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Crop Production :: Pulses :: Greengram

GREENGRAM ( Vigna radiata L. ) CROP IMPROVEMENT I. SEASON AND VARIETIES District/Season Adipattam (June - July) All districts except Kanyakumari and Nilgiris Vellore and Thiruvannamalai Puratasipattam (September - October) Kanchipuram, Tiruvallur, Dharmapuri, Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Salem, Namakkal, Cuddalore, Villupuram, Thiruchirapalli, Perumbalur, Erode, Coimbatore, Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Pudukottai, Pudukkottai, Sivagangi, Ramanthapuram, Virudhunagar, Thothukudi and Thirunelveli Vellore and Tiruvannamalai, Margazhi-Thai Pattam (December January) All districts except Kanyakumari and Nilgiris Rice fallows (January - February) Thanjavur, Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Summer (February - March) Thanjavur, Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Villupuram, Tiruchirapalli, Perambalur, Thiruvallur, Kanchipuram DESCRIPTION OF GREENGRAM VARIETIES Particulars KM 2 CO 4 ADT 3 Paiyur 1 Hybrid deri vative of H70PS from 16/ DPT 703 Rajendran/ G65 1988 1988 VBN 1 K1 Varieties Co 6, Co(Gg) 7, VBN 2, VBN(Gg) 3 VRM(Gg) 1,

Co 6, VBN(Gg) 2, VBN(Gg) 3

VRM(Gg) 1

VBN(Gg) 2, VBN(Gg)3 ADT 3

Co 6, VBN(Gg) 3

Parentage

Hybrid deri vative Mutant of of No.127xS.9 CO 1 1981

Hybrid deri vative of Co 4 x ML 65 S.8xPIMS 3 1989 1998

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Year of release 1978 50% flowering (days) Duration 35 - 40 65 - 70 (days) Grain yield 767 (kg/ha)

40 45 85 910

36 66 500

45 - 50 85 30 - 35 65 770 70 - 75 - 670 90 742

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(kg/ha) Rainfed Irrigated Plant height (cm) Stem, branches etc. Branches Leaves

767

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90 742

500 (Rice .. 55 - 60 1550 60 - 70 .. 35 - 45 Green fallows) 35 - 5 5- 60 Green Green stem 3 stem 45 Green Green 3 4 sparsely hairy 4 stem 2 3 23 Medium Broad tripartate Medium, Medium broad, Petiole Broad and hairy foliate, ovate long Green when Dark brown and tender & black tip covered on drying Shiny green 3.0 Dull green 4.1 Dark brown Green 2-3 Dull green

70 - 75 Green, slightly Pubescent 3 - 4 Broad

Pod characters Colour of grain 100 grain wt (g)

Long and Sparsely hairy slightly , light black pubescent, pods brown Dull Green Green Dull green 3-5 3.6 3.5

Particulars Parentage Year of release 50% flowering (days) Duration (days) Grain yield (kg/ha) Rainfed Irrigated Plant height (cm) Leaves Colour of pod Colour of grain 100 grain wt (g)

CO 6 WGG 37 x CO 5 1999 26 30 62 67 900 1050 35 - 55 Broad Pubescent Green with smooth surface 3 .4

VRM(Gg) 1 Pure line selection from K 851 2001 31 35 56 67 1100 45 55 Broad Pubescent Shiny green bold and smooth surface 3.5

VBN(Gg) 2 Cross derivative of VGG 4 x MH 309 2001 30 35 65 70 750 900 50 60 Trifoliate with lobes Sparsly hairy pods Shiny green 3.6 3.9

Particulars Parentage Year of release Duration (days) Plant height(cm) 100 grain wt (g) Grain yield (kg/ha) Rainfed Irrigated Pod Colour at maturity

VRM (Gg) 2 Pure selection from CO 1 x Vellore local KM851 2009 2001 65-75 60-70 35-55 2.8-3.5 775 1100

VBN (Gg) 3

Co (Gg) 7 MGG336 x CoGG 902 2006 60 - 65 30 - 45 3.5 4.0 978

ADT 3 H7016 x Rajendran G65 1988 66 35- 45 2.3 500 kg/ha (Rice fallow) -

Special features

878 Brown Black Moderately resistant to powdery mildew Moderatly resistant and Yellow mosaic to yellow mosaic Indeterminate virus flowering

Brown High protein content (25.2%), High seed Suitable only for weight and Rice fallow and synchronized Margazhi pattam maturity

MANAGEMENT OF FIELD OPERATIONS 1. FIELD PREPARATION Prepare the land to get fine tilth and form beds and channels. Amendments for soil surface crusting: To tide over the soil surface crusting apply lime at the rate of 2 t/ha along with FYM at 12.5 t/ha or composted coir pith at 12.5 t/ha to get an additional yield of about 15 - 20%. SEED RATE Particulars All strains Rice fallows - ADT 3 Optimum plant population 3,25,000/ha. Quantity of seed required kg/ha Pure crop Mixed crop 20 10 30 --

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Source: http://dacnet.nic.in/pulses/gallery1.htm 2. SEED TREATMENT Treat the seeds with Carbendazim or Thiram @ 2 g/kg of seed 24 hours before sowing (or) with talc formulation of Trichoderma viride @ 4g/kg of seed (or) Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed. Bio control agents are compatible with biofertilizers. First treat the seeds with Biocontrol agents and then with Rhizobium. Fungicides and biocontrol agents are incompatible. 3. SEED TREATMENT WITH BIOFERTILIZER Treat the seeds with one packet (200 g/ha) of Rhizobial culture CRM 6 and one packet (200 g/ha) of Phosphobacteria one packet (200 g/ha) of PGPR developed at TNAU using rice kanji as binder. If the seed treatment is not carried out apply 10 packets (2 kg) of Phosphobacteria and 10 packets (2 kg) of PGPR with 25 kg of FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing. 4. FERTILIZER APPLICATION Apply fertilizers basally before sowing. Rainfed : 12.5 kg N + 25 kg P2O5 + 12.5 kg K2O +10 kg S*/ha Irrigated : 25 kg N + 50 kg P2O5 + 25 kg K2O + 20 kg S*/ha *Note : Applied in the form of gypsum if Single Super Phospate is not applied as a source of phosphorus Soil application of 25 kg ZnSo4/ha under irrigated condition Soil application of 25 kg ZnSo4/ha under irrigated condition Soil application of TNAU micronutrient mixture @ 5 kg/ha as Enriched FYM (Prepare enriched FYM at 1:10 ratio of MN mixture & FYM ; mix at friable moisture &incubate for one month in shade). Multi-blooming technology for irrigated green gram in new delta region of Thanjavur For higher yield and income, apply 25:50:25:20 kg NPKS/ha.+25 kg N/ha. in 3 equal splits on 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing + 2% DAP spray on 45 and 60 days after sowing. Foliar spray of 1% urea for yield improvement in green gram For yield improvement through increasing the physiological, biochemical attributes, foliar spray of urea 1% on 30 and 45 days after sowing is recommended. For rice fallow pulses in Delta area, the present recommendation of foliar spray of 2% DAP may be continued. Economizing the use of micronutrients through seed treatment for greengram Seed coating with biofertilizers and micronutrients viz., Zn, Mo & Co @ 4,1,0.5 g/kg of seed is recommended. 5. SOWING Dibble the seeds adopting a spacing of 30 x 10 cm. For bund crop dibble the seeds at 30 cm spacing.

Thinning operation 6. WATER MANAGEMENT Irrigate immediately after sowing, followed by life irrigation on the third day. Irrigate at intervals of 7to 10 days depending upon soil and climatic conditions. Flowering and pod formation stages are critical periods when irrigation is a must. Avoid water stagnation at all stages. . Apply KCl at 0.5 per cent as foliar spray during vegetative stage if there is moisture stress. 7. SPRAYING OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE OR UREA, NAA AND SALICYLIC ACID a. b. Foliar spray of Spray of NAA 40 mg/litre and Salicylic acid 100 mg/litre once at pre-flowering and another at 15 days thereafter i) For rice fallow crops, foliar spray of DAP 20 g/litre once at flowering and another at 15 days thereafter ii) For irrigated and rainfed crops foliar spray of DAP 20 g/litre or urea 20 g/litres once at flowering and another at 15 days thereafter.

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8. WEED MANAGEMENT

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ii) For irrigated and rainfed crops foliar spray of DAP 20 g/litre or urea 20 g/litres once at flowering and another at 15 days thereafter.

Pre emergence application of Pendimethalin @ 3.3 litres per hectare under irrigated condition or 2.5 litres per hectare under rainfed condition on 3 days after sowing using Backpack/ Knapsack/Rocker sprayer fitted with flat fan nozzle using 500 litres of water for spraying one ha. After this, one hand weeding on 30th days after sowing gives weed free environment throughout the crop period (or) EPOE application of quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g ai/ha-1 and imazethapyr @ 50 g ai ha1 on 15 20 DAS. If herbicide is not applied give two hand weedings on 15 and 30 days after sowing. 9. MULTI BLOOM TECHNOLOGY A special technology being practiced in Pattukottai block of Tanjore district for blackgram and greengram. The soil is alluvial and rich in organic matter and nutrients. The crop is sown during early summer (Jan.-Feb.) as normal crop and fertilizer is applied as per the recommendation for irrigated crop. In addition to that, top dressing of Nitrogen is done with an extra dose of 25 to 30 kg through urea. Since pulses are indeterminate growth habit and continue to produced new flushes, the top dressing will be done on 40-45 days after sowing. The crop complete its first flushes of matured pods during 60-65th day and put further second new flush within 20-25 days. Therefore two flushes of pods can be harvested at a time within the duration of 100 days.

RICE-FALLOWS VARIETIES AND SEED RATE Quantity of seed required kg/ha Varieties All varieties 1.TIME OF SOWING Third week of January Second week of February 2.SOWING OF SEEDS 1. For relay cropping broadcast the seeds in the standing crop 5 to 10 days before the harvest of the paddy crop uniformly under optimum soil moisture conditions so that the seeds should get embedded in the waxy mire. 2. For combined harvesting areas, broadcast the seeds before harvesting the paddy crop with machineries 3. SPRAYING OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE , NAA AND SALICYLIC ACID Foliar spray of NAA 40 mg/litre and Salicylic acid 100 mg/litre once at pre-flowering and another at 15 days thereafter Foliar spray of pulse wonder @ 5 kg/ha once at flowering or DAP 20 g/lt once at flowering and another at 15 days thereafter 4. HARVESTING i) Picking the matured pods, drying and processing ii) Uprooting or cutting the whole plants ,heaping ,drying and processing Updated on : 04.06.2013
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Sole crop 30

Mixed crop -

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