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    Vessel Design

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    NazrinaazAhmad
    This document details the design of a pressure reactor vessel for producing terephthalic acid. The reactor operates at 440°F and 300 psig. Calculations show the minimum wall thickness is 29.2mm including corrosion allowance. Stress analysis of the vessel indicates stresses are below allowable limits. A hemispherical dome and skirt supports are designed to withstand pressure and wind loads. The overall design meets ASME BPV Code standards.

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    Vessel Design

    Uploaded by

    NazrinaazAhmad
    78 views26 pages
    This document details the design of a pressure reactor vessel for producing terephthalic acid. The reactor operates at 440°F and 300 psig. Calculations show the minimum wall thickness is 29.2mm including corrosion allowance. Stress analysis of the vessel indicates stresses are below allowable limits. A hemispherical dome and skirt supports are designed to withstand pressure and wind loads. The overall design meets ASME BPV Code standards.

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    This document details the design of a pressure reactor vessel for producing terephthalic acid. The reactor operates at 440°F and 300 psig. Calculations show the minimum wall thickness is 29.2mm including corrosion allowance. Stress analysis of the vessel indicates stresses are below allowable limits. A hemispherical dome and skirt supports are designed to withstand pressure and wind loads. The overall design meets ASME BPV Code standards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    78 views26 pages

    Vessel Design

    Uploaded by

    NazrinaazAhmad
    This document details the design of a pressure reactor vessel for producing terephthalic acid. The reactor operates at 440°F and 300 psig. Calculations show the minimum wall thickness is 29.2mm including corrosion allowance. Stress analysis of the vessel indicates stresses are below allowable limits. A hemispherical dome and skirt supports are designed to withstand pressure and wind loads. The overall design meets ASME BPV Code standards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    REACTOR DESIGN FOR

    PRODUCTION OF TEREPHTALIC
    ACID

    Members: AHMAD NAZRI BIN NASRUDDIN


    : MUHAMMAD AFFIFUDIN BIN SOHAINI
    : AISYAH NUR ADDIA BINTI AZIZAN
    : MUHAMMAD HAFEEZ BIN AZHAR
    : MUHAMMAD FAHMI BIN ZAVAWI
    : NOOR AMILIA BINTI KHOSIM

    Introduction
    Terephthalic acid is an organic compound
    Used principally as a precursor to the
    polyester PET
    Material to make clothing and plastic bottles

    Process description
    Produced by the Amoco process; the oxidation
    of pxylene by oxygen in air
    Uses a cobalt-manganese-bromide as catalyst
    Feed mixture containing p-xylene, acetic acid,
    the catalyst system, and compressed air is fed to
    a reactor

    Pressure vessel

    Overall PFD

    Pressure Vessel Design


    Operating Conditions:

    Diameter
    =2m
    Height
    =5m
    Operating temperature = 400 F, 204.4 C
    Operating pressure
    = 300 psig

    New Operating Conditions

    Taking 10% margin of the normal operating


    condition
    New Diameter
    = 2.2 m
    New Height
    = 5.5 m
    New temperature
    = 440 F, 224.84C
    New Operating pressure
    = 2.167 N/mm2
    Design Stress(Table 13.2)
    = 88.9429
    N/mm2

    Minimum Thickness of reactor wall

    t = 27.2 mm
    Including corrosion allowance = 2mm
    t = 29.2 mm

    Dead Weight of Vessel


    Weight of Shell

    Weight of Shell = 120.9 kN


    Weight of Insulator

    Weight of Insulator = 4.8 kN


    Total Weight

    = 125.7 kN

    Wind Loading
    Mean diameter
    Mean diameter= 2.4 m
    Loading (per linear meter)
    Loading (per linear meter)

    = 3072 N/m

    Bending moment

    Bending moment

    = 46464 Nm

    Analysis of Stress
    Reactor must be designed to withstand the worst
    combinations of loading without failure
    Total longitudinal stress, Z is calculated by
    summing up the longitudinal stress, L, dead
    weight stress, w and bending stress, b.
    Resultant stress from all loads determined to
    ensure that the maximum allowable stress
    intensity is not exceeded at any point.

    Upwind side
    81.6 40.62 = 40.98 N/mm2
    Downwind side
    81.6 39.8 = 41.8 N/mm2

    The greatest difference between the principal


    stresses will be on the downwind side which is
    equal to 41.8 N/mm2.
    It is below the maximum allowable design stress,
    S which is 88.9429 N/mm2.
    The value is acceptable.

    Design of Domed End


    Hemispherical head thickness

    Torispherical head thickness

    Ellipsoidal head thickness

    Ellipsoidal head is chosen as it is nearest to the


    wall thickness, 29.2 mm

    Design of flat ends


    To determine the thickness of flat ends

    Values for the design constant C and the nominal plate


    diameter De are given in the ASME BPV Code
    The flatend closures used was flangedonly end.
    The value of C is 0.1 and De is equal to Di which is 2200
    mm.

    Check elastic stability (Buckling)


    Critical buckling stress

    Below the critical buckling stress. Therefore, the


    design is acceptable.

    Vessel supports
    Depends on the size, shape and weight of the
    vessel
    Skirt supports are used as the vessel is in vertical
    position
    Designed to carry the weight of the vessel and
    contents
    A skirt support consists of a cylindrical or
    conical shell welded to the base of the vessel

    Skirt Design

    = 90
    Height of the skirt = 3 m
    Young Modulus for Stainless Steel 301, SS 304
    = 203 000 N/mm2

    = 88.94 N/mm2
    D
    = 2.2 m

    Weight of vessel

    = 125.7 kN

    Wind load = 3072 N/m = 3.072 kN/m


    The thickness of the skirt is assumed to be equal
    to the thickness of the vessel.

    Bending moment for skirt

    Bending stress in the skirt, bs

    Dead weight stress in the skirt, ws

    Longitudinal stress, L

    Resultant stress in the skirt

    Assume Eskirt = 1

    Both criteria are acceptable, with the buckling


    value of 2 mm and the CA thickness of 31.2 mm.

    CONCLUSION
    It is found that the design is satisfactory as the
    parameters are within the allowable values.
    The parameters are compared with the
    standards by the ASME Boiler and Pressure
    Vessel Code (the ASME BPV Code).

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