Philssa Final Research On Idp
Philssa Final Research On Idp
Philssa Final Research On Idp
INTRODUCTION
A tropical depression east of Mindanao entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) at 10:00 a.m. on December 15, 2011 and was named Sendong (international code name: Washi). At 4:00 p.m., December 15, 2011, Sendong intensified into a tropical storm as it moved closer to northeastern Mindanao. Public warning storm signal (PSWS) No. 1 was hoisted by PAGASA over Visayas and Mindanao. At 10:00p.m. on December 15, 2011, tropical storm Sendong maintained its strength as it increased its threat to northeastern Mindanao and eastern Visayas area. PSWS No. 2was raised over Visayas and Mindanao while PSWS No. 1 over some parts of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. At 4:00 a.m. on December 16, 2011, tropical storm Sendong has slowed down slightly as it continued to threaten northeastern Mindanao and eastern Visayas area. At 10:00 a.m. on December 16, 2011, tropical storm Sendong has slowed down slightly as it continued to threaten northeastern Mindanao and eastern Visayas area. PSWS No. 2 was raised over Visayas and Mindanao while PSWS No. 1 over Palawan, Cuyo Island, Visayas and Mindanao. At 4:00 p.m. on December 16, 2011, tropical storm Sendong made landfall in the vicinity of Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur. PSWS No. 2 was raised over Mindanao while PSWS No. 1 over Palawan, Visayas and Mindanao. At 10:00 p.m. on December 16, 2011, tropical storm Sendong maintained its strength and was now in the vicinity of Malaybalay City, Bukidnon. The location of the center as of 4:00 a.m. on December 17, 2011 was 20 km west northwest of Cagayan de Oro City at coordinates 8.4 N, 124.4 E. (NDRRMC, January 2010).
ILIGAN CITY
Fig. 1. Flood Susceptibility Map of Parts of Iligan City. Typhoon Sendong that destroyed (photo courtesy of DENR MGB 10) Iligan, Cagayan de Oro and Bikidnon
Tropical Storm Sendong unleashed its fury, destroying with great damage the cities of Iligan and Cagayan de Oro, including other areas in Mindanao and the Visayas. The destruction caused by the flood, aggravated by thousand of logs
carried downstream by the rampaging flood waters, did not only wrought havoc to properties and caused massive displacement to more than 20,000 families in more than 34 barangays, but also caused tremendous deaths of thousand of residents living along river communities in Mandulog.
Island
The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) based in Iligan City recorded 1,232 individual deaths, of which 566 were still missing. In terms of damages, the same agency reported at least 7,911 houses were totally destroyed and 14,874 were partially destroyed. Most of these houses were located along riverbanks in Brgys. Mandulog, Upper and Lower Hinaplanon, Pugaan, Digkilaan, Tambacan, Santiago, Sta. Felomina, San Roque, Tubod, Abuno and Tipanoy.
Orchids
destroyed debris at
Sendong.
The same report has also estimated that 22,522 families were affected or roughly 101,337 individual population of the citys 322,821 total population were rendered homeless and are still dependent on relief goods and
resettlement programs of international humanitarian organizations and by the local government. At present, there are 14 transitory (or temporary) shelters or bunkhouses that are being occupied by 560 families. On the other hand, as of January 2013, there are six permanent shelters that were established by the GMA Kapuso in Brgy. Mandulog; by the Gawad Kalinga and Habitat for Humanity in Brgy. Sta. Elena; by the Red Cross in Digkilaan; by the Deus est Caritas in Brgys. Upper Tominobo and Dalipuga; and by the Diocese of Iligan in Brgy. Luinab.
The local government of Iligan has received from local, national and international humanitarian donors more than Php 384,206,311.12 million of cash donations intended for Sendong victims and survivors (LGU report made public on February 20, 2012).
Fig. 7. Transitory shelter at Brgy. Mandulog shelter at Brgy. Dalipuga built by sponsored by the Catholic Relief Services (CRS) Deus CarItas
Fig. 8. Transitory
Fig. 9. Aerial view of Iligan City Location map of Iligan City (Google)
Fig. 10.
The Integrated Bus and Jeepney Terminal (IBJT) caters trips to and from Cagayan de Oro City and various parts of Misamis Oriental, while the Southbound Bus and Jeepney Terminal caters trips to and from Dipolog City, Pagadian City, Ozamiz City, various parts of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur, Including Cotabato and the rest of central Mindanao. The city has appropriate port facilities that enable it to cater to various passenger shipping lines to different destinations including Manila, Cebu, Bacolod, Ilo-ilo, Dumaguete and Ozamiz City.
Fig. 12.
Iligan City is mainly drained by the Mandulog, Iligan-Pugaan and Agus Rivers, their numerous tributaries, some smaller water bodies and man-made creeks. These rivers drain their loads toward Iligan Bay. The two major river systems, the Mandulog and the Iligan-Pugaan, cut across the coastal plain and serve as the main regional outflow of the city. The Iligan-Pugaan River basin is approximately 250 km2 wide. The floodplain has about a 200-meter wide channel and an average depth of 5 m measured from the top of the alluvial terrace. In some cases, erosion and scouring of riverbanks occur. During the dry season, the stream flow follows a narrow path on the riverbed. On days of extreme precipitation, the river usually overflows, causing flooding in the city. Mandulog River lies about 5 km north of the heart of Iligan City. It has an estimated area of more than 550 km2. The river flows in a westerly direction and empties its load into Iligan Bay. From the mouth up to approximately 3 kms inland, the river flows in a 100-m wide bed with a deeper channel. Mandulog River is susceptible to severe flooding and riverbank erosion. River discharge is greater than that of Iligan River. Based on aerial photographs taken on different years, Mandulog River continuously changes its course. In aerial photos taken in the 1950s, Mandulog River charted a northerly course as it drained into Iligan Bay. At present, and possibly since the late eighties, the river flows westerly into Bayug before it discharges in the same bay.
Fig. 13. The famous Tinago Falls at Brgy. Buruun. Limunsudan Falls at Brgy. Rogongon.
Fig. 14.
The predominant vegetative cover consists of coconut groves and banana plantations which are found in plateaus and other lowlands as well as in slopes and highlands. Heavy tropical forests are found in slopes of 30% and greater and these are mostly located inland. A few swampy areas covered with marsh grass are within the barangays of Del Carmen and Bagong Silang. Some fruit
trees such as mango, durian, jackfruit and tropical hardwood like lauan, molave, apitong, etc., are scattered in cultivated areas in the hinterland barangays.
Fig. 15 Orchid Homes totally devastated by Sendong totally washed out in Brgy. Santiago
Fig. 16 Properties
According to the report, Barangay Santiago is composed of 21 puroks. It has a total land area of 110,419 has. with a population of about 8,124. (Profile of Barangay Santiago, 2008?) The entire Barangay Santiago was inundated on December 17, 2011 brought about by the effects of tropical storm Sendong. However, damages varied from purok to purok. The worst-hit puroks are those adjacent to the river mouth of Mandulog River (Puroks 7, 6, 13), as well as those adjacent to creeks and other tributaries. These creeks are either active, intermittent, or dry river/creek bed. These puroks include 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8.
Fig. 17. Floodmark (red arrow) in Purok Ilang-ilang, Brgy. Sta, Felomena was measured at 4.25 m. (Photos courtesy of MGB10)
Fig. 18. One of the school buildings in Brgy. Santiago destroyed by Sendong. Flood height reached 2.6 m (marked with red arrow)
The puroks which did not suffer massive damage include Puroks 1 (boundary with Brgy. Tibanga), 9, 10, 11, and 12. However, these puroks were also all flooded, with som portions in Purok 9 which happen to be vacant lots. Portions of Brgy. Santiago was a former mangrove area. Further, these were reportedly created out of garbage deposits. The Iligan City High School Annex in Purok 5B was inundated by 1.15m floods. This is about 85 meters from the coast. It is also adjacent to the dumpsite. Floodwaters in the badly-damaged Cabili Village Elementary School in Purok 3 reached 2 meters. The GK Village in Purok 4 experienced 2.5 m floods. The team also made and assessment in Puroks Duranta A, Duranta B, San Francisco and Ilang-Ilang in Brgy. Sta. Felomena. Floodwaters reached more than 4 meters within this vicinity. These puroks are situated atop a dry riverbed. In Brgy. Hinaplanon, the DENR MGB team assessed Puroks 1 to 9, all in Bayug Island. This island is in the junction of Mandulog River and Bayug Creek. Scouring is evident along the riverbank. The entire Bayug Island was heavily inundated, from 1.5 meters (Purok 5, near the coast) to 3 meters (Purok 7). The old map shows what is now known as the river mouth of Mandulog River was formerly only a creek known as Bayug Creek. However, the former northern segment of Mandulog River has since become heavily silted and is what is known today as Bayug Creek. This heavy sedimentation has resulted in the change of the course of the Mandulog River.
has the following four Sub-Committees, namely; the Beneficiary Selection, Arbitration and Awards Committee; Social Preparation Committee; Site Selection Committee; Relocation and Transfer Committee.
Fig.19. A once thriving community totally washed out church, gymnasiums has become and devastated by Typhoon Sendong. centers for Sendong survivors.
In general, the duties and responsibilities of the LIAC is to serve as the over-all coordinating body for the entire disposition process of the resettlement sites of the LGU; formulate and adopt the necessary rules and guidelines for land acquisition and for the selection of beneficiaries; come up with a schematic work plan that will expedite the disposition of the property to the beneficiaries; approve the masterlist of the qualified beneficiaries; identify resources and develop systems and procedures for resource mobilization and project implementation; decide on all issues and concerns affecting the implementation of the project; solicit the participation and expertise of other public and private sector organizations, including international organizations, for the effective implementation of the project.
Fig. 21. LIAC meeting discussing the status of IDPs in the Lawrence Cruz signing MOA with
relocation sites in Iligan City (Photo courtesy of HRO) representatives of Habitat for Humanity
Fig. 23. Checking condition of survivors In the flood victims at Kabangahan. encampment areas.
Fig.23. Monitoring
The LIAC is also tasked to coordinate with the various concerned government agencies, bureaus and instrumentalities, including private sector organizations; conduct the necessary surveys: boundary, structural, subdivision, topographic as needed for planning and design of the sites; approve all Plans of the Resettlement Site Development Plans as prepared by the Technical team of the LGU; secure all necessary permits and clearances for project implementation; keep track of the progress of project implementation in the resettlement sites and prescribed corrective measures to the concerned agencies if necessary; accept the Project upon completion and provide the necessary maintenance and repair of the project.
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2.2
The National Housing Authority shall serve as the Vice-Chair of the LIAC; assist in the formulation of the guidelines for the disposition of the housing units and in the selection of beneficiaries; undertake social preparation activities in coordination with the concerned government agencies as well as with the POs in the resettlement sites; assist in the validation of Master List in close coordination with the DSWD, LGU of Iligan City, PCUP, NGO and the concerned IDP representatives/POs.
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) shall facilitate the issuance of Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) and GIR and monitor compliance with the conditions stipulated in the said ECC; review and verify LGU-submitted relocation, topographic and subdivision surveys of the resettlement sites, including computation of the technical description based on applicable land use and approved subdivision scheme; facilitate the verification and approval of subdivision survey of the area; facilitate the approval of the boundary and subdivision plan and technical descriptions.
Fig. 24. DENR-MGB doing risk assessment survey at development at Brgy. Upper Tominobo. Brgy. Sta. Elena.
2.4
The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) shall provide funds and undertake the land development in accordance with the approved plan of all LGU and other identified resettlement sites; ensure the completion of the tasks
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given within the timeline in coordination with the Project Management Team overseeing the development of the projects.
2.5
The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) shall provide assistance on the conduct of social preparation activities such as dialogues, consultations, etc.; assist in the conduct of master list validation in coordination with NHA, LGU of Iligan City, PCUP, concerned NGOs and IDPs/POs; assist in the formulation of the guidelines for the disposition of the housing units and in selection of beneficiaries; provide other programs and projects for the benefit of the IDPs/Pos.
Fig. 26. Inter-Agency consultation with civil society Fig. 27. LGU officials with the International Committee of and international humanitarian organizations the Red Cross
2.7
The Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor (PCUP) shall provide assistance on the conduct of social preparation activities such as dialogues, consultations, etc.; assist in the conduct of master list validation in coordination with DSWD, NHA, LGU of Iligan City, concerned Barangay LGU, concerned NGOs and
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IDPs/POs; assist in the formulation of the guidelines for the disposition of the subject property and in selection of beneficiaries; accredit urban poor organizations operating in the Resettlement sites; facilitate the process of representation of the IDPs/POs and in the LIAC.
2.8 Representatives of the IDPs, Peoples Organizations (PO), and NGOs/Civil Society
Representatives of the IDPs, Peoples Organizations (PO), and NGOs/Civil Society shall participate in the formulation of the guidelines for the disposition of the housing units and in the selection of the beneficiaries; participate in the conduct of community relations, social preparation and information dissemination activities including the drawing up of the development plan; participate in the decision-making process over matters involving the protection and promotion of their legitimate collective interest; participate and ensure the smooth transfer of the beneficiaries to the resettlement site, and apply for accreditation with PCUP and registration with HLURB.
Fig. 22. Volunteers and military sending relief goods volunteers doing medical mission among and medicines to hinterland barangays. victims and survivors.
Fig. 28. Distribution of food regularly done by Iligan Mission conducted by military doctors. Medical Center College
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The Beneficiary Selection, Arbitration and Awards Committee (BSAAC) of the LIAC came up in September 11, 2012 a status report regarding the shelter needs of IDPs mostly affected by Sendong. Table 1. shows the total number of IDPs needing permanent shelters; the number of IDPs processed by BSAAC; and the number of qualified and disqualified IDPs after series of assessment and selection activities. Table 1. Total Number of IDPs Needing Permanent Shelters TOTAL NO. OF IDPs NEEDING PERMANENT SHELTERS 7,911 NUMBER OF IDPs PROCESSED BY BSAAC NUMBER OF DISQUALIFIED IDPs NUMBER OF QUALIFIED IDPs 2,113 262 1,851
Table 1. Number of shelters needs of IDPs (Source: BSAAC Evaluation report, as of January 2013)
The BSAAC also reported the areas and the total shelter requirements of IDPs whose houses were totally and partially damaged, and those which were flooded. Table 2 describe these information as follows. Table 2. Total Shelter Requirements of IDPs in Danger and Non-Danger Zones AREAS TOTAL SHELTER REQUIREMENT DANGER ZONES (totally, partially 5,841 flooded) NON-DANGER ZONES (totally 2,070 damaged) TOTAL 7,911
Table 2. Status of shelter requirements of IDPs in areas identified as danger and non-danger zones needing shelter requirement. Source: BSAAC Evaluation Report, January 2013.
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Fig. 30. Families grieving for the loss of properties Sendong that claimed millions of and loved ones. damages
The same BSSAC report also identified the danger and non-danger zones where totally, partially damaged and flooded houses were located. In the areas covering the non-danger zones, 2,070 houses were totally damaged; 3,597 houses were partially damaged, and 9409 were flooded, with a total number of 15,076 houses affected . In areas classified as danger zones, 2,377 houses were totally damaged; 2,289 were partially damaged and 1,125 were flooded, with a total of 5,841 number of houses affected. To sum up, there were about 15,076 houses which were flooded; 5,841 houses both partially and totally damaged, with a total of 20,917 houses totally affected by Typhoon Sendong.
Fig. 32. On going construction of housing units at units to be built at GMA Kapuso Village Bayanihan Village, Brgy. Sta. Elena Brgy. Mandulog.
In January 2013, the LIAC submitted a Relocation Project Updates based on onsite accomplishments of housing project being undertaken in all relocation sites. However, for purposes of this particular study, only six (6) relocation sites are included in the assessment. A Resettlement Action Plan for Transitory IDPs now sheltered in various transitory shelters was also drawn up by the LIAC for planning considerations. Table 3. List of Transitory Shelters
TRANSITORY CENTER 1. Luinab Gym 1 LOCATION Luinab NO. OF OCCUPA NTS 30 PLACES OF TRANSFER Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga DATE OF TRANSFE R Jan-March 2013 Jan-March
15
27 30
4. ATI Bunkhouse
40
28 109
7. Mandulog IOM 8. Mandulog CRS 9. Sta. Elena Bunkhouse 10. Upper Tominobo Bunkhouse 11. Bagong Silang IOM
25 63 27
Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Upper Hinaplanon Village Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Upper Hinaplanon Village Iligan Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga GMA Kapuso Village, Phase 1 & 2, Mandulog GMA Kapuso Village, Phase 1 & 2, Mandulog Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Caritas Village, Upper Tominobo Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Bayanihan Village, Sta. Elena Bay Vista Village, Dalipuga Upper Hinaplanon Village
2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013 Jan-March 2013
43 59 40
Bagong Silang 24
San Roque
Upper Hinaplanon
40
Jan-March Upper 29 Bayanihan Village, Sta. 2013 Hinaplanon Elena Table 3. List showing transitory centers; location; no. of occupants; places of transfer and date of transfer as reported by the Housing and Resettlement Office (HRO). 15. Upper Hinaplanon
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Fig. 34. Mr. Reynaldo Roque,head of the HRO, with Mel Tiangco of GMA Kapuso addressing IDPs during a Community consultation. Brgy. Mandulog
1. Red Cross Village, Brgy. Digkilaan 2. Bayanihan Village, Brgy. Sta. Elena 3. Deus caritas Village, Brgy. Upper Tominobo 4. Deus Caritas EstVillage, Brgy. Upper Luinab 5. GMA Kapuso Village, Brgy. Mandulog 6. Deus Caritas Village Brgy. Dalipuga TOTAL
400
32
141
JV Red Cross, 320 units occupied JV GK, Habitat, PICE 674 units occupied JV Diocese,124 units occupied JV Diocese, 280 units Occupied JV GMA Kapuso, 60 units occupied Diocese, 25 units occupied
280
280
280
200
60
60
120
3 37.9
25 2,973
605
25 1,678
25
2,29 1,483 units occupied 2 Table 4. A comparative report on Relocation Project Monitoring Updates submitted by LIAC to LGU. (Source: LIAC)
Table 6. Summary Report of Iligan City Validation For Victims of TS Sendong as of April 11, 2012
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DISTRICT / BARANGAY
Totally
Flooded
TOTAL 20,917
TOTAL
28,710
10,584 3,317 14 1,698 401 1,204 2,407 1,037 268 220 120 508 254 3,558 873 630 417 482 790 328 38 403
DISTRICT 2 ABUNO TAMBACAN TIPANOY TUBOD DISTRICT 3 MAHAYAHAY PALA-O POBLACION PUGA-AN UBALDO LAYA VILLAVERDE DISTRICT 4 BAGONG SILANG DEL CARMEN HINAPLANON SAN MIGUEL SANTIAGO STO ROSARIO TIBANGA DISTRICT 5
4,928 33 2,432 518 1,945 4,728 2,101 769 292 201 1,003 362 11,423 1,821 393 5,712 150 2,832 386 129 2,627 31
4,512
20,131 139
91.56% 93.94% 88.69% 95.17% 94.14% 77.03% 75.25% 76.59% 81.85% 88.56% 78.96% 72.65% 72.62% 62.60% 195.17% 62.85% 328.67% 65.64% 89.64% 77.52% 64.67%
951 14 352 83 502 1,017 467 244 19 46 232 9 2,717 238 135 1,674 11 608 12 39 466
4,512 31 2,157 493 1,831 3,642 1,581 589 239 178 792 263 8,295 1,140 767 3,590 493 1,859 346 100 1,699
2,157 493 1,831 3,642 1,581 589 239 178 792 263 8,295 1,140 767 3,590 493 1,859 346 100 1,699
9,878 2,018 8,096 16,672 7,359 2,677 949 875 3,569 1,243 37,378 5,153 3,886 15,690 2,091 8,478 1,576 504 8,179
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DULAG KALILANGAN LANIPAO LUINAB MANDULOG UPPER HINAPLANON DISTRICT 6 BONBONON DIGKILAAN MAINIT PANOROGANAN ROGONGON SAN ROQUE DISTRICT 7 ACMAC DALIPUGA HINDANG KABACSANAN KIWALAN STA. FELOMINA
141 167 229 126 560 1,404 3,865 447 782 419 187 892 1,138 1,139 9 260 16 2 14 838
19 26 33 92 323 1,206 1,817 193 286 19 41 338 940 952 9 228 1 3 10 701
85 150 163 392 1,647 5,742 8,044 872 1,259 82 163 1,814 3,854 4,336 43 1,132 3 20 37 3,101
13.48% 15.57% 14.41% 73.02% 57.68% 85.90% 47.01% 43.18% 36.57% 4.53% 21.93% 37.89% 82.60% 83.58% 100.00% 87.69% 6.25% 150.00% 71.43% 83.65%
19 26 33 92 323 1,206 1,817 193 286 19 41 338 940 952 9 228 1 3 10 701
3. PHYSICAL STATUS OF IDPs IN SIX (6) RESETTLEMENT SITES 3.1 Specific Location and Geography Table 6. GEOGRAPHICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
NAME OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS LOCATION ELEVATI SLOPE SOIL CLIMATE
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ON (masl) Digkilaan, Iligan City Sta. Elena, Iligan City Upper Tominobo, Iligan City Luinab, Iligan City Mandulog, Iligan City Dalipuga, Iligan City
TYPE (original)
10-15 degrees 10-15 degrees 30-40 degrees 15-20 degrees 10-15 degrees 40-45 degrees
+ 50m +20m
2. Bayanihan Village
+100m
Clay loam
+100m
+50m
+ 200m
Type3 Corona classificatio n Type3 Corona classificatio n Type3 Corona classificatio n Type3 Corona classificatio n Type3 Corona classificatio n Type3 Corona classificatio n
Table 5. Estimated calculation of geographical and physical characteristics of resettlement sites based on actual ocular surveys.
Fig. 35. Deus Caritas Relocation Site at Brgy. Dalipuga Relocation Site at Brgy. Tominobo
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Fig. 37. This area is dangerous for flooding A sign 1.5 meters below the inside the GMA Kapuso Village in Mandulog. resettlement site in Mandulog
1. Red Cross Village, Brgy. Digkilaan, Iligan City 2. Bayanihan Village, Brgy. Sta. Elena, Iligan City 3. Deus Caritas Village, Brgy. Upper Tominobo, Iligan City 4. Deus Caritas Village, Brgy. Luinab, Iligan City 5. GMA Kapuso Village, Brgy. Mandulog, Iligan City 6. Deus Caritas Village, Brgy. Dalipuga, Iligan City
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
LOW
LOW
Table 6. A table showing the geohazard vulnerability and hazards status, and security risk assessment of IDPs In the six resettlement sites in Iligan City.
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Fig. 39. Absence of canals and low elevation of floor Fig. 40 Risk of Landslide is High At Bayanihan Village in area at Bayanihan Village. Sta. Elena
Fig. 41 Deus Caritas Village, Luinab, Iligan City Madulog, Iligan City
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Table 7. Showing the land use allocation of the six IDP resettlement sites.
Fig. 42. Bayanihan Village at Sta. Elena, Iligan City Village at Digkilaan, Iligan City
Fig. 44. Villa Medalya Milagrosa, Upper Tominobo Dalipuga, Iligan City