IS : 3788 - 1983

Indian Standard

( Reaffirmed 1997 )

METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

( First Revision )
First Reprint DECEMBER 1992

UDC

658382308 ( 0833 )

0 Copyright
BUREAU OF 9 MANAK BHAVAN, INDIAN
BAHADUR DELHI

1983 STANDARDS
SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NFW

110002

Gr 7

November

1983

IS :3786-1983

Indiun Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS (
Industrial Chairnzan
DR S. S. RAMA~WAMY

First Revision
Safety Advisory

Committee,

ISAC

Directorate

Labour

Advice Service and Institutes ( Ministry of Labour ), Bombay

Representing Genera1 Factory

Membars
SHRI P. R. SIJRENDRANATHAN (Alternate to . Dr S. S. Ramaswamy ) Ministry of Shipping and Transport SHRI V. K. ARORA SHRI T. P. P. NAMBUR (Alternate) Hindustan Aeronautic Ltd, Bangalore SHRI PREM BAVEJA SHRI B. S. GROVER ( Alternate) SHRI S. i'. BRATIA Indian Cotton Mills Federation, Bombay Chief Controllerate of Explosives, Nagpur SHRI~RARANJIT LAL SHRI B. R. DAVE ( Alternate ) Indian Trade Union Congress, New Delhi SHRI N. CHAKRAVAILTY SHRI KARAN SINGE ( AItem& ) Indian Society of Engineers, Calcutta SHRI P. K. CRAUDRURI DR D. K. NAQ ( Alternate ) Sandoz ( India ) Ltd, Thane SHRI N.CBAVLA SHRI S. C. Day Central Boilers Board, New Delhi SHRI S. M. PRASAD ( Alternate ) Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi D~FLE;;;R$~C~~RCIAL ) DIREOTOR ( COMMERCIAI;) ( Akxztc ) DIRECTOR GENERAL OE MRYES Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad SAFETY DIRECTOR, MINES SAFETY EQUIPMENT ( Alternate ) ( Continuedon #age 2 )

@ Cojyright 1933
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Acf ( XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS : 3756 - 1983
( Continued frompage 1 ) h4embers SERI DURWSH CHANDEA
SHIU

Representing
( Al:ernate

Century Rayon,

Kal yan

SERI P. N. GHOSH

JAYANT ADHIA

Saar K. C. GUPTA
~HRI N. RAGHAVAN SHRI R. P. JHA

Institution of Fire Engineers India, New Delhi National Safctv Council. Bombav

Indian Jute Mills Association, Calcutta Indian Airlines Corporation, New Delhi SHBI J. D. JI.IIHA &RI M. N. AIXORA ( Alternate ) SHRI M. K.%PITT Safety Appliances Manufacturers Association, Bombav Smtr KIRIT MARU ( Alternate ) Factory Inspectorate, Government of Maharashtra, SHR: V. .N. KH~LKUTE Bombay S~IRI H. N. MIRASW ( Alternrte ) Standing Committee on Safety for the Steel IndusSHRI B. S. M.~~HuR try, Durgapur SHRI A. K. DASGUPTA ( Alternate ) Standing Fire Advisory Council, Ministry of Home SRRI G. B. MENON Affairs Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) Smr M. K. MIODWEL Directorate General of health Services, New Delhi SHRI R. N. MUKHOPADI~YAY The Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Ltd, SHRI P. KRISHNAN NAIX Udyogmandal SHRI S. PURUSHOTHAMA Loss Prevention Association of India Ltd. Bombav SIIRI T. V. MADXUMANI ( Alternate ) Ministry of Communications SHUI G. RAM.Q.~UR~HY SHRI Y. V. R. REDDY (Alternate ) Directorate General of Ordnance Factories, Calcutta SHRI S. G. RAN~DE Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi Saar S. R. C. R-40 SHRI R. N. DAS ( tillernate ) Ministry of Defence ( DGI ) REPHESENTATX~E The Safety First Association of India, Bombay SRRI Y. K. SAPRU SHRI A. A. JASDENVALA ( Alternate ) SHRI K. K. SARKHEL The Project & Development ( India ) Ltd, Sindri Employees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi SHRI I. C. SAWN DR K. M. SAXENA ( Alternate ) Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals SHRI P. SESHADRI SHRI TAOJIT SINCH ( Alternate 1 Central Mming Research Station ( CSIR ), Dhanbad DR B. SUN& SHRI P. R. ROY ( Alternate ) Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, SHRI D. K. SIRKAIL Calcutta SERI S. J. SHARMA ( Alternate ) Directorate General of Civil Aviation, New Delhi SHRI S..~ENKASWAYY All India Manufacturers Organization, Bombay SHRI S. P. VIDYAR~THI Director General, IS1 ( Ex-@CIO A4ember ) SERI S. K. MATWJR, Director ( Chem ) SARI K. K. TRIYATHI Senior Deputy Director ( Chem ), IS1 ( Continued on jag8 28 )

( Altcrnale )

IS : 3786 - 1983

METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

( First Revision )
0. 0.1This Indian FOREWORD
Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 30 September 1983, after the draft finalized by the Industrial Safety Advisory Committee had been approved by the Executive Committee. 0.2 This objectives standard in view: was originally issued in 1366 with the following

a) To help in evaluating the relative need for taking accident prevention measures in different departments of an estaultshment; b) To help . prevention in making campaign an appraisa1 of the progress of an accident and making people safety-conscious; when methods and used for the prevention

c) To provide encouragement of accidents are successful; d) To enable comparisons

to be made. felt that tine the following

0.3 The committee responsible for preparing this standard was opportune to revise this standard to incorporate changes:

a) It aligns the definitions of partial disablement ;nd Total disablement, and includes other definitions as given in the latest version of the Workmens Compensation Act, 1923 ( India ); b) It also includes incidence rates; c) It has given accidents; the more definition and method coverage for computation to classification of of

comprehensive 3

IS:3786-

1983 item covering period the basis of assessment so as to make of

d) It includes an additional work injury; and

e) It includes a clause on statistical meaningful.

comparison

0.4 While preparing this revision, particularly 0.3 (c) above, assistance has been derivied from AS 1885-1976 Recording and measuring work injury experience, issued by the Standards Association of Australia.

1. SCOPE 1.1 This standard prescribes basic methods for recording and classifying industrial accidents. It also includes details of work injury and gives the severity and incidence rate of methods for computation of frequency, work injuries in industrial premises. This would enable adoption of a uniform system of recording events associated with injuries and the determination of corrective action. 2. TERMINOLOGY 2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following out dzfinitions of and shall in the apply. 2.1 Accident - An unintended occurrence arising course of employment of a person resulting in injury. 2.2 Death Fatality resulting from an accident.

2.3 Disabling Injury ( Lost Time Injury ) - An injury causing disablement extending beyond the day of shift on which the accident occurred.
NOTE - An ideal system of accident statistics would take into account every this is impracticable beoccurrence causing injurT_ however slight. Unfortunately, cause the record of trivial injuries varies not only according to the number ellstained but also according to the strictness with which a firm insists on this being reported. On the other hand. if an accident keeps a man away from work for a day or more, his absence is bound to be noticed. In other words, the one day or, one shift accident has been chosen because it is a standard unit which cannot vary to a great extent from firm to firm or from year to year. This is, therefore, used for practical purposes as it is the nearest accurate figure to the ideal and is a very simple standard to use.

2.4 Non-disabling ment only, without permanent nature.

Injury - An injury which requires medical treatcausing any disablement whether of temporary or Lost Time an extent as

2.5 Repmtable Disabling Injury ( Reportable Injury ) - An injury causing death or disablement prescribed by the relevant statute.

to

IS : 3786 - 1983 2.6 Days of Disablement ( Lost Time ) - In the case of disablement of a temporary nature, the number of days on which the injured person was partially disabled as defined in 2.7. In the case of death or disablement of a permanent nature whether it be partial or total disablement as defined in 2.7 and 2.8 man-days lost means the charges in days of earning capacity lost due to such permanent disability or death as specified in Appendix B. In other cases the day on which the injury occured or the day the injured person returned to work are not to be included as man-days lost; but all intervening calendar days ( including Sundays or, days off, or days of plant shut down ) are to be included. It after resump!ion of work, the person injured is again disabled for any period arising out of the injury which caused his earlier disablement, the period of such subsequent disablement is also to be inclucYed in the man-days lost. 2.7 Partial Disablement - This is of two types: disablement of a temporary nature which reduces the earning capacity of an employed person in any employment in which he was engaged at the time of the accident resulting in the disablement; and disablement of a permanent nature, which reduces his earning capacity in every employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time. 2.8 Total Disablement - Disablement, whether of a temporary or permanent nature, which incapacitates a workman for all work which he was capable of performing at the time of the accident resulting in such disablement, provided that permanent total disablement shall be deemed to result from every type of injury specified in Part A of Appendix A or from any combination of injuries specified in Part B of Appendix A where the aggregate percentage of the loss of earning capacity, as specified in that part against those injuries, amounts to one hundred percent. 2.9 Man-Hours Worked - The total number of employee-hours worked by all employees working in the industrial premises. It includes managerial, supervisory, professional, technical, clerical and other workers including contractors labour. 2.10 Scheduled Charge - Charges in days of earning to permanent disability or death ( see Appendix A ). 3. CALCULATION OF MAN-HOURS WORKED czpacity lost due

3.1 Man-hours worked shall be calculated from the pay roll or time clock recorded including overtime. When this is not feasible, the same shall be estimated by multiplying the total man-days worked for tbe period covered by the number of hours worked per day. The total number of man-days for a period is the sum of the number of men at work on each day of the period. If the daily hours vary from depart5

IS : 3786 - 1983 ment to department separate estimates shall be made for each department and the result added together. vVhen actual man-hours are not used, the basis on which the estimates are made shall be indicated, 4. CLASSIFICATION 4.1 The principal factors OF ACCIDENTS to causation of accidents are:

related

type e> of accident, f1 nature of injury,

a) agency, b) unsafe mechanical or C>unsafe act, 4 unsafe personal factor,

and location of injury.

physical

condition,

9)

A standard classification as given in Appendix B could serve as a guide for detailed analysis of accidents for the study of the various causative factors and their relationships. 4.2 Each of the items of classification in Appendix B has been assigned a code number which may be used to identify the recorded items of When mechanical tabulating procedures are used, the information. code number will serve as a useful guide for sorting and tabulating the data. 5. ASSESSMENT 5.1 Rasis OF WORK INJURY

of Assessment

5.1.1 General - Thorough investigation of all factors relating to the occurrence of each reported injury is essential. Determination as to whether or not the injury should be considered a work injury under the provisions of this standard shall be based on the evidence collected during investigations. whether 5.1.2 Evidence - The evidence to be considered in determining or not the reported injury should be considered a work injury may include, but not necessarily be limited to, the following: Facts resulting from investigation of the injured employees work activities and working environment to which the injury might be related;

b)

Statements employees,

( written if possible ) of the injured witnesses and supervisors; 6

employee,

fellow

IS : 3786 - 1983

c) Medical reports acceptable injury; and d) Facts concerning and employers, illnesses. 5.2 Assessment

to the authority

classifying

the work

the injured employees work activity for other off-the-job activities, injuries other and
Cases

of Special

5.2.1 General - Before inclusion in the record special cases should be assessed. Clauses 5.2.2 to 5.2.15 are intended to assist in such assessment but these provisions/rules should not be used to exclude a genuine work injury from the record. 5.2.2 Inguinal Hernia - An inguinal hernia shall be considered a work injury only ifit is precipitated by an impact, tirldden effort, or severe strain, and meets, after investigation, all of the following conditions: There is a> a slip, clear as trip evidence of an accidental event or an incident, such or fall, sudden effort or over-exertion; region at the time of the

b) 4

There was actual pain in the hernial accident or incident; and

The immediate pain was so acute that the injured employes was forced to stop work long enough to draw the attention of his foreman or fellow employee, or the attention of a physician was secured within 12 hours.

5.2.3 Back Injury - A back injury or strain shall after investigation, be considered a work injury if:

4 b)

There is clear evidence of an accident event or an incident such as a slip, triF or fall, sudden effort or over-exertion, or blow on the back; and A medical -practitioner, authorized to treat the case, is satisfied after a complete review of the circumstances of the accident or incident, that the injury could have arisen out of the accident or incident.

5.2.4 Aggravation of Pre-existing Condition - If aggravation of preexisting physical deficiency arises out of or in the course of employment, the resulting disability shall be considered a work injury and shall be classified according to the ultimate extent of the injury except that if the injury is an inguinal hernia or a back injury the requirement of 5.2.2 or 5.2.3 shall apply. 5.2.5 Aggravation of Minor Injury - If a minor injury is aggravated because of diagnosis or treatment, either professional or non-professional, or if infection or other symptoms develop later, either on the job or off-the-job the injury shall be classified according to its ultimate extent. 7

IS:3786-1983 5.2.6 Cardiovascular Diseases groups: a) Rheumatic c) Ischaemic heart disease, disease, disease, disease,

This term is used to cover the following

b) Hypertensive

d) Heart disease secondary to pulmonary e) Cerebrovascular disease,

f) Diseases of arteries, arterioles

and capillaries,

and

g) Disease of veins and lymph vessels. 5.2.6.1 unless: Cardiovascular diseases shall not be recorded as work injuries

a) the symptoms were so severe during working hours that the attention of a supervisor was drawn to them; and b) a medical practitioner, authorized to treat the case, satisfied after a thorough investigation, that the disease or aggravation of the disease was work caused. 5.2.7
Miscellaneous -

The

category includes the following:

a) Pur$osely inflicted injuries - An injury purposely inflicted by the employee or another person shall be considered a work injury if it arises out of or in the course of employment; b) Skylarking - An injury inflicted by or arising out of skylarking during employment shall be considered a work injury. 5.2.8 Other Disabilities - The following are examples of injuries which shall be considered work injuries if they arise out of or in the course of employment: a) Animal and insect bites; b) Skin irritations c) Muscular and infections;

disability; temperature ( hot or

d) Injuries arising from exposure to extreme cold ); and

e) Loss of hearing, sight, taste, feel or sense of smell. 8

IS : 3786 - 1983 OF 6. COMPUTATION INCIDENCE RATES FREQUENCY, SEVERITY

AND
both for

6.1 Frequency Rate - The frequency rate shall be calculated lost time injury and reportable lost time injury as follows: F
A-

_ &umber of lost time injury x 1 000 000 Man-hours worked _ Number of reportable lost time injury x 1 000 000 Man-hours worked

B--

NOTE 1 - If the injury does not cause loss of time in the period in which it occurs but in a subsequent period, the injury should be included in the frequency rate of the period in which the loss of time begins. loss of time, it should only be included NOTE 2 - If an injury causes intermittent in the frequency rate once, that is, when the first loss of time occurs. NOTE 3 - Since frequency rate & is based on the lost time injuriestreportable to the statutory authorities, it may be used for official purposes only. In all other cases, frequency rate FA should be used for comparison purposes.

6.2 Severity Rate - The severity rate shall be calculated from mandays lost both of lost time injury and reportable lost time injury as follows: d-A= s
B-

Man-days -Man-days

lost due to lost time injury Man-hours worked

1 000 000
x

lost due to reportable lost time injury Man-hours worked

1 000 000

to the NOTE - Since severity rate &j is based on the lost time injuries reportable statutory authorities, it should be used for official purposes only. In all other cases severity rate SA should be used for comparison purposes.

6.21 Calculation following:

of man-days

lost under

6.2 shall be based on the

4 b)

Man-days

lost due to temporary total disability;

Man-days lost according to schedule of charges for death and permanent disabilities as given in Appendix A. In case of multiple injury, the sum of schedule charges shall not be taken to exceed 6 000 man-days;

Ci Days lost due to injury in previous periods, that is, if any accident which occurred in previous period is still causing loss of time in the period under review, such loss of time is also to be included in the period under review; 9

IS : 3786 - 1983
d) In the case of intermittent loss of time, each period should be incjuded in the severity rate for the period in which the time is lost; and e) If any injury is treated as period and subsequently turns the man-days charged to the schedule charge for the injury known. 6.3 Incidence Rates 6.3.1 General incidence rate is the ratio of the number of injuries to the number of persons during the period under review. It is expressed as the number of injuries per 1 000 persons employed. The incidence rate may be calculated reportable lost-time injuries as follows:
Lost-time

a lost time injury in one statistical out to be a permanent disability; injury shall be subtracted from the when permanent disability becomes

both for lost-time injuries and

injury incidence rate =

Number of lost-time injuries x 1 000 Average number of persons employed

Reportable lost-time Number of reportable lost-time injuries x 1 000 injury incidence rate = --&%agenumber of per 3ns emgoyed
NOTE - Since reportable lost-time injury incidence rate is based on the lost time injuries reportable to the statutory authorities,it should be used for official purposes only. In all other cases lost-time iqury incidence rate should be used.

6.4 Statisiical Period -Rates for any period, that is month, quarter or year shall include injuries which occurred during the period, together with any injuries which occurred in the previous 12 months and which have not already been included in earlier calculations. 6.4.1 An injury which occurred in a previous period and which did not cause lost time at the time of occurrence, but caused lost time in the current period, shall be included as a lost-time injury in the current period. 6.4.2 When calculating duration rates, the time lost for the period shall include time lost in the current period caused by injuries which occurred in .previous period. *.

10

IS : 3786 - 1983

APPENDIX A ( Clauses 2.8, 2.10 and 6.2. I )

SCHEDULED l%. CHARGES FOR DISABILITIES * PERCENTAGE OF LOSSOF EARNINCJ CAPACITY (3) Total Disablement 100 100 100 100 6 000 6 000 6 000 6 000 EQUIVALENT MAN-DAYS LOST (4) DESCRIPTION INJURY OF

(1)

(2) Part A

I. 2. 3. 4.

Death Loss of both hands or amputation at higher sites Loss of a hand and a foot Double amputation through leg or thigh, or amputation through leg or thigh on one side and loss of other foot Loss of sight to such an extent as to render the claimant unable to perform any work for which eyesight is essential Very severe facial disfigurement Absolute deafness Part B a) Amputation Cases -

5.

100

6 000

6. 7.

100 100

6 000 6 000

Partial Disablement Upper Limbs ( Either Arm ) shoulder 90 80 5 400 4 800

8. 9.

Amputation joint

through

Amputation below shoulder with stump less than 205 mm from tip acromion Amputation from 205 mm from tip of acromion to less than 115 mm below tip of olecranon *Based on Workmens
1962. Compensation Act 11 ( India ),

10.

70

4 200

February

1923

as modified

up to 1

IS:3786SL NO.

1983
DE~ORIPTI~N OF

INJURY

PERCENTAGE OF LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITY (3) 60

EQUIVALENT MAN-DAYS LOST

(1)
11.

(2)
Loss of a hand orthumb and four fingers of one hand or amputation from 115 mm below tip of olecranon Loss of thumb Loss of thumb bone and its metacarpal of one hand

(4) 3 600

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

30 40 50 30 20 20

1 800 2 400 3 000 1800

Loss of four fingers

Loss of three fingers of one hand Loss of two fingers of one hand Loss of terminal phalanx of thumb b) Amputation Cases -

1 260
1200

Lower Limbs
90 80 5 400 4 800

18. 19.

Amputation of both feet resulting in end-bearing stumps Amputation through both feet proximal to the metatarsophalangeal joint Loss of all toes of both feet through the metatarsophalangeal joint Loss of all toes of both feet proximal inter-phalangeal joint Loss of all toes of both feet distal to the proximal inter-phalangeal joint Amputation at hip Amputation below hip with stump not exceeding 125 mm in length measured from tip of great trochanter Amputation below hip with stump exceeding 125 mm in length measured from tip of great trochanter but not beyond middle thigh 12

20. 21. 22.

40 30 29

2 400 1800 1 200

23. 24.

90 80

5 400 4 800

25.

70

4 200

IS : 3786 - 1983

SL No.

'DESCRIPTION INJURY OF

PERCENTAGE OF LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITY (3)

EQUIVALENT MAN-DAYS LOST (4) 420 360 300 120

(1)
42. 43. 44. 45. Whole Two phalanges One phalanx

(2)
(iii)

Ring OYlittle jinger

7 6 5

Guillotine amputation loss of bone

of tip without

e) Loss of Toes of Right or Left Foot

(i) Great toe

46. 47. Through metatarsophalangeal joint 14 3 joint 3 1 a40 180

Part, with some loss of bone (ii) Any other toe Through Part, metatarsophalangeal

48. 49.

180

with some loss of bone (iii)

60

Two toes of m foot excluding great toe joint 5 2

50. 51.

Through

metatarsophalangeal

300 120

Part, with some loss of bone (iv)

Three toes of onefoot, sxcluding great toe

joint 6 3

52. 53.

Through

metatarsophalangeal

360

Part, with some loss of bone

180
540 180

(v) Four toes of on6 foot, excluding great toe 54. 55. Through Part, metatarsophalangeal joint 9

with some loss of

bone

NOTE 1 - Complete and permanent loss of the use of any limb or member referred to in this appendix shall be deemed to be the equivalent of the loss of that limb or member.
NOTE 2 -

Maximum scheduled charges in case

of

any injured peraon shall be 6 000

man-days. 14

APPENDIX B t Clauses and 4.2 j 4.1

CLASSIFICATION
CODE No.

OF INDUSTRIAL

ACCIDENTS

PARTICULARS

B-l. CLASSIFICATION

ACCORDING

TO AGENCY

( Agency is the object or substance which is moat closely associated with the accident causing the injury and with respect to which adoption of a safety measure c&Id have prevented the accident )
20 Machines 201 Prime-movers, except electrical motors
2011

Steam engines 2012 Internal combustion engines 2012 Others

Transmission Machinery

202

2021 Transmission shafts 2022 Transmission belts, cable pulleys, pinions, chains, gears

2029 Others
203 Metal Working Machines

Power presses 2032 Lathes 2033 Milling machines

2031

2034 Abrasive wheels 2035 Mechanical shears 2036 Forging machines 2037 Rolling mills 2039 Others
204 Wood and Associated Machines 2041

Circular saws

2042 Other saws 2043 Moulding machines 2044 Overhand 2q49 Others planes 15

IS : 3786 - 1983
CODEPO. PARkICULARS

205 Agricultural Mahines 2051 Reapers ( including combined 2052 Thresshers 2059 Others 206 ?4ining Machinery 2061 Drilling and boring machine including augurs 2062 Cutting machine 2063 Loading machine including scrapers 2064 Cutter-loaders including 2069 Others 209 Other Machines .Not Elsewh-erc Classijed 2091 Earth-moving machines 2092 Spinning, weaving and other textile machines 2093 Machines for the manufacture of foodstuffs and beverages 2094 Machine for the manufacture of paper and leather 2095 Printing machines 2099 Others 21 Means of TransQortation and Mooing Equipment 2 11 Lifting Machines and Appliances 2111 Cranes 2112 Lifts and elevators 2113 Winches 2 114 Pulley blocks 2 119 Others 212 Means of Rail Transportation 2121 Inter-urban railways 2122 Rail transportation in mines, tunnels, qrlarries, industrial establishments, docks, etc 2129 Others 213 Other Wheeled Means of Transportation, Excluding Raii ?-ransportation 2 13 1 Tractors 2 132 Lorries 16 / other continuous miners reapers )

IS:378691983
CODE No.
PARTICULARS

2 133 Trucks 2134 Motor/<iehicles, not elsewhere classified 2 135 Animal-drawn vehicles 2136 Hand-drawn vehicles 2 139 Others 214 Means of ,4ir Transportation
2 15 Means of

Water 7ransportation means of water transportation

2151 Motorised means of water transportation 2 152 Non-motorised 2 19 Other Means of Transport 2191 Cable cars 2 192 Mechanical 2 199 Others 22 Other Equipment 22 1 Pressure Vessels 22 11 Boilers 2212 Pressurised containers 2213 Pressurised piping and accessories 2214 Gas cylinders 2215 Vacuum vessels 22 19 Others 222 Furnaces, Ovens,. Kilns 2221 Blast furnaces 2222 2223 2224 2225 Refining furnaces Other furnaces Kilns Ovens conveyors, except cable-cars

223 Refrigerating Plants 224 Electrical Installations, Including Electric Motors but Excluding Elect+ Hand Tools 2241 Rotating machines 2242 Conductors 17

IS t 3786 - 1983 CODE No. 2249 Others 225 Electric Hand 226
Tools, Tools

PARTICULARS

2243 Control apparatus

Iu#ements

and Appliances Except Electric Hand Tools

Power-driven hand tools, except electric hand tools 2262 Hand tools, not power-driven
2261

2269 Others. 227 Ladders, Mobile Ramps

228 Scaffolding 229 Other Equipment not Elsewhere CLass$ed Substances and Radiations

23 Mate&is,

231 Explosives 232 Dusts, Gases, Liquids and Chemicals, Excluding Explosives 2321 Dusts 2322 Gases, vapours, fumes

2323 Liquids 2324 Chemicals 2329 Others

not elsewhere classified

233 Flying Objects Other Than Due to Explosion

234 Radiations 234 1 Ionising

radiations

2349 Others 239 Other Materials and Substances not Elsewhere Classijicd 24 Working Environment
241 Outdoor 2411

Weather and working surfaces

2412 Traffic 2413 Water 2414 Fire 2419. Others

/
CODE No.

IS:3786-1983

PARTICULARS

242 Indoor 242 1 Floors 2422 Confined quarters 2423 Stairs 2424 Other traffic and working surfaces 2425 Floor openings and wall openings 2426 Environmental factors ( Lighting, ventilation, noise, etc ) 2427 Water 2428 Fire 2429 Others 25 Other Agencies 251 Mining and Tunneling Tunneling

temperature,

Underground Mining and 2511

Roof

2512 Side and face 2513 Floor 2514 Mine shaft 2515 Water 2516 Fire 25 17 Others 252 Opettcdst Mining ( Including
2521

Quarrying )

Overhang

2522 Side face 2523 Ground 2524 Water 2525 Fire 2529 Others 26 Other Agencies, not Elsewhere 261 Animals 2611 Live animals 62 12 Animal products 262 Other Agencies Not Elsewhere CfmsiJed 19 Classijed

IS : 3786 - 1983
CODE

No.

PARTICULARS

27 Agencies Not Classified for Lack of Suficient Data

29 Other Agencies B-2.

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING OR PHYSICAL CONDITIONS

TO

UNSAFE

MATERIAL

( This identifies the unsafe mechanical or physical condition or conditions related to the agency, which contributed to the causation of accident ) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Improperly guarded agency Defects in agency Hazardous arrangement, procedure, etc in, on, or apparel Improper illumination Unsafe dress or apparel Improper Others ventilation ACCORDING TO THE UNSAFE ACT

B-3. CLASSIFICATION

( This identifies the deviation from the accepted and laid down safe procedure, which contributed to the causation of accident ,) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Operating without authority, failure to secure or warn Operating at unsafe speed Marking safety devices inoperative Using unsafe equipment, hand instead of equipment, or equipment unsafely Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining, Taking unsafe position or posture Others ACCORDING TO UNSAFE PERSONAL etc

B-4. CLASSIFICATION FACTOR

(This identifies the anatomical, physiological characteristic which permitted or occasioned act ) 10 20 Unsuitable anatomical, physiological, teristics Lack of knowledge or skill 20

or the psychological

the selected

unsafe

or psychological charac-

IS:3786CODE NO. YU Unsuitable ment, etc. PARTICULARS mechanical or physical conditions, social

1983

environ-

B-5.

CLASSIFICATION

ACCORDING

TO

TYPE

OF CACIDENTS

( The type of accident is the manner in which the object or substance causing the injury comes into contact with the injured person, or the movement of the injured person which resulted in the injury ) 10 Falls of Persons from heights ( trees, buildings, mine trenches, 101 Falls of persons scaffolds, ladders, machines, vehicles ) and into depths ( wells, ditches, excavations, shafts, holes in the ground ) 102 Fats of persons on the same level 11 Fall of Objects 111 Cave-ins ( earth, rocks, stone )

I 111 Cave-in i 112 Cave-in

1113 1114 112 Slides Cave-in

or fall of roof or fall of side and face or collapse collapse rock, of shaft of ground

Premature (,earth, of

1115 Bumps 113 Subsidence 114 Collapse etc

and rock-bursts stone, snow ) walls, scaffolds, ladders, piles of ground buildings,

ofgoods,

115 Fall of cages, 116 Fall of objects

skips and kibbles during handling

12 Stepping on, Striking Against or Struck by Object Excluding Falling Objects 121 Stepping 122 on objects stationary moving objects ( except impacts due to

Striking against previous fall ) against

123 Striking

objects ( including objects flying fragments and

by moving objects 124 Struck particles ) excluding falling 21

IS t 3786 - 1983
CODE No.
PARTICULARS

13 Caught in or Between

Objects

131 Caught in an object

132 Caught between a stationary object and a moving object 133 Caught between moving objects ( except flying or falling objects ) 14 Over-Exertion
OY Wrong Movements

141 Over-exertion 142 Over-exertion

in lifting objects in pushing or pulling objects

143 Over-exertion in handling or throwing objects 144 Wrong movements 15 Exfosure

to or Contact With Extreme Temperature

151 Exposure

to or contact with heat ( atmosphere or environment

) )

152 Exposure to or contact with cold ( atmosphere or environment 153 Contact with fire, hot substances or objects 154 Contact with very cold substances or objects 16 Exbosure 17 Extosure
to or Contact with Electric to or Contact with harmful Current Substances, Including Relations

171 Contact

by inhalation, ingestion or absorption tances including gases

of harmful subs-

172 Exposure to ionising radiations 173 Exposure to radiations 18 Explosions 181 Explosion 182 Gas explosion 183 Dust explosion 184 Others 19 Others
191 Inundations

other than ionising radiations

and eruption

192 Exposure to high noise 193 Bursting and rupture of vessels 22

IS:3786-1983 CODE No. C-6. CLASSIFICATION INJURY ( This identifies teristics ) 3 10 F,,actures Includes simple fractures; fractures with injuries to soft parts of the bqdy ( compound fracture ); fractures with injuries to arti culations (dislocations, etc ); fractures with internal or nerve injuries. 320 Dislocations Includes Excludes sublaxations fracture and displacements. ( 310 ). PARTICULARS ACCORDING TO NATURE QF THE charac-

the injury

in terms of its principal

physical

dislocations

325 Sprains and Strains Includes, unless associated withan open wound, the ruptures, tears, and lacerations of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, as well as hernias due to over exertion. 330 Concussions and Oth.er Internal &juries Includes, unless fractures are involved, all internal haemorrhages, lacerations, ruptures. Excludes those injuries with fractures ( 310 ). 340 Amputations and Enucleations includes traumatic avulsion of eye. contusions,

341 Other Woundr Includes lacerations, open wounds, cuts, contusions with wounds, scalp wounds, as well as loss of nails or ears; includes wounds involving injury to nerves. Excludes traumatic amputations, enucleations; avulsion of eye ( 340 ) compound fracture ( 310 ); burns with open wounds ( 360 ); superficial injuries ( 350 ). 350 Superijcial Injuries Includes abrasions, scratches, blisters, sects, superficial wounds; also includes foreign bodies entering in the eye. 23 bites of non-venomous insuperficial injuries due to

IS : 3786 - 1983
CODE

No.

PARTICULARS

355 Contusions and Crushings Includes crushing aemarthrosis, haematoma associated with superficial and bruises; injuries. contusions and

Excludes concussions ( 330); contusions and crushing with fracture ( 310); and contusions and crushings with an open wound ( 341 ). 360 Burns Includes burns from hot objects; from fire; scales; friction radiation burns ( infra-red ); chemical burns ( external burns; burns only ); burns with open wounds. Excludes burns due to swallowing a corrosive or caustic substance ( 370 ); sunburn ( 380 ); effects of lightning ( 380 ); burns due to electric current ( 382 ); and radiation effects other tl:an burns (383 ). 370 Acute Poisonings Includes the effects of the injection, ingestion, absorption or inhalation of toxic, corrosive or caustic substances; bites of venomous insects or animals; asphyxiation by carbon monoxide or other toxic gases. Excludes external chemcial burns ( 360 ).

380 Effects of Weather, Exposure and-Related Conditions Includes effects of reduced temperature ( frost-bite ); the effect of heat and isolation ( heat strokes, sunstrokes ); baratrauma ( effects of high altitude, docompression caused due to working in compressed air well ); the effects of lightning; sound trauma ( total or partial loss of hearing as a separate injury, not a sequel to another injury ). 381 Asphyxia Includes drowning asphyxiation or suffocation by compression, constriction or strangulations; also includes asphyxiation by suppression or reduction of oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere and asphyxiation by foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. Excludes asphyxiation gases ( 370 ). 382 Effects of Electric Currents Includes current. electrocution; electrical 24 shock and burn due to electric by carbon monoxide or other toxic

lS:3786-1983
CODE NO.

PARTICULARS

Excludes burns caused by electrical and the effects of lightning ( 380 ). 383 Effects of Radiations Includes effects caused by X-rays, violet rays, ionising radiations. Excludes 390 burns due to radiations

heating

appliances

( 370 )

radio-active

substances,

ultra-

( 360 ) and sunstrokes

( 380 ).

Multiple Injuries of Di$erent Nature This group should be used only for case where the injured person sustained several injuries of different nature and no injury is obviously more severe than the others. In case of multiple injuries suffered in one accident where one of the injuries is obviously more severe than the others, then this accident should be classified in the group corresponding to the nature of the more obviously severe injury.

399

Others and Unspecijied Injuries This group should only be used to classify be classified elsewhere. injuries which cannot

Includes various early complications of trauma and pathological reaction which should be classified in this group only when the nature of the antecedent injury is unknown. B-7.

CLASSIFICATION THE INJURY ( Location

directly

ACCORDING

TO

THE

LOCATION
persons

OF
body

of injury identifies the par, of the injured affected by the injury identified ).

NOTE - The groups rclatirg to multiple locations ( scc Code No. 46 ) should be used only to classify cases where the victim suffers from several injuries to different parts of the body and no injury obviously is more severe than the others. When in an accident which caused multiple injuries located at different parts of the body one of these injuries is obriously more severe than the others, this accident, should be classified in the group corresponding to the location of the obviously more severti inFor example, a fracture of the leg accompanied by the scratch ofthe hand jury. should be classified in group 454.

41 411 413

Head Cranium Ear region ( skull brain, scalp ) orbit and optic nerve )

412 Eye ( including

25

IS : 3786- 1983
CODE No. 414 Mouth ( including locations multiple 415 Nose 416 Face, 4 17 Head, 418 Head, 42 43 not classified locations location elsewhere PARTICULARS, lips, teeth and tongue )

unspecified

Neck ( including Throat and Cervical Vertebrae ) Trunk 431 Back 432 Chest (spinal column and adjoining internal internal organs organs muscles, ) spinal cortl ) ( ribs, sternum, ( including of the chest )

433 Abdomen 434 Pelvis 438 Trunk,

multiple

locations location

439 Trunk, 44 UppGr Limb 441 442 444 446 447 448 449 45 Shoulder Upper Forearm Hand Fingers Upper Upper

unspecified

( including

clavicle

and shoulder

blade

limb

443 Elbow 445 Wrist ( except limb, fingers multiple alone ) locations location

Limb, unspecified

Lower Limb 451 Hip 452 454 456 457 458 459 Thigh ( upper leg ) 453 Knee Leg ( lower leg ) Foot Toes Lower Lower Limb, limb, multiple unspecified locations location 26 ( except toes alone ) 455 Ankle

IS: 3786 -1983

CODE

No.
Multiple Locations

PARTICULARLY

46

461 462 463 464 465 47

Head Trunk Other

and trunk,

head and one or more

limbs

and one or more limbs and one lower limb or more than two limbs locations unspecified multiple

One upper limb Multiple locations,

General Injuries [ This group should be used only when the functioning of an active body system has been affected without a specific injury ( for example, poisoning, etc ); when the systemic damage results from an injury a specific part of the body ( for example, a fracture of the spinal column involving injury to the spinal cord ) the location of the injury to this part of the body ( in this case the spinal column ) should be coded 1. 471 Circulatory 472 Respiratory 473 474 475 476 Digestive Nervous Other General system in general system in general system in general system in general injuries unspecified injuries,

general

49

Unspecijied Location of Injury ( This group should only be used when no information able to identify the part of the body affected ) is avail-

27

IS:3786-

1983

( Continued from page 2 )

Safety Practices
Convener
SIXRI P.R.

and Procedures

Subcommittee,
Repesenting

ISAC/S-3

SURENDRANATHAN

Directorate General Factory Advice Srrvice and Institutes ( Ministry of Labour ), Labour Bombay

Members SHR~ H. GANAPATHY (Alternate to Shri P. R. Surendranathan ) Director of Factories h Boilers, Government of SHRI JACOR CHACKO Kerala, Trivandrum Chief Controllerate of Explosives, Nagpur SHRI CRARANJIT LAL SHRI B. R. DAVE ( Alternate ) CEIEB ENQINEER ( ELECTRICAL ) Industries Energy and Labour Department, Bombay SUPEWNTENDINOENQINEER ( INSPECTION) ( Alternate ) Central Boiler Board, New Delhi CHIEF INSPECTOROF BOILERS, KARNATAKA SAFETY Directorate General of Mines Safety, Dhanbad MINES DIRECTOR DEPUTY DIBECTOR OF MINES SAFETY ( SG ) ( Alternate ) Chief Inspectorate of Factories, Government of SHRI V. N. KHOLKUTE Maharashtra, Bombay SRRI G. R. GUJAR ( Alternate ) Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) SHRI R. B. MATHUR Standing Fire Advisory Council, New Delhi SHRI G. B. MENON National Safety Council, Bombay SERI N. C. MUKHXRJEE SERI N. RA~HAVAN ( Alternate ) The Tata Iron & Steel Company Ltd, Jamshcdpur SHR~ V. K. MURTHY SHRI K. N. B~ATTACRARYA ( Alternate )

28

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OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS

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