Disaster Management: By:Aditi Ghirnikar (Bf2008006) Aditi Gupta (Bf2008010) Heta Kapadia (Bf2008015)

DISASTER MANAGEMENT
BY:ADITI GHIRNIKAR (BF2008006)

ADITI GUPTA (BF2008010)
HETA KAPADIA (BF2008015)
WHAT IS DISASTER-MANAGEMENT
DISASTER: Perceived tragedy, hazard to life, health,
property or environment.
MANAGEMENT: Planning, organizing, leading,

directing an activity or organization.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT: preparing for disaster to

avoid risks, disaster response and support and rebuilding.
DISASTERS
•consequence of inappropriately managed risk
•can be caused by nature, equipment malfunction, human error, or
biological hazards and disease.
•Disasters :suddenly in time (a quick onset), develop over a period of

time
•Most occur suddenly ,unexpectedly some events develop gradually,
CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS
 Hazards divided into natural or human-made, although
complex disasters, where there is no single root cause, are
more common in developing countries
 Based on the devastation, further classified into
major/minor natural disaster and major/minor manmade
MAJOR disasters.
NATURAL DISASTERS MAJOR MAN-MADE DISASTERS
1. Earthquakes 1. Fire
2. Floods 2. Chemical pollution
3. Tsunami 3. Deforestation
4. Drought 4. Epidemics
5. Cyclone 5. Wars
MINOR NATURAL DISASTERS MINOR MAN-MADE DISASTERTS
6. Thunderstorms 6. Vehicle accidents
7. Mud slides 7. Industrial crises
8. Storms 8. Environmental pollution
HAZARDS,VULNERABILITY
AND DISASTERS
 Vulnerability: the extent to which a community, structure,
service, and/or geographic area is likely to be damaged
impact of particular hazard, on account of their nature,
construction and proximity to hazardous terrain or a
disaster prone area
 Hazards: Phenomena that pose a threat to people,
structures, or economic assets and which may cause a
disaster.
 The extent of damage in a disaster depends on:
1) The impact, intensity and characteristics of the
phenomenon
2) How people, environment and infrastructures are
affected by that phenomenon
EARTHQUAKES
 An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of
• energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.
• Seismometer
 REASONS
 Volcanic eruptions
 Meteor impacts
 Underground explosions
 Collapsing structures
PRECAUTIONS
 BEFORE
• Install latches on cupboard
• Earthquake emergency kits
• Teach basic first aid
 DURING
• No elevators
• Seek a safe location
• If outdoors stay in open areas
 AFTER
• Tend to injuries
• Wear shoes
• Turn off gas, water, electricity
FOREST
 Natural disaster
 Lightning
 Human negligence
 natural causes
 man made causes
 Disturbs biodiversity and
ecosystem
PRECAUTIONS
 All welding activity should be done at least 3 m away
from flammable materials;
 No fire must be left unattended in the forest
 Fires for cooking or other purposes shall only

be lit in areas where a 3-m radius
 All fires must be completely out before

leaving a harvesting area;
 Training related to fire risk and control should

be provided for all workers;
 Fire suppression equipment should be provided in areas

of high fire risk
Disaster Management-
FLOODS
 Floods are the most common and widespread of all natural disasters.
India is one of the highly flood prone countries in the world.
• For planning any flood management measure latest satellite remote
sensing plays an important role.
 If you are under a flood watch or warning:

• Gather the emergency supplies you previously stocked in your home
and stay tuned to local radio or television.
• Turn off all utilities at the main power switch and close the main gas
valve if evacuation appears necessary.
• Have your immunization records handy or be aware of your last
tetanus shot, in case you should receive a puncture wound or a wound
becomes contaminated during or after the flood.
• Bring outdoor possessions, such as lawn furniture, grills and trash cans
inside or tie them down securely.
If You Are Ordered to Evacuate
 Take only essential items with you.
 Disconnect appliances to prevent electrical shock when power is restored.
 Follow the designated evacuation routes and expect heavy traffic.
 Do not attempt to drive or walk across creeks or flooded roads.
Emergency Supplies You Will Need :
 Several clean containers for water.
 A 3-5 day supply of non-perishable food.
 A first aid kit and manual and prescription medicines and special medical
needs.
 A battery-powered radio, flashlights, and extra batteries.
 Sleeping bags or extra blankets.
 Personal hygiene supplies, such as soap, toothpaste, etc.
Disaster Management-
CHEMICAL DISASTERS
 Sources of Chemical Disasters:
Chemical accidents may originate in:

I) Manufacture and formulation installations including during commissioning and
process operations; maintenance and disposal.
II) Material handling and storage in manufacturing facilities, and isolated Storages;
warehouses and godowns including tank farms in ports and docks and fuel depots.
III) Transportation (road, rail, air, water, and pipelines).
Major Accidents in India:
Following the Bhopal Gas Disaster in 1984, major incidences of chemical

disasters in India include:
 A fire in an oil well in Andhra Pradesh (2003);
 a vapour cloud explosion in the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited

Refinery (HPCL), Vishakhapatnam (1997);
 an explosion in the Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited (IPCL) Gas

Cracker Complex, Nagothane, Maharashtra (1990).
Measures to be taken:
 The plant authorities should immediately contact the local
administrator in case hazard is likely to spread beyond the
factory.
 The concerned Police Officers along with civic officials should
make arrangements for evacuation of the people from the
vicinity to safe areas.
 The plant authorities should extend all technical support in
controlling the damage.
 Most importantly. It is the responsibility of the industry
management that the people do not get panicky.
 After all the hazard is totally eliminated, people may be
brought back to their respective places of working and living.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
 International Association of Emergency Managers
The International Association of Emergency Managers (IAEM) is a
non-profit educational organization dedicated to promoting the goals
of saving lives and protecting property during emergencies and
disasters. It currently has seven Councils around the World: Asia,
Canada, Europe, International, Oceania, Student and USA
 Red Cross/Red Crescent
National Red Cross/Red Crescent societies often have pivotal roles in
responding to emergencies. They specialize in the recovery component
of the emergency management framework.
 United Nations
Within the United Nations system responsibility for emergency
response rests with the Resident Coordinator within the affected
country.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
 World Bank
Since 1980, the World Bank has approved more than 500 operations related to
disaster management, amounting to more than US$40 billion. These include post-
disaster reconstruction projects, as well as projects with components aimed at
preventing and mitigating disaster impacts, in countries such as Argentina,
Bangladesh, Colombia, Haiti, India, Mexico, Turkey and Vietnam.
 European Union
Mechanism's main role is to facilitate co-operation in civil protection assistance
interventions in the event of major emergencies which may require urgent response
actions
 International Recovery Platform
The key role of IRP is to identify gaps and constraints experienced in post disaster
recovery and to serve as a catalyst for the development of tools, resources, and
capacity for resilient recovery.

Disaster Management: By:Aditi Ghirnikar (Bf2008006) Aditi Gupta (Bf2008010) Heta Kapadia (Bf2008015)

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT

BY:ADITI GHIRNIKAR (BF2008006)

MANAGEMENT: Planning, organizing, leading,

DISASTER MANAGEMENT: preparing for disaster to

•Disasters :suddenly in time (a quick onset), develop over a period of

 No fire must be left unattended in the forest

 Fires for cooking or other purposes shall only

 All fires must be completely out before

 Training related to fire risk and control should

 Fire suppression equipment should be provided in areas

 If you are under a flood watch or warning:

Chemical accidents may originate in:

Following the Bhopal Gas Disaster in 1984, major incidences of chemical

 a vapour cloud explosion in the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited

 an explosion in the Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited (IPCL) Gas

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