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    Battery Chargers Portable Generators

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    Gusti Made Arya Wijaya
    Small portable generators often produce distorted waveforms that can damage battery chargers designed for phase power control. The distortion is due to the generator design and affects appliances like battery chargers, power tool speed controls, and dimmers. Adding a resistive load of 500-1500 Watts to the generator can reduce distortion to safer levels. Alternatively, upgrading to a generator with a larger capacity rating of at least 4 times the battery voltage times the charger current, or one designed for low distortion such as Honda or Meccalte models, can avoid issues.

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    Battery Chargers Portable Generators

    Uploaded by

    Gusti Made Arya Wijaya
    216 views4 pages
    Small portable generators often produce distorted waveforms that can damage battery chargers designed for phase power control. The distortion is due to the generator design and affects appliances like battery chargers, power tool speed controls, and dimmers. Adding a resistive load of 500-1500 Watts to the generator can reduce distortion to safer levels. Alternatively, upgrading to a generator with a larger capacity rating of at least 4 times the battery voltage times the charger current, or one designed for low distortion such as Honda or Meccalte models, can avoid issues.

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    paper mengenai charger baterai dengan generator

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    Small portable generators often produce distorted waveforms that can damage battery chargers designed for phase power control. The distortion is due to the generator design and affects appliances like battery chargers, power tool speed controls, and dimmers. Adding a resistive load of 500-1500 Watts to the generator can reduce distortion to safer levels. Alternatively, upgrading to a generator with a larger capacity rating of at least 4 times the battery voltage times the charger current, or one designed for low distortion such as Honda or Meccalte models, can avoid issues.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    216 views4 pages

    Battery Chargers Portable Generators

    Uploaded by

    Gusti Made Arya Wijaya
    Small portable generators often produce distorted waveforms that can damage battery chargers designed for phase power control. The distortion is due to the generator design and affects appliances like battery chargers, power tool speed controls, and dimmers. Adding a resistive load of 500-1500 Watts to the generator can reduce distortion to safer levels. Alternatively, upgrading to a generator with a larger capacity rating of at least 4 times the battery voltage times the charger current, or one designed for low distortion such as Honda or Meccalte models, can avoid issues.

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    of 4

    WOODS ELECTRIC

    BATTERY CHARGERS
    And
    PORTABLE GENERATOR
    SETS
    USING BATTERY CHARGERS with PORTABLE GENERATORS

    IN BRIEF:

    Some battery chargers perform erratically, or suffer damage, when run from portable petrol
    generators.

    This is due to poor waveform quality from small portable generators, particularly when lightly loaded.

    Either apply an additional load to the generators when running battery chargers, or get a better
    generator set.

    The generator VA rating should be at least FOUR times the battery voltage multiplied by the charger
    current.

    THE PROBLEM MORE DETAIL


    In recent years, Woods Electric have been seeing an increasing number of chargers which have been
    damaged by poor power quality.
    In all cases, power has been supplied by portable generators (Gen-sets) of less than 5kVA rating.
    Almost all of the damaged chargers have been Woods Dialomatic types, since these are the style most
    likely to be used with small gen-sets.
    Power from gen-sets of 7kVA and higher seems to be of good quality. No problems have been reported
    from using chargers with these larger gen-sets.
    Similarly, few problems have been noted in Woods Automatic and Neptune chargers, simply because
    these are not generally used with small gen-sets.
    Although most appliances are not affected by the poor waveform quality from smaller gen-sets, those
    appliances which use Phase Power Control are particularly affected. Phase Power Control is used in
    Woods battery chargers, in speed controls for power tools, and in domestic lighting dimmers.

    THE CAUSE MORE DETAIL:


    The generators in many small gen-sets produce highly distorted waveforms.
    Although meters are readily available to measure generator output voltage and frequency, it is rare to see
    meters for output distortion measurement. The easiest way to view a generators output is to use an
    oscilloscope. This will not directly measure distortion, but it will give a good visual indication of the degree
    of distortion.
    Here is the (simulated) waveform of a typical cheap and nasty generator, shown against a pure 240V
    50Hz sinewave:
    Xa: 48.00m Xb: 0.000
    Yc: 337.8 Yd:-340.0

    A
    B

    a-b: 48.00m freq: 20.83


    c-d: 677.8

    b
    600

    400
    c

    200

    -200

    d
    -400

    -600
    0

    8m

    16m

    24m
    Ref=Ground X=8m/Div Y=voltage

    This particular waveform exhibits a distortion of around 25%.

    32m

    40m

    48m

    Ideally, mains power (and gen-set output power) would be a pure sine-wave. In fact, mains power may
    have up to 5% distortion. This level of distortion does not create any misbehaviour in Dialomatic chargers.
    Some gen-sets, however, produce power with more than 20% distortion (sometimes as high as 25%!).
    The distortion is due to the design of the generator. The engine driving the generator is not responsible.
    The phase-control circuits in Woods Dialomatic chargers manufactured before 2001 cannot cope with
    more than 8% distortion. The circuits in new Dialomatic chargers can cope with up to 15% distortion.
    Woods Dialomatic battery chargers are generally quite tolerant of the variations in frequency and voltage
    produced by gen-sets, but they dont cope with high distortion levels.

    SOLUTIONS MORE DETAIL:


    We have found that the distortion produced by gen-sets may be reduced to useable levels by loading the
    generator with a resistive load, in addition to the battery charger.
    Loads of between 500 watts and 1500 watts will generally reduce the generators distortion sufficiently.
    The load must be resistive, and it must be constant.
    Good examples include 500W incandescent floodlights, and bar-element radiators.
    Fluorescent lighting, refrigerators and stoves are unsuitable either because they are not resistive, or
    because they are thermostatically controlled and may cut out at any time.
    Here is the (simulated) waveform of the same generator as before, now loaded with a 1000 watt resistive
    load:
    Xa: 48.00m Xb: 0.000
    Yc: 537.8 Yd:-140.0

    A
    B

    a-b: 48.00m freq: 20.83


    c-d: 677.8

    b
    800

    600
    c

    400

    200

    d
    -200

    -400
    0

    8m

    16m

    24m
    Ref=Ground X=8m/Div Y=voltage

    32m

    40m

    48m

    The degree of distortion reduction is immediately apparent it is now down to 12%.


    This resistive loading technique works well - but the operator must locate suitable loads (and remember
    to use them each time!), and the engines fuel consumption will increase.
    It may be viable to upgrade your generator set, instead.

    There are a number of gen-sets available in ratings of 5kVA and lower, which have both good fuel
    efficiency AND low distortion.
    Examples include Meccalte generators (which specify less than 8% distortion), and Honda i series
    generators (eg. the 900i) which have a low-distortion inverter built in.
    We will include other examples of low distortion gen-sets here, when they are bought to our attention.

    GENERATOR POWER RATING:


    In general, a good rule-of-thumb is that the generator VA rating should be at least FOUR times the battery
    voltage multiplied by the charger current.
    For example, a gen-set for a Woods 1230A would need to have [4 x 12v x 30A] or 1440 VA capacity.
    Similarly, a gen-set for a Woods 2460A would require [4 x 24 x 60] or 5760 VA capacity.
    The factor of four has been chosen to take into account a variety of effects.
    Firstly, a charger must produce significantly more voltage and current than its nominal rating would
    suggest. For example, a 12V 30A charger must produce up to 14.6 volts at output currents of up to 55
    amps RMS a total of 800 watts output. The charger may draw over 900VA under these conditions.
    (Note: Refer to Woods Electrics Little Black Book of Battery Charging for the difference between average
    current and RMS current).
    With a consumption of 900VA, a 1400VA gen-set will have only a small margin of headroom.
    In addition, the current drawn by the charger will vary in phase angle, depending on the chargers current
    delivery to the battery. Some generators are less able to cope with these variations than others.

    Maximum Charger
    Consumption (VA)

    Recommended minimum
    generator capacity (VA)

    W1220
    1215A, 1215N
    2407A, 2407N

    450VA

    700VA

    W1240, W2420
    1230A, 2415A
    1230N, 2415N

    900VA

    1400VA

    W1280, W2440, W3630


    1260A, 2430A, 3620A
    1260N, 2430N

    1700VA

    2800VA

    W2480
    2460A, 4830A
    2460N, 4830N

    3500VA

    5600VA

    WOODS Charger model

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