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    Rotordynamics: Unit 3 - Modeling Coupling Misalignments: Motivation For Using Coupling Element

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    Farouk Hamdoon
    - The document discusses modeling coupling misalignments in rotordynamic systems using a penalty function coupling element. - The coupling element is represented as a stiff spring that links the displacements and rotations of two nodes, with the amount of coupling misalignment input as forces on the right-hand side of the finite element equations. - Realistic coupling stiffnesses can be calculated based on the lateral and angular deformations occurring at the coupling flanges, modeled as Airy stress functions for the flange material and geometry.

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    Rotordynamics: Unit 3 - Modeling Coupling Misalignments: Motivation For Using Coupling Element

    Uploaded by

    Farouk Hamdoon
    90 views9 pages
    - The document discusses modeling coupling misalignments in rotordynamic systems using a penalty function coupling element. - The coupling element is represented as a stiff spring that links the displacements and rotations of two nodes, with the amount of coupling misalignment input as forces on the right-hand side of the finite element equations. - Realistic coupling stiffnesses can be calculated based on the lateral and angular deformations occurring at the coupling flanges, modeled as Airy stress functions for the flange material and geometry.

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    - The document discusses modeling coupling misalignments in rotordynamic systems using a penalty function coupling element. - The coupling element is represented as a stiff spring that links the displacements and rotations of two nodes, with the amount of coupling misalignment input as forces on the right-hand side of the finite element equations. - Realistic coupling stiffnesses can be calculated based on the lateral and angular deformations occurring at the coupling flanges, modeled as Airy stress functions for the flange material and geometry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    90 views9 pages

    Rotordynamics: Unit 3 - Modeling Coupling Misalignments: Motivation For Using Coupling Element

    Uploaded by

    Farouk Hamdoon
    - The document discusses modeling coupling misalignments in rotordynamic systems using a penalty function coupling element. - The coupling element is represented as a stiff spring that links the displacements and rotations of two nodes, with the amount of coupling misalignment input as forces on the right-hand side of the finite element equations. - Realistic coupling stiffnesses can be calculated based on the lateral and angular deformations occurring at the coupling flanges, modeled as Airy stress functions for the flange material and geometry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Rotordynamics: Unit 3

    - Modeling Coupling
    Misalignments
    Bernhard Bettig
    Mechanical Design Research Lab
    Mechanical Engineering - Engineering Mechanics Dept.
    Michigan Technological University
    Web site: http://www.me.mtu.edu/~mdrl
    1

    Motivation for using Coupling


    Element
    In real rotordynamic systems, the vibration
    response does not approach zero as the
    rotation speed approaches zero.
    This is because of coupling misalignments.

    Motivation for using Coupling


    Element
    Coupling misalignments must be added
    to conventional rotordynamic analysis to
    do accurate simulations.

    Coupling Element
    The coupling element we will be looking
    at is implemented using the penalty
    function method.
    It links two nodes at the coupling
    location using a stiff spring.
    It has 8 degrees of freedom (4 per node):

    Important Variables
    The displacements and rotations at Node 1:
    u1, v1, 1, 1.
    The displacements and rotations at Node 2:
    u2, v2, 2, 2.
    The coupling misalignments (magnitude e
    and phase ; lateral cl and angular ca):
    ecl, cl, eca, ca
    The coupling stiffnesses: kx = ky = kcl,
    k = k = kca
    The shaft rotation speed:
    5

    Important Assumptions
    No displacements in the Z direction.
    Linearization: u1, v1, 1, 1, u2, v2, 2, and
    2 are small.
    Penalty Function Method:

    if (k + 1) u1 (k + 2) u2 = (k + 3) e,
    and 1, 2 , 3 << k,
    then u1 u2 e.
    6

    The Finite Element Matrices


    The coupling element is represented
    similar to a spring, however, the
    amount of coupling misalignment is
    given in the RHS harmonic force
    vector.

    ku = Fc cos(t ) + Fs sin (t )

    Finite Element Matrices


    The stiffness matrix is symmetric.
    k cl

    ku =

    k cl

    k ca

    kca

    k cl

    0
    k ca

    0
    0

    0
    0

    k cl
    0

    kcl

    k ca

    0
    kcl

    Sym.

    0 u1
    0 1
    0 v1

    kca 1
    0 u 2

    0 2
    0 v2

    k ca 2

    Finite Element Matrices


    The coupling misalignment appears
    similar to an imbalance.
    kcl ecl cos( cl )
    kcl ecl sin ( cl )
    k e cos( )
    k e sin ( )
    ca
    ca
    ca ca
    ca ca
    kcl ecl sin ( cl )
    kcl ecl cos( cl )

    kca eca cos( ca )


    kca eca sin ( ca )

    cos(t ) +
    sin (t )
    ku =
    kcl ecl cos( cl )
    kcl ecl sin ( cl )

    kca eca cos( ca )


    kca eca sin ( ca )
    k e sin ( )
    k e cos( )
    cl
    cl
    cl cl

    cl cl

    kca eca sin ( ca )


    kca eca cos( ca )
    9

    Choosing Arbitrary Large k Values


    Choosing too small a value will result in
    incorrect answers (the coupling is too
    soft, too springy).

    10

    Choosing Arbitrary Large k Values


    Choosing too large a value results in
    numerical instabilities. This occurs
    because some terms in the finite element
    equations are much larger than others.

    11

    Calculating Realistic k Values


    If we consider deformations
    occurring at the coupling flanges,
    we can calculate realistic k values.

    12

    Calculating Realistic k Values


    We need to consider displacements
    that are (a) lateral, (b) angular

    kcl (uouter uinner) = Fx

    kca (outer inner) = M

    (a)

    (b)
    13

    Lateral Stiffness kx Calculation


    Assume Airy stress function:
    = C1 r sin
    where:

    14

    Lateral Stiffness kx Calculation


    Solving:

    E is the modulus of elasticity

    15

    Lateral Stiffness k Calculation


    Assume M is causing a shear stress in
    the shaded region (parabolic on h).
    Assume boundary conditions on vertical
    displacement w:

    Solving:

    16

    Considering both Flanges of Coupling


    To include the effect of both flanges
    (one from each connected shaft) the
    stiffnesses must be added in
    parallel:

    17

    Sample Questions
    1.

    What are the equivalent spring stiffnesses for a


    coupling consisting of two similar steel flanges, each
    having:

    2.

    What are the finite element matrix entries if there are


    coupling misalignments:

    3.

    diameter 250 mm,


    thickness of 40 mm,
    shaft diameter 150 mm,
    bolt hole circle diameter 200 mm, and
    bolt hole diameter 20 mm.

    Lateral 2 mm at 30 degrees, and


    Angular 0.001 rad at 45 degrees.

    What vibration amplitude would appear just below


    the coupling if a stiff journal bearing held the shaft
    just above the coupling?

    18

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