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    Kinematics and Dynamics

    Uploaded by

    Wong Kiong Lee
    1. The document describes an experiment to verify the principle of conservation of linear momentum for collisions between two bodies of equal mass. 2. The experiment involves colliding two pendulum bobs, both with and without additional plasticine, and measuring the displacement of each bob before and after collision. 3. The results show that for collisions between the plain bobs, the ratio of momentum and kinetic energy before and after collision is close to 1, indicating conservation. But for collisions between weighted bobs, the ratio is close to 0.25, indicating an inelastic collision as expected.

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    Kinematics and Dynamics

    Uploaded by

    Wong Kiong Lee
    23 views5 pages
    1. The document describes an experiment to verify the principle of conservation of linear momentum for collisions between two bodies of equal mass. 2. The experiment involves colliding two pendulum bobs, both with and without additional plasticine, and measuring the displacement of each bob before and after collision. 3. The results show that for collisions between the plain bobs, the ratio of momentum and kinetic energy before and after collision is close to 1, indicating conservation. But for collisions between weighted bobs, the ratio is close to 0.25, indicating an inelastic collision as expected.

    Original Description:

    Principle of conservation of linear momentum for a collision of two bodies of equal mass

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    1. The document describes an experiment to verify the principle of conservation of linear momentum for collisions between two bodies of equal mass. 2. The experiment involves colliding two pendulum bobs, both with and without additional plasticine, and measuring the displacement of each bob before and after collision. 3. The results show that for collisions between the plain bobs, the ratio of momentum and kinetic energy before and after collision is close to 1, indicating conservation. But for collisions between weighted bobs, the ratio is close to 0.25, indicating an inelastic collision as expected.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views5 pages

    Kinematics and Dynamics

    Uploaded by

    Wong Kiong Lee
    1. The document describes an experiment to verify the principle of conservation of linear momentum for collisions between two bodies of equal mass. 2. The experiment involves colliding two pendulum bobs, both with and without additional plasticine, and measuring the displacement of each bob before and after collision. 3. The results show that for collisions between the plain bobs, the ratio of momentum and kinetic energy before and after collision is close to 1, indicating conservation. But for collisions between weighted bobs, the ratio is close to 0.25, indicating an inelastic collision as expected.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Course

    Subject
    Code
    Topic
    Date of Submission
    Lecturer
    Group
    Group Members
    Kong Lin Ting
    Nelly Kong Wan Ching
    Tang Howe Sheng
    Wong Kiong Lee
    Lee Su Ling

    : Civil Engineering
    : Applied Mechanics
    : ET123
    : Kinematics and Dynamics
    : 10th May 2012
    : Dr. Ling Jen Hua
    :2
    Registration No.
    12040078
    12040036
    12040012
    12040315
    12040336

    Aim:
    To verify the principle of conservation of linear momentum for a collision of two bodies
    of equal mass.
    Problem statement:
    What is the principle of conservation of linear momentum for a collision of two bodies of
    equal mass?
    Hypothesis:
    The momentum before collision is equal to the momentum after collision.
    Variables:
    Manipulated variable : The displacement of first bob, Z1 (cm)
    Responding variable : The displacement of second bob, Z2 (cm)
    Constant variable
    : The mass of pendulum bobs (g)
    Apparatus:
    Hooking plank, two bobs equal mass, two threads of length about 2m, two retort stands
    and clamps, a metal wire as indicator, a screen to act as marker to the distance of
    collision, a metre rule, plasticine, a pair of vernier calipers, blocks for raising the height
    of retort stands.
    Procedure:
    1. The apparatus are set up as shown in Figure 2.

    Hooking plank

    Retort stand

    Metal wire

    Bob

    Screen as
    marker

    Metre rule
    Blocks

    2. The diameter of the pendulum bob is measured by using a pair of vernier calipers.
    3. The pendulum bob is hooked on the hooking plank as shown in the diagram
    above. Make sure the center of the pendulum bobs are not less than 80 cm from
    the hooking plank and rest at the same level.

    4. A metre rule is placed below the bobs. The metre rule is adjusted so that the 50
    cm mark is just below the point of contact of the bobs.
    5. One of the bobs is moved away, the position of the centre of the other bob is
    determined and the corresponding reading on the metre rule is recorded as X01.
    The process is repeated and the position of the centre of the other bob is recorded
    as X02.
    6. One of the bobs is displaced about 20 cm away. The position of the centre of the
    bob is recorded as X1. The bob is released so as to make direct head-on collision
    with other bob. (After the head-on collision, the first bob should be almost at
    rest.)
    7. The position of the screen that serves as a marker for the distance of collision is
    recorded if it is a head-on collision. If the collision is not a head-on collision, the
    process is repeated.
    8. If the collision is a head-on collision, the position of the centre of the second bob,
    X2 is recorded.
    9. Steps (5) through (7) are repeated for displacements between 20 cm to 10 cm.
    10. X1, Z1 = (X1 X01), (Z1)2, X2, Z2 = (X2 X02), (Z02)2 and

    Z2
    Z1

    ( )

    are tabulated

    after all your readings are recorded.


    11. A small lump of plasticine is stacked on one of the pendulum bobs and steps (5)
    through (7) are repeated. Both of the pendulum bobs should move as one body
    after the collision.
    12. X1, Z1 = (X1 X01), (Z1)2, X2, Z2 = (X2 X02), (Z02)2 and

    Z'2
    Z'1

    ( )

    are

    tabulated after all your readings are recorded.


    13. A conclusion on the momentum and kinetic energy of the two systems are
    deduced from the results obtained.
    Determine whether the collisions in the first and second systems are elastic or not.

    Discussion:

    1. Kinetic energy and momentum are conserved in the collision between two bobs
    without plasticine because the ratio of kinetic energy and momentum before
    collision to kinetic energy and momentum after collision is 0.740 which is near to
    1.0.
    2. This show the kinetic energy and momentum before collision is same as kinetic
    energy and momentum after collision.
    3. Kinetic energy and momentum are conserved in the collision between two bobs
    with plasticine because the ratio of kinetic energy and momentum before collision
    to kinetic energy and momentum after collision is 0.284 which is near to 0.25.
    4. This show the kinetic energy and momentum before collision is equal kinetic
    energy and momentum after collision.
    5. Precaution:
    a) When doing this experiment, the fans should be switch off during the
    experiment to minimize the air resistance to the collision.
    b) The external force should not be acted on the pendulum to make sure the
    pendulum bob oscillate with its natural frequency to get more accurate result.
    Conclusion:
    The kinetic energy and momentum before collision is equal to kinetic energy and
    momentum after collision.

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