Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 110 views

    Aircraft Certiification

    Uploaded by

    Interogator5
    JAR-21 establishes certification procedures for aircraft and related products. It prescribes requirements for type certificates, supplemental type certificates, production organization approvals, and design organization approvals. Other JARs (22-29) establish certification standards for specific aircraft types, including sailplanes, small airplanes, large airplanes, small rotorcraft, and large rotorcraft. JAR-21 also covers certification of aircraft parts, modifications, repairs, and noise requirements. Organizations must follow JAR-21 procedures and show compliance with technical standards to obtain necessary approvals to design, produce, and certify aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Aircraft Certiification

    Uploaded by

    Interogator5
    110 views17 pages
    JAR-21 establishes certification procedures for aircraft and related products. It prescribes requirements for type certificates, supplemental type certificates, production organization approvals, and design organization approvals. Other JARs (22-29) establish certification standards for specific aircraft types, including sailplanes, small airplanes, large airplanes, small rotorcraft, and large rotorcraft. JAR-21 also covers certification of aircraft parts, modifications, repairs, and noise requirements. Organizations must follow JAR-21 procedures and show compliance with technical standards to obtain necessary approvals to design, produce, and certify aircraft.

    Original Description:

    JAR Aircraft Cert Req

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    JAR-21 establishes certification procedures for aircraft and related products. It prescribes requirements for type certificates, supplemental type certificates, production organization approvals, and design organization approvals. Other JARs (22-29) establish certification standards for specific aircraft types, including sailplanes, small airplanes, large airplanes, small rotorcraft, and large rotorcraft. JAR-21 also covers certification of aircraft parts, modifications, repairs, and noise requirements. Organizations must follow JAR-21 procedures and show compliance with technical standards to obtain necessary approvals to design, produce, and certify aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    110 views17 pages

    Aircraft Certiification

    Uploaded by

    Interogator5
    JAR-21 establishes certification procedures for aircraft and related products. It prescribes requirements for type certificates, supplemental type certificates, production organization approvals, and design organization approvals. Other JARs (22-29) establish certification standards for specific aircraft types, including sailplanes, small airplanes, large airplanes, small rotorcraft, and large rotorcraft. JAR-21 also covers certification of aircraft parts, modifications, repairs, and noise requirements. Organizations must follow JAR-21 procedures and show compliance with technical standards to obtain necessary approvals to design, produce, and certify aircraft.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that various JAR regulations prescribe requirements for design, production and certification of different types of aircraft. A type certificate, certificate of airworthiness and other documents are required for legal operation.

    The different types of certificates required for aircraft include type certificates, certificates of airworthiness, noise certificates, station licences and insurance certificates.

    The basic requirements for a certificate of airworthiness include a type certificate including type certificate data sheet, an export certificate of airworthiness from the previous register state, and an approved Aircraft Flight Manual along with applicable technical documents and maintenance records.

    General

    The JARs numbered between 20 and 39 are those used for the design,
    the production and certification of any flying object. As the requirements
    differ separate JARs were established for the different objects.
    JAR-21 prescribes the procedural requirements for the issue of a Type
    Certificate and changes to those certificates, the issue of standard
    Certificates of Airworthiness and the issue of export airworthiness
    approvals. Further more it defines the procedural requirements for the
    approval of certain parts and appliances as well as the approval of
    organisations performing this kind of activities.
    The other JARs contained in this number block prescribe the
    requirements for the different groups of flying objects. All of these objects
    must be designed, manufactured and certified according to the respective
    JARs.

    JAR-21 Certification Procedures for Aircraft


    and related Products and Parts

    JAR Certification Standards

    The procedural requirements defined in JAR-21 must be followed when


    any new product -like an aircraft, helicopter, sailplane, airship, aircraft
    engine or propeller -is designed and later on used in non-commercial or
    commercial operation. Furthermore JAR-21 covers parts and appliances
    which are any instrument mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus or
    accessory including communications equipment, that is used or intended
    to be used in operating or controlling an air- craft in flight and is installed
    in or attached to the aircraft. It includes parts of an airframe, engine or
    propeller.
    JAR-21 prescribes the procedural requirements with regard to the design
    of minor and major modifications as well as repairs of products, parts and
    appliances.
    JAR-21 requirements in Section 1 are listed in subparts and appendices
    with the following alphabetic order:

    The design, production and certification of aircraft, helicopter, sailplanes


    and air- ships are prescribed in the following JARs:

    Table 2: JAR-21 includes the following Subparts Subpart A


    General

    Table 1: List of JARs for Certification Standards

    Subpart A
    Subpart B
    Subpart D
    Subpart E
    Subpart F
    Subpart G

    JAR-21
    JAR-22
    JAR-23
    JAR-25
    JAR-26
    JAR-27
    JAR-29
    JAR-36

    Certification Procedures for Aircraft and related Products


    and Parts
    Sailplanes and Powered Sailplanes
    Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Category
    Aeroplanes
    Large Aeroplanes (over 5700 kg)
    Additional Airworthiness Requirements for Operations
    Small Rotorcraft
    Large Rotorcraft
    Aircraft Noise

    Subpart H
    Subpart JA
    Subpart JB
    Subpart K
    Subpart L

    General
    Type certificates
    Changes to type certificate
    Supplemental type certificates
    Production without production organisation approval
    Production organisation approval for products, parts and
    appliances
    Certificates of airworthiness
    Design organisation approval -products or changes to
    products
    Design organisation approval -parts and appliances
    Parts and appliances
    Export airworthiness approvals

    Subpart M
    Subpart N
    Subpart 0
    Subpart P
    Subpart Q
    Appendix A
    Appendix B
    Appendix C
    Appendix D

    Repairs
    Imported products, parts and appliances, and changes
    designed in a non jaa country
    Joint technical standard order authorizations
    Joint part approval authorizations
    Identification of products, parts and appliances
    Production organisation exposition
    Quality system
    JTSO Specification incl. qualitative design requirements
    List of products and applicable requirements

    Type Certification
    The type certification must follow the procedural requirements for the
    issue of type certificates for aircraft, aircraft engines and propellers. Rules
    governing the holders of those certificates have also been established.
    The authority will only accept an application for a Type Certificate
    submitted by a person holding an appropriate Design Organisation
    Approval (DOA) under JAR- 21 Subpart JA or having had his application
    for DOA accepted under JAR-21.
    An application for a Type Certificate must be made in a form and manner
    applicable to the authority and must be accompanied by drawings,
    preliminary basic data, operating characteristics and limitations.
    The authority issues a Type Certificate if satisfied with fulfillment of all
    requirements by the applicant. This includes drawings, specifications,
    inspections, flight and ground tests, record keeping, etc.
    The Type Certificate holder for an aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller
    shall produce, maintain and update master copies of all manuals required
    by the applicable type certification requirements for the product and
    provide copies on request to the authority.

    Type Certificate
    The Type Certificate/TC is considered to include the type design, the
    operating limitations, the type certificate data sheet, the applicable
    requirements with which the authority records compliance and any other
    conditions or limitations prescribed for the product in the applicable
    requirement.
    A Type Certificate is effective until surrendered, suspended, and revoked
    or a termination date is established by the authority. The Type Certificate
    is the property of the manufacturer representing the Type Certificate
    holder.

    Supplement Type Certification


    The authority will only accept an application for a Supplement Type
    Certificate/STC submitted by a person holding or having applied for an
    appropriate Design Organisation Approval (DOA) under JAR-21 Subpart
    JA.
    An application for a Supplemental Type Certificate must be made in a form and
    manner applicable to the authority and must be accompanied by the descriptions
    and identification including all parts of the Type Design and the approved
    manuals being affected by the change.
    The authority issues a Supplemental Type Certificate if the applicant has entered
    into an arrangement with the Type Certificate holder, who advises that he has no
    technical objection to the information submitted. In addition the Type Certificate
    holder has agreed to collaborate with the Supplemental Type Certificate holder to
    ensure discharge of all responsibilities for continued airworthiness of the changed
    product.
    A Supplement Type Certificate is effective until surrendered, suspended, and
    revoked or a termination date is otherwise established by the authority.

    Production Organisation Approval for


    Products, Parts and Appliances
    The applicant must furnish a Production Organisation Exposition/POE
    providing the following information:
    A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that
    the production organisation exposition and any associated
    manuals, which define the approved organizations compliance
    with the JAR-21 Subpart G, will be complied with.
    Titles, names, duties and responsibilities of the managers involved
    A list of certifying staff
    A general description of manpower
    A general description of the facilities located at the address
    specified in the production organizations certificate approval
    A general description of the production organizations scope of
    work relevant to the Terms of Approval
    A description of the quality system and the procedures as required
    The authority issues a Production Organisation Approval/POA when
    satisfied that compliance has been shown with JAR-21 Subpart G. The
    POA remains valid until surrendered, suspended or terminated.
    The organisation with a POA may:
    In the case of complete aircraft and upon presentation of a
    Statement of Conformity I obtain an aircraft certificate of
    airworthiness, Standard or Export.
    In case of other products, parts or appliances issue authorised
    release certificates (JAA Form One).
    Maintain a new aircraft that he has produced and issue a
    certificate of release to service in respect to that maintenance.

    Design Organisation Approval


    JAR-21 prescribes the requirements for the Design Organisation
    Approval/DOA as follows:
    Subpart JA: Design Organisation Approval for products or
    changes to products
    Subpart JB: Design Organisation Approval for parts and
    applications

    The applicant must furnish a Design Organisation Handbook/DOH to the


    authority, which describes the organisation, the relevant procedures and
    the products or changes to products to be designed.
    The applicant must show that the organisation has established and can
    maintain a Design Assurance System for the control and supervision of
    the design, and of design changes, covered by the application.
    The authority issues a Design Organisation Approval/DOA when satisfied
    that compliance has been shown with the appropriate JAR-21
    requirement. The DOA remains valid until surrendered, suspended or
    terminated.
    The organisation with a DOA may:
    obtain a Type Certificate or approval of a major change of a Type
    Design
    obtain a Supplemental Type Certificate
    obtain a Joint Technical Standard Order/JTSO
    classify changes of Type Design and repairs as major or minor
    under a procedure acceptable to the authority
    approve the design of major repairs to products for which he holds
    the Type Certificate or the Supplemental Type Certificate under a
    procedure acceptable to the authority

    Propeller-driven twin-engine aeroplanes in the commuter category


    that have a seating configuration, excluding the pilot seats, of
    nineteen or fewer and a maximum certificated takeoff weight of
    8618 kg (19000 lb) or less

    JAR-25 Large Aeroplanes


    JAR-25 prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of type
    certificates and changes to those certificates for large turbine-powered
    aircraft.
    'Large turbine-powered aircraft' means an aeroplane of more than 5700
    kg (12500 Lb) certified takeoff weight.
    JAR-25 contains requirements in respect to:
    Flight performance
    Structure
    Design and construction
    Power plant
    Equipment
    Operating limitations and information
    Gas turbine auxiliary power unit installations

    JAR-22 Sailplanes and Powered Sailplanes

    JAR-27 Small Rotorcraft

    JAR-22 prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of Type


    Certificates and changes to those certificates for:
    Sailplanes with a maximum weight of up to 750 kg
    Single engine powered sailplanes with a maximum weight of up to
    850 kg
    Sailplanes and powered sailplanes with up to 2 occupants

    JAR-27 prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of type


    certificates and changes to those certificates for small rotorcraft with
    maximum weights of 3175 kg (7000 Lb) or less and 9 or less passenger
    seats.

    JAR-23 Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and


    Commuter Category Aeroplane
    JAR-23 prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of Type
    Certificates and change to those certificates for
    Aeroplanes in the normal, utility and aerobatic categories hat have
    a seating configuration, excluding the pilot seats, of nine or fewer
    and a maximum certificated takeoff weight of 5670 kg (12500 lb)
    or less

    JAR-29 Large Rotorcraft


    JAR-29 prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of type
    certificates and changes to those certificates for large rotorcraft.

    Documents
    To comply with national and international requirements a set of
    documents must be carried all times on board the respective aircraft.

    Certificate of Airworthiness
    The Certificate Of Airworthiness/C of A must be accessible and stored
    with other airworthiness certificates in the cockpit.
    For each aircraft to be legally operated the register state authority must issue a
    certificate of airworthiness.
    Basic documents required for a certificate of airworthiness are:

    A type certificate including type certificate data sheet


    An export certificate of airworthiness from the previous register
    state
    An approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM)
    Technical documents, maintenance records as applicable

    Certificate of Registration
    The certificate of registration must be accessible and stored with other
    airworthiness certificates in the cockpit. Each aircraft must have its own
    aircraft registration based on rules and regulation of the respective
    country of registration.
    Note: For Swiss rules and regulation see chapter 10.7.

    Noise Certificate
    The noise certificate must be accessible and stored with other
    airworthiness certificates in the cockpit
    An aero plane, when flight-tested in accordance with the requirements of
    JAR-36 and operated within the limits of the type certificate, shall not
    exceed the noise levels specified in JAR-36.140 at the following points on
    level terrain (Ref. JAR-36- 120):
    Lateral reference measurement point: the point on a line parallel to and
    450 m from the runway centre line, or extended centre line, where the
    noise level after lift-off is at a maximum during take-off;
    Flyover reference noise measurement point: the point on the extended
    centre-line of the runway at a distance of 6.5 km from the start-of-roll;
    Approach reference noise measurement point: the point on the ground, on
    the extended centre-line of the runway 2000 m from the threshold. On
    level ground this corresponds to a position 120 m (394 ft) vertically below
    the 3"- descent path originating at a point on the runway 300 m beyond
    the threshold.

    Weight Schedule
    An operator shall specify, in the operations manual, the principles and
    methods involved in the loading and in the mass and balance system that
    meet the requirements of JAR-OPS 1.605. This system must cover all
    types of intended operations.
    Each weight change has to be recorded and registered in the weight and
    balance sheet of the aircraft.
    A scheduled aircraft weighing has to be established.
    For every flight a weight calculation (load sheet) must be performed and
    signed by the pilot.
    (a) An operator shall ensure that during any phase of operation,
    the loading, mass and centre of gravity of the aeroplane complies with the
    limitations specified in the approved aeroplane flight manual, or the
    operations manual if more restrictive.
    (b) An operator must establish the mass and the centre of gravity
    of any aeroplane by actual weighing prior to initial entry into service and
    thereafter at intervals of 4 years if individual aeroplane masses are used
    and 9 years if fleet masses are used. The accumulated effects of
    modifications and repairs on the mass and balance must be accounted for
    and properly documented. Furthermore. Aeroplanes must be reweight if
    the effect of modifications on the mass and balance is not accurately
    known.
    (c) An operator must determine the mass of all-operating items
    and crewmembers included in the aeroplane dry operating mass by
    weighing or by using standard masses. The influence of their position on
    the aeroplane centre of gravity must be determined.
    (d) An operator must establish the mass of the traffic load,
    including any ballast, by actual weighing or determine the mass of the
    traffic load in accordance with standard passenger and baggage masses
    as specified in JAR-OPS 1.620.
    (e) An operator must determine the mass of the fuel load by using
    the actual density or, if not known, the density calculated in accordance
    with a method specified in the operations manual. (See IEM OPS 1.605(e)
    Note: Examples of Weight Schedule Documents see chapter 10.7

    Aircraft Station Licence


    The aircraft station licence must be accessible and stored with other
    airworthiness certificates in the cockpit.
    Aircraft communication for COMM. and NAV. needs a licence issued by
    the Swiss Federal Office of Communication.

    Liability, Insurance Certificate for Aircraft


    The liability insurance certificate for aircraft must be accessible and stored
    with other airworthiness certificates in the cockpit.
    Each aircraft must be equipped with the necessary insurance certificate.

    You might also like