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    Venturi Meter

    Uploaded by

    Christopher Garcia
    The document describes a Venturi meter, which is a device used to measure fluid flow rate through a pipe. It works on the principles of Bernoulli's equation and continuity equation. The Venturi meter consists of a converging section, a throat section of minimum area, and a diverging section. As fluid flows through it, pressure decreases in the converging section and reaches a minimum in the throat section. The pressure difference is measured using a manometer and can be calibrated to determine flow rate. Venturi meters are commonly used to measure flow in industrial applications due to their accuracy and lack of moving parts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Venturi Meter

    Uploaded by

    Christopher Garcia
    503 views27 pages
    The document describes a Venturi meter, which is a device used to measure fluid flow rate through a pipe. It works on the principles of Bernoulli's equation and continuity equation. The Venturi meter consists of a converging section, a throat section of minimum area, and a diverging section. As fluid flows through it, pressure decreases in the converging section and reaches a minimum in the throat section. The pressure difference is measured using a manometer and can be calibrated to determine flow rate. Venturi meters are commonly used to measure flow in industrial applications due to their accuracy and lack of moving parts.

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    venturi meter

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    venturi meter

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    The document describes a Venturi meter, which is a device used to measure fluid flow rate through a pipe. It works on the principles of Bernoulli's equation and continuity equation. The Venturi meter consists of a converging section, a throat section of minimum area, and a diverging section. As fluid flows through it, pressure decreases in the converging section and reaches a minimum in the throat section. The pressure difference is measured using a manometer and can be calibrated to determine flow rate. Venturi meters are commonly used to measure flow in industrial applications due to their accuracy and lack of moving parts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    503 views27 pages

    Venturi Meter

    Uploaded by

    Christopher Garcia
    The document describes a Venturi meter, which is a device used to measure fluid flow rate through a pipe. It works on the principles of Bernoulli's equation and continuity equation. The Venturi meter consists of a converging section, a throat section of minimum area, and a diverging section. As fluid flows through it, pressure decreases in the converging section and reaches a minimum in the throat section. The pressure difference is measured using a manometer and can be calibrated to determine flow rate. Venturi meters are commonly used to measure flow in industrial applications due to their accuracy and lack of moving parts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    1

    VENTURI METER

    BASIC TERMS
    Flow Rate(v)

    Turbulent Flow
    Laminar Flow

    Fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations,


    discontinues.
    No disturbances in the flow, continues.

    DEFINITION & MAIN PARTS


    Venturimeter
    device used for
    measuring the rate of flow of a fluid flowing
    through a pipe.
    It consist of three parts,
    Converging part
    Throat
    Diverging part

    WORKING PRINCIPLE
    Venturi meter works under the principle of Bernoulli's
    equation and Continuity equation.

    Bernaullis Equation
    Continuity Equation
    Where, P
    V
    1
    2
    A1
    A2
    V1
    V2

    PV = a constant
    1A1V1 = 2A2V2

    Pressure
    Velocity
    Density of converging fluid
    Density of throat fluid
    Pipe area
    Throat area
    Velocity of converging fluid
    Velocity of throat

    TYPES OF VENTURIMETER
    Horizontal venturimeter

    Inclined venturimeter

    Vertical venturimeter

    10

    SOME ASSUMPTIONS TAKEN


    Incompressible fluids

    11

    EXPRESSION FOR RATE OF FLOW


    B(m2,2,p2,v2)
    A(m1,1,p1,v1)
    Z1

    Z2

    At pt:-A

    Datum
    At pt:-B

    P.E = g.z1

    P.E = g.z2

    V.E = v12

    V.E = v22

    Pre.E = P1/

    Pre.E = P2/

    12

    Energy equation (horizontal arrangement)


    g(Z1-Z2)+1/2(V12+V22)=(P2-P1)/
    If Z1=Z2

    (v12-v22)= (P2-P1)/ ----- (1)


    As per law at continuity
    A1V1=A2V2

    (since density is constant)

    V1= A2/A1 V2

    &

    V2= A1/A2 V1

    Sub V1 value in (1)

    [(A2/A1)*V22-V22]=P/
    V22=(A12/A22-A12) * 2P/

    13

    Q2=A2.V2= A1.A2 *

    2P/

    (A22-A12)

    Q 2P
    Theoretical--

    Original--

    Q2=M.(2Pg)/
    Q2=CdE M(2P)/
    M- velocity approach factor
    Q-over all volumetric flow rate
    Cd-coefficient of discharge
    E- thermal expansion factor

    14

    Q2 in terms of specific weight

    Q2=Cd . E . M . A2 2g{hm[(wm/w )-1]-(Zx-Zy)}

    Q2 in terms of specific gravity

    Q2=Cd.E.M.A22g {hm(sg-1)-(Zx-Zy)}

    15

    VENTURI METER V/S FLOW

    When a venturimeter is placed in a pipe carrying the fluid whose


    flow rate is to be measured, a pressure drop occurs between the
    entrance and throat of the venturimeter. This pressure drop is
    measured using a differential pressure sensor and when
    calibrated this pressure drop becomes a measure of flow rate.

    16

    CONSTRUCTION
    The entry of the venture is cylindrical in shape to match the size of
    the pipe through which fluid flows. This enables the venture to be
    fitted to the pipe.
    After the entry, there is a converging conical section with an
    included angle of 19 to 23.
    Following the converging section, there is a cylindrical section
    with minimum area called as the throat.
    After the throat, there is a diverging conical section with an
    included angle of 5 to 15.
    Openings are provided at the entry and throat of the venturi meter
    for attaching a differential pressure sensor.

    17

    MANOMETER
    The differential pressure sensor used here is
    Manometer.
    Manometer is a device to measure pressure.
    A common simple manometer consists of a U shaped
    tube of glass filled with some liquid.
    Manometers measure a pressure difference by
    balancing the weight of a fluid column between the two
    pressures of interest. Large pressure differences are
    measured with heavy fluids, such as mercury (high
    density).
    Small pressure differences, such as those experienced in
    experimental wind tunnels or venturi flowmeters are
    measured by lighter fluids such as water .

    18

    19

    OPERATION
    The fluid whose flow rate is to be measured enters the entry
    section of the venturi meter with a pressure P1.

    As the fluid flows into the converging section, its pressure


    keeps on reducing and attains a minimum value P2 when it
    enters the throat. That is, in the throat, the fluid pressure P2
    will be minimum.

    20

    The Manometer attached between the entry and throat section of


    the venturi meter records the pressure difference(P1-P2) which
    becomes an indication of the flow rate of the fluid through the
    pipe when calibrated.

    The diverging section has been provided to enable the fluid to


    regain its pressure and hence its kinetic energy. Lesser the angle
    of the diverging section, greater is the recovery.

    converging

    21

    22

    SAMPLE PROBLEM
    A horizontal venturimeter with 15 cm inlet . 7.5 cm throat is used for
    measurement of flow of water .The differential pressure between inlet
    and throat is 17.5 cm, when measured using U-TUBE manometer. Make
    the calculations for the water flow rate where Cd for venturi is 0.97.
    Specific gravity =13.6.
    Sol: Q2= Cd . E . M . A2 2g{ hm [(m/ )-1]}
    M=A1/A12-A22
    A1=*d2/4=*152/4=176.71 , A2=*d2/4=*7.52/4=44.178
    M= 1.03
    Q2=0.97

    * 1* 1.03* 44.1782*9.8*17.5(13.6-1)
    3

    23

    PRESSURE IN PIPELINE

    24

    APPLICATIONS
    1

    25

    ADVANTAGES
    1

    26

    DISADVANTAGES
    1

    27

    THANK YOU

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