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    Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Digital Filtering Using Labview

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    DIm
    This document describes an experiment using LabVIEW to perform signal analysis and digital filtering on acquired analog signals. Students will modify existing virtual instruments (VIs) to add Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) frequency spectrum analysis and digital filtering capabilities. The experiments involve using function generators to generate test signals, performing FFT analysis on the raw and filtered signals, and observing the effects of changing filter properties. Students are asked to submit a lab report summarizing the objective, procedure, results, and any additional designs.

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    Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Digital Filtering Using Labview

    Uploaded by

    DIm
    98 views5 pages
    This document describes an experiment using LabVIEW to perform signal analysis and digital filtering on acquired analog signals. Students will modify existing virtual instruments (VIs) to add Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) frequency spectrum analysis and digital filtering capabilities. The experiments involve using function generators to generate test signals, performing FFT analysis on the raw and filtered signals, and observing the effects of changing filter properties. Students are asked to submit a lab report summarizing the objective, procedure, results, and any additional designs.

    Original Description:

    LabVIEW - Real-Time Application Development Course Manual.pdf Project 04

    Original Title

    Project 04

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    This document describes an experiment using LabVIEW to perform signal analysis and digital filtering on acquired analog signals. Students will modify existing virtual instruments (VIs) to add Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) frequency spectrum analysis and digital filtering capabilities. The experiments involve using function generators to generate test signals, performing FFT analysis on the raw and filtered signals, and observing the effects of changing filter properties. Students are asked to submit a lab report summarizing the objective, procedure, results, and any additional designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    98 views5 pages

    Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Digital Filtering Using Labview

    Uploaded by

    DIm
    This document describes an experiment using LabVIEW to perform signal analysis and digital filtering on acquired analog signals. Students will modify existing virtual instruments (VIs) to add Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) frequency spectrum analysis and digital filtering capabilities. The experiments involve using function generators to generate test signals, performing FFT analysis on the raw and filtered signals, and observing the effects of changing filter properties. Students are asked to submit a lab report summarizing the objective, procedure, results, and any additional designs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    FAST Fourier Transform (FFT) and Digital

    Filtering Using LabVIEW


    WeiLin
    DepartmentofBiomedicalEngineering
    StonyBrookUniversity

    Instructors Portion
    Summary
    ThisexperimentrequiresthestudenttouseLabVIEWtoperformsignal
    analysisontheacquiredanalogsignals.Studentsshouldbefamiliarwith
    theFastFourierTransform(FFT)anddigitalfilteringusingLabVIEW

    Uses
    Thislectureappliestoallcoursesofvirtualinstrumentation.

    Equipment List

    Computers

    LabVIEW7Express

    NIELVISbenchtopworkstation

    LabVIEW Users Manual. April 2003

    LabVIEW Introduction Course - Six Hours.

    LabVIEW Introduction Course - Three Hours

    LectureSlidesofDataAnalysisUsingLabVIEW

    VIsfromtheprojectDataAcquisitionUsingNIDAQmx

    References

    SubmittinganExperiment

    Students Portion
    Introduction
    ThestudentsshouldlearnthebasicLabVIEWprogrammingtechniquesfor
    the FFT and digital filtering. They will modify two VIs developed in the
    projectDataAcquisitionUsingNIDAQmxandaddfrequencyspectrum
    analysisanddigitalfilterinthetwoVIs.

    Objectives

    LabVIEWFrequencySpectrumExpressVI
    LabVIEWFilterExpressVI

    Theory
    The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the power spectrum are powerful
    tools for analyzing and measuring signals from plug-in data acquisition
    (DAQ) devices. It can measure the frequency components within the
    signal. FFT-based measurement requires digitization of a continuous
    signal. According to the Nyquist criterion, the sampling frequency, Fs,
    must be at least twice the maximum frequency component in the signal. If
    this criterion is violated, a phenomenon known as aliasing occurs. When
    the Nyquist criterion is violated, frequency components above half the
    sampling frequency appear as frequency components below half the
    sampling frequency, resulting in an erroneous representation of the signal.
    This is called frequency aliasing. Therefore, before a signal is digitized,
    antialiasing filters are used to attenuate the frequency components at and
    above half the sampling frequency to a level below the dynamic range of
    the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Spectral leakage is another issue in
    FFT analysis. It is the result of an assumption in the FFT algorithm that
    the time record is exactly repeated throughout all time and that signals
    contained in a time record are thus periodic at intervals that correspond to
    the length of the time record. If the time record has a nonintegral number
    of cycles, this assumption is violated and spectral leakage occurs. To
    alleviate the spectrum leakage, a predefine window function is applied to
    the signals to be analyzed.
    Filters alter or remove unwanted frequencies from your signal. Depending
    on the frequency range that they either pass or attenuate, they can be
    classified into the following types:

    SubmittinganExperiment

    A lowpass filter passes low frequencies, but attenuates high


    frequencies.
    A highpass filter passes high frequencies, but attenuates low
    frequencies.
    A bandpass filter passes a certain band of frequencies.

    A bandstop filter attenuates a certain band of frequencies.

    Digital filters have the following advantages over their analog


    counterparts:

    They are programmable in terms of filter order, cutoff frequencies, and


    amount of ripple.
    They are stable and predictable.
    They do not drift with temperature or humidity and do not require
    precision components.
    They have a superior performance-to-cost ratio.

    Therefore, it is recommended to use digital filters in virtual


    instrumentation except for the antialiasing filter.
    LabVIEWhastwoexpressVIsforFFTanalysisanddigitalfiltering.They
    arefrequencyspectrumexpressVIandfilterexpressVI.

    Lab Procedure
    Experiment1:CreateaLabVIEWapplicationoffrequencyspectrum
    analysis:
    1. LaunchLabVIEW.
    2. LoadcontinuousdataacquisitionVIfrompreviousprojectData
    AcquisitionUsingNIDAQmx.
    3. Inthewhileloop,addthefrequencyspectrumVI.Configurethe
    outputoftheexpressVIaslinearinresultsection.
    4. ConvertthewaveformdatafromDAQmxreadVItodynamicdata
    andconnectthedynamicdatatothesignalterminalofthe
    frequencyspectrumexpressVI.
    5. Addagraphindicatoronthefrontpanelandconnecttheoutputof
    thefrequencyspectrumVI(FFT)tothegraph.
    6. KeeptheELVISunitoff.Connecttheoutputoffunctiongenerator
    FUNCOUTtoACH0usingconnectionwireontheprototype
    board.
    7. TurnELVISunitonincludingtheprototypeboard.
    8. LaunchELVISapplicationandchoosefunctiongenerator.
    9. Selectthefrequency,waveformtypeandamplitudeofthefunction
    generatorandturniton.
    10. EntertheparametersforthecontrolsoftheLabVIEW.
    11. Changethefrequency,andfunctiontypeofthesignalgenerator
    andobservethechangeofthefrequencyspectrum.

    SubmittinganExperiment

    Experiment2,CreateaLabVIEWapplicationofdigitalfilter:
    1. LaunchLabVIEW.
    2. LoadfinitesampledataacquisitionVIfrompreviousprojectData
    AcquisitionUsingNIDAQmx.
    3. Disconnectthelinkbetweenthewaveformoutputfromthe
    DAQmxreadVIandtheWriteLabVIEWMeasurementData
    expressVI.
    4. Addthreegraphindictorsonthefrontpanelfortheoriginalsignal
    spectrum,filteredsignalandthespectrumofthefilteredsignal.
    5. AddafrequencyspectrumexpressVIandafilterVIintheblock
    diagram.
    6. ConvertthewaveformdatafromDAQmxreadVItodynamicdata
    andconnectthedynamicdatatothesignalterminalofthe
    frequencyspectrumexpressVIandfilterexpressVI.SelectIIR
    filterinthefilterexpressVI.
    7. ConnecttheoutputoffrequencyspectrumexpressVItothegraph
    indicatoroftheoriginalsignalspectrum.
    8. Connecttheoutputoffiltertothegraphindicatoroffilteredsignal.
    9. AddanotherfrequencyspectrumexpressVIontheblockdiagram
    andconnectthefilteredsignaltoitsinput.
    10. ConnecttheoutputoftheabovefrequencyspectrumexpressVIto
    thegraphindicatorofthefilteredsignalspectrum.
    11. Combinethefourdynamicdata,theoriginalsignal,spectrumof
    theoriginalsignal,thefilteredsignalandthespectrumofthe
    filteredsignalandconnectittotheWriteLabVIEWMeasurement
    DataexpressVI.
    12. Runtheapplicationasdescribedinthepreviousexperimentand
    recordtheresultsinfiles.Thefollowingarethesuggestionsforthe
    expectedresults.
    a. Usesquarewaveatlowfrequency,farbelowthesampling
    frequency.
    b. Changethecutofffrequencyofthefilter.
    c. Changethetypeoffilter,e.g.lowpassorhighpass.
    d. Changetheorderofthefilter.
    e. Changethetopologyofthefilter.

    Lab Report
    Thelabreportshouldcontainthefollowing:
    1. Theexperimenttitle
    2. Theexperimentobjective

    SubmittinganExperiment

    3. Theexperimentprocedureandtheory
    4. Resultsanddiscussion
    5. Youmayaddyourlabdesignintothisproject.
    Pleasesubmitthereportthroughemail.

    SubmittinganExperiment

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