India's workforce is predominantly in the unorganized sector, with 92% employed unofficially and only 20% of non-farm jobs existing in organized companies. While higher income non-farm sectors have more formal employment, agriculture remains largely informal regardless of economic class. Social security coverage is sparse for vulnerable groups. Recent policy changes, like lowering provident fund interest rates and shifting pension plans from guaranteed to contribution-based, reflect a pro-business approach that fails to help the poor afford protection. It is important to consider the welfare of contract and informal workers in developing supportive measures.
India's workforce is predominantly in the unorganized sector, with 92% employed unofficially and only 20% of non-farm jobs existing in organized companies. While higher income non-farm sectors have more formal employment, agriculture remains largely informal regardless of economic class. Social security coverage is sparse for vulnerable groups. Recent policy changes, like lowering provident fund interest rates and shifting pension plans from guaranteed to contribution-based, reflect a pro-business approach that fails to help the poor afford protection. It is important to consider the welfare of contract and informal workers in developing supportive measures.
India's workforce is predominantly in the unorganized sector, with 92% employed unofficially and only 20% of non-farm jobs existing in organized companies. While higher income non-farm sectors have more formal employment, agriculture remains largely informal regardless of economic class. Social security coverage is sparse for vulnerable groups. Recent policy changes, like lowering provident fund interest rates and shifting pension plans from guaranteed to contribution-based, reflect a pro-business approach that fails to help the poor afford protection. It is important to consider the welfare of contract and informal workers in developing supportive measures.
India's workforce is predominantly in the unorganized sector, with 92% employed unofficially and only 20% of non-farm jobs existing in organized companies. While higher income non-farm sectors have more formal employment, agriculture remains largely informal regardless of economic class. Social security coverage is sparse for vulnerable groups. Recent policy changes, like lowering provident fund interest rates and shifting pension plans from guaranteed to contribution-based, reflect a pro-business approach that fails to help the poor afford protection. It is important to consider the welfare of contract and informal workers in developing supportive measures.
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ABSTRACT
UNORGANISED SECTOR AND CONTRACT LABOUR
Indias workforce comprises nearly 92 per cent in the unorganized segment, with the entire farm sector falling under the informal category, while only one-fifth of the non-farmworkers are found in the organized segment. Estimates suggest that in the non-farm sectors, as we move up the income ladder, the share of the informal sector gradually declines. However, as far as the agricultural sector is concerned, irrespective of economic class, the share of the unorganized workforce remains flat. Further analysis reveals that the coverage of social security schemes has been extremely sparse among the economically and socially vulnerable sections. The prorich, pro-capital policy of the present regime is reflected in the recent downward revision of the interest rate to the subscribers of provident fund. Further, the move towards defined contributory schemes away from defined benefit schemes of pension funds is fraught with danger. Therefore, we argue that given the poor affordability and lack of an institutional mechanism, any design of social security that relies heavily on a contributory basis is bound to fail dismally. It is high time for us to ponder on the condition of contract labour in unorganized sector and take necessary and appropriate steps for their welfare and development. RISHABH SINGH (AUTHOR) AYUSHI (CO - AUTHOR)