Military - American War For Independence - Seeds of Liberty

18th Century Material Culture
The American Revolution

The Seeds of Liberty
John & Abigail

Adams
John Adams
by Benjamin Blyth c. 1766
(The Massachusetts Historical Society)
John Adams
by John Singleton Copley (post 1783)
(Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
His Exc.y JOHN ADAMS ESQ.R

by John Norman - The Boston Magazine by Norman & White 1784
(Library of Congress)
Mrs. John Adams (Abigail Smith)

by Benjamin Blyth c. 1766
Letter from John Adams to Abigail Smith Regarding Marriage c. 1762

One of the Numerous Letters Between John and Adams and Abigail Smith, Later Abigail Adams Between 1762 - 1801
John Adams Birthplace

Quincy Massachusetts
Samuel Adams
Samuel Adams - Pointing to the Charter of Massachusetts

by John Singleton Copley c. 1772
Mr. SAMUEL ADAMS.

by Paul Revere 1774
(Yale University Art Gallery)
Mr. SAMUEL ADAMS.

by Paul Revere for the Royal American Magazine 1775
(American Antiquarian Society)
John Hancock
John Hancock
by John Singleton Copley 1765
John Hancock
by John Singleton Copley c. 1770 - 1772
(Massachusetts Historical Society)
THE HON.BLE JOHN HANCOCK ESQ.R

by William Smith after J.S. Copley 1775
(The British Museum)
THE HON.BLE JOHN HANCOCK ESQ.R

After J.S. Copley c. 1775
The Hon.ble John Hancock. of BOSTON in NEW ENGLAND, PRESIDENT of the AMERICAN CONGRESS.
Published by C. Shepherd after Wilkinson 1775
The Hon.ble John Hancock. of BOSTON in NEW ENGLAND, PRESIDENT of the AMERICAN CONGRESS.
Published by C. Shepherd after Wilkinson 1775
JEAN HANCOCK. President au Congres des XIII Provinces unies d'Amerique n Boston
by John Morris after Wilkinson c. 1775
The Hon.ble JOHN HANCOCK.

by C. Shepherd after Littleford c. 1775
(Bonhams - William H. Guthman Collection)
The Hon.ble JOHN HANCOCK. Esq.r

by Paul Revere for the Royal American Magazine 1775
(American Antiquarian Society)
ATETE a TETE between The PREMIER & Jn. HANCOCK esqr.

London 1778
Mrs. John Hancock (Dorothy Quincy Hancock)

Lydia Henchman Hancock

Born in Philadelphia, 1776. Died in Boston, 1777
The Hancock - Clarke House

Lexington, Massachusetts
James Otis, Jr.

Taxation Without Representation is Tyranny
Boston Attorney James Otis, Jr.

by Henry Blackburn 1755
Taxation Without Representation is Tyranny
BOSTON ALMANACK
THE RIGHTS of the British Colonies Asserted and proved. By James Otis, Esq;
Printed by Edes & Gill of Boston 1764
(Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress)
Boston Attorney, James Otis, Sr.

(Wichita Art Museum, Wichita, Kansas)
Dr. Joseph Warren
Dr. Joseph Warren

Dr. Joseph Warren at Bunker Hill

1775
Mrs. Joseph Warren (Elizabeth Hooton)

by the Circle of John Singleton Copley c. 1772
Lady in a Blue Dress - Possibly Miss Mercy Scollay of Boston, Fiancee to Dr. Joseph Warren
by John Singleton Copley
(Terra Foundation Museum, Chicago)
Paul Revere
Paul Revere
by John Singleton Copley c. 1768 - 1770
Mrs. Paul Revere (Rachel Walker)

by Joseph Dunkerley c. 1784
William Dawes
William Dawes
by John Johnston, c. 1785 - 95
(Evanston Historical Center, Evanston, Illinois)
The Sugar Act

1764
George Grenville, First Lord of the Treasury & Prime Minister

by William Hoare
(Christ Church, University of Oxford)
George Grenville, First Lord of the Treasury & Prime Minister

It is just and necessary, that a revenue be raised, in your Majesty's said dominions in America,
for defraying the expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same (1764)
Acts of Parliament - The Molasses Act of 1733 & Sugar Act of 1764
Printed by the Kings Printer in London and Richard Draper of Boston in 1764
The Currency Act

1764
The Massachusetts Gazette: May 17, 1764

"Extract of a letter from one of the council of Boston, in New-England, to a merchant in London"
The Currency Act

An Act to prevent Paper Bills of Credit, hereafter to be issued in any of His Majestys Colonies or Plantations in America
Printed in London: Mark Baskett 1764
Boston Harbor
by Lieutenant Richard Byron 1764
THE RIGHTS OF THE COLONIES EXAMINED

by Rhode Island Governor, Stephen Hopkins 1764 - Printed 1765
THE RIGHTS OF THE COLONIES EXAMINED

by Rhode Island Governor, Stephen Hopkins 1764
The Stamp Act

Debated
Charles Townshend - Member of Parliament & Chancellor of the Exchequer

by Sir Joshua Reynolds 1765
Colonel Isaac Barre, Whig Member of Parliament Who Opposed the Stamp Act - Coiner of the term Freeborn Sons of Liberty
by Douglas Hamilton c. 1765
The Stamp Act

Passes Parliament March 22, 1765
Eective Date: November 1, 1765
The Sons of Liberty Respond
The Stamp Act is Introduced

1765
Proof Sheet of One Penny Stamps

by the Board of Stamps, 10 May 1765
(The British Library)
Detail: One Penny Stamps

Consisting of a Mantle, St. Edwards Crown Encircled by the Order of the Garter, and a Scepter and Sword
Marked America and the Denomination of One Penny Below
At Base is the Number of the Individual Die
by the Board of Stamps, 10 May 1765
(The British Library)
American Tax Stamp

by the Board of Stamps c. 1765 - 1766
Two Pence Stamp
Embossed American Tax Stamp on Legal Paper

With the passing of the Stamp Act on the 22nd of March, 1765, the American Colonies were required by British Law to
use British produced Legal Paper embossed with a Tax Stamp for all of their Legal Documents & Masthead
Newspapers. This is an example of such paper that arrived in Savannah, Georgia aboard His Majestys Ship, the
Speedwell, on the 5th of December, 1765.
(Digital Library of Georgia)
English Stamps on American Goods

by the Board of Stamps, 1765
This is the Place to ax the Stamp

October 24, 1765
Massachusetts Gazette: November 21, 1765

Liberty and No Stamp Act
Dispatch or Document Box Stamped with the Royal Cipher and Crown
18th Century
(Bonhams - William H. Guthman Collection)
Boston Newspaper Advertisement

2 July, 1765
The STATE of the NATION An: Dom: 1765 - England Leans Against an Angry America
London 1765
(John Carter Brown Library, Brown University)
The STATE of the NATION An: Dom: 1765 - England Leans Against an Angry America
London 1765
The last SHIFT - Criticism of Lord Bute, John Stuart, King George III
London 1765
The last SHIFT - Criticism of Lord Bute, John Stuart, King George III
London 1765
The Great Financier, or British OEconomy for the Years 1763, 1764, 1765.
London 1765
London 1765
London 1765
SIX MEDALLIONS shewing the chief national servises of his new Friends the old ministry. INSCRIBED TO E[ar]l T[empl]e.
London 1765
London 1765
London 1765
London 1765
THE DEPLORABLE STATE of AMERICA or SC[OTC]H GOVERNMENT.

London 1765

London 1765

London 1765
A South East View of the Great Town of BOSTON in New England in America
byJohn Carwitham c. 1765
(Harvard Art Museum / Fogg Museum)
A South East View of the CITY of BOSTON in North America

Printed by Bowles & Carver after John Carwitham c. 1765
(Yale Center for British Art)
Boston Merchant Andrew Oliver

Commissioned to Administer the Stamp Act in Massachusetts & Hung in Egy on the Liberty Tree, August 14, 1765
Detail: London Chronicle Article Reporting the Hanging of the Egy of Andrew Oliver on August 14, 1765
October 10, 1765
(Rag Linen)
Andrew Oliver, Jr.

Liberty and no Stamp - Act

The Massachusetts Gazette - 21 November 1765
Liberty and no Stamp - Act

The Massachusetts Gazette - 21 November 1765
Handbill by the Sons of Liberty

THIS DAY, to hear the public Resignation, under Oath, of ANDREW OLIVER, Esq; Distributo of Stamps for the Province of the Massachusetts - Bay
December 17, 1765

Philadelphia Broadside
Late 1765 - January 1766
(Historical Society of Pennsylvania)
A VIEW OF the YEAR 1765

by Paul Revere
Boston Gazette Advertisement for Paul Reveres Print: A VIEW OF the YEAR 1765
Boston Gazette - Published January 27, 1766
(Rag Linen)
Boston Gazette: February 24, 1766

The Badge of Slavery
The EXAMINATION of Doctor BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, before an August Assembly relating to the Repeal of the STAMP - ACT, &c.
London 1766
The Stamp Act

Repealed
March 18, 1766
GLORIOUS NEWS.
Declaration of the Passing of the Marquis of Rockinghams Motion to Repeal the Stamp Act: Boston Reprint of May 16, 1766
New York Broadside

May 20, 1766
(Early American Imprints, American Antiquarian Society)
THE REPEAL Or the Funeral Procession of MISS AMERIC - STAMP.

London, 1766
Repeal of the Stamp Act

Funeral procession with harbor in the background. Images include: Duke of
Bedford; John Stuart, Earl of Bute(Sejanus); ships named for H. S. Conway, the
Duke of Grafton, and Marquis Rockingham; George Grenville (Mr. George
Stamp); George Montagu Dunk, Earl of Halifax; Sir Fletcher Norton, Baron
Grantley; John Montagu, Earl Sandwich (Jemmy Twitcher); Dr. W. Scott (AntiSejanus); Earl Temple (Lord Gawkee); Alexander Wedderburn, Solicitor General.

London, 1766

London, 1766
(Princeton University)
THE REPEAL Or THE FUNERAL OF THE MIS AME - STAMP

George Grenville Carries a Childs Con Marked Born 1765, Died 1766 London 1766
THE REPEAL Or THE FUNERAL OF THE MIS AME - STAMP

by Carington Bowles, London 1766
(Metropolitan Museum of Art)
The STATUE, or the ADORATION of the WISE - MEN of the - WEST

London, 21 April, 1766
A View of the Obelisk Erected under LIBERTY - TREE in Boston On the Rejoicing of the Repeal of the -- Stamp Act 1766
by Paul Revere 1766
The TRIUMPH of America - William Pitt Drives a Carriage Carrying America

London 1766
The TRIUMPH of America - William Pitt Drives a Carriage Carrying America

London 1766
COMMON - WEALTH The COLOSSUS

Sold by T. Ewart 1766
(European Political Print Collection - American Antiquarian Society)
Goody Bull or the Second Part of the Repeal.

London 1766

London 1766

London 1766
William Pitt Repeal of the Stamp Act Medal

c. 1766
(Stacks)
Anti - Stamp Act Button

Recovered in New Hampshire
(Private Collection)
William Pitt Stamp Act Repealed - March 18 1766 Dispatch or Document Box Covered in Leather
1766
(James D. Julia Auctions)
1766
1766
1766
1766
1766
English Tin Glazed Earthenware Punch Bowl

c. 1765 - 1766
English Tin Glazed Earthenware Punch Bowl

c. 1765 - 1766
English Lead Glazed Earthenware Teapot, Possibly by the Cockpit Hill Factory of Derby, England
Made in London for Export to the American Colonies after the Repeal of the Stamp Act c. 1766 - 1770
(National Museum of American History - Smithsonian Institution)
English Lead Glazed Earthenware Teapot

(Kamm Teapot Foundation)

(Kamm Teapot Foundation)
(Metropolitan Museum of Art)

(Peabody Essex Museum)

(Private Collection)
Psalm Book of Merchant Gilbert DeBlois, Member of Kings Chapel

Opposed the Sons of Liberty the decade following the Stamp Act Crisis, Fled Boston when British Troops abandoned Boston in 1776
(Museum of the American Revolution)
THE WHEEL of FORTUNE or ENGLAND in TEARS.

London 1766
The Townshend Act

Passed by Parliament June 29, 1767
An Act of Parliament, Passed in the Seventh Year of the Reign of Our Sovereign Lord GEORGE the Third.
An Act for granting certain Duties in the British Colonies and Plantations in America; ...
An Act of Parliament, Passed in the Seventh Year of the Reign of Our Sovereign Lord GEORGE the Third.
An Act for granting certain Duties in the British Colonies and Plantations in America; ...
The Colonies Reduced / Its Comparison

1767
The Colonies Reduced Its Comparison

1767
The Colonies Reduced Its Comparison

1767
La Grande Bretagne motile; Das verstunelte Britanien.

1767 - 1768
At a Meeting of the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of the Town of Boston,

legally assembled at Faneuil-Hall, on Wednesday the 28th of October, 1767.
Non - Importation Pledge of Bostonians - October 28, 1767
(Houghton Library - Harvard University)







News of the Non-Importation Pledge Quickly Reaches London - The London Chronicle
December 12, 1767
December 12, 1767
December 12, 1767
Address to the LADIES.

page 3 of The Boston Post-Boy & Advertiser, Number 535, 16 November 1767
A JACK IN OFFICE
A Custom Ocer Published by Bowles & Carver, after Robert Dighton c. 1766 - 1790
"A Circulatory Letter, directed to the Speakers of the respective Houses of Representatives and Burgesses on this Continent ...
February 11, 1768
The LIBERTY SONG - In FREEDOM were born &c.

by John Dickinson as Printed inThe BOSTON CHRONICLE Aug. 29 - S ept. 5 1768
Come, join hand in hand, brave Americans all,

And rouse your bold hearts at fair Liberty's call;
No tyrannous acts shall suppress your just claim,
Or stain with dishonor America's name.
Chorus:
In Freedom we're born and in Freedom we'll live.
Our purses are ready. Steady, friends, steady;
Not as slaves, but as Freemen our money we'll give.
Our worthy forefathers, let's give them a cheer,
To climates unknown did courageously steer;
Thro' oceans to deserts for Freedom they came,
And dying, bequeath'd us their freedom and fame.
Chorus
Their generous bosoms all dangers despis'd,
So highly, so wisely, their Birthrights they priz'd;
We'll keep what they gave, we will piously keep,
Nor frustrate their toils on the land and the deep.
Chorus
The tree their own hands had to Liberty rear'd;
They lived to behold growing strong and revered;
With transport they cried, "Now our wishes we gain,
For our children shall gather the fruits of our pain."
Chorus
Swarms of placemen and pensioners soon will appear
Like locusts deforming the charms of the year;
Suns vainly will rise, showers vainly descend,
If we are to drudge for what others shall defend.
Chorus
Then join hand in hand, brave Americans all,
By uniting we stand, by dividing we fall;
In so righteous a cause let us hope to succeed,
For heaven approves of each generous deed.
Chorus
All ages shall speak with amaze and applause,
Of the courage we'll show in support of our Laws;
To die we can bear, but to serve we disdain.
For shame is to Freedom more dreadful than pain.
Chorus
This bumper I crown for our Sovereign's health,
And this for Britannia's glory and wealth;
That wealth and that glory immortal may be,
If She is but Just, and if we are but Free.
The LIBERTY SONG - In FREEDOM were born &c.

by John Dickinson as Printed inThe BOSTON CHRONICLE Aug. 29 - S ept. 5 1768
John Dickinson
by Charles Wilson Peale c. 1770
Boston, September 14, 1768. Gentlemen, You are already too well acquainted with the melancholly and
very alarming circumstances to which this province, as well as America in general, is now reduced ...
WILLIAM JACKSON an IMPORTER; at the BRAZEN HEAD

c. 1768 - 1770
An Attempt to land a Bishop in Amercia.

1768
Lord God Omnipotent

by Paul Revere 1768
(American Antiquarian Society - The Revere Collection)
Sons of Liberty Bowl

by Paul Revere 1768
Acknowledgements
The material contained within these slideshows is presented for educational purposes only. The
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depicted herein and is indebted to the countless museums, libraries, and private collectors who
willingly share their collections with the public through the internet. Every attempt has been
made to credit these organizations and individuals for their contributions as best as possible.
If there is a question you have regarding a particular item featured within a presentation, please
contact the 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center and we will try to answer your
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- The 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center

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18th Century Material Culture

The American Revolution

John & Abigail

His Exc.y JOHN ADAMS ESQ.R

Mrs. John Adams (Abigail Smith)

Letter from John Adams to Abigail Smith Regarding Marriage c. 1762

John Adams Birthplace

Samuel Adams - Pointing to the Charter of Massachusetts

Mr. SAMUEL ADAMS.

Mr. SAMUEL ADAMS.

THE HON.BLE JOHN HANCOCK ESQ.R

THE HON.BLE JOHN HANCOCK ESQ.R

The Hon.ble JOHN HANCOCK.

The Hon.ble JOHN HANCOCK. Esq.r

ATETE a TETE between The PREMIER & Jn. HANCOCK esqr.

Mrs. John Hancock (Dorothy Quincy Hancock)

Lydia Henchman Hancock

The Hancock - Clarke House

James Otis, Jr.

Boston Attorney James Otis, Jr.

Boston Attorney, James Otis, Sr.

Dr. Joseph Warren

Dr. Joseph Warren

Dr. Joseph Warren at Bunker Hill

Mrs. Joseph Warren (Elizabeth Hooton)

Mrs. Paul Revere (Rachel Walker)

The Sugar Act

George Grenville, First Lord of the Treasury & Prime Minister

George Grenville, First Lord of the Treasury & Prime Minister

The Currency Act

The Massachusetts Gazette: May 17, 1764

The Currency Act

THE RIGHTS OF THE COLONIES EXAMINED

THE RIGHTS OF THE COLONIES EXAMINED

The Stamp Act

Charles Townshend - Member of Parliament & Chancellor of the Exchequer

The Stamp Act

The Stamp Act is Introduced

Proof Sheet of One Penny Stamps

Detail: One Penny Stamps

American Tax Stamp

Two Pence Stamp

Embossed American Tax Stamp on Legal Paper

English Stamps on American Goods

This is the Place to ax the Stamp

Massachusetts Gazette: November 21, 1765

Boston Newspaper Advertisement

THE DEPLORABLE STATE of AMERICA or SC[OTC]H GOVERNMENT.

THE DEPLORABLE STATE of AMERICA or SC[OTC]H GOVERNMENT.

THE DEPLORABLE STATE of AMERICA or SC[OTC]H GOVERNMENT.

A South East View of the CITY of BOSTON in North America

Boston Merchant Andrew Oliver

Andrew Oliver, Jr.

Liberty and no Stamp - Act

Liberty and no Stamp - Act

Handbill by the Sons of Liberty

December 17, 1765

A VIEW OF the YEAR 1765