R448 Manual From Mac Far Lane Generators
R448 Manual From Mac Far Lane Generators
R448 Manual From Mac Far Lane Generators
2008 / d
Armature
+ 6-
Field
10 Yellow 11 Red 12 Black 9 Green
F1 ST5 ST3
X2 Z1 X1 Z2 E+ E- 0V 110 22
requency
50Hz
60Hz
ST10
R 448
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This manual concerns the alternator A.V.R. which you have just purchased. We wish to draw your attention to the contents of this maintenance manual. By following certain important points during installation, use and servicing of your A.V.R., you can look forward to many years of trouble-free operation.
SAFETY MEASURES Before using your machine for the first time, it is important to read the whole of this installation and maintenance manual. All necessary operations and interventions on this machine must be performed by a qualified technician. Our technical support service will be pleased to provide any additional information you may require. The various operations described in this manual are accompanied by recommendations or symbols to alert the user to potential risks of accidents. It is vital that you understand and take notice of the following warning symbols. Warning symbol for general danger to personnel.
WARNING
Warning symbol for an operation capable of damaging or destroying the machine or surround-ing equipment.
Note: LEROY-SOMER reserves the right to modify the characteristics of its products at any time in order to incorporate the latest technological developments. The information contained in this document may therefore be changed without notice.
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1 - GENERAL INFORMATION................................................................................................5 1.1 - Description...................................................................................................................5 1.2 - Identification................................................................................................................... 2 - SUPPLY .............................................................................................................................5 2.1 - AREP excitation system ..............................................................................................5 2.2 - PMG excitation system ................................................................................................6 2.3 - SHUNT or separate excitation system.........................................................................7 3 - R448 A.V.R. .......................................................................................................................8 3.1 - Characteristics .............................................................................................................8 3.2 - Frequency compared with voltage (without LAM)........................................................8 3.3 - LAM (Load Acceptance Module) characteristics .........................................................8 3.4 - Typical effects of the LAM with a diesel engine with or without a LAM (U/F only).......9 3.5 - R448 A.V.R. options ....................................................................................................9 4 - INSTALLATION - COMMISSIONING ..............................................................................11 4.1 - Electrical checks on the AVR.....................................................................................11 4.2 - Settings......................................................................................................................11 4.3 - Electrical faults...........................................................................................................14 5 - SPARE PARTS ................................................................................................................15 5.1 - Designation................................................................................................................15 5.2 - Technical support service ..........................................................................................15
All such operations performed on the A.V.R. should be undertaken by personnel trained in the commissioning, servicing and maintenance of electrical and mechanical components. Copyright 2005 : MOTEURS LEROY-SOMER This document is the property of : MOTEURS LEROY-SOMER It may not be reproduced in any form without prior authorization. All brands and models have been registered and patents applied for. 3
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1.2 - Identification
These 2 A.V.R.s have strictly identical characteristics and dimensions, the following details distinguish the V50: - an adjuster dedicated to the alternator LSA 50.2, - the elimination of the ST6 jumper (A) - a white serigraphy (B) (blue for R 448), - a label stipulating the type of alternator (C).
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The first winding has a voltage in proportion to that of the alternator (characteristic Shunt), the second has a voltage in proportion to the stator current (compound characteristic: Booster effect). The power supply voltage is rectified and filtered before being used by the AVR monitoring transistor.
AREP SYSTEM
MAIN FIELD
Aux. windings
T1 T7
Varistor
T2 T8
T3 T9
Armature
5+ 6-
Field
10 Yellow 11 Red 12 Black 9 Green
T4 T10
T5
T11
T6 T12
according voltage
140 mm 4 x holes 5.8 (175 x 115 mm)
200 mm
F1 ST5 ST3
P1 ST9
Quad droop
AREP/SHUNT PMG
Frequency
50Hz
60Hz
ST10
LAM
13 % 25 %
R 448
T.I.
S2 S1
P2
Option Ph.1
P1
P5 ST11 ST2 P3
ST4
Option
Option
ST6
ST1
Singlephase detection
Stability
P2
Voltage
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jumper must be disconnected. These two principles provide the machine with a short-circuit current capacity of 3 IN for 10 s, and good immunity to distortions generated by the load. The AVR monitors and corrects the alternator output voltage by adjusting the excitation current.
STATOR : 6 wires (marked T1 to T6) STATOR : 12 wires (marked T1 to T12)
PMG SYSTEM
PMG
Armature
5+ 6-
MAIN FIELD
T1 T7
Varistor
T2 T8
T3 T9
Field
T4 T10
T5 T11
T6 T12
according voltage
14 15
16
140 mm 4 x holes 5.8 (175 x 115 mm)
200 mm
F1 ST5 ST3
P1 ST9
Quad droop
AREP/SHUNT PMG
Frequency
50Hz
60Hz
ST10
LAM
13 % 25 %
R 448
T.I.
S2 S1
P2
Option Ph.1
P1
P5 ST11 ST2 P3
ST4
Option
Option
ST6
ST1
Singlephase detection
Stability
P2
Voltage
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- 3-phase sensing (R 731 module) - LAM function integrated in the R 448 AVR. In this case of LSA 42.2, A.V.R. and module(s) must be installed in the external control panel.
SHUNT SYSTEM
MAIN FIELD
T1 T7
Varistor
T2
T8
T3 T9
Armature
5+ 6-
Field
T4 T10
T5
T11
T6 T12
according voltage
140 mm 4 x holes 5.8 (175 x 115 mm)
200 mm
F1 ST5 ST3
P1 ST9
Quad droop
AREP/SHUNT PMG
Frequency
50Hz
60Hz
ST10
LAM
13 % 25 %
R 448
T.I.
S2 S1
P2
Option Ph.1
P1
P5 ST11 ST2 P3
ST4
Option
Option
ST6
ST1
Singlephase detection
Stability
P2
Voltage
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P2
Voltage
50 Hz
60 Hz Frequency
50 Hz 60 Hz
0.85 UN
LAM
Hz
0
ST3
48 or 57.5 Hz
50 or 60 Hz
fC
fN
3.3.2 - Gradual voltage return function During load impacts, the function helps the genset to return to its rated speed faster thanks to a gradual increase in voltage according to the principle: - If the speed drops between 46 and 50 Hz, the rated voltage follows a fast gradient as it is restored. - If the speed drops below 46 Hz, since the engine needs more help, the voltage follows a slow gradient as it returns to the reference value.
Time
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3.4 - Typical effects of the LAM with a diesel engine with or without a LAM (U/F only)
3.4.1 - Voltage
UN
0,9
0,8
with LAM 0 1s 2s
Time 3s
3.4.2 - Frequency
Max speed drop
fN
0,9 0,8 0 1s 2s
with LAM
without LAM
Time 3s
3.4.3 - Power
LAM
Load on the shaft (kW)
1s
2s
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a) Initial potentiometer settings (see table below) - Remote voltage adjustment potentiometer : centre (ST4 jumper removed).
Action
Voltage
minimum fully anti-clockwise Factory setting
400V - 50 Hz (Input 0 - 380 V) Not set (centre position) Not set (fully anticlockwise)
Pot.
P2 P3
P1
Excitation ceiling
Limit of excitation and short-circuit current, minimum fully anti-clockwise. 10 A maximum
P5
4.2 - Settings
in
standalone
b) Install a D.C. analogue voltmeter (needle dial) cal. 100V on terminals E+, E- and an A.C. voltmeter cal 300 - 500 or 1000V on the alternator output terminals. The machine is tested and set at the factory. When first used with no load, make sure that the drive speed is correct and stable (see the nameplate). After operational testing, replace all access panels or covers. The only possible adjustments to the machine should be made on the AVR. 4.2.1 - R448 settings (AREP or PMG system) c) Make sure that the ST3 jumper is positioned on the desired frequency (50 or 60 Hz). d) Voltage potentiometer P2 at minimum, fully anti-clockwise. e) Stability potentiometer P3 to around 1/3 of the anti-clockwise limit. f) Start the engine and set its speed to a frequency of 48 Hz for 50 Hz, or 58 for 60 Hz. g) Set the output voltage to the desired value using P2. - Rated voltage UN for solo operation (eg. 400 V) - Or UN + 2 to 4% for parallel operation with C.T. (eg. 410 V) If the voltage oscillates, use P3 to make adjustments (try both directions) observing 11
WARNING
Before any intervention on the A.V.R., make sure that the ST9 jumper is closed with AREP / SHUNT excitation and disconnected with PMG or separate excitation.
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the voltage between E+ and E- (approx. 10V D.C.). The best response times are obtained at the limit of the instability. If no stable position can be obtained, try disconnecting or replacing the ST2 jumper (normal/fast). h) Check LAM operation : ST5 closed. i) Vary the frequency (speed) around 48 or 58 Hz according to the operating frequency, and check the change in voltage from that observed previously (~ 15%). j) Readjust the speed of the unit to its rated no-load value. Adjustments in parallel operation Before any intervention on the alternator, make sure that the speed droop is identical for all engines. k) Preset for parallel operation (with C.T. connected to S1, S2) - Potentiometer P1 (quadrature droop) in centre position. Apply the rated load (cos M = 0.8 inductive). The voltage should drop by 2 to 3%. If it increases, check that V and W and also S1 and S2 have not been reversed. l) The no-load voltages should be identical for all the alternators intended to run in parallel. - Couple the machines in parallel. - By adjusting the speed, try to obtain 0 KW power exchange. - By altering the voltage setting P2 on one of the machines, try to cancel (or minimise) the current circulating between the machines. - From now on, do not touch the voltage settings. m) Apply the available load (the setting is only correct if a reactive load is available) - By altering the speed, match the KW (or divide the rated power of the units proportionally) - By altering the quadrature droop potentiometer P1, match or divide the currents.
A Field ~ 10 ohms
10A DC
110/220/380V
- static adjustment of the current limit , potentiometer P5 (fuse rating : 8 A - 10 seconds). The maximum factory setting corresponds to that of the excitation current required to obtain a 3-phase short-circuit current of approximately 3 IN at 50 Hz for industrial power, unless otherwise specified(*). A static method can be used to reduce this value or adapt the Isc to the actual operating power (derated machine), which is safer for the alternator and the installation. - Disconnect power supply wires X1,X2 and Z1,Z2 and the voltage reference (0-110V220V-380V) on the alternator. Connect the mains power supply using a transformer (200-240V) as indicated (X1,X2) : 120V). - Apply the corresponding voltage to the voltage reference input used - Supply the AVR with a voltage of 120V max. on the X1, X2 input. - Install a 10A D.C. ammeter in series with the exciter field. - Turn P5 fully anti-clockwise and activate the power supply. If there is no output current from the AVR, turn potentiometer P2 (voltage) clockwise until the ammeter indicates a stable current. - Switch the power supply off, then on again, turn P5 clockwise until the required max. current is obtained (no more than 10 A). Checking the internal protection :
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Open switch (D) : the excitation current should increase to its preset ceiling, remain at that level for t 1 second in AREP or 10 seconds in PMG and then drop to < 1A. To reset, switch off the power supply by opening switch (A). Reconnect the AVR to the alternator and adjust the reference voltage via P2 to obtain the rated voltage. (*): In some countries it is a legal requirement to have a short-circuit current, so as to offer discriminating protection. 4.2.3 - Special type of use
The exciter is switched off by disconnecting the AVR power supply (1 wire on each auxiliary winding) - contact rating 16 A 250V A.C. Connection is identical for resetting the AVR internal protection.
In case of using the de-excitation, provide a forced excitation. 4.2.3.3 - R448 field forcing
(400V - 10A)
WARNING
Excitation circuit E+, E- must not be left open when the machine is running : AVR damage will occur. 4.2.3.1 - R448 field weakening (SHUNT)
Diode
X2 Z1 X1 Z2 E+ EB Volt
Battery (B Volt)
X2 Z1 X1 Z2 E+ EThe exciter is switched off by disconnecting the AVR power supply (1 wire - X1 or X2). Contact rating 16 A - 250V A.C. 4.2.3.2 - R448 field weakening (AREP/ PMG)
Exciter field
Forced excitation
t
Time
Applications Guaranteed voltage build-up Parallel operation, de-energized Parallel operation, at standstill Frequency starting Sustained voltage on overload
X2 Z1 X1 Z2 E+ E-
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Speed too low Voltage too high Voltage oscillations Adjust AVR voltage potentiometer Adjust AVR stability potentiometer Adjustment ineffective If no effect : try normal / fast recovery modes (ST2)
Voltage correct Run at no load and check at no load and the voltage between E+ too low when and E- on the AVR on load (*)
Voltage between E+ and ESHUNT < 20 V - AREP / PMG < 10V Voltage between E+ and ESHUNT > 30V - AREP / PMG > 15V
(*) Caution : For single-phase operation, check that the sensing wires coming from the AVR are correctly connected to the operating terminals Voltage disappears during operation (**) Check the AVR, the surge suppressor, the rotating diodes, and replace any defective components The voltage does not return to the rated - Exciter winding open circuit value. - Faulty exciter armature - Faulty AVR - Main field open circuit or short-circuited
(**) Caution : Internal protection may be activated (overload, open circuit, short-circuit)
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