Mark Scheme (Results) January 2012

GCE Statistics S1 (6683) Paper 1

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January 2012 Publications Code UA030899 All the material in this publication is copyright Pearson Education Ltd 2012

General Marking Guidance

All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last. Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions. Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie. There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used appropriately. All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidates response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme. Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited. When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a candidates response, the team leader must be consulted. Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.

EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75. 2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks: M marks: method marks are awarded for knowing a method and attempting to apply it, unless otherwise indicated. A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have been earned. B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks) Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark schemes and can be used if you are using the annotation facility on ePEN. bod benefit of doubt ft follow through the symbol will be used for correct ft cao correct answer only cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to obtain this mark isw ignore subsequent working awrt answers which round to SC: special case oe or equivalent (and appropriate) dep dependent indep independent dp decimal places sf significant figures The answer is printed on the paper The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. All A marks are correct answer only (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1 ft to indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but manifestly absurd answers should never be awarded A marks.

General Principals for Core Mathematics Marking (But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general principles). Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic: 1. Factorisation

( x 2 + bx + c) = ( x + p )( x + q ), where pq = c
2

, leading to x = .... , leading to x =

( ax + bx + c) = ( mx + p )( nx + q ), where pq = c and mn = a

2. Formula Attempt to use correct formula (with values for a, b and c), leading to x =

3. Completing the square Solving

x
2

+ bx

+ c = 0

(x b ) 2

q c, q 0 ,

leading to x =

Method marks for differentiation and integration: 1. Differentiation Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x
n

n 1

2. Integration Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x

n +1

Use of a formula Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice given in recent examiners reports is that the formula should be quoted first. Normal marking procedure is as follows: Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if there are mistakes in the substitution of values. Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by implication from correct working with values, but may be lost if there is any mistake in the working.

January 2012 6683 Statistics S1 Mark Scheme

Question Number Scheme Marks

1 (a)

14, 5

M1 A1 (2)

(b)

21 + 45 + 3 = 69

M1 A1 (2) Total 4

NOTES (a) M1 for 2x7 or 14 or 5x1 or 5 A1 for both 14 and 5 (b) M1 for 21+45+(0<frequency <9) A1 for 69 only. 69 no working, award M1A1 Incorrect answer with no working M0A0

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

2 (a) (b)

(R and S are mutually) exclusive.

2 1 = + P (B ) P ( A B ) 3 4 2 1 1 = + P (B ) P (B ) 3 4 4 5 3 = P (B ) 12 4 5 P (B ) = 9 use of Addition Rule use of independence

B1 (1)
M1

M1 A1

A1 (4) M1A1ft (2)

(c)

P(AB) =

3 5 15 5 = = 4 9 36 12 (1 - (b)) 0.25 0.25 = 4 9 1 or P( B ) or 9 1 4

(d)
P( B A ) =

M1

A1 (2)

Total 9 NOTES (a)

(b) B1 for (mutually) exclusive or cannot occur at the same time seen or equivalent. Intersection is zero or no overlaps without further explanation is B0. M1 for use of Addition Formula, including an intersection, with at least one probability substituted. Intersection must be explicitly considered for this mark. 2 1 Accept = + P (B ) 0 for M1. 3 4 1 M1 for P(AB) = P(B) 4 A1 for completely correct equation or equivalent. 5 A1 for or exact equivalent.. 9 Venn Diagram with 2 overlapping closed curves and correct values possibly without 1 , award M1M1A1. 3 3 2 1 M1 for x their P(B) or their P(B)- P(AB) or P(AUB)-P(B) = 4 3 4 3 5 8 Or P(AB) = P(A) + their P(B) P(AUB) = + 4 9 9 5 A1 for or follow through from their method. Accept exact equivalent. 12 Correct answer only with no working M1A1 but must be clearly labelled (c).

(c)

(d)

M1 for using 1-their P(B) or (P(A B) P(A))/P(A) or (P(A) P(AB))/P(A) with a correct attempt at the numerator and denominator. If mutually exclusive is 1 assumed then the last option gives 4 for M1. 1 4 4 A1 for or exact equivalent. 9 For part (c) follow through their stated values; do not follow through incorrectly labelled regions on a Venn Diagram. Throughout the question we require probabilities between 0 and 1 for method marks. Venn Diagram:

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

3 (a)

5 2k 7 k + + + =1 21 21 21 21 12 + 3k =1 21 k = 3 * AG 11 21 5 6 7 1 E(X) = 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 21 21 21 7 =3 11 74 or or awrt 3.52 21 21 5 6 7 1 + 32 + 4 2 + 6 2 21 21 21 7

M1

required for both methods

A1 (2)

(b)

B1 (1)

(c)

M1

A1 (2)

(d)

E(X2) = 2 2 = 14

M1 A1 (2)

(e)

11 Var (X) = 14 3 21 257 698 =1 or or awrt 1.6 441 441 Var (7X - 5) = 7 2 Var (X) 5 698 = 77 or or awrt 77.6 9 9

M1 A1 M1 A1 (4) Total 11

NOTES (a)

(b) (c) (d) (e)

M1 Award for verification. Sub in k=3 and show x P( X = x ) =1. Require at least three correct terms seen or line 2 of scheme. A1 Correct solution only including verification. B1 Award for exact equivalent. M1 At least two correct terms required for method, follow through their k for method. Correct answer only, award M1 A1. M1 At least two correct terms required for method. M0 if probability is squared. Correct answer only, award M1 A1. Accept exact equivalent of 14 for A1. M1 for use of correct formula in both. 1.6 can be implied by correct final answer. Working needs to be clearly labelled to award first method mark without second stage of calculation. If a new table for values of 7X 5 is used, so Y = 7X 5 5 698 9751 E(Y2) = ; Var(Y) = 77 or or awrt 77.6 Award M1A1; M1A1 21 9 9 If any attempt to divide by 4 seen as part of working award M0 for that part.

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

4 (a) (b)

60 Q1 = 46 Q2 = 56 Q3 = 64 mean = 55.48. 2497 or 45

2

B1 (1) B1 B1 B1 (3) awrt 55.5 B1

(c)

143369 2497 sd = 45 45 = 10.342 (s = 10.459..)

M1 anything which rounds to 10.3 (or s = 10.5) A1 (3) B1 B1dep (2) M1 A1 M1 A1 (4) Total 13

(d)

Mean < median < mode or Q2 Q1 > Q3 Q2 with or without their numbers or median closer to upper quartile (than lower quartile) or (mean-median)/sd <0; negative skew;

(e)

mean = (55 5) 0.9 = 45 sd = 10 0.9 =9

NOTES (a) (b) (c)

(d)

B1 60 only Award each B1 for correct answer only in this order. M1 for use of correct formula, including square root. Correct answers with no working B1M1A1. B1 any correct comparison of a pair of mean, median and mode using their values. B1 for negative skew or allow (almost) symmetrical dependent upon correct reason. M1 for (55 or 55.5 - 5) 0.9 A1 for the correct answer only. M1 for (10 or 10.3 or 10.5) ) 0.9 A1 for the correct answer only.

(e)

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

5 (a)

Stt = 2688

158 2 = 191.6 10 158 111.75 Stw = 1760.62 = -5.03 10 = - 0.908469

awrt 192 awrt -5.03

M1 A1 A1 (3)

(b)

r=

5.03
191.6 0.16

awrt -0.908(5)

M1A1 (2)

(c)

b=

5.03 = 0.0263 191.6

a = 11.175 + 0.0263 15.8 = 11.59 w = 11.6 0.0263t

awrt -0.026

M1 A1 M1 A1 (4) B1 B1 (2)

(d)

The explanatory variable is the age of each coin. This is because the age is set and the weight varies.

(e) (i) (ii) (f)

awrt 11.5 B1 Decrease(in weight of coin of 0.1052 g) = 0.1 or -0.1 or increase of -0.1 awrt(-0.1) B1 (2) Decrease; removing the fake will result in a better linear fit so r will be closer to -1 B1;B1 (2) Total 15

NOTES (a)

(b) (c)

(d)

(e) (f)

M1 for correct attempt at either method, A1 awrt 192 A1 awrt -5.03 M1 for correct attempt at use of formula, square root required. A1 awrt -0.908(5) M1 require their -5.03 as numerator and /their 191.6 as denominator. A1 awrt -0.026 M1 for use of correct formula with b or their b; require or + and values in the correct place. A1 for equation as written with values awrt 3 sf. with w and t. Accept fractional answers that are accurate to 3sf when evaluated as decimals B1 for Age or t or years B1 for you use age / t to predict w or you can control t/ age or weight depends on age or similar B1 awrt 11.5 B1 awrt -0.1 but decrease of -0.1 is B0. B1 for Decrease only but mod r increases explicitly stated in words or symbols award B1. B1 accept stronger correlation or increase in correlation or better linear fit or r closer to -1 or points are closer to a straight line or point is an outlier or equivalent

Special Case 1

Attempt to calculate S tw

tw = 1669.62, t = 153, w = 91.75 or S

or S tw > 0 with some calculation Increase

tw

= 1660.62

153 91.75 or awrt 101 9 B1 B1 (2)

Special Case 2

Attempt to calculate S ww

w 2 = 1248.96625 400 = 848.96625 or awrt 849 or S ww = 848.96625

or awrt -86.4 or S ww < 0

91.75 2 9 B2 (2)

Special Case 3

Argument based on standard deviation. e.g. w 0.126 and w = 11.175 so fake coin is over 69 sds away from the mean (very) unlikely or impossible B1 B1 (2)

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

6 (a)
R 15 15 25 10 20 5 7 C 3 S

3 closed curves and 25 in correct place M1 15,10,5 A1 15,3,20 A1 Labels R, S ,C and box B1

(b) (c) (d) (e)

All values/100 or equivalent fractions award accuracy marks. 7/100 or 0.07 M1 for (their 7in diagram or here)/100 (3+5)/100 = 2/25 or 0.08 (25+15+10+5)/100 = 11/20 or 0.55
P ( S C R ) P ( S C R ) = P( R) 15 = 65 = 3 13 Require denominator to be their 65 or their 65 100

(4) M1 A1 (2) M1A1 (2) M1 A1 (2)

M1

require their 15 and correct denominator of 65

A1 A1 (3)

or exact equivalents.

Total 13 NOTES (b)

M1 for their 7/100 seen. A1 Correct answer only In parts (c) and (d) we require /100 for methods to be awarded. Also check their values and award correct method if they follow from their Venn Diagram. 8 M1 For (their 3+their 5)/100. award M0. 48 A1 Correct answer only or equivalent. M1 Accept sum of their 4 values from the Venn diagram /100. A1 Correct answer only or equivalent M1 Attempt to use correct formula for conditional probability. Award for correct formula and a denominator of their 65 or their 65/100. A1 for their 15/65 only. A1 for exact equivalent answers, including 15/65. In all parts correct answers with no working award full marks.

(c)

(d) (e)

Question Number

Scheme

Marks

7 (a)

P(W < 224)

224 232 = Pz < 5 = P (z < -1.6) = 1 - 0.9452 = 0.0548 awrt 0.0548 0.3 or 0.7 seen 0.5244 seen

M1

M1 A1 (3) M1

(b)

0.5 0.2 = 0.3 w 232 = 0.5244 5 w = 234.622

B1; M1 awrt 235 A1 (4) M1 M1 A1 (3)

(c)

0.2 (1 0.2) 2 0.8 (1 0.8) = 0.32

Total 10
NOTES (a)

M1 for standardising with 232 and 5. (i.e. not 52 or

) . Accept

w 232 . 5

(b)

M1 for finding (1- a probability > 0.5) A1 awrt 0.0548 M1 Can be implied by use of 0.5244 or (0.52 to 0.53) B1 for 0.5244 only. Second M1 standardise with 232 and 5 and equate to z value of (0.52 to 0.53) or (0.84 to 0.85) 1 z used award second M0. 232 w Require consistent signs i.e. = 0.5244 or negative z value for M1. 5 A1 dependent upon second M mark for awrt 235 but see note below. Common errors involving probabilities and not z values: P(Z<0.2) = 0.5793 used instead of z value gives awrt 235 but award M0B0M0A0 P(Z<0.8) = 0.7881 used instead of z value award M0B0M0A0. M1B0M0A0 for 0.6179, M1B0M0A0 for 0.7580

(c)

M1 for 0.16 seen M1 for 2 p(1 p) A1 0.32 correct answer only

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