because
a. they overlap with other fields, such as law and business.
b. of ethical considerations.
c. advanced technology that measures brain waves is not available.
d. of a lack of interest in human behavior.
ANSWER: B
36. Behaviorism helped make psychology a
a. fad. b. science. c. specialty. d. hoax.
ANSWER: B
37. Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that psychiatrists
a. are physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy.
b. are extensively trained in the theories and techniques of Sigmund Freud.
c. are generally more eclectic than psychologists.
d. have a Masters or Ph.D. degree with special training in psychological theory and
research methods.
ANSWER: A
38. Developmental psychologists study the effects of __________ on behavior.
a. marketing
ANSWER: C
b. learning disabilities
c. aging
d. robotics
ANSWER: B
40. Freud stressed the role of __________ in shaping our personalities.
a. the structure of the mind
b. the function of our behaviors
c. our history of rewards and punishments
d. the unconscious
ANSWER: D
41. The "father" of psychology and founder of the first psychological laboratory was
a. Wilhelm Wundt.
b. Sigmund Freud.
c. John B. Watson.
d. B. F. Skinner.
ANSWER: A
42. You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. The psychologist
talks to you about your past and attempts to link your present situation with patterns
developed in your childhood during your relationship with your parents. The psychologist
would probably belong to which school of psychology?
a. humanistic psychology b. psychodynamic psychology c. behaviorism d. Gestalt
psychology ANSWER: B
43. The structuralist school of psychology
a. used introspection to analyze conscious experience.
b. relied heavily on the concept of natural selection.
c. was concerned with experiences as "wholes."
d. used dream analysis to reveal the unconscious.
ANSWER: A
44. "Experience cannot be analyzed successfully into its elements" would likely be said
by a
a. Gestalt psychology.
b. behaviorist.
c. structuralist.
d. functionalist.
ANSWER: A
45. The key idea in the behavioristic view is that
a. behavior is shaped and controlled by one's environment.
b. behavior is the result of clashing forces with the personality.
c. behavior can be understood in terms of the mental processing of information.
ANSWER: A
ANSWER: B
47. A practitioner who is intensively trained in the theories of Freud and treats patients
by talking to them is probably a
a. psychiatrist.
psychologist.
ANSWER: C
48. You see a psychologist and tell her that you are feeling depressed. The psychologist
focuses on those activities you engage in currently around which you feel depressed, and
she talks with you about changing these activities and thoughts that make you feel
"down" and doing things which make you happy. This psychologist would probably belong
to the _ _________ school of psychology.
a. humanistic
b. psychodynamic
c. behaviorist
d. Gestalt
ANSWER: C
49. A social scientist who characterizes his/her work as the study of the relationship
between environmental events and the behavior they produce without regard for
experience or consciousness is a
a. functionalist.
b. structuralist.
c. Gestalt psychologist.
d. behaviorist.
ANSWER: D
50. The APA professional code stresses
a. high levels of competence, integrity, and responsibility.
b. use of the scientific method in testing hypotheses.
c. deception as a technique to engage the psyche.
d. cooperation with authorities when a client is suspected of a crime.
A
ANSWER:
a. cognitive
b. learning
c. perception
d. personality
ANSWER: A
2. Like Carl Rogers, I believe people choose to live more creative and meaningful lives.
My name is a. Wertheimer.
b. Washburn.
c. Skinner.
d. Maslow.
ANSWER: D
3. Comparative psychologists are primarily interested in
a. stimulus-response connections.
b. animal behavior.
c. the comparison of functional and behavioral psychology.
d. the comparison of different types of psychotherapy.
ANSWER: B
4. Of the following, who is associated with the Gestalt school of psychology?
a. Ivan Pavlov
b. B. F. Skinner
c. Max Wertheimer
d. John Watson
ANSWER: C
5. Of the following, who is a humanistic psychologist?
a. Sigmund Freud
d. John Watson
ANSWER: B
6. Which of the following represents an empirical statement?
a. Government experts agree that a future downturn in the economy is likely.
b. The temperature today is higher than it was a year ago today.
c. IQ is defined as mental age, divided by age in years, times 100.
d. Grandmothers know best.
ANSWER: C
b. comparative
c. developmental
ANSWER: D
8. According to John Watson, introspection was a.
a valid method of research.
d. social
b. unscientific.
c. the cornerstone of behaviorism.
d. the study of the mind in use.
ANSWER: B
ANSWER: A
10. A psychologist who studies family dynamics and their effects on behavior of
individuals in different regions would probably be a __________ psychologist.
a. learning
b. cultural
c. developmental
d. cognitive
ANSWER: B
11. Which of the following psychological theories is known as the one that emphasizes
"free will"? a. psychodynamic psychology
b. behaviorism
c. humanistic psychology
d. neo-Freudian psychology
ANSWER: C
12. The study of similarities and differences in the behavior of different species is called
a. biology. b. comparative psychology. c. environmental psychology. d. differential
psychology. ANSWER: B
13. Which of the following is the best example of covert behavior?
a. blinking in response to a light
b. imitating a friend's gesture
c. remembering a pleasant experience
d. rapid eye movements while sleeping
ANSWER: C
14. Which of the following behaviors can best be described as overt behavior?
a. watching a TV game show
b. thinking about the answer to a contestant's question
c. being sad that the contestant answered incorrectly
ANSWER: A
ANSWER: C
16. Brain mechanisms involved in hunger and thirst would most likely be studied by a
a. personality theorist . b. sensory psychologist. c. learning theorist.
biopsychologist.
d.
ANSWER: D
17. "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is represented by which of the
following?
a. the Gestalt psychologists. b. the behaviorists. c. the structuralists. d. the
functionalists. ANSWER: A
18. The goals of psychology are to
a. develop effective methods of psychotherapy.
b. describe, predict, understand, and control behavior.
c. explain the functioning of the human mind.
d. compare, analyze, and control human behavior.
ANSWER: B
19. Freud believed that all thoughts and actions are determined by
a. the first year of life.
b. forces in the personality that are often unconscious
. c. needs for love and self-esteem.
d. the drive for self-actualization.
ANSWER: B
ANSWER: D
b. Gestalt
. c. functionalist.
d. behaviorist.
ANSWER: D
23. Strict behaviorists were criticized for overlooking the role that __________ plays in our
lives.
a. reward
b. thinking
c. punishment
d. stimuli
ANSWER: B
24. A psychologist who is "eclectic" can best be described as
a. rejecting determinism in favor of free will.
b. cognitive rather than behavioral.
c. drawing from many psychological approaches.
d. preferring pseudo-psychological approaches.
ANSWER: C
25. The study of mental processes such as thinking, perception, information processing,
etc. is a key element in __________ psychology.
a. humanistic
ANSWER: B
b. cognitive
c. behavioral
d. biological