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    Analytic Geometry in Three Dimensions: Section 11.1 The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System

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    The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System is constructed by.. Passing a z-axis perpendicular to both the xand y-axes at the origin of the Cartesian plane. A point in space is determined by an ordered triple (x, y, z), where x = directed distance from yz-plane to P, y = directed distance to xy-plane, and z = midpoints of line segments connecting points in space.

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    Analytic Geometry in Three Dimensions: Section 11.1 The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System

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    The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System is constructed by.. Passing a z-axis perpendicular to both the xand y-axes at the origin of the Cartesian plane. A point in space is determined by an ordered triple (x, y, z), where x = directed distance from yz-plane to P, y = directed distance to xy-plane, and z = midpoints of line segments connecting points in space.

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    The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System is constructed by.. Passing a z-axis perpendicular to both the xand y-axes at the origin of the Cartesian plane. A point in space is determined by an ordered triple (x, y, z), where x = directed distance from yz-plane to P, y = directed distance to xy-plane, and z = midpoints of line segments connecting points in space.

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    Analytic Geometry in Three Dimensions: Section 11.1 The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System

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    sarasmile2009
    The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System is constructed by.. Passing a z-axis perpendicular to both the xand y-axes at the origin of the Cartesian plane. A point in space is determined by an ordered triple (x, y, z), where x = directed distance from yz-plane to P, y = directed distance to xy-plane, and z = midpoints of line segments connecting points in space.

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    Name______________________________________________

    Chapter 11 Analytic Geometry in Three


    Dimensions
    Section 11.1 The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System

    Objective: In this lesson you learned how to plot points, find distances
    between points, and find midpoints of line segments
    connecting points in space and how to write equations of
    spheres and graph traces of surfaces in space.

    Important Vocabulary Define each term or concept.

    Solid analytic geometry The geometry of the three-dimensional model needed to


    identify a point in space.
    Sphere (with center at (h, k, j) and radius r) The set of all points (x, y, z) such that the
    distance between (x, y, z) and (h, k, j) is r.
    Surface in space The collection of points satisfying an equation involving x, y, and z.

    Trace The intersection of a surface with one of the three coordinate planes or a plane
    parallel to one of the three coordinate planes.

    I. The Three-Dimensional Coordinate System What you should learn


    (Pages 812−813) How to plot points in the
    three-dimensional
    A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed by . . . coordinate system
    passing a z-axis perpendicular to both the x- and y-axes at the
    origin of the Cartesian plane.

    Taken as pairs, the axes determine three coordinate planes: the


    xy-plane , the xz-plane , and the yz-plane .

    These three coordinate planes separate the three-dimensional


    coordinate system into eight octants . The first of
    these is the one for which . . . all three coordinates are
    positive.

    In the three-dimensional system, a point P in space is determined


    by an ordered triple (x, y, z), where x, y, and z are as follows . . .

    x = directed distance from yz-plane to P, y = directed distance


    from xz-plane to P, and z = directed distance from xy-plane to P

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 187
    188 Chapter 11 • Analytic Geometry in Three Dimensions

    II. The Distance and Midpoint Formulas (Pages 813−814)


    What you should learn
    The distance between the points (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) given How to find distances
    by the Distance Formula in Space is between points in space
    and find midpoints of line
    segments joining points
    d= (x2 − x1)2 + (y2 − y1)2 + (z2 − z1)2 in space

    The midpoint of the line segment joining the points (x1, y1, z1)
    and (x2, y2, z2) given by the Midpoint Formula in Space is

    ⎛ x1 + x2 y1 + y2 z1 + z2 ⎞
    ⎜ ⎟
    ⎜ ⎯⎯⎯ , ⎯⎯⎯ , ⎯⎯⎯ ⎟
    ⎜ 2 2 2 ⎟
    ⎝ ⎠

    Example 1: For the points (2, 0, − 4) and (− 1, 4, 6), find


    (a) the distance between the two points, and
    (b) the midpoint of the line segment joining them.

    (a) √125 (b) (0.5, 2, 1)

    III. The Equation of a Sphere (Pages 814−816) What you should learn
    How to write equations
    The standard equation of a sphere whose center is (h, k, j) and of spheres in standard
    whose radius is r is (x − h)2 + (y − k)2 + (z − j)2 = r2 . form and find traces of
    surfaces in space

    Example 2: Find the center and radius of the sphere whose


    equation is x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 4 x + 2 y + 8 z + 17 = 0 .

    Center: (2, − 1, − 4); radius: r = 2

    To find the yz-trace of a surface, . . . use the fact that every


    point in the yz-plane has an x-coordinate of zero. By substituting
    x = 0 into the original equation, the resulting equation will
    represent the intersection of the surface with the yz-plane.

    Homework Assignment

    Page(s)

    Exercises

    Larson/Hostetler Precalculus/Precalculus with Limits Notetaking Guide IAE


    Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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