History of Canada PDF
History of Canada PDF
History of Canada PDF
Inuit
One of the First Nation tribes Still live in Canada today Canadas government gave the Inuit the Nunavut Territory in northeast Canada.
First explorers to settle Canada were Norse invaders from the Scandinavian Peninsula In 1000 CE, they built a town on the northeast coast of Canada & established a trading relationship with the Inuit
Europeans did not return to Canada until almost 500 years later
A Viking Ship
1497: Italian explorer John Cabot, sailed to Canadas east coast Cabot claimed an area of land for England (his sponsor) & named it Newfoundland
John Cabot
New France
1534: Jacques Cartier sailed up the St. Lawrence River. Claimed the land for France.
1608: Samuel de Champlain built the first permanent French settlement in Quebec Population grew slowly Many people moved inland to trap animals hats made of beaver fur were in high demand in Europe
Samuel de Champlain
European fur traders were joined by French farmers, merchants, and missionaries from the Catholic Church Brought with them French laws, traditions, & religion
France wouldnt let anyone move to New France who was not Catholic
Saw New Frances success in fur trapping & wanted to take control of the fur trade
1754: Led to the French and Indian War where Great Britain fought for control of Canadian territory & the fur trade and conquered Quebec. Great Britain and Iroquois Indians versus France and Huron Indians.
Gave British control of all lands east of the Mississippi River, except for 2 islands off of Newfoundland British forced Nova Scotias French-speaking people to leave
Nova Scotias French went to another French colony, Louisianadescendants of these people are the Cajuns
Quebec Act--1774
British allowed French to stay in Quebec, but continued to control the region Quebec Act guaranteed the French the right to maintain their culture (language, religion, traditions)
Division of Canada
Most English speaking citizens lived in Upper Canada (Ontario) Most French speaking citizens lived in Lower Canada (Quebec)
D D D
War of 1812
French and British worked together against the US who tried to invade Canada War resulted in a draw, but it defined the USCanadian border & increased a sense of Canadian nationalism
Both French Canadians & English Canadians joined to protect their landthey were more united than ever before
War of 1812
Province of Canada
Result of the inquiry, Britain discovered an economic need to unify the 2 Canadian provinces 1841Upper & Lower Canada were united, establishing the Province of Canada
1886: Transcontinental Railroad was built & people could now easily travel from the Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean
Expanding Canada
When Canada became a confederation in 1867, there were only 4 provinces Leaders desired to expand the new country from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Bought land from the Hudsons Bay Company Thought the purchase would be a simple process, but problems occurred with the native peoples
Expanding Canada
Eventually the First Nations (Inuit) agreed to relocate to reservations (now Nunavut)
Soon, 3 new provinces & 1 territory were created: Manitoba, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and the Northwest Territories
Canada
1886
before the railroad, most people only thought of themselves as belonging to their province; after they felt as if they were part of one country
Transcontinental Railroad
Yukon
GOLD was discovered along the western coast of Canada in 1896 1898: Canadas government created Yukon Territory to meet the needs of the areas growing population
This land was originally part of Northwest Territories, but by early 1900s, many people wanted this to change Reason 1: economy had shifted from fur trade to farming, mining, logging & railway Reason 2: population grew quickly because of the new industries Reason 3: area could not afford everything people needed (schools)
By forming new provinces, they could collect taxes to pay for these things.
1949: Newfoundland
Canada promised to help them by building many things such as railroads & roads Britain didnt want the cost of supporting Newfoundland anymore.
Nunavut
Have you ever seen a sign that marks a significant event in history? We have them all over our country, and now you get to create a marker that could be used in Canada! Review your History of Canada PowerPoint notes. Which event do you think is the most important event in Canadas history? You are going to be creating a marker that will tell tourists about the significance of that event.
Directions:
Choose your event and write what it is in the CIRCLE on the top of the historical marker. Next, write a short description of the event. Then, briefly describe why you think this event is important to Canadas history. At the bottom, write the place where your marker will be located (province, territory, physical feature). Draw an illustration that symbolizes your event. Color your historical marker. Please do not leave any white space! Cut your marker out and turn it in.