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    Stop Motion Animation Techniques and Developments PDF

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    This document discusses the history and techniques of stop motion animation. It begins by explaining how persistence of vision creates the illusion of movement from individual frames. Next, it profiles several pioneers who developed early animation devices, including the phenakistoscope, zoetrope, and praxinoscope. The document then covers the development of cinema animation and notable stop motion animators and studios like Willis O'Brien and Aardman Animations. It concludes by noting how animation has advanced significantly from its origins and is now widely used in television, advertising, and feature films.

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    Stop Motion Animation Techniques and Developments PDF

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    This document discusses the history and techniques of stop motion animation. It begins by explaining how persistence of vision creates the illusion of movement from individual frames. Next, it profiles several pioneers who developed early animation devices, including the phenakistoscope, zoetrope, and praxinoscope. The document then covers the development of cinema animation and notable stop motion animators and studios like Willis O'Brien and Aardman Animations. It concludes by noting how animation has advanced significantly from its origins and is now widely used in television, advertising, and feature films.

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    This document discusses the history and techniques of stop motion animation. It begins by explaining how persistence of vision creates the illusion of movement from individual frames. Next, it profiles several pioneers who developed early animation devices, including the phenakistoscope, zoetrope, and praxinoscope. The document then covers the development of cinema animation and notable stop motion animators and studios like Willis O'Brien and Aardman Animations. It concludes by noting how animation has advanced significantly from its origins and is now widely used in television, advertising, and feature films.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    760 views22 pages

    Stop Motion Animation Techniques and Developments PDF

    Uploaded by

    api-311065485
    This document discusses the history and techniques of stop motion animation. It begins by explaining how persistence of vision creates the illusion of movement from individual frames. Next, it profiles several pioneers who developed early animation devices, including the phenakistoscope, zoetrope, and praxinoscope. The document then covers the development of cinema animation and notable stop motion animators and studios like Willis O'Brien and Aardman Animations. It concludes by noting how animation has advanced significantly from its origins and is now widely used in television, advertising, and feature films.

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    of 22

    Stop Motion Animation

    Techniques and
    Developments
    BY JAMIE BRELSFORD

    Introduction

    Why we see motion

    How we used this to create moving images

    The Scopes and Tropes

    The development of this up to the present day in animation.

    Introduction

    Animation : The technique of Photographing successive drawings or


    positions of puppet models to create an illusion of movement when
    the film is shown as a sequence.

    Computer Animation : The manipulation of electronic images by


    means of a computer in order to create moving images.

    Persistence of vision

    The theory of persistence of vision.

    Retina holds light for a fraction of a second


    Before receiving the next bit of light

    This makes frames blur together creating the illusion of movement

    Frames

    Frames are the singular images used in a sequence to present


    movement

    They are measured in frames per second (FPS)

    The more frames per second the smoother the motion

    To define images as a movie there needs to be 24 FPS

    The Hobbit used 60 FPS

    Pioneers : Joseph Plateau


    (Phenakitoscope)

    Pioneers : Joseph Plateau


    (Phenakitoscope)

    1832 - joseph and his sons introduced

    Independently invented by Simon von Stampfer

    Involved spinning a disc with slits in it whilst you looked into a mirror
    to see the illusion of movement

    Only one person could view the moving image at one time

    Pioneers : William Horner (Zoetrope)

    Pioneers : William Horner (Zoetrope)

    1834 William George Horner proposed more convenient device

    Based on the phenakitoscope

    It involved looking through slots into a drum that spun

    This let multiple people use it and also eliminated the need for a
    mirror

    Pioneers : Emile Reynaud


    (Praxinoscope),

    Pioneers : Emile Reynaud


    (Praxinoscope),

    1877 Emile Reynaud presented the Praxinoscope

    Adaptation to the Zoetrope

    Involved looking at a mirror that is central of the drum allowing you


    to see one moving image instead of several

    Pioneers : Edison (Kinetoscope)

    Pioneers : Edison (Kinetoscope)

    Invented by Thomas A. Edison and William Dickson in 1891

    It was a strip of film which passed an electric light

    Behind the peephole there was a spinning wheel with a narrow slit
    that acted as a shutter

    Allowed a momentary view of each of the 46 fames

    Willis Harold Obrien

    Born in Oakland, California

    Worked with clay models

    Forwarded stop motion animation in the


    industry

    Mainly known for creating King Kong

    TV Animation

    Animation has been used in several TV shows


    however it is most commonly found in
    children's

    One of the most well known stop motion


    show is called Shawn the sheep

    This simple show consists of the slight


    movement of clay to create the illusion of
    movement between frames.

    Shawn the sheep uses animation to provide


    entertainment to the TV.

    Advertising

    Advertising using stop motion animation to


    promote a product can be really creative
    and eye catching

    It was especially noticed in Hondas advert


    called Honda Paper

    This used the overlapping of paper to create


    a very unique advertisement

    Using animation helps create unique


    intresting adverts which can appeal to most
    people

    Cinema

    Animation is used in many films now


    with amazing special effects that
    sometimes seem so real

    These effects aid grasping the viewer


    into the film so that they can
    experience it to the full potential.

    The Hobbit is an example of this


    being very successful in capturing the
    viewers to aid their experience

    Aardman Animations

    Aardman was founded in 1972 by Peter Lord and David Sproxton

    They began by providing animated sequences for the BBC making shows such as
    Greeblies(1975) using clay animation

    This soon inspired the production of morph, a simple clay character

    They later received an Oscar for Parks short, Creature Comforts

    In December 1997 Aardman and Dreamworks announced that they would be


    making Chicken Run Aardmans first feature film

    Aardman Animations

    Known for creating stop motion animation


    films with clay.

    Aardman has gone on to make films such


    as flushed away and Wallace and Gromit

    Aardman films have made $971.8 million


    worldwide

    Conclusion

    Animation has come a long way

    Thank you for watching


    BY JAMIE BRELSFORD

    Bibliography

    http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/animation

    http://unit31companimation.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/persistence-ofvision-m1.html

    http://courses.ncssm.edu/gallery/collections/toys/html/exhibit07.ht
    m

    http://www.earlycinema.com/technology/zoetrope.html

    http://www.earlycinema.com/technology/praxinoscope.html

    http://www.earlycinema.com/technology/kinetoscope.html

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