Konversi Satuan

Unit Conversions
The S.I. and English Systems

The System International (International Standard System) of units uses units of
Newtons (N) and meters (m) for its units of force and length. The English System
(imperial, engineering) uses pounds (lb, force) and feet (ft) or inches (in). The unit of
time, seconds (sec) is the same in both systems.
Below are various tables that convert units from English to S.I. and back (e.g., 1 meter
= 39.4 inches), as well as common conversions within each system (e.g., 1 ft = 12
inches). In general, the Conversion Factors are listed to 6 significant digits (even
though your answer should not be that extensive).
4a. Geometric Conversions
4b. Force and Stress
Conversions
4c. Same System Conversions
4d. Pounds, Newtons & Kilograms; Density

4e. Temperature
A useful interactive conversion tool, with many more units, is Engineering Exchange's
online Unit Conversions program. Another tool, by Joshua Madison, may be
downloaded here (no length conversions; remember, pressure has the same units as
stress).
Some useful approximate
conversions:
A pound is 4.45 newtons; a meter is 39.4 inches.

Multiply psi (or ksi) by ~7 to convert to kPa (or
MPa)
4a. Lengths, Areas and Volumes - English Units to S.I. Units and Back
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To Convert From
multiply
to get / To Convert
from
multiply by
to get
Length
inches, in
25.4
millimeters, mm
0.0393701 inches, in
inches, in
0.0254
meters, m
feet, ft
0.3048
meters, m
yards, yd
0.9144
meters, m
1.09361 yards, yd
miles, mi
1.609344
kilometers, km
0.621371 miles, MI
39.3701 inches, in
3.280840 feet, ft
Area
square inch, in2, si
645.16 square millimeters, mm2
0.00155000 square inch, in2
square inch, in2, si
0.00064516
square meter, m2
1550.00 square inch, in2
square feet, ft2, sf
0.09290304
square meter, m2
10.7639 square feet, ft2, sf
0.836127
square meter, m2
1.19599 square yard, yd2
square yard, yd2,

sy
Volume
cubic inch, in3, ci
16387.064 cubic millimeters, mm3
61.0237 x 103
6 cubic inch, in
cubic inch, in3, ci
16.387064
cubic centimeters, cc,

cm3
0.06102374 cubic inch, in3
cubic foot, ft3, cf
0.0283168
cubic meters, m3
35.3147 cubic foot, ft3, cf
0.764555
cubic meters, m3
1.30795 cubic yard, yd3
3.78541
Liters, l = 0.001 m3
cubic yard, yd3, cy

gallon, gal.
0.264172 gallon, gal.
Other Geometric Properties of a Cross-section

Moment of Inertia,
in4
Section Modulus,
416231
mm4 = 10-12 m4
16387.064
mm3 = 10-9 m3
2.402 x 10-6 in4

61.0237 x 10-
in3
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16387.064
in3
mm3 = 10-9 m3
61.0237 x 10- 3
6 in
Excerpts/adaptions from: Aluminum Design Manual, Aluminum Association, Inc., October, 1994, Table
A1-1, pg. Appendix 1-4. Underlined values units represent an "exact" conversion factor.
- Top - Geometric Conversions - Force and Stress Conversions - Same System Conversions - Pounds, Newtons & Kilograms; Density - Temperature -
4b. Force, Stress, Loads and Mass - English Units to S.I. Units and Back
To Convert From
multiply
to get / To Convert
from
multiply by
to get
Force
pound, lb
4.44822
newton, N
kilopound, kip =
1000 lb
4.44822 kilonewton, kN = 1000 N
0.224809
lb
0.224809
kip = 1000 lb
0.0208854
lb/ft2, psf
Stress [Force per Unit Area]

pounds per sq. ft,
lb/ft2, psf
psf
47.8803
pascals, Pa = N/m2
0.0478803 kilopascal, kPa, kN/m2
20.8854
psf
0.0208854
ksf
0.000145038
psi
kilopounds per sq.

ft, ksf
47.8803
kPa
pounds per sq.

inch, psi
6894.76
Pa
psi
6.89476
kPa
0.145038
psi
kilopounds per sq.

in, ksi
6.89476
megapascal, MPa
= MN/m2 = N/mm2
0.145038
ksi
0.737561
lb-ft
Bending Moment, Torque [Force x Length]

pound-foot, lb-ft
1.35582
newton-meter, N-m
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pound-inch, lb-in
0.112985
N-m
8.850732
lb-in
Distributed (or "Running") Load [Force per Unit Length]

pounds per (linear)
foot, plf
14.5939 newtons per meter, N/m
0.06852178
plf
pounds per (linear)

inch, pli
175.127
0.00571015
pli
N/m
Excerpts/adapted from: Aluminum Design Manual, Aluminum Association, Inc., October, 1994, Table
A1-2, pg. Appendix 1-4.
4c. Same System Conversions; Things you should know

From
Multiply by
to get / To Convert
from
multiply by
to get
Length
in
0.083333
feet, ft
12 in
ft
0.333333
yards, yd
3 ft
ft
1.89393 x10-
miles, MI
5280 feet, ft
mm
0.001
meters, m
1000 mm
cm
0.01
100 cm
in2
0.00694444
ft2
144 in2
ft2
0.111111
yd2
9 ft2
0.0166666
minutes, min
Area
Time
second, s
60 s
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second
2.77777 x10-
second
minutes, min
hour, h
3600 s
1.1574 x 10-5
day, d
86400 s
6.9444 x10-4
day,d
1440 min
Weight
lb
0.005
ton (U.S.)
2000 lb
4d. Force and Weight; and Density - English Units to S.I. Units and Back
In the S.I. system, weight is often expressed in kilograms (a mass); in the United
States, weight is expressed in pounds (a force). Be careful! The force of 1 kg. is
9.81 N (in standard gravity).
To Convert From
Multiply by
to get / To Convert
from
multiply by
to get
Pounds, Newtons and Kilograms

pounds lb
4.44822
Newton, N
0.224809 lb
lb
0.453592
kg
2.20462 lb
0.101972
kg
9.80665 N
lb
0.0310
slug (lb-s2/ft)
32.2 lb
Weight Density (force/volume); including kilogram force

lb / ft3
0.157087 kilonewtons per kN/m3
6.36590 lb / ft3
lb / in3
271.447
kN/m3
0.00368 lb / in3
lb / in3
0.000578703
lb / ft3
1728 lb / in3
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N / m3
0.101972
kg / m3
9.80665 N / m3
kN / m3
101.972
kg / m3
0.0090665 kN / m3
lb / ft3
16.0185
kg / m3
0.0624279 lb / ft3
515.379
kg / m3
0.0019403 slug / ft3
Mass Density (mass/volume)

slug / ft3
4e. Temperature Conversions

To Convert From
function
to get / To Convert
from
function
degrees Fahrenheit, F
(5/9)(F-32)
degrees Centigrade C
1.8 C + 32
deg. F
F+459.67
degrees Rankine, R
R-459.67
deg. F
deg. Centigrade
C+273.15
Kelvin, K
K-273.15
deg. Centigrade
change in degrees F
(or R)
(5/9)(DF)
change in deg. C (or

K)
1.8(DC)
to get
degrees Fahrenheit, F
change in deg. F.
- Top - Geometric Conversions - Force and Stress Conversions - Same System Conversions - Pounds, Newtons & Kilograms; Density - Temperature Elastic Constants - Strength - Density & Thermal Coefficients Unit Conversions Tables
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Unit Conversions

The S.I. and English Systems

4d. Pounds, Newtons & Kilograms; Density

A pound is 4.45 newtons; a meter is 39.4 inches.

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645.16 square millimeters, mm2

0.00155000 square inch, in2

square inch, in2, si

1550.00 square inch, in2

square feet, ft2, sf

10.7639 square feet, ft2, sf

1.19599 square yard, yd2

square yard, yd2,

16387.064 cubic millimeters, mm3

cubic inch, in3, ci

cubic centimeters, cc,

0.06102374 cubic inch, in3

cubic foot, ft3, cf

35.3147 cubic foot, ft3, cf

1.30795 cubic yard, yd3

cubic yard, yd3, cy

0.264172 gallon, gal.

Other Geometric Properties of a Cross-section

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2.402 x 10-6 in4

4.44822 kilonewton, kN = 1000 N

Stress [Force per Unit Area]

0.0478803 kilopascal, kPa, kN/m2

kilopounds per sq.

pounds per sq.

kilopounds per sq.

Bending Moment, Torque [Force x Length]

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Distributed (or "Running") Load [Force per Unit Length]

14.5939 newtons per meter, N/m

pounds per (linear)

4c. Same System Conversions; Things you should know

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Pounds, Newtons and Kilograms

Weight Density (force/volume); including kilogram force

0.157087 kilonewtons per kN/m3

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0.0019403 slug / ft3

Mass Density (mass/volume)

4e. Temperature Conversions

change in deg. C (or

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