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    Silicon: Domestic Production and Use

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    dancercel
    1) The document summarizes production and trade statistics for silicon materials in the United States and globally in 2005. 2) Domestic production of silicon materials was expected to increase slightly in 2005 over 2004 levels. Import and export levels for silicon materials in the US declined in 2005 compared to 2004. 3) China is by far the leading global producer of both ferrosilicon and silicon metal, accounting for about half of worldwide production. Global production levels of silicon materials were projected to be relatively stable compared to 2004 levels.

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    Silicon: Domestic Production and Use

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    dancercel
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    1) The document summarizes production and trade statistics for silicon materials in the United States and globally in 2005. 2) Domestic production of silicon materials was expected to increase slightly in 2005 over 2004 levels. Import and export levels for silicon materials in the US declined in 2005 compared to 2004. 3) China is by far the leading global producer of both ferrosilicon and silicon metal, accounting for about half of worldwide production. Global production levels of silicon materials were projected to be relatively stable compared to 2004 levels.

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    1) The document summarizes production and trade statistics for silicon materials in the United States and globally in 2005. 2) Domestic production of silicon materials was expected to increase slightly in 2005 over 2004 levels. Import and export levels for silicon materials in the US declined in 2005 compared to 2004. 3) China is by far the leading global producer of both ferrosilicon and silicon metal, accounting for about half of worldwide production. Global production levels of silicon materials were projected to be relatively stable compared to 2004 levels.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views2 pages

    Silicon: Domestic Production and Use

    Uploaded by

    dancercel
    1) The document summarizes production and trade statistics for silicon materials in the United States and globally in 2005. 2) Domestic production of silicon materials was expected to increase slightly in 2005 over 2004 levels. Import and export levels for silicon materials in the US declined in 2005 compared to 2004. 3) China is by far the leading global producer of both ferrosilicon and silicon metal, accounting for about half of worldwide production. Global production levels of silicon materials were projected to be relatively stable compared to 2004 levels.

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    150

    SILICON
    (Data in thousand metric tons of silicon content unless otherwise noted) Domestic Production and Use: Estimated value of silicon metal and alloys (excluding semiconductor-grade silicon) produced in the United States in 2005 was about $412 million. Five companies produced silicon materials in six plants. Of those companies, four produced ferrosilicon in four plants. Silicon metal was produced by three companies in four plants. Two of the five companies in the industry produced both products at two plants. All of the active ferrosilicon and silicon metal plants were east of the Mississippi River. Most ferrosilicon was consumed in the ferrous foundry and steel industries, predominantly in the eastern half of the United States. The main consumers of silicon metal were producers of aluminum and aluminum alloys and the chemical industry. The semiconductor industry, which manufactures chips for computers from high-purity silicon, accounted for only a few percent of silicon demand. Salient StatisticsUnited States: Production Imports for consumption Exports Consumption, apparent Price,1 average, cents per pound Si: Ferrosilicon, 50% Si Ferrosilicon, 75% Si Silicon metal Stocks, producer, yearend Net import reliance2 as a percentage of apparent consumption Recycling: Insignificant. Import Sources (2001-04): Brazil, 16%; South Africa, 14%; Canada, 11%; Venezuela, 10%; and other, 49%. Tariff: Item Ferrosilicon, 55%-80% Si: More than 3% Ca Other Ferrosilicon, 80%-90% Si Ferrosilicon, more than 90% Si Ferrosilicon, other: More than 2% Mg Other Silicon, more than 99.99% Si Silicon, 99.00%-99.99% Si Silicon, other Number 7202.21.1000 7202.21.5000 7202.21.7500 7202.21.9000 7202.29.0010 7202.29.0050 2804.61.0000 2804.69.1000 2804.69.5000 Normal Trade Relations 12-31-05 1.1% ad val. 1.5% ad val. 1.9% ad val. 5.8% ad val. Free. Free. Free. 5.3% ad val. 5.5% ad val. 2001 282 231 23 502 42.8 31.9 50.5 40 44 2002 261 285 22 540 41.1 32.8 53.2 25 52 2003 253 315 26 544 47.7 45.3 61.3 22 54 2004 275 338 24 595 58.2 55.4 81.9 16 54 2005e 276 330 23 577 56 48 77 22 52

    Depletion Allowance: Quartzite, 15% (Domestic and foreign); gravel, 5% (Domestic and foreign). Government Stockpile: None. Events, Trends, and Issues: Domestic apparent consumption of silicon materials in 2005 was projected to be slightly less than that of 2004. Ferrosilicon accounted for 52% of the apparent consumption, up from 51% in 2004. The annual growth rate for ferrosilicon demand usually falls in the range of 1% to 2%, in line with long-term trends in steel production, but through the first 9 months of 2005, domestic steel production was 6% lower than that for the same period in 2004. Domestic shipments of silicon metal through the first 8 months in 2005 were about 1% higher than those of the same period in 2004. Demand for silicon metal comes primarily from the aluminum and chemical industries. In the first 9 months of 2005, the consumption increase in domestic specialty chemicals, which include silicones, was about 5.3% compared with that during the same period in 2004. Domestic primary aluminum production was projected to remain flat in 2005, as was secondary aluminum production. Global primary aluminum production in 2005 was projected to be 5% higher than that of 2004.

    Prepared by Lisa A. Corathers [(703) 648-4973, [email protected], fax: (703) 648-7757]

    151

    SILICON
    Domestic production in 2005, expressed in terms of contained silicon, was expected to increase slightly. Production in 2004 and 2005 was about 11% greater than that in 2003. Companies adjusted their product mix at some plants to meet changes in demand. Through the first 9 months of 2005, prices trended downward in the U.S. market for silicon materials. Compared with those at the beginning of the year, weekly average prices as of the end of September were lower for 50% ferrosilicon (9%), 75% ferrosilicon (10%), and silicon metal (4%). Year-average prices were projected to be lower for 50% ferrosilicon, 75% ferrosilicon, and silicon metal than those for 2004. At the end of September, the range in dealer import price, in cents per pound of contained silicon, was 47 to 49 for 50% ferrosilicon, 42 to 44 for 75% ferrosilicon, and 70 to 72 for silicon metal. U.S. imports and exports of silicon materials in 2005, projected on the basis of data for the first 7 months of the year, were 3% and 4% less, respectively, than those in 2004. These trends were attributable primarily to decreases in silicon metal imports and exports. Decreases in silicon metal imports also led to a reduction in net import reliance as a percentage of apparent consumption compared with that of 2004. World Production, Reserves, and Reserve Base: Productione, 3 2005 2004 United States 275 276 Brazil 225 230 Canada 66 66 China 2,490 2,700 France 139 140 Iceland 78 78 India 36 36 Kazakhstan 67 68 Norway 298 280 Russia 513 520 South Africa 149 140 Spain 55 55 Ukraine 161 160 Venezuela 60 62 Other countries 255 270 World total (rounded) 4,900 5,100 Reserves and reserve base4 The reserves and reserve base in most major producing countries are ample in relation to demand. Quantitative estimates are not available.

    Poland (ferrosilicon and silicon metal) and Slovakia (ferrosilicon) production is now included in other countries. Ferrosilicon accounts for about four-fifths of world production (gross-weight basis). The leading countries for ferrosilicon production, in descending order of production, were China, Russia, Norway, Ukraine, and the United States, and for silicon metal, China, the United States, Brazil, and Norway. China was by far the leading producer of both ferrosilicon and silicon metal. An estimated 550,000 tons of silicon metal is included in Chinas production of silicon materials for 2005. World Resources: World and domestic resources for making silicon metal and alloys are abundant, and, in most producing countries, adequate to supply world requirements for many decades. The source of the silicon is silica in various natural forms, such as quartzite. Substitutes: Aluminum, silicon carbide, and silicomanganese can be substituted for ferrosilicon in some applications. Gallium arsenide and germanium are the principal substitutes for silicon in semiconductor and infrared applications.

    e 1

    Estimated. Based on U.S. dealer import price. 2 Defined as imports exports + adjustments for Government and industry stock changes. 3 Production quantities are combined totals of estimated silicon content for ferrosilicon and silicon metal, as applicable. 4 See Appendix C for definitions.

    U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2006

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