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    Laws of Indices

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    stephenidah
    This document is a student's assignment on the topic of indices for a postgraduate accounting course. It begins with an introduction that defines an index as the power of a number. It then lists 9 laws of indices, such as the multiplication law where the powers are added when bases are multiplied. Examples are provided, such as (3pq)2 = 32 x p2 x q2. The document also gives examples of evaluating expressions using indices, such as solving 8x-3 = 32x-2. It concludes by listing references used.

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    Laws of Indices

    Uploaded by

    stephenidah
    212 views4 pages
    This document is a student's assignment on the topic of indices for a postgraduate accounting course. It begins with an introduction that defines an index as the power of a number. It then lists 9 laws of indices, such as the multiplication law where the powers are added when bases are multiplied. Examples are provided, such as (3pq)2 = 32 x p2 x q2. The document also gives examples of evaluating expressions using indices, such as solving 8x-3 = 32x-2. It concludes by listing references used.

    Original Description:

    laws of Indices as used in quantitative techniques with some solved examples

    Original Title

    laws of Indices

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    This document is a student's assignment on the topic of indices for a postgraduate accounting course. It begins with an introduction that defines an index as the power of a number. It then lists 9 laws of indices, such as the multiplication law where the powers are added when bases are multiplied. Examples are provided, such as (3pq)2 = 32 x p2 x q2. The document also gives examples of evaluating expressions using indices, such as solving 8x-3 = 32x-2. It concludes by listing references used.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    212 views4 pages

    Laws of Indices

    Uploaded by

    stephenidah
    This document is a student's assignment on the topic of indices for a postgraduate accounting course. It begins with an introduction that defines an index as the power of a number. It then lists 9 laws of indices, such as the multiplication law where the powers are added when bases are multiplied. Examples are provided, such as (3pq)2 = 32 x p2 x q2. The document also gives examples of evaluating expressions using indices, such as solving 8x-3 = 32x-2. It concludes by listing references used.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    KOGI STATE UNIVERSITY ANYIGBA

    NAME:

    E. EMMANUEL

    PROGRAM: PGD ACCOUNTING


    COURSE:

    QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE

    TOPIC:

    INDICES

    INTRODUCTION
    Indices which can also be refer to as index is the power of any
    given number. It is a method of shortening the product of numbers of
    equal factors or numbers that are the same.
    Like in our previous topic the rules of mathematics in Business
    marriage is prove mathematically using one of the laws of indices: thus;
    anything raise to power zero is equal one (that is 10 + 10 = 20 = 1
    (Egwudah E. 2009) Hence the importance of indices cannot be over
    emphasis.

    LAWS OF INDICES
    The following are the various laws that govern index notation.
    1. Multiplication law: When numbers with equal bases are being
    multiplied. Their powers (indices) are added e.g 32 x 36 = 32+5 = 37
    or ax x a-1 x ax+y
    2. Division Law: When dividing numbers with equal bases, the
    power of the divisor is subtracted from that of the dividend = a x /
    a y = ax y
    3. Power Law: If a number which is raised to a certain power is again
    raised to another power, it is said to be in powers. The two
    powers are thus multiplied together for final result. (ax)y = axy
    4. Product Power Law: When the product of different factors are
    raised to a certain power, perhaps in a bracket, the power is
    distributed over each factor in the bracket. (ab)x = ax bx e.g (3pq)2
    = 32 x p2 x q2 = 9p2q2
    5. Zero Index: When any number or quantity is raised to power zero,
    the result is 1. Thus: a0 = 1

    6. Negative Index: Any number raised to a negative index


    equals to the reciprocal raised to the same positive index =
    a-2 = 1/a2
    7. Roots Power: The power involves the method of
    showering the indices for different roots, square root,
    cube root, fourth root etc. e.g a1/2 = a
    8. Decimal Powers and Bases: The best approach is by converting
    such decimals to fraction before solving. The final answer may
    therefore be converted back to decimal. E.g (0.008)1/3 = (8/1000)1/3
    = 3 8/1000)1 = 2/10 = 0.2
    9. Exponential Function: When an unknown is the index or power of
    a function, then it is an function e.g 3x = 9. Such equation can only
    be solved if both sides can be expressed in the same base.

    Example
    Evaluate 8x-3 = 32x-2
    4-x
    Solution
    (23) x-3 = (25)x+2
    (22)-x
    23x-9 = 25x + 10
    2-2x
    23x-9 = 25x + 10 (-2x)
    23x-9 = 25x + 2x + 10
    3x - 9 = 2x + 2x + 10
    3x - 9 = 7x + 10
    3x 7x= 10 + 9
    -4x = 19
    Divide all through by -4
    -4

    /-4 = -19/4
    X = -19/4 or -4

    2. (16/81)-3/4 = 1/ (16/81)3/4
    = 1/(2/3)3 = 1/8/27 = 1 :- 8/27 = 1 x 27/8
    = 27/8 = 33/8
    REFERENCE
    D.B. Adu. Comprehensive Mathematics for senior Secondary Schools A.
    Johnson Publishers Ltd
    Mik Wisniewski. Quantitative Methods for Decision Makers Pitman Publisher

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