Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

JAMMU & KASHMIR POWER DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT (JKPDD),

PROJECT REPORT FOR HVDS IMPLEMENTATION FOR LT CONSUMERS OF ELLAHIBAGH & 90 FEET ROAD ELECTRIC DIVISION-IV, SUB-DIVISION, HAWAL / RAINAWARI.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

CONTENTS
PAGES FROM TO 03 06 08 10 12 13 16 19 23 25 05 07 09 11 12 15 18 22 24 25

CHAPT 01.00 02.00 03.00 04.00 05.00 06.00 07.00 08.00 09.00 10.00

DESCRIPTION GENERAL INTRODUCTION ADOPTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (HVDS) ELECTRIC POWER INSTALLED CAPACITY, ITS AVAILABILITY & CONSUMPTION IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA PROPOSED OVERALL SYSTEM PREVIEW TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION COST ESTIMATES LIST OF STANDARDS SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS

LIST OF SPECIFICATION DRAWINGS ENCLOSED

S.No. 01 02 03

DRAWING NO. DIV-IV/HVDS/REPORT/001 DIV-IV/HVDS/REPORT/002 DIV-IV/HVDS/REPORT/003

TITLE PROPSED ARRANGEMENT OF HVDS UNITS ARRANGEMENT OF ABC CABLE TYPICAL EARTHING PIT

01.00 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 2

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

01.01 Introduction to Distribution System

In general, electric power is generated at the power stations which are located at the places quite away from the consumers; it is then delivered to the consumers through a large network of transmission and distribution. Earlier, DC generators were connected to the loads at same voltage for electricity distribution because there was no way of changing DC voltage levels. Generally, DC generating plants used to be within desired radius providing power supply to consumers & to avoid large and expensive conductors, low voltages were used requiring less insulation and transmission network employed copper which in turn, increased the losses The present day electrical power system is AC. The power transformers installed at power stations raises the generation voltage. to higher level (say 220KV or 132KV) for electric power transmission. Electric power at 220KV is transmitted by three-phase, threewire overhead system to the outskirts of the city and this power is then received by the primary Grid-station which reduces the voltage level further to 33KV. This voltage is further stepped down to 11KV at secondary sub-station (Receiving stations) located at some strategic points in the city. Transformers near the consumer localities step down the Voltage level to lower level (415V, 3-phase 4-wire) to supply the loads thereby, distribution of power to long distances became more economical and the distribution losses, size of conductors got enhanced. The voltage between any two phases is 415V and between any phase and neutral is 230V. This single-phase 230V is distributed to the residential and commercial load and three-phase, 415V motor load is connected across the three-phase lines directly. Most of the distribution sub-stations are pole mounted type. Conductors require for the distribution may be carried on overhead pole lines or can be buried underground in densely populated areas.

01.02 Existing low voltage distribution system (LVDS)

The existing distribution system in India employs large three-phase 11KV main distribution feeders with three-phase spur lines and three-phase distribution transformers transforming 11KV into 400V. Distribution system with low voltage employs four core cables and long low tension lines and multiple loads fed from a bulk power transformer resulting in the increase in system losses affecting voltage profile and performance of distribution system. Low voltage distribution is done either by three-phase four-wire, three phase five-wire, single phase three-wire and single phase two-wire low tension lines. Generally, in the process of supplying electricity to the consumers, energy losses occur due to technical and commercial losses. The technical losses are mainly caused by the energy dissipated in the conductors and equipment used for transformation, transmission and distribution of power. The commercial losses are caused by pilferage, errors in the meter reading or defective meters and in the estimation of unmetered energy supply.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

These losses depend on the load density, energy pattern used and configuration of transmission and distribution system.

01.03 Reasons for High Technical and Commercial Losses

Improper load management resulting in overloading of conductor and transformers. Also, the pumping loads and industrial loads in areas results in low power factor which in turn, increases the losses. Inadequate investment in transmission and distribution system resulting in the overloading of the distribution system. Undesired location of distribution transformers increases the overall length of distribution network causing low voltage at the consumers point. Employment of poor workmanship and use of inferior quality equipment in areas and in industrial loads in urban areas are some factors greatly affecting the process of distribution network. Old equipments are not maintained, repaired and upgraded properly. Even, capacitors for power factor correction are not installed. Loss of power is done by deteriorated wires and services. Improper testing and calibration of meters, changing sequence of terminal wiring and current transformer ratio reduces the recording. Loads are widely dispersed and low tension lines run for long distances to feed small loads. Low voltage distribution network results in large faults leading to the frequent interruptions in supply and distribution transformer failures due to low tension fault currents. This distribution system is unsuitable to serve in densely populated areas. Monitoring of low voltage feeders is very difficult and low voltage feeders have considerable voltage drop which is a cause of high current losses beyond loading limits.

01.04 Drawbacks of LVDS

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Higher losses, poor tail end voltages, more fluctuations in voltage and frequent cuts fuse blowouts. Due to frequent faults, more failures in distribution transformer and its maintenance and repair requires high expenditure. Due to delay in replacement of failed distribution transformers, there is a great loss & burden on state exchequer & huge public outcry.

Unauthorized hooking or tapping the bare conductors of low tension feeder or tampered service lines and monitoring of low voltage feeders is really very difficult. In case of any failure in three-phase large capacity distribution transformer, entire unit is to be replaced which consumes more time.

After analyzing the pros and cons of low voltage distribution system, it is clear that there is a great need to reduce the losses in the existing distribution network. Some measures can be taken to minimize the technical as well as commercial losses to some extent and that are: Identification of weakest areas in the distribution system and strengthening them so as to draw the maximum benefits by way of extracting more revenue of the limited resources available. The increase in the load density increases the current density in same proportion which in turn, increases the need of more transforming centers, so a proper strategy is required to be carried out in order to overcome the drawbacks of low voltage distribution system. In existing LVDS, lengthy 11 kV LT lines are laid Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System employing three-phase DTRs of capacity 630kVA, 500kVA, 400kVA, 100 KVA or 63kVA feeding large number of consumers resulting in poor tail end voltages, high losses, frequent faults, cuts. DTR failures causing loss besides huge public outcry. To overcome all these problems, implementation of high voltage distribution system is considered as the best move to enhance the performance of distribution system

02.00 ADOPTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (HVDS)

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

The losses in Indian Power System are around 51.80%% and are inherent during the processing and delivery of power in existing distribution network. Switching over to three phase HVDS maintains better voltage profiles and reliability of supply to the consumers. In HVDS, power is distributed mainly through high voltage lines. This system employs the combination of 11KV three-phase and single phase configuration small capacity distribution transformers (5KVA, 6.3kVA, 10KVA, 16KVA, 25kVA) extending supply to 3 to 5 consumers with least low tension lines, preferably insulated overhead cable system thereby, reducing losses, overloading and distribution transformer failure and improving the efficiency of the system. This system selects copper wound transformers with very less no-load loss in order to provide mechanical stability to winding

02.01 Conversion of LVDS into HVDS

To improve quality of supply and to reduce losses HVDS is recommended. HVDS is constructed by converting the existing low tension lines to single phase system. 11 KV lines are extended to as nearer to the loads as possible and erect small size either single phase transformers or three phase transformers of available capacities with NO or least LT line. Unavoidable short LT lengths to be covered by insulated wires like ABC (Aerial Bunched Cables). HVDS can be single phase and one neutral (continuous neutral from sub-station), two-phase two-wire (rigidly earthed natural system) or three-phase small rating transformers with three-phase high voltage system. With three phases to neutral system, a continuous earth wire is required to be drawn from 11KV/0.430kV sub-station and earth wire is to be earthed at all the poles. The neutral of the distribution transformer is also earthed on high and low voltage sides. On the secondary side of the transformer, voltage is 230V. The single phase transformer used can be oil filled or dry type. 02.02 Benefits with HVDS The registered customers feel ownership not allowing others to meddle with low tension network. Thus, the chances of running unauthorised hooking of loads will be prevented due to short and insulated low tension lines minimising pilferage and improving quality of supply. Due to reduction in KVA capacity, voltage drop on low voltage lines is negligible thereby, improving voltage profile.

The excellent voltage will reduce installation of automatic voltage regulators & thus will minimize fluctuations in voltages. In the event of any fault, only limited no. of customers will be affected increasing the reliability of the system. Less space is required for transmission line transformer installation and routing of HT

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Failure of distribution transformer will be eliminated due to the short length low tension lines and use of aerial bunched cables. In case of damage of unit, failed unit can be replaced quickly and it will be easy to erect and transport too. Meter tampering becomes very difficult High quality of power supply earns total consumer satisfaction. Smaller size conductors can be employed and accidents due to touching of snapped conductors reduced as the breaker trips at substation Capacities of single phase units can be selected to avoid the laying of low tension lines because these units are available in ratings from 5 KVA to 25 KVA. Also, single phase loads will not contribute to the high unbalances so they can be connected on individual transformers dividing them.

Unauthorized connections get totally eliminated in HVDS & Consumers become accountable and responsible. The enclosed Figure 1 gives elementary idea of how HVDS eliminates unauthorized connection in such system as compared to LVDS.

Thus by implementing HVDS, a continuous watch can be kept on the reduction in input units and the amount of energy saved in terms of money thus, the billing and collection efficiency increases and the problem of frequent failure of power due to failure of distribution transformer will be reduced considerably. 02.03 HVDS Implemented in Areas HVDS in Kashmir region has been implemented in 90 Feet road Soura of Electric Division IV, of Hawal Sub-division where high voltage line is extended to the load point and supply is tapped off thru three-phase or single phase HVDS transformers. Under this low tension lines were completely replaced by way of installing 28Nos of single phase HVDS units & One No. 25kVA HVDS unit. These all measures were adopted only to improve the viability of the distribution system. H.V.D.S.besides can be implemented straight away in places where new constructions are emerging & thus those areas can be electrified in view of its technical superiority.

03.00 ELECTRIC POWER INSTALLED CAPACITY, ITS AVAILABILITY & CONSUMPTION

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

The total energy input for the financial year 2012-13 for sub-division has been viewed to be 1865.81 & as such seem to be having an increasing trend . The increasing trend in energy consumption can be attributed to various factors like increase of connected load & consequent maximum demand & not but the least unauthorized use of electric power by consumers remaining unaccounted because of easy access to LT network & thus resorting to illegal pilferage of power & loss in revenue thereafter. The Electric sub-division Hawal looks after HT/LT network of all feeders emanating from 8 receiving stations enlisted below:

S.NO 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

RECEIVING STATION SOURA (2X10 + 6.3) BAGWANPORA (2X10) BAMK(3X6.3) ELLAHIBAGH (2X6.3) OWNTABAWAN (2X6.3) LAL BAZAR (10 + 5) ZOONIMER (1X6.3) MUGHAL MASJID (2X10)

NO. OF FEEDERS 05 03 05 02 02 03 01 06(ONLY 2 FEEDERS PERTAINING TO HAWAL)

The sub-division has a consumer base of total consumer base of 20,887 of various categories, domestic, commercial, State/Central, Industrial, Bulk etc. The numbers of total domestic consumers are 17,786 who are provided power supply mostly thru LT network from local distribution transformers. However, after detailed survey was conducted in Jurisdiction of Hawal sub-division it was decided that a pilot project in form of HVDS be selected to reduce Transmission & commercial losses to a certain level. The area selected for implementation of HVDS was 90 feet road Soura. 28Nos. of 16kVA HVDS units, on single pole structures with 2-phase 11kV HT supply transforming into 230V that is directly provided to consumers thru 20sq. mm twin core cable. The meter box fixed to same pole houses 3 Nos. of single phase meters is sealed from outside. After success of this project it is proposed that the scheme be extended further for achieving desired objectives. The objective of less distribution losses due to length and lower current on the HT side was achieved. less LT conductor

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

figure showing HVDS implementation in 90 Feet Road

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

04.00 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

The total No. of Installations to be covered in the said scheme is 432. Keeping a provision of 4 kW/consumer including load growth, it has been proposed to install 111 No.s of 25 kVA Capacity, 3-Phase 11KV/230V Copper Wound HVDS Units. These units will be mounted on frame of 9m long SP-33 Steel Tubular Poles, along with 6X1 Panel type meter boxes fitted with suitable accessories like MCBs, Single Phase Digital Energy Meters etc. The consumer shall be provided with 20 mm Twin core PVC Flat Aluminum Cable as service line. The areas proposed for implementation of HVDS scheme are listed in Chapter 07.00. The existing HT line (Feeder 5) emanating from receiving station Soura is proposed to be extended further along 90 feet road Soura. The feeder terminates on road at Lane No 06 of Iqbal Colony Soura that besides marks end of existing HVDS. It is proposed to extend feeder further for lanes & by lanes on existing areas were complete implementation of HVDS was missed in earlier phase. Complete details are reproduced below 06.01. LT lines existent in said areas from various distribution transformers tabulated below will after implementation of this scheme get completely eliminated. It is proposed 0.05ACSR conductor will be utilized for HT lines on main roads while ABC Cables of various sizes terminated thru heat shrinkable termination kits will be used in lanes & by lanes. The conductor formation & clearance of 11kV lines will be maintained as per the standard enclosed in figures A-16 & A-13. Suspension of ABC cables in lanes & by lanes is proposed to be as per figure 2(a) enclosed here in list of drawings. Complete details of earthing arrangement of sub-stations & HT poles are enclosed here in figure F10 & F-12. 11kV link sets on HT frame are to be incorporated along various sections to isolate those areas on occurrence of faults & to facilitate charging of rest of feeder. Given the volume of investment, a phased approach is to be adopted to cover the entire population under HVDS. To begin with, defaulting consumers and pilfer prone pockets are identified and connected load of each load block comprising such errant consumers worked out. Priority of implementation of HVDS is first given to upcoming areas where new construction along with installation with huge load blocks is observed. Losses attributable to pilferage will reduce significantly, thereby making the investments productive, while voltage conditions improved, thereby arresting damage of transformers. More significantly, compelling circumstances created for unauthorized consumers to regularize their supply, as the HV lines will be out of bounds for dishonest abstraction of electricity. Elimination of pilferage will lead to virtual nullification of the peak power loss, thereby freeing up capacity to serve regular loads. Concurrently, consumer accountability will increase, resulting in moral ownership of the transformer dedicated to a group of consumers. The illustration is depicted in fig-1 enclosed here.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Table: Abstract of Implementation (Sub-div hawal) S.No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Particulars No. of Installations No. of HVDS Units No of Consumers per HVDS Unit No. of 1-Phase Digital KWh Meters Average Load per Consumer (kW) No. 432 111 4 432 6

Table: Abstract of Implementation (Sub-div Rainawari) S.N o 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Particulars No. of Installations No. of HVDS Units No of Consumers per HVDS Unit No. of 1-Phase Digital KWh Meters Average Load per Consumer (kW) No. 275 69 4 275 6

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

05.00 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN CRITERIA 05.01 The prevailing practice of HVDS in Kashmir Valley is to use a single conductor or
two conductors for HVDS transformer. The other terminal of LT winding of the singlephase transformer is grounded locally. This connection is nothing but Single Wire Earth Return System (SWER). An elementary idea of SWER system is enclosed here in figure title SWER System. REC has recently issued Standard Technical Specification (Specification No. 75/2005) for 5kVA HVDS Transformers, wherein it has been made clear that in case of single phase 11/sqrt (3) HVDS transformers, 3 ph., 4 Wire system at 11kV (with separate neutral wire running continuously from 33/11kV sub-station) shall be adopted and proper earthling of neutral wire separately at both ends shall be ensured. In view of this following guideline for construction of HVDS substations have been issued: The standard rating of HVDS transformers shall be 5, 6.3, 10 & 16kVA for 11/3 (Phase to Neutral) transformers and 10 & 16kVA for 11kV (Phase to Phase) transformers. (REC Specification no. 50/1987 & 75/2005) 5kVA transformers will be of great help in feeding small habitations were small loads are to be supplied in rural areas. Also 5kVA transformers can be used as a dedicated transformer for every consumer in urban area. (Foreword to REC Specification no. 75/2005) The 3 phase and 2 phase HVDS transformers shall be fed from 3 wire 11kV system in conventional manner. However in case of single phase HVDS transformers (11/3 kV primary), 3 Ph, 4 wire system at 11kV with separate neutral wire running continuously from 33/11kV sub-station shall be adopted and proper earthling of neutral wire separately at both ends shall be ensured. (REC Specification no. 50/1987 & 75/2005) The transformers shall be mounted on single poles. The neutral wire shall be of minimum size ACSR/AAAC recommended for 11kV by REC (eg ACSR 7/2.11mm, 20mm2 aluminum area)( REC Specification no. 1/1970 revised 1993)

The neutral shall be run on LT shackle insulators installed on 11kV pole directly through D-clamps. The point of attachment of neutral wire shall be 800mm below lowermost 11kV phase conductors.( REC Specification no. A-16) The single phase HVDS transformers shall be distributed equally on the 3 phases of 11kV system to ensure balancing of load at 33/11kV substation feeding the single phase HVDS system

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

06.00 PROPOSED OVERALL SYSTEM PREVIEW

06.01 The following areas have thereby been selected for HVDS implementation: A) Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 400kVA 90 Feet Road (F3 of R/s Soura)

S.No .
01 02 03 04 B)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme 90 Feet road near Chinar Towards Owntabawan prior to Chinar Tree 90 Feet road near shops Prior to Abu bakr Lane

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 02Nos. 01Nos. 03Nos. 01No.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 7 consumers & a 3-phase installation 04 consumers 10 consumers 05 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 400kVA Azad Colony (F1 of R/s Ellahibagh)

S.No .
01 02 03 04 05 06 C)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Iqbal colony lane no. 02 Iqbal colony lane no. 03 Iqbal colony lane no. 05 Iqbal colony lane no. 06 Shah faisal colony lane no. 01 Shah faisal colony lane no. 02

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 04Nos. 05Nos. 05Nos. 03No. 03Nos. 05Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 16 consumers 17 consumers. 17 consumers. 12 consumers 10 consumers 20 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 630kVA Housing

Colony (F1 of R/s Ellahibagh)

S.No .
01 02 03 04

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Road on 90 Feet road Towards Housing Colony Adjacent to govt. Park Adjacent PHE pump

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 04 Nos. 02 Nos. 06 Nos. 02No.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 15 consumers 08 consumers. 22 consumers. 06 consumers

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

05 06 07 08 D)

Adjacent to 630kVA Housing Colony Ahead of 630kVA Housing Colony Prior to 400kVA Housing colony Other side of park

08Nos. 04 Nos. 07Nos 02Nos

30 consumers 16 consumers 28 consumers 08 Consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA Usmania Colony (F1 of R/s Ellahibagh)

S.No .
01 02 03 04

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Usmania colony lane no. 03 Lane Masjid Aashiya On road adjacent to existing 250kVA Usmania Colony Usmania Colony Lane - A

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 02Nos. 02Nos. 01Nos. 09No.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 08 Consumers 08 Consumers. 04 consumers. 35 consumers

F)

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 630kVA Village (F1 of R/s Ellahibagh)

S.No .
01 02 G)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Towards Habbak Grid Near Airtel Tower on road

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 11 Nos. 02 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 46 Consumers 9 Consumers.

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA al-Noor Colony (F1 of R/s Ellahibagh)

S.No .
01 02 03

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Near Orange Crche In vicinity of 250kVA AlNoor Houses in vicinity of Open area

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 04Nos. 05 Nos. 09 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 16 Consumers 20 Consumers. 34 consumers.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme of S/D Rainawari

A) Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA Sheeshbagh (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01 B)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 11 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 45 Consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 100kVA Green Colony (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01 C)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 6 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 24 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA Akhzar Avenue (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01 D)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 10 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 38 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA Burzubagh (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01 E)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 17 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 68 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 250kVA Madina Colony (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01 F)

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 10 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 40 consumers

Name of Existing Distribution transformer & Feeder :: 400kVA Rangpora (F3 of R/s Habbak)

S.No .
01

Areas to be electrified in proposed HVDS scheme Along Lanes & By-lanes

No. of HVDS (25kVA) units selected 15 Nos.

Total No. of consumers on proposed HVDS 60 consumers

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

07.00 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Based on the preliminary field survey conducted & above discussed considerations following are the list of materials along with their brief technical specifications:

07.01

Aerial Bunched Cable

Aerial Bunched Cable (11 KV) weather proof of Sizes 3X120sq.mm. 3x95sq.mm, 3x70sq.mm, 3x50sq.mm, 3x35sq.mm can be used for 11kV HT tap lines, proposed for lanes & by lanes where HVDS is proposed.

07.02

Outdoor type Distribution Transformers

The standard proposed ratings of transformers utilised can be 10, 16, 25kVA. Oil Immersed naturally cooled 3 phase 11 kV/433 - 250 V distribution transformers for outdoor use pole mounted.

07.03

Cable Boxes

The transformer shall be fitted with suitable LV cable box having non-magnetic material gland plate with appropriate sized single compression brass glands on LV side for cable termination.

07.04

FITTINGS

The following standard fittings shall be provided: Rating and terminal marking plates, non-detachable. Earthing terminals with lugs Lifting lugs for main tank and top cover Terminal connectors on the HV/LV bushings {for bare terminations only}. Thermometer pocket with cap. Air release device HV bushings - 3 Nos. LV bushings - 4 Nos. Pulling lugs Radiators - No. and length to be mentioned (as per heat dissipation calculations) Lightning arrestors on HT side - 3 No. Prismatic level gauge. Drain cum sampling valve. 2

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Top filter valve Oil filling hole and drain plug on the conservator. Silica gel breather Base channel 75x40 mm Pressure relief device or explosion vent.

7.5

Steel tubular poles for overhead power lines

Steel Tubular stepped type/swaged type poles for overhead power lines confirming to IS: 2713 of 1980 are proposed. Pole shall be provided with earthing arrangements. A though hole of 14 mm diameter be provided in each pole at a height of 300 mm above the planting depth. The pole shall be quoted with black bituminous paint confirming to IS: 158 of 1968 read with latest amendments throughout, internally and externally upto level which goes inside the earth. The Remaining portion of the exterior shall be painted one coat or red- oxide primer as specified in IS; 2074 of 1979 read with latest amendments Designation as per IS: 2713 Part II 1. 410-SP-56 11 Mtrs. Long S.T. pole. 2. 410-SP-33 9.0 Mtr. Long ST Pole.

7.6

11 KV D.O. fuse unit (one set of 3 nos.)

The D.O. Fuses are intended for use on transformers for protection/isolation of the same during overload or fault conditions. the drop out fuse shall conform to IS: 9385 (Part- I) to III) as amended from time to time. The drops out fuses are required with Post Insulators. These shall be suitable for mounting on the structure. The bracket/channel hardware for DO Fuses shall be provided with adequate sizes of nuts, bolts and washer for mounting on the structures. The rated voltage shall be 11KV for 11KV DO Fuses. The rated lightning impulse withstands voltage both for positive and negative polarities shall be as given below: To earth and between poles Across the isolating distance of fuse base 1015KV Peak 85KV Peak

RATED ONE MINUTE POWER FREQUENCY WITHSTAND VOLTAGE (DRY AND WET) VALUES FOR THE FUSE BASE a) To earth and between poles b) Across the isolating distance of fuse base : : 28KV Peak 32KV Peak

The rated breaking capacity shall be 8KA (A symmetrical). 2

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

7.7

11 KV A.B. Switch (G O Switch).

The 11KV AB switches shall conform to IS: 9920 (Part-I to IV). The 11KV Air Break Switches are required with two poles in each phase. The AB Switches shall be with phase coupling shaft, operating rod and operating handle. It shall be manually gang operated and vertically break and horizontal mounting type. a normal current rating of 400 Amps and for continuous service at the system voltage specified as under: 11 KV AB Switch : 11KV + 10% continuous 50 C/s solidly grounded earthed neutral system The complete set of three phase AB Switches shall have stacks of post insulators. 11KV AB Switches : 3 No. 11KV Post Insulator per stack

7.8

11 KV Gapless Lightening Arrestors (Station Type & Line Type).

Single phase outdoor metal oxide type gapless surge arresters for use in effectively earthed system with the transformer neutral effectively earthed with normal voltage of 11KV for 9KV Lightning arrestors. The rated voltage of Arrestors shall be 9KV (rms) for 11KV system. Current impulse withstand level The 9 KV arrestors shall withstand 18 impulse of long duration current with a peak level of 75 Amp & duration 1000 micro secs. 30KV arrestors shall meet the duty prescribed in line discharge Class-I of IEC TC-37. The arrestor for 11KV system to be provided with a suitable disconnecting device. This shall be connected in series with the ground lead and should not affect the sealing system of the arrestor. The disconnecting device shall conform to the requirement specified in IS:3070 (Part-II) 1993 & IEC 99-4 (1991-II) clause 5.12, 7.6.3.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

08.00

COST ESTIMATION

The detailed quantities of various works to be executed under the scheme have been worked out based on preliminary field survey and above discussed considerations details of which are enclosed. A tentative cost estimate has been prepared for the scheme mainly on the basis of cost data available in Electric Division-IV, Khanyar. The detailed cost estimate is enclosed herewith.
Annexure A: Estimate for HVDS Units.
Tentative Estimate for Design, Supply, Testing & Commissioning of 25 KVA 11 KV/240V HVDS Units in 90 feet Road & Ellahibagh S.No Particular (Supply ,erection ,testing & commissioning of following items) Supply, Erection, Testing & Commissioning of 9 Mtr Long Steel Tublar YST 240 of 1551161 of design as per IS-2713, 410 SP33 as per IS-2713. Digging of pit disposal of earth and providing and laying of cement concreting in1:2:4 ratio for bottoming of pole structure 1' above 6" from below pole base upto ground level &1 around the pole in M-15 mix pole upto ground level) Providing, Erection, Fixing, Testing & Commissioning of MS Channel Iron 75x40x40x6' long (206 No.) duly fabricated as per site requirement and painted with two coats of Red oxide and Al. Paint. Providing, Erection, Fixing, Testing & Commissioning of MS Angle Iron 50x50x6' long (206 No.) duly fabricated as per site requirement and painted with two coats of Red oxide and Al. Paint. Providing & Fixing of 11 KV Pin Insulators with pins Providing & Fixing of GI Earthing Strip 25x3 mm. Providing & Fixing of pipe earthing /Rod earthing complete as per REC standard Structure painting & fluorscent display writing of poles Providing & Fixing of Earthing Boots. Providing & Fixing of PG clamps for making connections at take off points. Unit Qty Rate/Unit (Rs) No 412 9500.00 Rate/Unit (Rs) 3914000.00

Job

206

1500.00

309000.00

Kg

2682.12

60.00

160927.20

Kg

3386.64

60.00

203198.40

5 6 7 8 9 10

No Kg Kg No No No

412 2060 206 206 2556 206

90.00 80.00 1500.00 100.00 50.00 40.00

37080.00 164800.00 309000.00 20600.00 127800.00 8240.00

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System Providing & Fixing of Guys along with guy insulators, Guy rods with turn buckles complete. Providing & Fixing of MS Channel iron 75x50x50x6 mm 9 long for transformer duly fabricated & welded with pole. Providing & Fixing of lighting arrestor set Providing & Fixing of Drop out fuse set Providing & Fixing of G.O.S Providing, Erection, Mounting, Poistioning, Testing & Commissioning including scaffolding sets of 25 KVA 11 KV/240 Copper wound HVDS transformer. Providing, Laying, Fixing & Connecting Service line 50 mm single core Al.cable Providing & Fixing Meter Box (Panel Type 6x1 Meters) with Bus Bars etc.complete Providing, Laying, Fixing & Connecting Service line of 10 mm Twin core Al. flat cable. Providing & Fixing of Anti Climbing device Providing & Fixing of Danger plate Providing & Fixing of 40/63 Amp MCB DP (ISI Mark) Earthing of Poles & Substation Complete. Providing & Fixing of Sundry Nuts, Bolts, Washers, etc,. Providing & fixing of MS Angle Iron braces (50x50x6mm 10m long) duly fabricated.

11

No

20

1500.00

30000.00

12 13 14 15

kg Set No No

24139.1 206 206 206

60.00 1800.00 1200.00 3800.00

1448344.80 370800.00 247200.00 782800.00

16

No

206

20000.00

4120000.00

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Km No Km No No No Job Kg Kg

3 206 12 206 206 206 206 500 283.889

52000.00 4200.00 15000.00 100.00 50.00 250.00 3500.00 80.00 60.00 Total

156000.00 865200.00 180000.00 20600.00 10300.00 51500.00 721000.00 40000.00 17033.32 14315423.72

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Annexure B: Estimate for HT Tap Line for HVDS Units.

Tentative Estimate for Supply, Erection, Testing & Commissioning of 11KV HT Line for 25 KVA 11 KV/240V HVDS Units in Ellahibagh & 90 Feet Road Soura
Part (A)

S.No.

4 5 6 7 8 9

Particular (Supply, Erection, testing & commissioning of following items) Providing, Erection, Testing & Commissioning of 9mts Steel Tubular poles SP-33 complete with base plate and top cap including fabrication of pole site requirement, loading, un-loading, dragging, carriage upto working site as per IS Standard. Digging of pit disposal of earth and providing and laying of cement concreting in1:2:4 ratio for bottoming of pole structure 1' above 6" from below pole base upto ground level &1 around the pole in M-15 mix pole upto ground level) Providing, Erection, fixing, testing & commissioning of MS Channel Iron 75x40x40x6' long (40 No.) for fabricating V-Cross as per site requirement and painted with two coats of Red oxide and Al. Paint. Providing & Fixing of U-Clamps for fixing of Pin insulators of flat iron 35x4 mm. ABC Cable of Sizes 70/50/35 sq.mm 11KV Pins along with Pin insulators. Providing, Fixing, Testing & Commissioning of earthing rods Providing, Fixing, Testing & Commissioning of Nuts & Bolts /washers (Galvanized of sorts) Providing, Fixing, Testing & Commissioning of GI Wire for earthing. Providing, Erection, Testing & commissioning of ACSR 0.05 conductor (Rabbit) Conductor as per latest IS Standard, including loading, un-loading, carriage upto working site. Painting of poles/structure with 2 coats of Al. & red oxide paint. Earthing of Poles Complete. Providing & Fixing of Guys along with guy insulators, Guy rods with turn buckles complete.

Qty.

Unit

Rate/uni t

Amount

60

Job

14300.00

858000.00

60

Job

1700.00

102000.00

400

Kg

74.00

29600.00

160 15 180 60 165 150

kg kms No. No Kg Kg

74.00 9000.00 165.00 480.00 92.00 90.00

11840.00 135000.00 29700.00 28800.00 15180.00 13500.00

10

7.20

Km

38000.00

273600.00

11 12 13

60 60 20

Job Job No. Tota l

300.00 1750.00 1500.00

18000.00 105000.00 30000.00 1650220.0 0

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

Annexure C: Estimate Single Phase Digital Energy Meters for HVDS Units. Tentative Estimate for Supply, Erection, Testing & Commissioning of Single Phase LT Digital Energy Meters for HVDS at University Campus, Hazratbal. Particular (Supply, Erection, testing & Rate/unit Amount S.No. Qty. Unit commissioning of following items) (Rs.) (Rs.)

Supply,

Erection,

Testing

&

Commissioning of Single Phase, AC, 2-Wire LT Digital Energy Meters 240V, 50Hz, CI.1.0, kWh of 1 SPEM 01 Type as per IS:13779 standard along with 4 No.'s Tamper proof Departmental Seals and other accessories like Conduit, Binding Wire, Aluminum Lugs,
Total: Table: Abstract of Total cost. S.No 1 2 3 Particulars On Account of 25 kVA HVDS Units. On Account of HT Tap Line for HVDS Units. On Account of 1-Phase Digital kWh Meters Total: Amount (Rs.)
11722418.92 1650220.00 648000.00

264 No.'s 1500.00

396000.00

PVC Tape etc. for LT Connections.

396000.00

14020639

This is however only a tentative cost of the scheme based on preliminary data which may vary during actual execution of the scheme.

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

09.00

APPLICABLE STANDARD:-

All the cables shall conform to the requirements of following standards with latest Amendments, if any
S.No. IS Code IS:7098(Part-2) 1985 with latest amendments IS:8130-1984 Cross linked Description Polyethylene insulated Sheathed

Cables for working voltage from 3.3 KV up to and including 33KV Specification for conductors for Insulated electric cables Specification for PVC Insulation and sheath of electric cables. Specification for mild steel wires, strips and taps for Armouring cables. Methods of test for cables. Methods for random sampling Wooden drum for electric cables XLPE Cable Methods of test for cables. Conductors for insulated cables Drums for electric cables Specification for PVC Insulation and sheath of electric cables. Specification for Transformer Oil Specification for colors for ready mixed paints Ready mixed paint. brushing zinc chromate, priming Specification for high voltage porcelain bushing Testing for steel sheets and strips and magnetic circuits Dimensions for clamping arrangements for bushings Specification for Low Voltage bushings Specification for Outdoor Bushings Specification for Al Wire rods Specification for Insulating Kraft Paper Guide for loading of oil Immersed Transformers Determination of water content in 011 for porcelain bushing of transformer Paper covered aluminum conductor Rectangular Electrical conductor for electrical machines

IS:5831-1984 IS: 3975-1979 IS:10810-1984 IS:4905-1968 IS:10418-1982 IS-7098 IS- 10810/1984 IS 8130/1984 IS 10418/1982 IS- 5831-1984 IS-335 IS-5 IS-104 IS-2099 IS-649 IS-457 IS-7421 IS-.347 IS-5484 IS-9335 IS-6600 I S-2362 IS-6162 IS-6160

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

IS-5561 IS-6103 IS-6262 IS-6792 IS-10028

Electrical power connector Testing of specific resistance of electrical insulating liquids Method of test for power factor and dielectric Constant of electrical insulating liquids Determination of electrical strength of insulating oil Installation and maintenance of transformers.

10.0 Conclusion

Minimization of Losses by Implementing High Voltage Distribution System

The HVDS scheme has generated a learning curve, leading to formulation of a new strategy of energy conservation and demand curtailment. This novel approach is being pursued so as to reduce energy wastage and optimize the power intake. Initial results indicate that the energy saving can be as much as 70%, even without reengineering of the suction and delivery system. Because of reduced consumption, the consumers benefits by reducing his monthly expenditure on electricity. An important corollary is that consumers support the process and respond spontaneously to the change, which produces long term gains to them and the utility.