18th Century Material Culture

Smoking Pipes
Before the White Man...
The Native Americans
Native American Beaver Crest Smoking Pipe of Basaltic Stone
c. 1500 - 1800
(The British Museum)
Native American Tobacco Pipe of Black Steatite Found in South Carolina
Bequeathed to the British Museum in 1753 by Sir Hans Sloane (1660 - 1753)
(The British Museum)
Native American Tobacco Pipe of Black Steatite Found in South Carolina
Bequeathed to the British Museum in 1753 by Sir Hans Sloane (1660 - 1753)
(The British Museum)
 Native American Smoking Pipe of Black Steatite
Bequeathed to the British Museum in 1753 by Sir Hans Sloane (1660 - 1753)

"Large calumet or tobacco pipe, bole round, made of black marble to

which are fitted long pipes of reed or bored wood of severall figures."
(The British Museum)
Native American Stone Tobacco Pipe - Bowl
Likely Cherokee
c. 1650 - 1800
(The British Museum)
Soapstone Native Northwestern American Tobacco Pipe
c. 1000 - 1850
(The British Museum)
 North American Wooden Smoking Pipe
Collected by Captain George Vancouver
On His Voyage aboard the H.M.S. Discovery from 1791 - 1795
(The British Museum)
Clay Tobacco Pipe Stem from the Patawomeke Tribe
Potomac River, Virginia 17th Century
(APVA Preservation Virginia)
 Nottaway Steatite Pipe from Virginia
17th Century
(Virginia Department of Historic Resources)
 Nottaway Steatite Pipes from Virginia
17th Century
(Virginia Department of Historic Resources)
 Ottawa - (Odawa) Pipe
c. 1775 - 1800
(Alexander Gallery - Epic Fine Arts Co. / Masco Corp. - Splendidheritage.com)
 Soapstone Pipe Bowl from the Southern Great Lakes in North America - From the Studio of Artist, Benjamin West
Depicted in Two Paintings by Benjamin West - “The Death of General Wolfe” (1770) & “William Penn’s Treaty with the Indians” (1771)
Mid 18th Century
(The British Museum)
 Iroquois Pipe
c. 1700 - 1725
(The British Museum)
 Iroquois Pipe
c. 1700 - 1725
(The British Museum)
 Iroquois Pipe
c. 1700 - 1725
(The British Museum)
Iroquois or Mohawk Grey Stone Pipe
c. 1600 - 1800
(The British Museum)
“The Indians giving a talk to Colonel Bouquet in a Conference at a Council Fire...”
by Charles Grignion after Benjamin West 1766
(The British Museum)
Smoking
 The Smoker
Adriaen Brouwer De roker c. 1630 - 1638
(Rijksmuseum Amsterdam)
English Tin Glazed Earthenware Figure from Southwark or Lambeth
c. 1680 - 1685
(Victoria & Albert)
 “I am a Joviall Boy & thinke no ill ...”
by William Sherwin c. 1669 - 1700 (British)
(The British Museum)
by JHL after Adriaen van Ostade c. 1670 - 1700
(The British Museum)
by Adriaen Pynacker c. 1670 - 1707
(The British Museum)
by Bernard Lens after Adriaen van Ostade c. 1674 - 1725
(The British Museum)
by John Boydell, made by Bernard Lens c. 1674 - 1725
(The British Museum)
Mezzotint by Jacob Gole after Conells Dusart
c. 1675 - 1724
(The British Museum)
by Jacob Gole 1675 - 1724
(The British Museum)
 “Capiteyn Jan Bart”
The Pirate byJacob Gole c. 1675 - 1724
(The British Museum)
by Marcellus Laroon II c. 1680 - 1700 (British)
(The British Museum)
 Musicians at Play
by Marcellus Laroon II c. 1680 - 1700 (British)
(The British Museum)
After Adriaen Brouwer c. 1680 - 1720
(The British Museum)
“Hinder says she, perhaps you’ll stare,
To hear I come from Jupiter”
After David Teniers the Younger c. 1680 - 1743
(The British Museum)
Peasants after Dusart / Epulas sine caede et sanguine praebet
by Mattys Pool after Cornelis Dusart c. 1685 - 1732
(The British Museum)
 “Captain Hooke alias Jibb”
by John Faber the Elder c. 1696 - 1721
(The British Museum)
 A Portrait of Two Artists
by Joseph van Aken (Van Haecken) c. 1699 – 1749
(Lane Fine Art)
 “John Gale alias Dumb Jack.”
by John Faber the Elder, Published by John King 1707 - 1721
(The British Museum)
Elihu Yale, the 2nd Duke of Devonshire, Lord James Cavendish, Mr. Tunstal, and a Page
by unknown 1708
(Yale Center for British Art)
 The Coffehous Mob
1710
(The British Museum)
KENNY’S RIGHT “Tobacco Spiller’s Ticket”
Printed by George Vertue 1712
(The British Museum)
KENNY’S RIGHT “Tobacco Spiller’s Ticket”
Printed by George Vertue 1712
(The British Museum)
Drawn by Thomas Rosse
British c. 1730 - 1757
(The British Museum)
Trade Card after William Hogarth
c. 1733 - 1745
(The British Museum)
Trade Card after William Hogarth
c. 1733 - 1745
(The British Museum)
 Benjamin Bradley
by John Faber the Younger after Arthur Pond 1737
(The British Museum)
by Anonymous c. 1740 - 1760
(The British Museum)
by Richard Purcell, Published by Robert Sayer after Adriaen Brouwer c. 1740 - 1760
(The British Museum)
by Johann Gottlieb Glume, Vienna, 1748
(The British Museum)
“Time Smoking a Picture as Statues Molder into Worth”
William Hogarth
 A Monkey Smoking a Pipe
French School - 18th Century
“ALEHOUSE POLITICIANS.”
“The happy Club, A New Song”
by Benjamin Cole c. 1712 - 1783
(The British Museum)
“The happy Club, A New Song”
by Benjamin Cole c. 1712 - 1783
(The British Museum)
 “A FLEMISH CLUB”
by Robert Sayer after David Teniers the Younger c. 1746 - 1786
(The British Museum)
by William Woollett c. 1750 - 1760
(The British Museum)
by Karel la Fargue c. 1753 - 1793
(The British Museum)
Drawn by Thomas Bewick

c. 1753 - 1818
(The British Museum)
 “Seconde Suite des Figures”
by Philip James de Loutherbourg, Published by Lenfant, Maigret c. 1755 - 1771
(The British Museum)
by Robert Blyth after Philip James de Loutherbourg c. 1755 - 1784
(The British Museum)
 Les paysans du Mordyck
Pierre Maloeuvre after Adriaen Brouwer c. 1755 - 1803
(The British Museum)
 “HOW DO YOU LIKE IT”
Published by William Wynne Ryland c. 1760
(The British Museum)
 Tin Glazed Transfer - Ware Delft Tile
Printed by Sadler & Green, Liverpool c. 1765 - 1775
(The British Museum)
“THE SPORTSMAN TAKING REFRESHMENT”
1767
(Lewis Walpole Library)
by Captain William Baillie after Cornelis Dusar 1767
(The British Museum)
A Woman Smoking
by Paul Sandby
(Private Collection)
 “The Smoaker”
by Francis Wheatley, Published by William Wynne Ryland After Heroman van der Mijn c. 1767 - 1771
(The British Museum)
 “The Story Tellers”
by Richard Earlom, Published by John Boydell, after Egbert van Heemskerck 1768
(The British Museum)
 “The JOVIAL FANKERKINS after a Painting of TENIERS”
by John Bowles, made by Richard Brookshaw after David Teniers the Younger 1770
(The British Museum)
“A Macaroni BANKER, perusing the GAZETTE.”
c. 1770 - 1780
(The British Museum)
 by Isaac Taylor 1771
(The British Museum)
 “THE ALTERNATIVE OF WILLIAMS-BURG”
by John Bennett, Robert Sayer, Attributed to Philip Dawe 1775
(The British Museum)
 “THE ALTERNATIVE OF WILLIAMS-BURG”
by John Bennett, Robert Sayer, Attributed to Philip Dawe 1775
(The British Museum)
'Tobacco A Present for John Wilkes Esq.r Lord Mayor of London.'

“THE ALTERNATIVE OF WILLIAMS-BURG”

by John Bennett, Robert Sayer, Attributed to Philip Dawe 1775
(The British Museum)
 “The Gardner “
by Johan Fredrik Martin after Elias Martin 1778
(The British Museum)
by Robert Laurie, Published by John Smirth after Robert Dighton
1779
(The British Museum)
 “SUNDAY EVENING”
by John Nixon Published by William Wells 1780
(The British Museum)
 “MY GRANDFATHER SMOKING”
by Robert Mitchell Meadows after Henry Morland c. 1780 - 1812
(The British Museum)
 “OLD DARBY and JOAN”
by Carington Bowles c. 1780 - 1790
(The British Museum)
 “A STUDENT of the STABLE”
by John Raphael Smith after Benjamin van der Gucht 1783
(The British Museum)
 “A STUDENT of the STABLE”
by John Raphael Smith after Benjamin van der Gucht 1783
(The British Museum)
“Blessed are the PEACE MAKERS”
Elizabeth Darchery 1783
(The British Museum)
 A Tavern Scene
by Anonymous c. 1785
(The British Museum)
“The VICAR and MOSES”
by Bowles & Carver c. 1785
(The British Museum)
Unknown
 TOBY FILLPOT
by Carington Bowles 1786
(Lewis Walpole Library)
 TOBY FILLPOT
by Carington Bowles 1786
 TOBY FILLPOT
by Carington Bowles 1786
(The British Museum)
 Smoking & Drinking
Late 18th Century Mezzotint
(Wellcome Library)
 Red Clay
Tobacco Pipes
 Clay Pipe
Possibly Made by Robert Cotton Who Arrived in Jamestown, Virginia in 1608
17th Century
(Historic Jamestown)
Jamestown Pipes and Fragments of a “Sagger”, a Small, Clay, Pipemaking Oven
c. 1608 - 1610
(Jamestown Rediscovery, Photo Michael Levin)
Jamestown Pipes and Fragments of a “Sagger”, a Small, Clay, Pipemaking Oven
c. 1608 - 1610
(Jamestown Rediscovery, Photo Michael Levin)
 Pipe of Virginia Red Clay
2nd Quarter 17th Century Chesapeake Valley
 A Pipe of Virginia Red Clay
17th Century Chesapeake Valley
Redware Pipe Remnants Recovered from the Garrett House Site in Charlestown, Massachusetts
c. 1640 - 1660
(City of Boston Archeology Program)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
 Moravian Brass Redware Pipe Mold
Probably by Gottfried Aust of Bethabara, North Carolina c. 1756 - 1770
(Crocker Pottery)
White Pipe - Clay
Tobacco Pipes
English White Ball Clay Pipe Excavated in Jamestown, Virginia
c. 1610
 Tobacco Pipes
c. 1640 - 1660 & 1660 - 1680
(Museum of London)
 Tobacco Pipe
c. 1700 - 1730
(The British Museum)
English (?) Tobacco Pipe
c. 1700 - 1730
(The British Museum)
English (?) Tobacco Pipe
c. 1700 - 1730
(The British Museum)
English Tobacco Pipe
c. 1700 - 1730
(The British Museum)
English Tobacco Pipe
c. 1700 - 1730
(The British Museum)
 European White Clay Tobacco Pipes and an American Pipe Found in Pennsylvania
Recovered at Governor Printz’s Mansion, Printzhof, on Tinicum Island, in Essendon, Delaware County, Pennsylvania,
Prinzhof Burned in 1645 and was Later Rebuilt
(This Week in Archeology Blog / Pennsylvania Historical Commission)
Trade Card for Sarah Greenland, London Pipe Maker
c. 1725 - 1775
(The British Museum)
“Potter de Terre...”
Denis Diderot
 Clay Pipe
Excavated from a Cesspit on the Site of Tom's Coffee House
In Wood Street, Just off Cheapside
18th Century
(Museum of London)
 Clay Pipe
Recovered from the Site of John Carnes, 18th Century Boston Pewterer
(City of Boston Archeology Program)
 English Clay Pipe Marked “HM” - Possibly for Hemptstead Mules
Found at Mount Vernon, Virginia - Excavated from Phase I Layer, South Grove Midden c. 1735 - 1758
(Mount Vernon)
 English Clay Pipe Marked “CB” - Possibly for Charles Buckler
Found at Mount Vernon, Virginia - Excavated from Phase I Layer, South Grove Midden c. 1735 - 1758
(Mount Vernon)
 English Clay Pipe Marked “WN” - Possibly for William Manby
Found at Mount Vernon, Virginia - Excavated from the Slave Quarters / House for Families c. 1759 - 1769
(Mount Vernon - Culture Impressed)
 English Clay Pipe Marked “WN” - Possibly for William Manby
Found at Mount Vernon, Virginia - Excavated from the Slave Quarters / House for Families c. 1759 - 1769
(Mount Vernon - Culture Impressed)
 English Clay Pipe Marked “TD” - Possibly for Thomas Dormer
Found at Mount Vernon, Virginia - Excavated from the Slave Quarters / House for Families c. 1769 - 1779
(Mount Vernon - Culture Impressed)
 CM

Clay Pipe Marked “TD” with Hanoverian Coat of Arms

Found at Fort Frederick, Port Royal, South Carolina c. 1740
(University of South Carolina - Culture Impressed)
Tobacco Pipes
18th Century
Tobacco Pipes
18th Century
 Portion of Brick Containing a Mid 17th Century Pipe to Act as a Temper
Tempers were added to Pots & Other Ceramic Products to Prevent Them From Cracking or Shrinking During Firing
Albion Place
(Museum of London)
English Tobacco Pipes 1650-1750
English Tobacco Pipes Recovered from the 1785 Wreck of the General Carleton
(Polish Maritime Museum)
 Clay Pipes
From the Wreck of the Machault Sunk in the 1760 Battle of Restigouche in the Bay of Gaspé in Quebec Province
c. 1755 - 1760
(Parks Canada)
Clay Pipe from the Leverian Museum Owned by Sir Ashton Lever (1729 - 1788)
“Pipe dug up in a garden at Wigan 1769”
In an Album of 40 Watercolors Drawn by Sarah Stone c. 1780
(The British Museum)
 English Twisted Tobacco Pipe
History of Actual Use with Remnants of Red Wax
c. 1780 - 1820
(Museum of London Archeology)
Dutch Three Bowl Tobacco Pipe Found in Virginia
c. 1620
(Robert Hunter)
 Clay Pipe Tipping

During the 18th Century, clay pipes were occasionally tipped with a brown or
green lead glaze for lip comfort. They were also occasionally tipped with red
wax to make the practice of smoking more enjoyable. Although these practices
were fairly uncommon, they can be seen is some period contexts.

Red Wax Bar (?)

Red Wax Tip

“A Midnight Modern Conversation “
by William Hogarth c. 1732
(Yale Center for British Art)
Detail: “A Midnight Modern Conversation “
by William Hogarth c. 1732
(Yale Center for British Art)
 Mr. Oldman and His Guests
by Joseph Highmore c. 1735 - 1745
(Tate Gallery)
Portrait of a Gentleman
by Stephen Slaughter
 “Human Passions”
by John Collier
(Rochdale Arts & Heritage Services)
 Ebonized
Tobacco Pipes
Ebonized or Burnt Pipe
c. Late 17th Century
(London Mudlarks)
English Ebonized Tobacco Pipe and Yellow Copper Pipe Lids
Recovered from the 1785 Wreck of the General Carleton
(Polish Maritime Museum)
A Possible Ebonized Pipe as Seen in “Captain Lord George Graham in his Cabin”
by William Hogarth 1745
(National Maritime Museum)
Glazed Earthenware
Pipes
English Lead Glazed Earthenware Pipe from Staffordshire
c. 1770
(Victoria & Albert)
English Lead Glazed Earthenware Pipe from Staffordshire
c. 1770
(Victoria & Albert)
English Lead Glazed Earthenware Pipe from Staffordshire
c. 1775 - 1800
(Victoria & Albert)
Metal
Pipes
 English Pewter Pipe
c. 1770 - 1800
(Colonial Williamsburg)
English Wrought Iron Pipe
Late 18th Century
(Brunk Auctions)
English or Dutch Wrought Iron Pipe
c. 1750 - 1820
(Brunk Auctions)
 Wrought Iron Church Warden’s Pipe
Late 18th Century - Early 19th Century
(Skinner - The Howard Roth Collection)
 Wrought Iron Church Warden’s Pipe
Late 18th Century - Early 19th Century
(Skinner - The Howard Roth Collection)
Wrought Iron Church Warden’s Pipe
Late 18th Century
(Skinner)
English or Dutch Twisted Wrought Iron “Churchwarden” Pipe
Late 18th - Early 19th Century
(Private Collection)
 Brass Sheet Metal Pipes Recovered in Ohio
Late 18th Century
(Private Collection - Photograph Courtesy Greg Shipley)
German Pipes
German Carved Wood with Mother of Pearl Pipe Bowl
Late 17th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
Böttger Stoneware & Silver Gilt Tobacco Pipe Bowl from Meissen
c. 1710 - 1713
(The British Museum)
 Self Portrait
Johann Christian Thomas Winck (German, 1738-1797)
(Bonhams)
German Deer Antler, Horn, Leather & Silver Tobacco Pipe
c. 1740
(Metropolitan Museum of Art)
 German Porcelain Tobacco Pipe Bowl
Nymphemburg Manufactory 18th Century
(Getty Images -Museo Correale Di Terranova Art Museum)
 German Porcelain Tobacco Pipe Bowl
Ludwigsburg Manufactory c. Mid - Late 18th Century
(Pijpenkabinet / Amsterdam)
 German Hard Paste Porcelain Tobacco Pipe Bowl
Meissen Porcelain Factory c. 1750 - 1755 with Later Mounts
(Victoria & Albert)
German Hard Paste Porcelain Tobacco Pipe Bowl
c. 1765
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Silver Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Brass Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood & Brass Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Carved Wood Pipe Bowl
18th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
German Iron Pipe Bowl
17th Century
(Victoria & Albert)
Miscellaneous
 Pipe Smoker
by Paul Sandby
(The Royal Collection)
Chinese Pipe Maker Print Made for the European Market
c. 1790
(Victoria & Albert)
 Dental
Manifestations
Wear and Peri-Apical Infection Caused from the Chronic use of a Clay Pipe
(Not to mention Severe Periodontitis)
Patuxent Point Site, Calvert County, Maryland c. 1660 - 1680
(Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution)
 Acknowledgements

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- The 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center