Norwegian Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar

Note: Before heading to the tutorial I would Strictly recommend to download any
online dictionary which could easily translate the difficult Norwegian words provided below so that you can understand them easily and learn quickly, if you have one so thats good if not then Ill personally prefer BabelFish dictionary which is free so you dont need to buy it. The download link is provided below:

Download BabelFish Translator

1. Basic Phrases God morgen Good Morning God natt Good Night Vr s snill Please Ja / Nei Yes / No Hvordan har du det? How are you? Hva heter du? What's your name? Hvor kommer du fra? Where are you from? Hvor bor du? Where do you live? Hallo / God dag Hello / Good Day Ha det bra Goodbye (Tusen) Takk Thank you (very much) Herr / Fru / Frken Mister / Misses Hvordan gr det? How it's going? Jeg heter... My name is... (I am called...) Jeg er fra... I'm from... Jeg bor i... I live in... God kveld Good Evening Hei / Ha det Hi / Bye Ingen rsak / Vr s god Don't mention it / You're welcome Velkommen! Welcome! Bra / Drlig Good / Bad Hyggelig treffe deg! Pleased to meet you! Unnskyld Excuse me / Sorry Jeg vil gjerne ha... / Jeg skulle gjerne hatt...

I would like... Hvor gammel er du? How old are you? Snakker du norsk? Do you speak Norwegian? Jeg er ____ r (gammel). I am ____ years (old). Jeg snakker engelsk. I speak English. Jeg vet [ikke.] I [don't] know. Snakk langsomt Speak slowly Hva heter ... p norsk? How do you say ... in Norwegian? Vr s snill gjenta / Vennligst gjenta Please repeat Hvor mye koster dette? How much does this cost? Jeg er trett I'm tired Kom inn / hit Come in / here Straks! Immediately! / Soon! Fare! Danger! Hvor langt er det? How far is it? Skl! Cheers! (toast) Jeg savner deg. I miss you.

svensk, dansk, fransk, italiensk, spansk, tysk, hollndsk, rysk, japansk Swedish, Danish, French, Italian, Spanish, German, Dutch, Russian, Japanese Forstr du? Do you understand? Hva er dette? What is this? Jeg er sulten I'm hungry Jeg er syk I'm sick Ta plass Have a seat. Jeg har gtt meg bort I'm lost Pass p! Watch out! Det var synd. That's too bad! Lykke til! Good luck! 2. Pronunciation Norwegian letter(s) d ig Jeg forstr [ikke.] I [don't] understand. Hvor er ... ? Where is ... ? Jeg er trst I'm thirsty Jeg tror [ikke] det I [don't] think so Stans! / Stopp! Stop! Hjelp! Help! Vent litt! Wait a minute! Velbekomme! Have a good meal! Jeg elsker deg. I love you.

English sound silent at end of word; and in -ld, -nd, -rd ee

eg h j, gj, hj kj, tj sj, skj sl ki, ky, kei, ky ski, sky, skei, sky gi, gy, gei, gy g + other vowels sk + other vowels -egn, -egl, -gn ng 3. Alphabet a b c d e f g h i j 4. Nouns & Cases ahh bay say day ay ef gay haw ee yod

ay silent before consonants, such as in hvyuh, as in yes sh, but softer and more palatalized (as in German) sh shl sh, but softer and more palatalized (as in German) sh yuh guh sk g is silent nasalized, as in singer and not finger ah as in cat ay, but with lips rounded aw as in saw

k l m n o p q r s t

kaw el em en ooh pay koo air ess tay

u v w x y z

ooh vay dobbel-veh eks ew (lips rounded) set ah (as in cat) ay (lips rounded) aw

Nouns in Norwegian (Bokml) have two genders, masculine and neuter, which adjectives must agree with when modifying nouns. Technically there is a third gender, feminine (which Nynorsk retains), but since feminine nouns can be written as masculine nouns, I'm including feminine nouns in the masculine category. There are two indefinite articles that correspond with these genders: en for masculine nouns and et for neuter nouns. In the

vocabulary lists, a noun followed by (n) means that it is a neuter noun and it takes the indefinite article et. The majority of nouns in Norwegian are masculine, so they take the indefinite article en. The only case of nouns that is used in Norwegian is the genitive (showing possession), and it is easily formed by adding an -s to the noun. This is comparable to adding -'s in English to show possession. However, if the noun already ends in -s, then you add nothing (unlike English where we add -' or -'s). Olavs hus = Olav's house

5. Articles & Demonstratives There are two indefinite articles (corresponding to a and an): en and et. En is used with most of the nouns (words denoting people almost always use en), but you will just have to learn which article goes with which noun. The definite article (the) is not a separate word like in most other languages. It is simply a form of the indefinite article attached to the end of the noun. Note that en words ending in a vowel retain that vowel and add an -n instead of adding -en. And et words ending in -e just add -t. Furthermore, the t of et as an indefinite article is pronounced; however, the t is silent in the definite article -et attached to the noun. (For feminine nouns, the indefinite article is ei and the definite article that is attached to the noun is -a. In theory, this gender does still exist in Bokml, but in practice, it is rarely used and the feminine nouns are inflected like masculine nouns, i.e. add -en instead of -a for the definite form.) Articles Et words (neuter) Indefinite Definite et a en fisk a fish fisken the fish vinduet the window vindu window en baker a baker bakeren the baker et barn a child barnet the child en hage a garden hagen the garden et hus a house huset the house Demonstrative Adjectives masculine neuter plural denne dressen dette skjerfet disse skoene den that suit dressen det this scarf that scarf skjerfet these those de skoene shoes shoes this suit En words (masculine) Indefinite Definite

Notice that the noun that follows a demonstrative adjective must have the definite article attached to it. (The feminine form of demonstratives is identical to the masculine; denne and den.)

6. Subject & Object Pronouns Subject & Object Pronouns jeg du han hun den det man vi dere de 7. To Be & to Have The present and past tenses of verbs in Norwegian are very simple to conjugate. All the forms are the same for each personal pronoun. The infinitive of the verb to be in Norwegian is vre, and the conjugated present tense form is er and the past tense is var. The infinitive of the verb to have is ha, and the conjugated present tense form is har and the past tense is hadde. vre - to be I am jeg er I was you are du er you were he is han er he was she is hun er she was it is den er it was it is det er it was ha - to have I have jeg har I had jeg hadde you have du har you had du hadde he has han har he had han hadde she has hun har she had hun hadde it has den har it had den hadde it has det har it had det hadde man man one has one had har hadde we have vi har we had vi hadde dere dere you have you had har hadde they they have de har de hadde had I you (singular) he she it (masc.) it (neut.) one we you (plural) they meg deg ham henne den det man oss dere dem me you him her it it one us you them

jeg var du var han var hun var den var det var man one is man er one was var we are vi er we were vi var dere you are dere er you were var they are de er they were de var

To form the future tense of verbs, just add skal before the infinitive. Jeg skal vre = I will be; hun skal ha = she will have; etc.

8. Useful Words sometimes always never often usually now and but or very here there with each other noen granger / av og til alltid aldri ofte vanligvis n og men eller veldig / svrt her der med hverandre already allerede

perhaps kanskje both begge some noe(n) again igjen between mellom a lot, many mye / mange of course selvflgelig / sklart a little litt ikke i det hele tatt / slettes ikke / not at all overhodet ikke almost nesten really? virkelig? it is det er there is/are det finnes

9. Question Words Who What Why When Where Which hvem hva hvorfor nr hvor hvilken, hvilket, hvilke How How much How many How long Where from What kind of hvordan hvor mye hvor mange hvor lenge hvorfra hva slags

Hvilken is used with masculine nouns, hvilket is used with neuter nouns, and hvilke is used with plural nouns.

10. Cardinal & Ordinal Numbers 0 1 2 3 4 5 null en, ett to tre fire fem

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

frste annen, andre tredje fjerde femte

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 million billion trillion

seks sju tte ni ti elleve tolv tretten fjorten femten seksten sytten atten nitten tjue tjueen, tjueett tjueto tretti frti femti seksti sytti tti nitti hundre tusen million milliard billion

6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 1,000th

sjette sjuende ttende niende tiende ellevte tolvte trettende fjortende femtende sekstende syttende attende nittende tjuende tjuefrste tjueandre trettiende frtiende femtiende sekstiende syttiende ttiende nittiende hundrede tusende

"Sju" can also be written "syv" (slightly more formal), and "sjuende" as "syvende" Similarly "tjue" can be "tyve", but this does seem less common and more formal.

11. Days of the Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday mandag tirsdag onsdag this morning tomorrow morning tomorrow afternoon i dag morges i morgen tidlig i morgen formiddag

Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday day morning afternoon evening night today tomorrow

torsdag fredag lrdag sndag dag morgen ettermiddag kveld natt i dag i morgen

tomorrow night day after tomorrow tonight last night yesterday day before yesterday week next week weekend daily weekly

i morgen kveld i overmorgen i kveld i gr kveld i gr i forgrs uke nest uke helg daglig ukentlig

12. Months of the Year January February March April May June July August September October November December month last month monthly year this year last year yearly 13. Seasons Winter Spring Summer vinter vr sommer in (the) winter in (the) spring in (the) summer om vinteren om vren om sommeren januar februar mars april mai juni juli august september oktober november desember mned forrige mned mnedlig r (n) i r i fjor rlig

Fall 14. Directions North South East West

hst

in (the) fall

om hsten

nord syd st vest

Northeast Northwest Southeast Southwest

nordst nordvest sydst sydvest

to the right to the left straight ahead

til hyre til venstre rett fram / frem

Frem is slightly more formal than fram.

15. Colors orange pink purple blue yellow red black brown gray white green oransje rosa lilla bl, bltt, bl gul, gult, gule rd, rdt, rde svart, svart, svarte brun, brunt, brune gr, grtt, gr hvit, hvitt, hvite grnn, grnt, grnne

The first three colors do not change according to gender or number to agree with the noun they modify. The rest of the colors must agree, however, and they are listed in masculine, neuter and plural forms: en grnn kjole - a green dress; et bltt hus - a blue house; svarte sokker - black socks

16. Time What time is it? Hva er klokken? now n

It is 2. 6:20 half past 3 quarter past 4 quarter to 5 10 past 11 20 to 7 noon midnight in the morning in the evening It's exactly... About/around 8. 17. Weather How's the weather? It's cold It's warm It's beautiful It's bad It's clearing It's icy It's windy It's cloudy It's humid/muggy 18. Family

Klokken er to. tjue over seks halv fire kvart over fire kvart p fem ti over elleve tjue p sju middag midnatt om morgenen om kvelden Den er nyaktig... omtrent tte

early earlier soon late later in 10 minutes in 15 minutes in a half hour in an hour right now at once immediately At 8.

tidlig tidligere snart sent senere om ti minutter om et kvarter om en halvtime om en time akkurat n med en gang straks klokken tte

Hvordan er vret? Det er kaldt Det er varmt Det er pent Det er drlig Det lysner Det er isete Det blser Det er overskyet Det er fuktig

What temperature is it? It's foggy The fog is lifting It's snowing It's raining It's going to storm There's thunder There's lightning It's freezing (cold as ice) It's hailing

Hvor mange grader er det? Det er tke Tken letner Det snr Det regner Det bli storm Det tordner Det lyner Det er iskaldt Det hagler

Parents Mother Father Son Daughter Brother Sister Grandfather Grandmother Grandson

foreldre mor far snn datter bror sster bestefar bestemor barnebarn

Niece Nephew Uncle Aunt Boy Girl Child / Baby Adult Man Woman

niese nev onkel tante gutt jente, pike barn voksen mann kvinne

Granddaughter barnebarn Cousin (male) fetter Cousin (female) kusine

Friend (male) Friend female)

venn venninne

Some family words have irregular indefinite plurals: mdre (mothers), fedre (fathers), snner (sons), dtre (daughters), brdre (brothers), and sstre (sisters)

19. To Know People & Facts kjenne - to know vite - to know people facts present kjenner vet past kjente visste future skal kjenne skal vite 20. Formation of Plural Nouns Masculine nouns generally add -er or -r to the indefinite singular noun to form the indefinite plural, and -ene or -ne to form the definite plural. The names of jobs ending in -er only add -e and -ne in these cases. Neuter nouns that are more than one syllable form plural nouns the same way as masculine nouns. Neuter nouns that are only one syllable, however, add nothing to form the indefinite plural and either -ene or -a to form the definite plural. Singular Indefinite Plural en fisk fisker some fish some en hage hager gardens some en baker bakere bakers some et vindu vinduer windows some et hus hus houses some et barn barn children Definite Plural fiskene the fishes the hagene gardens bakerne the bakers vinduene husene barna the windows the houses the children

Irregular plural nouns in Norwegian: Singular Irregular Indefinite Plural Singular = Indefinite Plural and ender duck(s) angrep (n) attack(s) bok bker book(s) besok (n) visit(s)

bonde fot hnd hndkle kne (n) kraft ku natt mann rand rot sted (n) stang strand tang tann tre t ye

bnder ftter hender hndklr knr krefter kyr netter menn render rtter steder stenger strender tenger tenner trr tr yne

peasant(s) foot(feet) hand(s) hand towel(s) knee(s) strength cow(s) night(s) man(men) edge(s) root(s) place(s) bar(s) beach(es) pincher(s) tooth(teeth) tree(s) toe(s) eye(s)

eventyr (n) tale(s), story(ies) feil error(s), mistake(s) forhold circumstance(s) hve (n) kreps mus mygg sild sko spiker ting vpen opportunity(ies) crawfish(es) mouse(s) mosquito(es) herring(s) shoe(s) nail(s) thing(s) weapon(s)