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    The Rise of Fascism in Italy

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    Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy following World War 1 and a period of economic and political instability. As a former socialist, he broke with the party over its failure to support the war and formed his own fascist party. Using intimidation and violence, Mussolini and his black shirt militants were able to gain support and were eventually elected to parliament. In 1922, Mussolini staged the March on Rome, demanding changes to the government. Fearing unrest, King Victor Emmanuel II invited Mussolini to become prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated control and established a totalitarian fascist state, glorifying authority over individual rights.

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    The Rise of Fascism in Italy

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    46 views8 pages
    Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy following World War 1 and a period of economic and political instability. As a former socialist, he broke with the party over its failure to support the war and formed his own fascist party. Using intimidation and violence, Mussolini and his black shirt militants were able to gain support and were eventually elected to parliament. In 1922, Mussolini staged the March on Rome, demanding changes to the government. Fearing unrest, King Victor Emmanuel II invited Mussolini to become prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated control and established a totalitarian fascist state, glorifying authority over individual rights.

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    Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy following World War 1 and a period of economic and political instability. As a former socialist, he broke with the party over its failure to support the war and formed his own fascist party. Using intimidation and violence, Mussolini and his black shirt militants were able to gain support and were eventually elected to parliament. In 1922, Mussolini staged the March on Rome, demanding changes to the government. Fearing unrest, King Victor Emmanuel II invited Mussolini to become prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated control and established a totalitarian fascist state, glorifying authority over individual rights.

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    46 views8 pages

    The Rise of Fascism in Italy

    Uploaded by

    api-245498585
    Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy following World War 1 and a period of economic and political instability. As a former socialist, he broke with the party over its failure to support the war and formed his own fascist party. Using intimidation and violence, Mussolini and his black shirt militants were able to gain support and were eventually elected to parliament. In 1922, Mussolini staged the March on Rome, demanding changes to the government. Fearing unrest, King Victor Emmanuel II invited Mussolini to become prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated control and established a totalitarian fascist state, glorifying authority over individual rights.

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    The Rise of Fascism in

    Italy

    Fascism v. Totalitarianism
    fascism any centralized, authoritarian govt (that
    is not communist) whose policies glorify the state
    over the individual & are destructive to basic
    human rights
    a modern form of authoritarianism
    Glorification of authority

    Totalitarianism: a form of authoritarianism


    which tries to assert a total grip on society
    Eliminates any private space
    May or may not have fascist traits

    Enter: Mussolini
    (1918-1922)
    Italian
    disappointments in the
    peace settlements,
    especially failure to
    obtain Fiume,
    Dalmatian coast
    Economic crisis (191920)
    Growing disorder
    Wave of strikes
    Growing Socialist
    strength

    Difficulty of sustaining
    cabinets

    Former socialist
    Breaks with his party
    over its failure to
    support WWI

    Leader of Black Shirts


    Fascist party militants

    As a young man, Benito


    Mussolini had rejected
    socialism for extreme
    nationalism. He was a fiery
    and charismatic speaker.
    His followers, the Black Shirts,
    used intimidation & terror to
    oust elected officials.

    1921: fascists elected to parliament


    1922: March on Rome:
    King Victor Emmanuel II
    indecisive,fearing his army
    unreliable, invites Mussolini to
    form of government
    March on Rome a rally of
    tens of thousands of Fascists
    who marched on Rome in
    After the March on Rome,
    1922 to demand government
    Mussolini was asked
    changes

    to become Italys prime


    minister.

    The March on Rome

    For many in Italy, fascism promised a strong stable


    government and an end to the political feuding.
    Mussolini projected
    a sense of power
    and confidence
    that was welcome
    amid the disorder
    and despair of
    postwar Italy.

    Once Mussolini
    embarked on foreign
    conquest, Western
    democracies protested.

    builds support by changing positions,


    accommodating key groups
    Gains support of business by restricting unions
    Gains support of Church by
    abandoning anti-clerical positions
    embracing Catholicism,
    concluding Lateran pacts (1929)

    Fascist

    State is absolute,
    ideology
    Glorification of authority,
    promises to workers,
    peasants, businessman

    Fascists were sworn enemies of socialists and


    communists, yet they shared some goals.
    Fascists

    Communists

    Pursued nationalist goals

    Worked for international


    change

    Supported a society with


    defined classes

    Spoke of creating a classless


    society

    Blind devotion to the state

    Blind devotion to the state

    Used terror for power

    Used terror for power

    Flourished in economic hard


    times

    Flourished in economic hard


    times

    Rule by an elite

    Rule by an elite

    P. 759

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