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    Principle of GCMS

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    Khyarul Alam Fahim
    GC/MS combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify and quantify drugs. Gas chromatography separates drugs in a sample using a helium gas stream moving through a column. Each drug has a unique retention time. Mass spectrometry then fragments the drugs and analyzes the fragmentation patterns, which are also unique molecular fingerprints. An internal standard with similar chemical properties is added for quantification and qualification, and the ideal standard is a deuterated version of the drug to differentiate it during analysis. By using retention time, fragmentation pattern, and internal standard information, GC/MS provides multidimensional identification and is the leading confirmation method for forensic drug testing.

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    Principle of GCMS

    Uploaded by

    Khyarul Alam Fahim
    173 views1 page
    GC/MS combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify and quantify drugs. Gas chromatography separates drugs in a sample using a helium gas stream moving through a column. Each drug has a unique retention time. Mass spectrometry then fragments the drugs and analyzes the fragmentation patterns, which are also unique molecular fingerprints. An internal standard with similar chemical properties is added for quantification and qualification, and the ideal standard is a deuterated version of the drug to differentiate it during analysis. By using retention time, fragmentation pattern, and internal standard information, GC/MS provides multidimensional identification and is the leading confirmation method for forensic drug testing.

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    GC/MS combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify and quantify drugs. Gas chromatography separates drugs in a sample using a helium gas stream moving through a column. Each drug has a unique retention time. Mass spectrometry then fragments the drugs and analyzes the fragmentation patterns, which are also unique molecular fingerprints. An internal standard with similar chemical properties is added for quantification and qualification, and the ideal standard is a deuterated version of the drug to differentiate it during analysis. By using retention time, fragmentation pattern, and internal standard information, GC/MS provides multidimensional identification and is the leading confirmation method for forensic drug testing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    173 views1 page

    Principle of GCMS

    Uploaded by

    Khyarul Alam Fahim
    GC/MS combines gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify and quantify drugs. Gas chromatography separates drugs in a sample using a helium gas stream moving through a column. Each drug has a unique retention time. Mass spectrometry then fragments the drugs and analyzes the fragmentation patterns, which are also unique molecular fingerprints. An internal standard with similar chemical properties is added for quantification and qualification, and the ideal standard is a deuterated version of the drug to differentiate it during analysis. By using retention time, fragmentation pattern, and internal standard information, GC/MS provides multidimensional identification and is the leading confirmation method for forensic drug testing.

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    Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)

    GC/MS is a combination of two different analytical techniques, Gas Chromatography and


    Mass Spectrometry. GC/MS, with the use of internal standards, provides a
    multidimensional drug identification and quantitation procedure that is the leading
    confirmation method for forensic drug testing.
    Gas Chromatography (GC): Gas Chromatography is a technique used to separate drugs
    that might be present in a sample. The sample is injected into a long tubular column, the
    chromatography column. The drugs are swept through the column by a stream of
    helium gas. Drugs in a sample are separated from each other because some take
    longer to pass through the column than others. The process is like a race around a
    track: at the beginning the racers are all together in a group and at the end they are all
    separated with the fast ones finishing far in advance of the slow ones. A drugs
    individual chemical characteristic determines how long it will take to go through the
    chromatography column. The time it takes for any given drug to travel the length of the
    column is referred to as its retention time (RT). The RT for a given drug is an identifying
    characteristic.
    Mass Spectrometry (MS): The detector for the GC is the Mass Spectrometry (MS)
    detector. As a drug exits the end of the GC column it is fragmented by ionization and
    the fragments are sorted by mass to form a fragmentation pattern. Like the retention
    time (RT), the fragmentation pattern for a given drug is unique and therefore is an
    identifying characteristic of the drug. It is so specific that it is often referred to as the
    molecular fingerprint.
    Internal Standard (I.S.): An Internal Standard (I.S.) is a drug with similar chemical
    characteristics to the one being assayed. A precise amount of an I.S. is added to a
    sample before it is prepared so that the I.S. is prepared and analyzed in the identical
    way as the drug. During analysis, the signal produced by the I.S. is compared to the
    signal produced by the drug in question in order to quantify the drug and to qualify the
    assay. The ideal internal standard is a deuterated version of the drug in question.
    Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that has a mass of 1 atomic unit more than
    hydrogen. A deuterated drug is manufactured with one or more hydrogen atoms
    substituted with a deuterium atom. The deuterated I.S. exhibits the same chemical
    characteristics during the sample preparation, and the same RT during GC analysis as a
    non-deuterated drug, but can be differentiated by the MS detector due to the mass of the
    fragments. Only a GC/MS can utilize a deuterated I.S.
    The identification of a drug by its retention time (gas chromatography) and fragmentation
    pattern (mass spectrometry), along with sample specific information afforded by the
    presence of the deuterated IS combine to make GC/MS the foremost confirmation
    method for forensic drug testing.
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