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    Osteomalacia

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    Kim Gonzales
    Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of osteoid in mature bone. It results from impaired bone mineralization, causing softened, deformed bones and increased fracture risk. Key symptoms include bone pain, muscle weakness, and bone deformities like bowed legs. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired vitamin D metabolism, reducing calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and vitamin D along with imaging showing bone abnormalities.

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    Osteomalacia

    Uploaded by

    Kim Gonzales
    7K views23 pages
    Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of osteoid in mature bone. It results from impaired bone mineralization, causing softened, deformed bones and increased fracture risk. Key symptoms include bone pain, muscle weakness, and bone deformities like bowed legs. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired vitamin D metabolism, reducing calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and vitamin D along with imaging showing bone abnormalities.

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    3. Osteomalacia Ppt

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    Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of osteoid in mature bone. It results from impaired bone mineralization, causing softened, deformed bones and increased fracture risk. Key symptoms include bone pain, muscle weakness, and bone deformities like bowed legs. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired vitamin D metabolism, reducing calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and vitamin D along with imaging showing bone abnormalities.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    7K views23 pages

    Osteomalacia

    Uploaded by

    Kim Gonzales
    Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of osteoid in mature bone. It results from impaired bone mineralization, causing softened, deformed bones and increased fracture risk. Key symptoms include bone pain, muscle weakness, and bone deformities like bowed legs. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired vitamin D metabolism, reducing calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and vitamin D along with imaging showing bone abnormalities.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Osteomalacia

    “Delayed Mineralization”
    Osteomalacia
    Metabolic disease
    characterized by inadequate and
    delayed mineralization of osteoid in
    mature
    compact and spongy
    bone.
    Osteoid
    Osteoblasts brings out new bone by their
    synthesis of osteoid.

    Osteoid bone are non-mineralized bone


    matrix.
    Bone Remodeling Cycle
    Bone Remodeling Cycle
    Phase 1 (activation)
    a stimulus activates the bone cells precursors in the
    localized area of the bone to form osteoclasts.
    Phase 2. (resorption)
    osteoclast forms a “cutting cone” which gradually resorb
    bone, leaving behind and elongated cavity.
    Phase 3 (formation)
    laying down of new bone by osteoblast lining the walls
    of the resorptive cavity.
    Bone Formation
    Phase 1
    Production of organic
    matrix
    Phase 2
    Calcification
    Phase 3
    Mineralization
     Initiation (Formation)
     Proliferation (Accretion)
    Also known as
    RICKETS
    in infant or growing children
    Risks Factor
    Risk Factor

    Inadequate exposure to sunlight


    Risk Factor

    Parathyroid gland dysfunction


    Risk Factor
    Risk Factor
    • Drugs such as
    phenytoin,
    phenobarbital
    – Interfere with
    calcium
    absorption and
    increase in
    degradation of
    vitamin D
    metabolism in
    the liver.
    Osteomalacia
    Patho
    Risks factor Decrease
    Vitamin D Calcium
    deficiency
    ↑ PTH secretion

    KIDNEYS
    INTESTINES
    ↑ phosphate excretion
    ↑ calcium absorption
    (phosphaturia)

    Imbalance
    calcium and phosphate
    concentration

    Decrease bone
    crystallization

    Osteomalacia
    Osteomalacia
    Fractures Bowed legs
    Rachitic rosary Pigeon chest

    Softening skull -Kyphoscoliosis Knock knees

    Progressive Persistent Delayed closing


    muscle weakness skeletal pain of fontanels

    Enlarged wrists asymptomatic until


    and ankles a fracture occurs
    Progressive deformities
    of bones of extremities
    and spine
    Manifestation
    - Fractures of bones -Enlarged wrists and
    - Persistent skeletal pain ankles
    - Progressive deformities of - Pigeon chest
    bones of extremities and (protruding ribs and
    spine sternum)
    - Progressive muscle - Delayed closing of
    weakness fontanels
    - May be asymptomatic until - Softening skull
    a fracture occurs - Bulging forehead
    - Leg and lower back pain - Difficulty walking and
    due to vertebral collapse climbing stairs
    - Bowed legs -Kyphoscoliosis
    - Knock knees
    - Rachitic rosary (beading of
    ends of ribs)
    Bone Fracture
    GENU VALGUM or
    KNOCK KNEES
    RACHITIC ROSARY
    PECTUS CARINATUM or PIGEON CHEST
    KYPHOSCOLIOSIS
    Nursing Diagnosis
    1. Acute Pain r/t stimulation of free nerve
    endings 2 to muscular stretching or
    impingement of nerves.
    2. Impaired Physical Mobility r/t bone
    decalcification and bone deformities.
    3. High Risk for Injury r/t softening of bones
    2 to delayed mineralization
    4. Disturbed body image r/t bowing of legs.
    Diagnostic studies
    Laboratory
    -Serum calcium concentration less than 7.5
    mg/dl
    - Serum inorganic phosphorus concentration
    less than 2 mg/dl
    - Serum citrate level less than 2.5mg/dl
    - Alkaline phosphatase level less than 4 King

    Armstrong units/dL

    -PTH : < 10 picograms/ml


    NV 10-55 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL).
    Diagnostic studies
    IMAGING

    X-rays showing characteristics bone


    deformities and abnormalities such as
    Looser’s transformation zones (radiolucent
    bands perpendicular to the surface of the
    bones indicating reduced bone ossification
    confirm the diagnosis)

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