1 Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. LTD

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.
Futaba Vacuum Fluorescent Display

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. VFD Feature Basic Structure, Principle VFD Specification Power Supply Others
VFD Feature
Self-Luminous Display Excellent Readability Wide Viewing Angle Multi Color High Reliability, Long Life Time Wide Operating Temperature Range
VFD Internal Structure
VFD Parts
Front cover Contact lead
Side glass
Fraame
Terminal Lead
Getter
Filament
Phosphor
Filament Anchor
Grid Mesh
7 7
CIG VFD Structure
Al Wire
CIG Advantages
Less Pin number --- Easy to design Easy to install SYSTEM COMPARISON No external Driver --- Smaller PCB Design Space
VFD conventional system
Anode(Grid
CIG_VFD system
VFD
F (-) GND Anode(Grid) F (+) Ef (Vdc) F (P G N D GND 12 Vdc
CIG_VFD
L V G H N D V D D B K L A T C L K S I F (+) Ef (Vdc)
5 Vdc
Driver IC
GND
12 Vdc
CPU
GND
External driver IC is not required. The number of wiring can be reduced. Pin arrangement can be standardized.
5 Vdc
CPU
GND
PWB design becomes easy. PWB area can be minimised PWB assembly simplified PWB cost reduced
19
Principle of Basic Operation

Filament Grid
Electron
Anode
On-Segment
Off-Segment
Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd. 10
Basic Circuit and Relation of Electrode Potential of Dynamic Drive VFD
11
Principl of VFD Operation

Filament (thermal emission)
grid=on anode=on anode=off anode=on
grid=off anode=off
Lighting up only when grid and anode are turn on at the same time
Static Drive
G One grid is individually pinned out Always supplied with positive DC voltage All anode segments must also individually be pinned out Eb(anode) voltage is supplied to each anodes
Dynamic Drive
nG
(n-1)G
1G
Individual pinned out grid for each segment Corresponding anode segments are internally connected Number of leads reduced Lighting up with certain anode & grid combination
14
Driving Method for Grid and Anode

1G 2G 3G 4G a b
1G 2G 3G 4G
a
c d e f g
f e
b c
15
15
Internal Structure
grid
FGL GH
FH
anode=on
Wider FGL gap Luminance down Narrower FGL Gap Luminance up
AC Drive Structure
F1
F2
FH
grid
FGL GH
Popular driving method Center tap power supply for lower cut off voltage
DC Drive Structure
For small display only
Filament (thermal emission) FGL GH
FH
grid
18
Filament Coverage Area

Designed temperature area = Graphic area
Design limit(Ideal temp.)
Limit
Filament Coverage Area

Improper design will be caused dim 13.5
(12.5)
Design limit(Ideal temp.)
Dim Out of coverage area Low temp.low emissionDim Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.
20
21
Luminance
1. 2. 3. Home appliance 7001,0001,200cd/m2 Automotive 1,000-3,000cd/m2 Luminance is calculated byInternal structure Duty cycle Driving voltage
22
General VFD Specification

Required Voltage/Current for CIG VFD
Ef If Ek VH VDD Filament Voltage 2.55.5V ac or dc Filament Current 100350mA Cut off Bias Voltage 2.05V dc Driver Supply Voltage 12, 2090Vp-p Logic Supply Voltage 3.3 or 5.0Vdc
Driving Voltage DIC Duty Item :Filament Voltage H L :Driver Supply Voltage :Logic Supply Voltage :H-Level Input Voltage :L-Level Input Voltage :Cut-offBias :Duty Factor :Pulse Width :Blanking Width :Shift Clock Frequency :Operating Temperature Symbol *1 Ef VH *2 VDD VIH VIL *1 Ek Du tp tblank fCLK Topr
*3
Min. 3.51 22 4.5 VDD0.8 0 2.0 5 -20
Typ. 3.90 24 5.0 1/ 2.1 95
Max. 4.29 26 5.5 VDD VDD0.2 3.0 5 70
Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc s s MHz C

24
Driving Voltage AIRCON 1/1 Duty Item :Filament Voltage :Driver Supply Voltage H L :Peak Grid Voltage :Logic Supply Voltage :H-Level Input Voltage :L-Level Input Voltage :Cut-offBias :Duty Factor :Pulse Width :Blanking Width :Shift Clock Frequency :Operating Temperature Symbol *1 Ef *3 V H ec *2 V DD VIH VIL *1 Ek Du tp tblank fCLK Topr
*3
Min. 1.80 11 11 4.5 VDD0.8 0 0.0 5 -20
Typ. 2.00 12 12 5.0 1/ 1.1 95
Max. 2.20 13 13 5.5 VDD VDD0.2 0.0 5 70
Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc s s MHz C

25
Electrical Characteristics - DIC Item FilamentCurrent Logic Supply Current DriverSupply Current H H-Level Input Current L L-Level Input Current Grid Current Test Condition Symbol Min. 215 IIL 35 Ic/G 900 50 TBD 1800 400 TBD mA cd/m2 Typ. 239 TBD TBD Max. 263 5.0 TBD TBD 5 5 A Unit. mAdc mA mA mA A
VHVDD=0
f CLK = 5MHz
3.90
Vdc
If IDD IH(AVG) IH(PEAK) IIH
All Segments on VIN=VDD SI,CLK LAT BK
VIN=0V
VDD
tp
3.90 5.0
ON
Vdc Vdc
L(
G. )
Ef
VH
Filament
L(
cd/m2
LuminanceRatio betweenDigits
Ek
OFF
Lmax min
26
Electrical Characteristics - AIRCON Item FilamentCurrent Logic Supply Current DriverSupply Current H H-Level Input Current L L-Level Input Current Grid Current Test Condition Symbol Min. 349 IIL 35 Ic/G 1050 50 47 2100 400 80 mA cd/m2 cd/m
2
Typ. 388 19 20
Max. 427 5.0 32 34 5 5
Unit. mAdc mA mA mA A
VHVDD=0
f CLK = 5MHz
2.00
Vdc
If IDD IH(AVG) IH(PEAK) IIH
All Segments on VIN=VDD SI,CLK LAT BK
VIN=0V
ec VDD
tp
Ef
12 2.00 5.0
ON
Vdc Vdc Vdc
L( G. ) L( )
VH
Filament
LuminanceRatio betweenDigits
Ek
OFF
Lmax min
2
27
Function Table
Fu n ct io n S h ift Regist er Clo ck S erial Dat a In p u t L at ch Co n t ro l In p u t Driver Ou t p u t Blan kin g L o gic S u p p ly Pin Driver S u p p ly Pin L o gic GN D Pin Po wer GN D Pin Filamen t Pin N o Co n n ect io n Pin N o Ext en d Pin N o Pin
CIG Function Table

S ymb o l CL K SI LAT BK V DD VH L GN D PGN D F1 ,F2 NC NX NP In p u t Ou t p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t In p u t Descrip t io n : Dat a S h ift S ee Timin g Ch art H : H : Dat a t h ro u gh Dat a lat ch L : H o r Op en : L : Ou t p u t ON H o r Op en : Ou t p u t OFF Po wer S u p p ly p in fo r L o gic Circu it Po wer S u p p ly p in fo r Driver Ou t p u t GN D fo r L o gic Circu it V H GN D fo r V H Circu it Filamen t V o lt age in p u t Th ere is n o co n n ect io n . Th ere is n o co n n ect io n . N P Th ere is n o p in .
28
Ef (Filament voltage)
EF is important voltage for Quality and Life time Target +/- 5% against Typical voltage
Lower voltage Excess voltage
Uneven brightness Shorter life time
29
Electrode Potential of VFD

Anode, grid on potential Anode, grid on potential
Ef (AC)
Ek:cut off voltage
Ef (DC)
Anode, grid off potential
Anode, grid off potential
30
15
Electrode Potential (AC Ef)

T (1 scanning time) tp (on time per grid)
Anode, grid ON potential (voltage level)
tp Duty = -------------T
Eb: anode voltage Ec: grid voltage Ef Ek:cut off voltage
Anode, grid OFF potential (voltage level)

31
31
EkCut off bias

To prevent ghost lighting.
Cut off by zener diode
1G 2G 3G
32
Outer Dimension
33
CIG Function Table

Function Shift Register Clock Serial Data Input Latch Control Input Driver Output Blanking Logic Supply Pin Driver Supply Pin Logic GND Pin Power GND Pin Filament Pin No Extend Pin No Pin Symbol CLK SI LAT BK VDD VH LGND PGND F+,FNX NP InputOutput Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Description : Data Shift See Timing Chart H : H : Data through Data latch L : H or Open : L : Output ON H or Open : Output OFF Power Supply pin for Logic Circuit Power Supply pin for Driver Output GND for Logic Circuit VH GND for V H Circuit Filament Voltage input There is no connection. NP There is no pin.
34
CIG Block Diagram
35
Timing Chart
36
AC Characteristics
37
Shift Resister Assignment DIC Shift Register Assignment

Upper Row Lower Row
R1 S1 R17 S17 R33 S33 R49 S49 R65 S65 R81 S81 R2 S2 R18 S18 R34 S34 R50 S50 R66 S66 R82 S82 R3 S3 R19 S19 R35 S35 R51 S51 R67 S67 R83 S83
Register No. Assignment

R4 S4 R20 S20 R36 S36 R52 S52 R68 S68 R84 S84 R5 S5 R21 S21 R37 S37 R53 S53 R69 S69 R85 S85 R6 S6 R22 S22 R38 S38 R54 S54 R70 S70 R86 S86
SI
IN R1
R2
R3
R4
R94
R95
OUT R96
NCHL NC, dont care either H or L.
R7 S7 R23 S23 R39 S39 R55 S55 R71 S71 R87 S87
R8 S8 R24 S24 R40 S40 R56 S56 R72 S72 R88 S88
R9 S9 R25 S25 R41 S41 R57 S57 R73 S73 R89 S89
R10 S10 R26 S26 R42 S42 R58 S58 R74 S74 R90 S90
R11 S11 R27 S27 R43 S43 R59 S59 R75 S75 R91 S91
R12 S12 R28 S28 R44 S44 R60 S60 R76 S76 R92 S92
R13 S13 R29 S29 R45 S45 R61 S61 R77 S77 R93 S93
R14 S14 R30 S30 R46 S46 R62 S62 R78 S78 R94 S94
R15 S15 R31 S31 R47 S47 R63 S63 R79 S79 R95 1G
R16 S16 R32 S32 R48 S48 R64 S64 R80 S80 R96 2G
38
Shift Resister Assignment - AIRCON Upper Row Lower Row

R1 S1 R17 S17 R33 S33 R2 S2 R18 S18 R34 S34 R3 S3 R19 S19 R35 S35
Register No. Assignment

R4 S4 R20 S20 R36 S36 R5 S5 R21 S21 R37 S37 R6 S6 R22 S22 R38 S38
SI
IN R1
R2
R3
R4
OUT R126 R127 R128
NCHL NC, dont care either H or L.
R7 S7 R23 S23 R39 S39
R8 S8 R24 S24 R40 S40
R9 S9 R25 S25
R10 S10 R26 S26
R11 S11 R27 S27
R12 S12 R28 S28
R13 S13 R29 S29
R14 S14 R30 S30
R15 S15 R31 S31
R16 S16 R32 S32
39
Grid Scan Data Protocol
Grid Scan Data Protocol

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T1 0 1G 2G 3G 4G 5G 6G 7G 8G 9G 10G ON /OFF t im ing of Grid 1G H L L L L L L L L L 2G L H L L L L L L L L 3G L L H L L L L L L L 4G L L L H L L L L L L 5G L L L L H L L L L L 6G L L L L L H L L L L 7G L L L L L L H L L L 8G L L L L L L L H L L 9G L L L L L L L L H L 10G L L L L L L L L L H Grid S ca n Tim ing Grid S elect
40
Anode Connection
41
42
12V Battery Operation

Basic Connection
R
Vdd (5V)
VH (12V) Vss (GND) CS CLK
BATTERY
CIG-VFD
Duty 1/11/3
CPU
Vdd
SI OSC
R
FFutaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.
F+
43
Battery Operation(12V)
44
Battery Operation
Clock +Aircon
Display Area
45
Battery Operation
SUBARU EXIGA _Car Aircon
[Display Area]
46
Battery Operation
Toyota Tundra
&
Aircon
47
Battery Operation
SUBARU TRIBECA_Aircon
48
12V Battery Operation(Aircon)

SUZIKIAircon
MITSUBISHI Aircon
49
12V Battery Operation(Car Radio)

DAEWOO
DAEWOO
50
12V Battery Operation(Clock)

MITSUBISHI
After Market
51
12V Battery Operation(Trip Computer)

TOYOTA
KIA MultiMeter
52
Battery to 24V Operation

Basic Connection
VH (12V) VH (24V)
BATTERY
Vss (GND)
CS CLK
DC-DC
Converter
CIG-VFD
CPU
SI Vdd
R
OSC
F+
53
Popular IC for DC-DC Converter

Home Appliance TOREX National Semiconductor LM2588 JRC NJM2360 Automotive Linear Technology LT3580
54
LT3580 Basic Circuit

Refer to Linear Technology website
Vin
12V
V out
VH 24V
VFB=1.215V
fosc=MHz RT=kHz
55
Battery to 64,95V Operation

Basic Connection
VH (95V) VH (12V)
BATTERY
(GND)
DC-DC
VH (64V) (GND)
Converter
CIG-VFD
CS CLK
CPU
SI Vdd
R
OSC
F+
56
Multi Output DC-DC Converter

http://cds.linear.com/docs/Datasheet/3580ff.pdf
Diode Charge Pump
http://www.torex.co.jp/english/Data/tips/1No1_MultiVout%20Diode%20Charge%20Pump.pdf
57
DC-DC Converter, OSC frequency

Need consideration to avoid interference. IF 455KHz 600KHz AM band 530 - 1600KHz Rt=91.9/fosc-1
58
DC-DC Converter, LT3580
59
References on Surge Stopper DC-DC Converter

http://www.linear.com/pc/productDetail.jsp? navId=H0,C1,C1003,C1142,C1029,P38400 http://www.linear.com/pc/viewCategory.jsp http://www.njr.co.jp/english/index.html http://www.torex.co.jp/english/ http://semicon.njr.co.jp/njr/hp/top.do
60
61
Purpose of Filter
1. Improve Contrast To avoid reflection light 2. Change of color(basic color is Green) Green to white with pink filer 3. To prevent to see internal metal parts
VFD
Reflected light
Transmission ratio 20-40% for automotive 5-20% for home appliance

Contrast
Brightness through filter
Filter
62
Color Modulation
The color of light can change through the optical filter
63
Gray Scale Effect

Without Gray Scale
Normal Type
With Gray Scale
Real Graphic image
Multi Color Type
3D images
64
GP Driving method
65

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Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Vacuum Fluorescent Display

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

VFD Internal Structure

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

CIG VFD Structure

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Principle of Basic Operation

Basic Circuit and Relation of Electrode Potential of Dynamic Drive VFD

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Principl of VFD Operation

grid=on anode=on anode=off anode=on

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Driving Method for Grid and Anode

Filament (thermal emission) FGL GH

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Filament Coverage Area

Design limit(Ideal temp.)

Filament Coverage Area

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

General VFD Specification

Min. 3.51 22 4.5 VDD0.8 0 2.0 5 -20

Typ. 3.90 24 5.0 1/ 2.1 95

Max. 4.29 26 5.5 VDD VDD0.2 3.0 5 70

Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc s s MHz C

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Min. 1.80 11 11 4.5 VDD0.8 0 0.0 5 -20

Typ. 2.00 12 12 5.0 1/ 1.1 95

Max. 2.20 13 13 5.5 VDD VDD0.2 0.0 5 70

Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc s s MHz C

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

If IDD IH(AVG) IH(PEAK) IIH

All Segments on VIN=VDD SI,CLK LAT BK

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Max. 427 5.0 32 34 5 5

If IDD IH(AVG) IH(PEAK) IIH

All Segments on VIN=VDD SI,CLK LAT BK

Vdc Vdc Vdc

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

CIG Function Table

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Lower voltage Excess voltage

Uneven brightness Shorter life time

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Electrode Potential of VFD

Anode, grid off potential

Anode, grid off potential

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Electrode Potential (AC Ef)

Anode, grid OFF potential (voltage level)

EkCut off bias

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

Futaba Denshi Singapore (S) Pte. Ltd.

CIG Function Table