t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJt

h cg pGr;f tm;u b,fvt

kd a&;ygovJ
(1) ed'ge;f
(2) trSt D cdrk &S&d if tm%m&Sif r&yfwnfEikd f
(3) Edik if aH &;tm%mZpfjrpf
(4) tm%mzDqefEikd o f vm;
(5) wpnf;wvH;k wnf; qef@usi=f u
(6) vl@tzG@J tpnf;udk tajccHusus wnfaqmuf&r,f
(7) tm%mudk òzdc+JG yD
(8) t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJh vufeufawGukd b,fvkd toH;k csrvJ
(9) tusK;d oufa&mufwhJ pGr;f tm;
(10) tm%m&Si[ f m Edik xhf ufp;D eif; ESyd u
f yG w
f wfw,f
(11) pnf;urf;&S&d dS t=urf;rzuf wdu k yf 0JG ifr,f
(12) Edik xhf ufp;D eif; ESyd u f yG v
f m&if Edik if aH &;rSm *sL*spq
f u
k kd oH;k r,f
(13) tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m ajymif;vJatmif v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f wd;k &r,f
(14) Edik if aH &;tm%m ajymif;vJjcif; av;rsK;d
(15) tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd z,f&mS ;jyD
(16) v_y&f mS ;aeolawG ajymif;vJw;kd wufvm+yD
(17) Edik if aH &;eJ@ ywfouf+yD;

ed'ge;f
vl@todkif;t0dkif;wck[m tm%m&SifeJ@ yËdyuQjzpfvdk@ t=urf;rzufv_yf&Sm;&if tcsufESpfcsufvdktyfygw,f? yxrtcsufu tJ'D
vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f [m v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f &Sad e&ygr,f? 'kw, d tcsuu f tJ'D vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f rSm Edik if aH &;pGr;f tm; &Sad e&ygr,f? tm%m&Sief @J pGr;f tm;csi;f ,SO&f wm
jzpfv@kd vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f bufu tiftm;om&if t&Sed t f [kef jrifyh ;D t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;Edik yf gw,f? jzpfcsiw f mawG zefw;D Edik yf gw,f? 'ga=umifh pGr;f tm;[m
ta&;ygw,f? pGr;f tm;&J@ ta&;ygyakH wGukd pOf;pm;Edik rf S oH;k oyfEikd rf S tm%m&Siu f kd b,fvt kd Edik ,f rl vJqw kd m odvmygr,f?
vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f rSm v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f eJ@ Edik if aH &;pGr;f tm;&S&d r,f qdw k t
hJ csuu f vltawmfrsm;rsm; em;vnfxm;wmeJ@ ajzmifah jzmif=h uD;
qef@usiaf eygw,f? vltrsm;pku t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;&if pGr;f tm;r&Sb d ;l vd@k xif=uw,f? t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJt h wGuf Edik if aH &;rSm trSew f u,f&adS ewJh
pGr;f tm;udk oDt&kd t D &a&m Edik if aH &;t&yg vpfvsL&_w,fv@kd vnf; ,lq=uw,f? 'g@tjyif Edik if aH &;qdw k m trSew f u,f t=urf;zufEikd rf S pGr;f tm;&Sw d ,f
qdw k t hJ ,ltqudk t&d;k pGaJ e=uw,f? tJ't D ,ltqudk vufrcHz@kd ajym&if t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;olawGu ,Hv k ,G w f ,fv@kd vnf; vlcyfrsm;rsm;u rSwcf sucf s=u
ao;w,f? bma=umifh vlawGu 'Dvv kd rJG mS ;ae=uovJ? ta=umif;&if;awmh Edik if aH &;pGr;f tm;&J@ oabmtrSeu f kd rod=uvd@k / t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJt h cg
pGr;f tm;[m tvGet f a&;ygw,fqw kd mudk vufrcHwwfao;vd@k yg? 'grrS [kw&f if owdrxm;rdao;vd@k yjJ zpfygw,f?
t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;w,fqw kd m Edik if aH &;enf;vrf; wckjzpfw,f? ol@t"dym` ,fe@J ol &Sjd yD;om;yg? avhvm=unfv h u kd w
f meJ@ t&ifwek ;f u
óuHz;l =um;zl;xm;ovdk r[kwrf eS ;f od=urSmjzpfygw,f? 'gukd teD;pyfq;kH jzpfoa,mifa,mif/ wxyfwnf; jzpfoa,mifa,mif yHrk mS ;&du k yf ;D &Si;f jyvd@k awmhr&bl;/
qH;k jzwfv@kd vnf; rjzpfEikd yf gb;l ?
t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJt h cg vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ pdw"f gwpf pfqifa&;/ Edik if aH &;eJ@ywfouf+yD; tjypfay;wm/ '%fcwfwm/ ydwq f @kd wm/
ta&;,lwm pwJeh nf;vrf;awGukd oH;k &ygw,f?f bmudq k v
kd o kd vJq&kd if yËdyuQjzpfaewJh tm%m&Siu f kd vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ pdw"f gwf ppfqifa&;/ Edik if aH &;t&
t=urf;rzufwehJ nf;vrf;awGe@J zdtm;ay;wmyJ? jypf'%fcwfwmyJjzpfw,f?
tJ'v
D kd enf;vrf;awGtrsm;=uD;&Sw d ,f? wdwu d susajym&&if enf;vrf;aygi;f (198)ck&o dS mG ;jyD? yËdyuQ jzpf&wJh ta=umif;&if;udk azmfjyyD;
qef@usiu f ef@uu G w
f ehJ nf;vrf;awG&w dS ,f? tm%m&Siu f kd vlra_ &;t& taygi;f toif;rvky-f tultnDray;qdw k hJ enf;vrf;awG&w dS ,f? pD;yGm;a&;oydwaf rSmuf
wm&Sw d ,f? tvkyo f rm;awG oydwaf rSmuf=uwmrsK;d vnf; &Sw d ,f? tm%m&Sit f pd;k &udk tjcm;Edik if aH wGu oydwaf rSmufxm;wmvnf;&Sw d ,f? bmrSvyk rf ay;yJ
xdik yf ;D oydwaf rSmufwmrsK;d utp pifðydit f pd;k &zG@J wmxd enf;rsK;d pH&k adS ew,f? 'Dvekd nf;vrf;awGukd t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJt h cgo;kH wJh vufeufawGv@kd wifpm;
=uw,f?
bmoma&;orm;awG 0wfðytm;xkww f t hJ cg t=urf;zufwhJ tðytrlawGukd a&Smif=uOf&r,fqw kd hJ 0denf;awG&w dS ,f? vlra_ &;rSmvnf;
,Ofaus;odraf rG@z@kd usi0hf wfawG&ydS gw,f? tJ'gawGukd t=urf;rzufEikd if aH &;enf;vrf;eJ@ a&maxG;vd@k r&ygb;l ? olw@kd [m ta=umif;wckcak =umifh t=urf; rzuf
v_y&f mS ;vmwJt h cg bmoma&;eJ@ usi0hf wfqikd &f m ,H=k unfcsut f wdik ;f t=urf;ywrf; r[kwyf J v_y&f mS ;Edik w f ,f? 'gayr,fh t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;&mrSm vku d ef m&r,fh
pnf;rsO;f awG &Srd aeao;ygb;l ? t&ifwek ;f u t=urf;zufvy_ &f mS ;wmrsK;d &Scd o hJ vdk aemifvnf;yJ &S&d if&EdS ikd w f myJ? avmavmq,frmS pnf;rsO;f a&;qGJ zd@k xuf
ydt
k a&;=uD;wmudk vkyaf e=uvd@k yjJ zpfygw,f? v_y&f mS ;wJo h al wG[m tjrifq h ;kH &nfreS ;f wmud&k Edik zf @kd xdyw f ef;r[mAsL[mtwdik ;f t=urf;rzuf Edik if aH &; v_y&f mS ;zd@k yJ
avmavmq,f qEN&=dS uw,f?
t&ifwek ;f u t=urf;zuf v_y&f mS ;cJzh ;l ayr,fh tckawmh t=urf;rzufyJ Edik if aH &; v_y&f mS ;ae=uw,f? jzpfEikd o f avmuf pnf;urf;awGe@J
xde;f xde;f odr;f odr;f &Sv d mw,f? 'gayr,fh ae&mwdik ;f / tajctaewdik ;f rSmawmh r[kwaf o;ygb;l ? tm%m&Sief @J yËdyuQjzpfwt hJ cg t=urf;zufrvm;/ rzufb;l vm;
qdw k m a&G;&cufaewwfayr,fh atmifjrifz@kd vrf;pydrk sm;&ifawmh t=urf;rzufvufeufawGukd ,H=k unftm;ud;k yD;v_y&f mS ;=uw,f?
t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;w,fqw kd m ðydizf uftm%m&Sief @J tiftm;csi;f ðydi&f wJh enf;vrf;wckygy?J tm%m&Si[ f m tkycf sKyfa&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/
Edik if aH &;/ &Je@J ppfwyf pwJh yËdyuQjzpf&if ta&;ygwt hJ iftm;awGukd tjrJvv kd kd oH;k Edik pf rG ;f &Sw
d ,f?f t=urf;zsO;f ajym&&if ðydizf uftyk pf q k w kd m vltrsm;pk tusK;d pD;yGm;
1
jzpfxeG ;f wmudk 'kuaQ y; &efapmifaewJo h al wGjzpfw,fv@kd owfrw S cf x H m;&olawGjzpfw,f? olw@kd [m tm%mydik w f OD;wzG@J u xde;f csKyfxm;wJh Edik if aH wmftzG@J tpnf;
jzpfw,f? 'Dvrkd [kw&f ifvnf; tJ'ðD ydizf uftyk pf [ k m tm%mydik t f zG@J u axmufcx H m;wJh tpd;k &r[kww f t hJ zG@J tpnf;rsK;d vnf; jzpfwwfw,f?f
zdESdyfol&Sdvm&if tzdESdyfcHtkyfpkqdkwmvnf; &SdvmwmygyJ? tzdESdyfcHtkyfpkqdkwm bmvJ? tm%m&Sifu csrSwfxm;wJh ay:vpDawG/
tm%m&Si&f @J tðytrlawGukd qef@usiw f ma=umifh ESyd u f yG cf &H yD; epfemqH;k &–;H &w,fv@kd ud, k wf ikd , f ql xm;wJh jynfot l rsm;pk[m tzdEydS cf t H yk pf yk J jzpfygw,f?
tzdESdyfcHtkyfpku ay:vpDa&;&mawGudk aqG;aEG;wifjycsifw,f? 'gayr,fh tm%m&Sifu taqG;aEG;rcHcsifbl;? 'ga=umifh tzdESdyfcHtkyfpk[m tm%m&Sif
tpd;k &wzG@J v;kH udk vufczH @kd awmifoyd rf &Sv d b
S ;l ? tzdEydS cf t H yk pf k qdw k ikd ;f vnf; t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wm r[kwyf gb;l ? trSew f u,f yg0ifoal wG&@J ta&twGuu f
avsmeh nf;wwfw,f? t=uD;tus,f t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;w,f/ enf;enf;yJ v_y&f mS ;w,fqw kd mu b,favmufrsm;wJh vlxu k yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;ovJ/ b,fvkd
tzGJ@tpnf; b,favmufrsm;rsm;u v_yf&Sm;aeovJtay:rSm rlwnfygw,f? rsm;&ifrsm;ovdk/ tpGrf;tp aumif;&ifaumif;ovdk =uD;rm;us,fjyef@
oGm;wwfygw,f?
pGr;f tm;qdw k mu t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJt h cg aygi;f pyfay;Edik w f hJ tpdwt f ydik ;f yJjzpfygw,f? pGr;f tm;&dv S @kd v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f &Sv
d m&w,f/
tJ'ED pS cf [k m wcke@J wck qufpyfaew,fqw kd m owdrf xm;rd&if yËdyuQawG&@J oabmudk em;rvnfEikd yf gb;l ? tm%m&Siu f v kd nf; jywfjywfom;om;vnf;
,SOðf ydiaf tmifycJG EH ikd rf mS r[kwyf gb;l ? pGr;f tm;qdw k mudk jypf'%fcwf ta&;,lwmawGtygt0if =oZmoufa&mufwmawG/ zdtm;ay;wmawGtm;vH;k pkaygi;f
yg0ifxm;w,fv@kd t"dym` ,f zGiq hf Ekd ikd yf gw,f? tzG@J tpnf;wck[m pGr;f tm;awG&adS erS &yfwnfEikd w f ,f? ud, k yf ikd rf 0l g'awG taumiftxnfazmfEikd w f ,f? twGi;f
tjyif yËdyuQawGukd ajz&Si;f Edik pf rG ;f &Syd gw,f?
b,favmufxd v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f &So d vJ qdw k mudk wdik ;f wmvd@k &ygw,f?wenf;tm;jzifah jym&&if b,favmufxd atmifjrifatmif v_y&f mS ;vd@k
&ovJ qdw k mygy?J v_y&f mS ;aewJt h ajctaeudk b,favmufxd xde;f xm;Edik v f q J w kd m =unf&h ygr,f? +yD;awmh v_y&f mS ;aewJo h al wG/ tzG@J tpnf;awGukd b,favmuf
xd xde;f Edik /f pnf;&H;k xm;Edik o f vJ/ tJ't D ay:vnf; rlwnfw,f? xde;f tm;aumif;aewmeJ@tr# v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f ydak umif;vmw,f? v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f aumif;&if
&nfreS ;f csuf atmifjrifwmygy?J 'DtcgrmS v_y&f mS ;olawG jzpfapcsiw f thJ wdik ;f pepfawG/ rl0g'awG/ qufqaH &;awGu G kd tm%m&Siu f ajymif;vJay;vm&w,f?
tzG@J tpnf;awGukd ajymif;vJ/ zsuo f rd ;f / tpm;xd;k apcsiw f mawGvnf; tm%m&Siu f vdu k af vsmay;vm&w,f? wpkwpnf;xJ wcgxaJ wmif ajymif;vJomG ;atmif
vkyv f @kd &Edik w
f ,f? 'g[m t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;Edik w f hJ pGr;f tm;&Sv d @kd jzpfvm&wmyJ? twdtusajym&&if vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f rSm v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f eJ@ Edik if aH &;pGr;f tm;&Sv d @kd
'Dvkd atmifycJG EH ikd wf m jzpfygw,f?
Edik if aH &;pGr;f tm;udk tpd;k &wd@k / Edik if aH wmfw@kd uom ydik w f ,fv@kd rsm;aomtm;jzifh xifaewwf=uw,f? r[kwyf gb;l ? tzG@J tpnf;awG/
twdu k t f cHawG/ wjcm;tkypf ak wGuvnf; &,lyikd q f ikd Ef ikd yf gw,f? toH;k cswyhJ pkH EH pS cf &k w dS ,f? yxryHpk u H wdu k &f u dk f toH;k cswm/ 'kw, d yHpk u
H vdt k yf&ifo;kH r,fqykd ;D
[efjyjcdr;f ajcmufwt hJ cg oH;k w,f? Oyrmqd&k if 'DacwfrmS =um;ae&wJh aphpyfaqG;aEG;yGaJ wG/ ppfyaJG wGrmS oH;k aewmrsK;d jzpfw,f?
t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;olawG v_y&f mS ;wJt h cg pGr;f tm;[m b,favmufta&;ygw,fqw kd mudk odxm;zd@k vdyk gw,f? aemufxyf odxm;&r,fh
tcsuw f csu&f ydS gao;w,f? tJ'guawmh ol@bufu, kd b hf uf ESpb f ufpvH;k rSm &SEd ikd w f hJ pGr;f tm;&J@obm0eJ@ v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f awGukd odxm;zd@k yJ jzpfygw,f?
trSt
D cdrk &S&d if tm%m&Sif r&yfwnfEikd f
b,ftpd;k &rSmrqdk trde@f ay;qH;k jzwfEikd w f hJ tjrifq h ;kH Edik if aH &;tqifrh mS tkypf ;kd wJh vly*k Kd~ vfwOD;/ wzG@J qdw
k m&Syd gw,f? “tm%m&Si”f
vd@k yJ wdwk w kd wk w
f w
k f ac:vduk =f uygp@kd ? tJ't D m%m&Siu f &,lxm;wJh Edik if aH &;tm%m[m ol@twGuf r&S&d ifrjzpfEikd af vmufatmif ta&;r=uD;ygb;l ? 'Dtcsuu f
oDt&kd t D &jzpfjzpf vufawG@t&jzpfjzpf tvGet f a&;=uD;ygw,f? &Si;f &Si;f av;eJ@ odomjrifomwJh tcsuyf gy?J tm%m&Siu f &,lxm;wJh Edik if aH &;tm%m[m
ol@u, kd yf ikd f r[kwyf gb;l ? trsm;ydik w
f hJ Edik if aH &;tm%momjzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dtcsuu f kd c%c%arhaewwf=uygw,f? tJ'ED ikd if aH &; tm%m[m oltyk pf ;kd
aewJh vl@tzG@J tpnf;u xGuaf y;vmwmyJ jzpfygw,f?
'ga=umifh vly*k Kd~ vfwOD;/ wzG@J [m tpd;k & jzpfvm&if jynfoal wGukd b,fvu kd si=hf uHaexdik &f r,fqw kd m vrf;n$eaf y;Edik &f ygr,f? vlom;
t&if;tjrpf/ &ky0f wˆKypPn;f t&if;tjrpfawGukd us,u f s,jf yef@jyef@ xkw, f o l ;kH pGEJ ikd w
f hJ t&nftcsi;f &S&d r,f/ A[kow k &S&d r,f? Oya'ðya&;/ w&m;pD&ifa&;ESihf
tkycf sKyfa&;r¾dKifawGukd xde;f csKyfvrf;n$ef ay;Edik &f ygr,f?
tm%m&Sief @J ol@k &@J Eikd if aH &;pepfrmS t=uGi;f rJt
h m%m qdw k mr&Syd gb;l ? ud, k wf ikd zf efw;D vd@k vnf; r&Edik yf gb;l ? tm%m&Sijf zpfjzpf tjrifq h ;kH
tm%mydik t f zG@J tpnf;yJjzpfjzpf tm%mZpfjrpfawG&rdS S &yfwnfEikd w f ,f? tm%mZpfjrpf&zdS @kd jynfov l x
l ek @J vlrt _ aqmufttHak wGu ,dik ;f yif;ulnaD y;rS
jzpfEikd w
f ,f? olw@kd u ,dik ;f yif;ulnw
D ,fqw kd muvnf; tm%m&Sit f rde@f ukd emcHay;rSom jzpfEikd w f ,f? (vlrt _ aqmufttHq k w
kd mu t=urf;zsO;f ajym&if
vlxv k wl ef;pm;toD;oD;tjyif jynfoal wGyg0ifwhJ tzG@J tpnf;/ toif;tzG@J awG/ ukex f wk v
f yk if ef;eJ@ 0efaqmifrv _ yk if ef; vkyo
f al wG tp&Sw
d hJ vl@todik ;f t0dik ;f
jzpfygw,f? tm%mZpfjrpfqw kd mu Edik if aH &;tm%m tpðyxGuaf y:vmwJah e&mawG jzpfygw,f?)

Edik if aH &;tm%mZpfjrpf
tm%mZpfjrpf ajcmufck&Sdygw,f? tJ'Dajcmufck[m wckESifhwck tcsif;csif; qufEG,faew,f? wckESifhtrsm;vnf; tjyeftvSef
qufE,
G =f uw,f? tm%mZpfjrpfqw kd m bmawGvv J @kd =unf=h u&atmif? t=urf;zsO;f taeeJ@yg?
(1) =oZmwdurU - jynfoal wGukd us,u f s,jf yef@jyef@ jyif;jyif;xefxefe@J tkycf sKyfEikd w
f hJ tm%mudk ydik q f ikd x
f m;wmygy?J wenf;tm;jzifh
ajym&if Oya't& w&m;0iftyk pf ;kd wm jzpfw,f?
(2) vlom;t&if;tjrpf - trde@f uekd mcHy;D ,dik ;f yif;ulnaD y;wJo h al wG/ txl;tultnDay;wJo h al wG tjyif vlrt _ aqmufttHx k u J
tzG@J tpnf;awG jzpf=uw,f? vlom;t&if;tjrpf[m jynfow l &yfv;kH &J@ tcsK;d tpm;wckjzpfw,f? vlom;t&if;tjrpfawGukd us,jf yef@
atmif vkyv f @kd &ygw,f? vdck siw
f yhJ u
kH kd oGi;f vd@k vnf; &ygw,f?
(3) wwfoyd nm - vlom;t&if;tjrpfrmS yg0ifwo hJ al wG&@J u|r;f usirf /_ A[kow
k ESihf t&nftcsi;f awG jzpfw,f? tm%m&Sif vdt k yfwmudk
tJ'D wwfoyd nmawGe@J axmufual y;aewmyg?
(4) oabmw&m;a&;&m - jynfoal wG[m tm%m&Si&f @J trde@f ukd emcHw,f/ tm%m&Siu f kd tnHch v H ukd f w,fqw kd m olw@kd &@J tavhtxeJ@
cH,cl suaf wGa=umifjh zpf&wmygy?J tJ't D avhtxeJ@ cH,cl suaf wGukd jzpfapwmu olw@kd &@J pw d ef @J cHpm;r_awGyg? 'gt h jyif rdryd wf0ef;usirf mS
2
 jzpfaeus jrifaeustay:rlwnfy;D tvG,w f ulvufcH ,Hv k u kd =f uwmrsK;d awG/ vlwOD;csi;f &J@ awG;ac:ajrmfjrifwmawG/ todpw d w f @kd / wm0ef
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d ,f-wm0efrw hJ ,fqw kd phJ w d wf @kd tp&Sw d hJ pdwyf ikd ;f qdik &f mudpaP wGtm;vH;k yg0ifaeygw,f?
(5) &ky0f wˆKypPn;f t&if;tjrpf - tkypf ;kd Edik w f hJ t0ef;t0dik ;f xJrmS &Sad ewJh &ky0f wˆKypPn;f awG jzpfygw,f? obm0o,HZmwawG/
b¾ma&;t&if;tjrpfawG&o dS vdk pD;yGm;a&;pepf/ qufo, G af &;eJ@ o,f,yl @kd aqmifa&; tp&Sw d mawGvnf; yg0ifygw,f?
(6) jypf'%f - tm%m&Siu f jzpfapcsiw f t
hJ wdik ;f zdtm;ay;wJt h cgrmS / jzpfapcsiw f mu jzpfrvmwJt h cgrmS jynfoal wGukd tjypfay;ygw,f?
tjcm;tkypf ;kd ol(awG)eJ@ yËdyuQjzpfwt hJ cgrmS vnf; ydwq f @kd jypf'%fcwfavh&ySd gw,f?
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tjynft h 0ydik q f ikd zf @kd qw kd m jzpfczhJ ;l ayr,fh tifrwefjzpfcv J wS u hJ pd yP g? tm%mZpfjrpfawG b,favmufx&d Edik w f ,f/ r&Edik bf ;l qdw k m tm%m&Si&f @J tm%m
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tm%m&Si[ f m tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd b,fyb kH ,fenf;eJ@ &vmovJqw kd m avhv h m=unf&h atmif? tm%m&Sirf mS u|r;f usiw f m &Swd ,f?
tJ'g bmvJqakd wmh jynfoal wGu ol@trde@f ukd emcHvmapzd@k e@J ol@ukd ,dik ;f yif;ulnv D mapzd@k yjJ zpfw,f? wu,fv@kd jynfot l rsm;pku tm%m&Sit f rde@f ukd
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av#mch svukd w f myg? =oZmwdurU awG qH;k &–;H wmrsm;vmwmeJ@tr# quf+yD;tm%mwnfEikd zf @kd cJ,Of;oGm;ygjyD?
tm%m&Si&f @J =oZmwdurU awG qH;k &–;H aejyDqu kd wnf;u jynfov l x l [k m tm%m&Siu f kd tuef@towf eJ@om ,dik ;f yif;ulnyD gawmhw,f?
'grrS [kwf vH;k 0tultnDray;yJ aevdu k yf gawmhw,f? 'g[mtm%m&Sit f wGuf tvGepf ;kd &dr&f wJh taetxm;ygy?J bma=umifyh gv?J ta=umif;&if;uawmh
tm%m&Si[ f m ol@&@J p;D yGm;a&;/ Edik if aH &;pepfe@J qufy;D tkycf sKyfEikd zf @kd / tJ'pD epfukd qufvufxed ;f odr;f Edik zf @kd qw kd m jynfovl x l ek @J tzG@J tpnf;awGukd rScD akd e&vd@k
jzpfygw,f? apmapmu ajymcJw h t hJ wdik ;f tm%mZpfjrpf&zdS @kd jynfov l x l ek @J vlrt_ aqmufttHak wGu ,dik ;f yif;ulnaD y;rS jzpfEikd w f myg? tm%mpuf us,jf yef@
avav ,dik ;f yif;ulnw D m ydyk ;D vdt k yfavygy?J
Edik if q
H w kd m tpd;k &tzG@J 0ifawG/ tkycf sKyfa&;t&m&Sad wG/ tvkyo f rm;eJ@ 0efxrf;awGtjyif Xmeqdik &f meJ@ aumfrwDtoD;oD;awG/ vufatmufcH
tzG@J tpnf;eJ@ vlrt _ aqmufttHak wG tm;vH;k pkpnf;yD;awmhrS pD;yGm;a&;/ Edik if aH &;pepfukd wnfaqmufxm;&wmjzpfygw,f? tm%mqufjrJEikd zf @kd qw kd m yl;aygi;f
yg0ifoal wG&@J tultnDtm;vH;k udk tqufrjywf&Edik rf o S m jzpfEikd yf gw,f? 'ga=umifh azmfjycJw h hJ vly*k Kd~ vf/ tzG@J tpnf;eJ@ vlrt _ aqmufttHak wGu vHak vmuf
atmif ,dik ;f yif;ulnrfD ay;yJ jiif;qef&if ol@r0l g'awGukd taumiftxnfrazmfEifkd af wmhv@kd tm%m&Si[ f m tm%mrjrJEifkd af wmhygb;l ?

tm%mzDqefEikd o
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zDqefwmvJ/ tm%mzDqefwmudk b,fvw kd ek @f jyefovJ qdw k mawGukd aqG;aEG;=uygp@kd ?
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ay;wmawG &yfqikd ;f av#mch svu kd w f myg? tm%mzDqefwmawGu us,jf yef@omG ;wJt h cg tm%m&Si[ f m awmif;qdw k mawGukd ol@taeeJ@ vdu k af vsmEdik w f mawGukd
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'Dtcg tm%m&Siu f vufeufuikd w f yfz@JG ukd toH;k cs+yD; vlxu k kd ESyd u f yG rf ,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dvekd @J Zmwfvrf;tqH;k owfomG ;wm r[kwyf gb;l ? trsK;d rsK;d tzHzk kH
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aewwf=uygw,f? 'Dvt kd csed rf sK;d rSm olw@kd ukd &H@_ csjypfwifr,f/ zdtm;ay;jcdr;f ajcmufr,fq&kd if tm%m&Siaf wG[m qwfqwfxrd cHatmif wke@f jyh efwwf=uygw,f?
tm%m&Si&f @J val wG jynfwiG ;f a&m jynfyrSmyg &Sad ewwfygw,f? olw@kd [m vlxu k kd tjypfay; ta&;,lwmudk ulnaD xmufcaH y;aeolawGyg? tm%m&Si[ f m
olw@kd axmufcw H mudk t=uD;tus,f vdt k yfaeygw,f? axmufco H &l rdS v
S nf; quf+yD;vkyv f @kd &rSmjzpfv@kd yg? tm%m&Siu f kd wpkwpnf;wnf; rjzpfatmif
uef@owf&ygr,f? tm%m&Siu f kd rulnED ikd af tmif uef@owf&ygr,f? tm%m&Siu f kd raxmufc&H atmif uef@owf&ygr,f? 'Dvu kd ef@owfvukd w f m[m tm%m&Sif
udk uef@owfvu kd w f myJ jzpfw,f?
tm%mm&Si[ f m ol@&@J Edik if aH &;tm%mudk xde;f odr;f wJt h cgrmS ydwq f @kd jypf'%fcwfwmudk ta&;ygwhJ enf;vrf;w&yftaeeJ@ oH;k avh&ydS gw,f?
vlxu k tHek @J =uif;eJ@ qENjyawmif;qdv k mwJt h cgrmS vnf; t=urf;zufEydS u f yG yf ;D jypf'%fcwfavh&ydS gw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dv'kd %fcwfwm[m wu,fwrf; xda&muf&@J
vm; rxda&mufb;l vm;qdw k m jynfoal wG&@J wke@f jyefwt hJ ay:rlwnfaeygw,f? (aemufyikd ;f rSm tus,cf s@J y;D aqG;aEG;ygr,f?) ppfajrjyifrmS ppfom;awG[m
&efou l kd aemufrqkww f rf;&ifqikd o f vdyk J jynfov l x l [ k m tE &W m,fe@J &ifqikd af e&wmawmif aemufqw k zf @kd jief;qefwhJ om"uawG tawmfrsm;rsm;&Scd zhJ ;l ygw,f?
vlxk[m tm%m&SifESdyfuGyfrSef;odayr,fh wm0efw&yftaeeJ@ qENtavsmuf yg0ifqifE$J=uwmygyJ? tm%m&Sifuawmh vlxka=umufoGm;atmif/
aemifusOaf tmifqykd ;D jyif;jyif;xefxef ESyd u f yG jf ypf'%fcwfjyrSm jzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dvrkd sK;d vkyv f @kd r&ygb;l ? jy\emudk 'Dvekd nf;eJ@ ajz&Si;f vd@k tajzrxGuyf gb;l ?
tajzrxGuo f a&G@umvywfv;kH tm%m&Sief @J jynfov l x l wk @kd &@J tm;ðydiyf [ JG mvnf; b,fawmhrS +yD;qH;k rSmr[kwyf gb;l ? "rR"Xd mefususq&kd if tm%m&Siu f kd
vlxpk rG ;f tm;eJ@ tjrJjcdr;f ajcmufxm;&wmyJ jzpfygw,f?

3
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'Dawmh tm%m&Siu f jynfoal wG jyeftnHch v H matmif zdtm;ay;r,fqykd ;D ESyd u f yG v
f mEdik w f ,f? 'gukd jynfoal wGu awmifch x H m;&ygr,f?
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&ifqikd Ef ikd w f mvJ vd@k ar;&if rvkycf w hJ mudv k yk v f @kd / vkycf w hJ mudk rvkyv f @kd y?J 'Dvakd jymif;vJomG ;wJah e&mrSm tusK;d tjrwfxu G vf mawmhr,fqw kd m odaevd@k y?J
tusK;d tjrwfu bmvJqakd wmh tm%m&Sit f rde@f ukd remcHw/hJ tm%mzDqefw@J jynfoal wG/ tm%m&Sief @J raygi;f wJh jynfoal wG 'ke@J a';eJ@/ tHek @J =uif;eJ@ rsm;
vmrSm jzpfv@kd yjJ zpfygw,f?
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jynfoal wGu tHwv k w kd phJ w d ef @J qef@usif ckcEH ikd pf rG ;f &Sad tmif vkyw f muom y"geusygw,f?
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Edik if aH &;tm%m[m vlxu k kd rScD akd e&atmifvyk zf @kd tydik ;f ESpyf ikd ;f &Syd gw,f?
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tm%m&Siv f el nf;pk[m olw@kd tcsi;f csi;f pkpnf;rdaeayr,fh tzdEydS cf v H xl rk mS awmh vGwv f yfwhJ tzG@J tpnf;awGukd zG@J pnf;wnfaxmifv@kd
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jzpfygw,f?

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pGr;f tm;awG&w dS hJ 'Dvakd e&mawGukd rwnfaqmufru D wnf;u pOf;pm;wGucf suzf @kd vdw k myg?
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tJ'v D kd rwlwhJ tiftm;csi;f ESpcf k ðydi=f uwJt h cgrmS Edik if aH &; *sL*spq f u k wu,fukd ta&;ygtoH;k 0ifygw,f? pnf;urf;&S&d dS wdu k yf 0JG if=ur,f qdw k t hJ a=umif;+yD;&if
*sL*spq f t
k a=umif; quf+yD; aqG;aEG;ygr,f?
tm%m&Sif[m b,favmufyJ owif;jzwfawmufydwfqdk@ayr,fh ol b,favmuf &ufpufw,f/ ESdyfuGyfw,fqdkwJhowif;awGu
aemufq;kH awmh zH;k zdv@kd r&yJ xGuv f mwmcsn;f ygy?J olu Edik x hf ufp;D eif;ESyd u f yG w f mudk av#mch s&r,ft h pm; yd+k yD; ESyd u f yG v f m&if vlxu k yd+k yD;atmhEv S ;kH emvmr,f?
yd+k yD; qef@usit f w H v k mr,f? tm%m&Siu f kd axmufcaH ewmuae v_y&f mS ;olawGbufukd yd+k yD; axmufcv H m=urSm jzpfw,f?
tm%m&Siu f Edik x hf ufp;D eif;ESyd u f yG af eayr,fh =uH=h uHch +H yD; pnf;urf;&S&d dS pepfwus v_y&f mS ;=uwmu 'gukd tvG,w f ul vufcv H y_ &f mS ;wwf
olawGjzpfv@kd r[kw=f uygb;l ? b,f[mrqdk pnf;urf;udk xde;f odr;f Edik rf S atmifjrif&wmyg? pnf;urf;&Srd o S m Edik if aH &;tm%m ajymif;vJEikd zf @kd tcGio hf mwm
jzpfygw,f? 'hga=umifh pnf;urf;&S=d uzd@k e*du k wnf;u óudwif jyifqif&wmyg? qH;k &H;_ epfemp&mawG &Sv d mEdik w f mudk odoed @J tepfemcHpeG @f pm;+yD; pnf;urf;&S&d dS
t=urf;rzuf wdu k yf 0JG if=uwm jzpfygw,f?

Edik x
hf ufp;D eif; ESyd u
f yG v
f m&if Edik if aH &;rSm *sL*spq
f u
k kd oH;k r,f
t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f udk 'Dx h ufru aumif;+yD;&if;aumif;aeatmif vkypf &menf;vrf;awG trsm;=uD; &Sad eygw,f?
tm%m&Si[ f m t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;aeolawGukd Edik x hf ufp;D eif; qufvufEydS u f yG af ewm[m ol@twGuf aumif;usK;d jzpfrvmyJ qd;k usK;d om
jzpfvmwJt h a=umif; ajymygr,f? Edik x hf ufp;D eif;wmawG rsm;oxufrsm;vm&if tm%m&Si[ f m pufqyk &f &HG mS zd@k aumif;wJh tpd;k &jzpfvmygr,f? t=urf;rzuf
v_y&f mS ;olawGukd ud, k cf si;f pmpdwef @J =uifemoem;olawG/ axmufco H al wG xGuaf y:vmygr,f? tm%m&Sief @J t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;olw@kd xdyw f ukd af wG@csed rf mS
jynfov l x l [k m =um;aewwd,tkypf k jzpfygw,f? jynfov l x
l [ k m Edik x hf ufp;D eif;ESyd u f yG w f mcH&wJh v_y&f mS ;olawGukd yd+k yD;axmufcv H mwmeJ@ wcsed f wnf;rSmyJ
&ufpuf=urf;=uKwfwhJ tm%m&Sief @J ol@&@J ay:vpDawGukd vlxu k qef@usiv f m=uawmhrmS jzpfygw,f?
Edik if w H ckrmS vlx&k @J oabmxm;tjrifawG ajymif;vJwwfovdk tJ'ED ikd if &H @J tm%m&Siu f kd Edik if w
H umu vufcw H ,f vufrcHb;l qdw k hJ
oabmxm;awG ajymif;vJwwfygw,f? 'Dvakd jymif;vJwhJ tusK;d uawmh jynfov l x l ek @J Edik if wH umu ESyd u f yG cf aH e&wJh t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;aeolawGukd axmufcH
vmwmyJ jzpfygw,f? 'gt h jyif rsm;aomtm;jzifh tm%m&Siu f kd Edik if aH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;t& zdtm;awGuv kd nf; xdxad &mufa&muf ay;vmwwf=uygw,f?
t=urf;rzufou l kd &uf&ufpufpuf ESyd u f yG af ewma=umifh tm%m&Siu f akd xmufco H al wG/ ol@&@J 0efxrf;awG/ vufeufuikd t f zG@J tpnf;awGuawmif pdwt f aESmifh
t,Suf jzpfvm&ygawmhw,f? olw@kd pw d x f rJ mS tm%m&Siu f siohf ;kH aewJrh al wG[m w&m;r#w&J@vm;qdw k m oHo, p0ifvm=uygawmhw,f? olw@kd [m rvHrk vJ
roufrom cHpm;ae=u&muae tm%m&Siu f kd rauseyfra_ wG jzpfay:vmygawmhw,f? wcgwav tzdEydS cf &H olawGbufuakd wmif 0ify;D yl;aygi;f vdu k =f uyg
ao;w,f? olw@kd wwfEikd w f bhJ ufuae tm%m&Sit f rde@f ukd qef@usizf q D efvm=uygawmhw,f? Oyrmqd&k if qef@usiq f ENjyyGaJ wG/ wyfwiG ;f ykeu f efra_ wGrmS
tm%m&Sif bufawmfom;awGu, kd w f ikd uf vkyaf qmifvmwmrsK;d jzpfygw,f? 'Dvekd @J tm%m&Si&f @J Edik x hf ufp;D eif;ESyd u f yG w
f m[m ol@bufujkd yef+yD; rsm;OD;
vSno hf mG ;&ygjyD? 'g[m Edik x hf ufp;D eif;ESyd u f yG vf m&if Edik if aH &;rSm *sL*spq f u k kd vufawG@toH;k csvu kd w
f m jzpfygw,f? olvyk o f r# olyJ jyefcv H ukd &f wmrsK;d jzpfygw,f?
tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m pajymif;yg+yD?

tiftm;csed cf iG v
f #m ajymif;vJatmif v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f wd;k &r,f
b,fawmhrS xdu k xf ukd w
f efwef cs;D usL;rcH&wJuh pd w P ck &Syd gw,f? wu,fawmh xdu k x
f u
kd w f efwef cs;D usL;&r,fu h pd /P olryg&if rjzpfavmuf
atmif ta&;=uD;wJu h pd P jzpfygw,f? tJwm bmvJqakd wmh tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m ajymif;vJwhJ twdik ;f enf;pepfyikd ;f udk ajymif;vJ vkyaf qmifwwfwmyJ jzpfygw,f?
ta=umif;trsK;d rsK;d a=umifh enf;pepfyikd ;f ajymif;vJay;&ygw,f? *sL*spq f [k m tiftm;csed cf iG vf #m ajymif;vJz@kd twGuf tvGet f oH;k 0ifwhJ
twdik ;f t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;aeolawGb G ufrmS tiftm;awG (v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f awG) wd;k vmEdik o f vdk tm%m&Si[ f mvnf; tiftm;enf;oGm;wmrsK;d &Syd gw,f?
tJ'v
D kd tiftm;csed cf iG vf #m rnDrr#jzpfvmwmudk csucf si;f &dyrf +d yD; enf;pepfyikd ;f ajymif;vJ toH;k cswwfz@kd yJ jzpfygw,f?
t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;olawGqrD mS v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f awG wd;k oxufw;kd Edik af pr,fh enf;vrf;awG&ydS gw,f? trsm;tm;jzifh &Edik w f muawmh
tm%m&Si&f @J '%fa=umifh epfemqH;k &–;H &olawGu v_y&f mS ;olawGukd axmufcaH y;=uygw,f? tm%m&Si&f @J '%fa=umifh epfemqH;k &–;H &olawG[m b,foal wGygv?J
Oyrmqdk&if EdkifiHa&;rSm yg0ifywfoufw,fvdk@ pGyfpGJcH&+yD; ausmif;xkwfcH&wJh ausmif;om;awG/ EdkifiHa&;vkyfw,fqdk+yD; zrf;qD;axmifcscH&olawG/ t"rR
vkytf m;apcdik ;f cH&olawG/ Oya'rJh ypPn;f odr;f cH-tzrf;cH&wJh jynfoal wG/ ppfwyfxu J xGuaf jy;vm=uwJh cav;ppfom;awG/ pD;yGm;a&;orm;awG pHv k @kd ygy?J
olw@kd [m t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;olawGukd rsm;aomtm;jzifh axmufco H al wGyg? ud,
k wf ikd v
f nf; yg0ifvmEdik =f uwJo h al wGyg?
8
 t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;vdu k w f ,fq&kd ifyJ vlxu k axmufc+H yD;om;jzpfaeygjyD? 'gt h jyif tm%m&Siu f kd axmufco H al wG/ ulnaD eol
awGawmifrS axmufcaH y;wwf=uygw,f? 'g[m t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;r_&@J obm0yg? t=urf;zuf awmfveS w f u
kd cf ukd w f mxuf t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wmudk
vlawGu tqtrsm;=uD; axmufc=H uygw,f? 'Dvkd wcJeuf axmufcv H mwmeJ@tr# v_y&f mS ;olawG[m tm%m&Siu f toH;k csaewJh tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd
av#mch s jzwfawmufvmEdik yf gawmhw,f? 'DtcgrmS v_y&f mS ;olawG[m tm%m&Sit f ay:rSm wdu k &f u
kd jf zpfjzpf oG,0f u kd +f yD;awmhjzpfjzpf v$r;f rd;k vmEdik yf gjyD?
wcgwavrSm tm%m&Siu f kd xde;f csKyfEikd af vmufatmif v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f awG wd;k vmygawmhw,f?
tJ'v D kd tiftm;csed cf iG v f #majymif;vJomG ;wmawG[m v_y&f mS ;r_wikd ;f rSm wlnaD erSm r[kwyf gb;l ? ajymif;vJwhJ yHpk cH si;f vnf; rwlEikd yf gb;l ?
vlrt _ zG@J tpnf;wcktwGi;f rSm tcsi;f csi;f jzpfysuaf ewJh yËdyuQwckrmS tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m ajymif;vJwmrsK;d &Syd gw,f? 'grrS [kwf jynfyuusL;ausmo f al wGu
tpd;k &wufvyk af evd@k jzpf&wJh yËdyuQrmS vnf; tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m ajymif;vJwwfygw,f? tajctaerwlwt hJ wGuaf =umifh ajymif;vJwhJ yHpk u H mG jcm;&wmyg?
'gayr,fh t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f udk wd;k yGm;vmatmif enf;vrf;&SmazGwmuawmh tJ't D ajctaeESprf sK;d pvH;k rSmawmh twlwyl J jzpfygw,f?
v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f wd;k ovdk avsmo h mG ;wmvnf;&Sw d wfygw,f? 'ga=umifh yËdyuQjzpfpOfwcktwGi;f rSmyJ v_y&f mS ;olt l a&twGuf enf;vdu k f
rsm;vdu k jf zpfwwfygw,f? wcgwavrSm yg0ifoal wG/ yg0ifwt hJ zG@J tpnf;awG&@J ta&twGu[ f m odoo d mom ajymif;vJomG ;ygw,f? 'Dvykd J tm%m&Sif
bufjcrf;rSmvnf; ol@uakd xmufcu H n l o
D al wG tzG@J tpnf;awG[m &mE_e;f jynfu h ae okn*%ef;xd twd;k tavsm&h w dS wfygw,f? 'Dvjkd zpf&wm[m tjcm;
ta=umif;awGa=umifv h nf; jzpfwwfovdk t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;yHak =umifv h nf; wduk &f u kd jf zpfEikd yf gw,f? 'grrS [kwf oG,0f u kd +f yD; jzpfEikd yf gw,f? jynfov l xl uk vnf;
rodusK;d u|H ðyae&muae/ =um;aeay;&muae wzufzufukd 0ifa&mufy;l aygi;f +yD; axmufcaH y;wwfygw,f? qef@usiaf y;wwfygw,f?
tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m[m yHak o jzpfaewmr[kwyf gb;l ? t=urf;rzufoal wG&@J v_y&f mS ;Edik pf rG ;f [m wufvu kd f usvukd &f o
dS vdk tm%m&Si&f @J
ESdyfuGyfEdkifpGrf;[mvnf; enf;vdkufrsm;vdkufeJ@ tjrJajymif;vJaeygw,f? tJ'gbma=umifhvJqdkawmh t=urf;rzufv_yf&Sm;wJhtcgrSm tqifhqifhajymif;vJ
v_y&f mS ;wma=umifv h @kd ajymEdik yf gw,f? wbufujrif&h if tjcm;wbufu edrahf ewwfygw,f? 'Dvkd tiftm;csed cf iG v f #majymif;vJwm[m jrefcsiv f nf; jrefae
wwfw,f? tqH;k pGex f d ajymif;vJomG ;wmvnf; &Sw d wfygw,f? 'Dtcsu[ f m vufeufuikd w f u kd cf u
kd af e=uwJh bufEpS b f ufe@J rwlygb;l ? vufeufuikd w f ukd yf aJG wG
usawmh wbufu tiftm;wd;k &if tjcm;wbufuvnf; tiftm;udk tðydit f qdik f wd;k avh&=dS uygw,f?
tiftm;csed cf iG v f #m tajymif;tvJ[m &_yaf xG;ygw,f? 'Dvt kd iftm;csed cf iG v f #m ajymif;vJomG ;wm[m aemufq;kH usawmh &yfomG ;+yD;
b,fot l Edik &f ovJqw kd m qH;k jzwfay;rSm jzpfygw,f?

Edik if aH &;tm%m ajymif;vJjcif; (4)rsK;d

t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;vd@k Edik if aH &;tm%m ajymif;vJomG ;wmawG[m wckEiS w hf ck rwl=uyg? 'gayr,fh t=urf;tm;jzifh (4)rsK;d cGv J @kd &ygw,f?
bmawGvq J akd wmh
(1) tm%m&Siu f awmif;qdw k mudk ,H=k unfvufc+H yD; ajymif;vJomG ;wm
(2) tm%m&Siu f awmif;qdw k t hJ wdik ;f tvdu k t f xdu k f ajymif;vJay;wm
(3) t=uyfuikd cf &H vd@k tm%m&Siu f ajymif;vJay;wmeJ@
(4) tm%m&Si[ f m ol@&@J Edik if aH &; tm%mudk tºuGi;f rJzh suo f rd ;f +yD; ajymif;vJay;&wmawG jzpfygw,f? tajccHoabmw&m;&zd@k eJeaJ v;xyf+yD; aqG;aEG;=uygp@kd ?
(1) tm%m&Siu f awmif;qdw k mudk ,H=k unfvufc+H yD; ajymif;vJomG ;wm[m t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;Edik v f @kd jzpfygw,f? t=urf;rzuf
v_y&f mS ;olw@kd u olw@kd em;vnfoabmayguf vdck siw f t hJ wdik ;f awmif;qdw k mjzpfygw,f? tJ'gukd “aumif;wJh &nfreS ;f csuyf J jzpfw,f”vd@k tpd;k &u oabmwl
vufc+H yD; vdu k af vsmay;vdu k yf gw,f? 'Dvakd jymif;vJwhJ trsK;d tpm;[m jzpfavhjzpfx&Syd gw,f?
(2) 'kw, d trsK;d tpm;rSm v_y&f mS ;olw@kd awmif;qdw k thJ wdik ;f tm%m&Siu f ,H=k unfvufc+H yD; ajymif;vJay;wmr&So d vdk t=uyfuikd cf &H vd@k
ajymif;vJay;wmvnf;r&Syd gb;l ? 'gayr,fh ol@ukd ,H=k unfvufcaH tmif awmif;qdv k mwmjzpfjzpf/ t=uyfuikd f awmif;qdv k mwmjzpfjzpf tJ'ED pS rf sK;d pvH;k udk
pOf;pm;ay;ygw,f? 'grrS [kwv f nf; wrsK;d udak wmh pOf;pm;ay;ygw,f? 'Daemuf vdu k af vsmay;wwfygw,f? tm;vH;k awmifvu kd af vsmay;wwfw,fqakd yr,fh
rsm;aomtm;jzifu h awmh awmif;qdck sut f csK@d avmufuo kd m vdu k af vsmay;wwfwmyg? 'gukd awmif;qdw k t hJ wdik ;f tm%m&Siu f tvdu k t f xduk f ajymif;vJay;wm
vd@k ac:ygw,f?
'Dvakd jymif;vJay;vdu k af yr,fh tm%m&Si&f @J pdwo f abmxm;awG[m tJ'u D pd aP wGrmS tajccHutp ajymif;oGm;wm r[kwyf gb;l ? ol
bma=umifh ajymif;vJay;ovJq&kd if taumif;qH;k yJv@kd wGucf sux f m;jyD; jzpfaewma=umifyh g? olwu G cf sux f m;wm (4)rsK;d jzpfEikd yf gw,f?
(u) 'Dvakd jymif;vJay;vdu k v f @kd twGi;f usw d f rauseyfwmawGukd ukpm;zd@k ol&nf&, G x f m;wmyg?
(c) 'grrS [kwv f nf; ESpOf ;D ESpb f uf xdcu kd q f ;kH &–;H epfemwmawGukd tenf;qH;k jzpfatmif av#mch sEikd zf @kd yg?
(*) tJ'v D rkd sK;d r[kw&f ifvnf; ol@twGuf ydrk q kd ;kd 0g;vmEdik rf ,fh ab;'kuaQ wGukd óudwifa&Smif&mS ;Edik zf @kd yJ jzpfEikd yf gw,f?
(C) tJ't D csuaf wG wckrrS [kw&f ifawmh tm%m&Si[ f m rsuEf mS tysurf cHcsiv f @kd yJ jzpfygvrd rhf ,f?
t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wmawGukd &ifqikd &f wJh tm%m&Siaf wG tajz&Si;f ay;wwfq;kH enf;vrf;uawmh tJ'D tvdu k t f xdu k af jymif;vJay;wmyJ
jzpfygw,f?
'ga=umifh tvdu k t f xku d af jymif;vJay;vdu k w f m[m vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ Edik if aH &;tajctaeawG wd;k wuf atmifjrifapzd@k &Sv d mEdik yf gw,f?
+yD;awmh tm%m&Si&f @J '%fa=umifh epfemqH;k &–;H &olawGuv kd nf; auseyfp&m jzpfapEdik yf gw,f? 'Dtcsu[ f m a&S@qufazmfjyr,fh wwd,eJ@ pwkwt ˆ rsK;d tpm;awGe@J
wlomG ;ygw,f? yxrtrsK;d tpm;eJ@awmh odyrf wlvyS gb;l ? Edik if aH &;tm%meJ@ qufpyfae&wJh vlra_ &;/ pD;yGm;a&; tp&Sw d mawGukd tajccHup+yD; ajymif;vJ
ay;Edik rf o
S m yHpk o H pfv;kH vH;k jzpfvmrSmyg?
(3) wwd,trsK;d tpm;uawmh t=uyfuikd cf &H vd@k tm%m&Siu f ajymif;vJay;wm jzpfygw,f? tm%m&Si[ f m ol@qENukd csK;d ESrd +f yD;
ol@'%fa=umifh epfemqH;k &–;H &olawGukd auseyfap&ovdk t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wm atmifjrif zd@k uv kd nf; cGiðhf yvdu k &f ygawmhw,f? t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;olawG[m
tpd;k &&J@ tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd wdu k &f ukd jf zpfjzpf oG,0f u kd +f yD;awmhjzpfjzpf tawmfav;xde;f csKyfxm;Edik w f t hJ cg olw@kd [m tm%m&Siu f kd t=uyfuikd Ef ikd v f mygw,f?
'DtcgrmS tm%m&Si[ f m pdwo f mG ;wdik ;f ud, k yf gEikd af wmhygb;l ?

9
 'Dvjkd zpf&wJh ta=umif;&if; (3)ck&ydS gw,f? yxrwcku tm%m&Si[ f m Edik x
hf ufp;D eif; ESyd uf yG v f @kd r&Edik af wmhavmufatmif v_y&f mS ;olawG
Edik if aH &;tHww k mu tawmfu h kd =uD;rm;us,jf yef@aewma=umifh jzpfygw,f? 'kw, d tcsuuf awmh tpd;k &,E &W m; &yfqikd ;f oGm;vd@k jzpfygw,f? wwd,tcsuf
uawmh tm%m&Si[ f m tm%mrwnfEikd af wmhv@kd yJ jzpfygw,f? 'DtajctaerSm tm%m&Si[ f m Edik x
hf ufp;D eif; ESyd u f yG w f ehJ nf;udk oH;k Edik pf rG ;f r&So
d avmuf
jzpfomG ;ygjyD? ol@&@J ay:vpDawGuv kd nf; vH;k 0eD;yg;avmuf taumiftxnfrazmfEikd af wmhygb;l ?
bma=umifv h q J wkd m tcsuf (3)csu&f ydS gw,f?
(u) wyfxrJ mS / &Jwyfz@JG xrJ mS ol@trde@f ukd qef@usit f mcHoal wGrsm;vmvd@k jzpfygw,f?
(c) tpd;k &xdyyf ikd ;f t&m&Sad wGu ,E &W m; vnfywfay;zd@k t=uD;tus,f jiif;qefvmaewma=umifh jzpfygw,f?
(*) ol@qrD mS =oZmwdurU eJ@ vlxak xmufcw H mawG vH;k vH;k vsm;vsm;=uD; usqif;oGm;&vd@k jzpfygw,f?
'gayr,fh tm%m&Sif[m tm%mtcsKd@t0ufavmufawmh udkifxm;Edkifwkef;ygyJ? tpdk;&tzGJ@tjzpfeJ@vnf; &yfwnf&Hk &SdaeqJygyJ?
'Dtajctaeuawmh ol[m c|i;f csuef @J oabmwlt&–;H ay;vdu k &f awmhrvm;/ 'grrS [kwf ta=umuftuef wif;cHae&rvm; qdw k mudk a&G;&r,fh taetxm;
jzpfomG ;ygjyD?
(4) pwkwt ˆ rsK;d tpm;uawmh tm%m&Si[ f m ol@&@J Edik if aH &;tm%mudk tºuGi;f rJzh suo f rd ;f +yD; ajymif;vJ ay;&wm jzpfygw,f? 'Dtcsed rf mS
tm%m&Si&f @J tm%mZpfjrpfawG[m vH;k 0jzwfawmufcv H u
kd &f ygjyD? 'grrS [kwf ol qufvuftouf&iS &f yfwnfz@kd twGuf ol@&@J Edik if aH &;tm%mudk tºuGi;f rJh
zsuo f rd ;f vdu
k &f +yD jzpfygw,f? t&–;H udv k ufc&H u
kH vGv
J @kd ajymqdyk ikd cf iG ahf wG r&Sad wmhygb;l ? tm%m&Si&f @J Edik if aH &;tm%mudk &Si;f &Si;f av; zsuo f rd ;f òzcGjJ yD;
jzpfomG ;ygjyD?

tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd z,f&mS ;jyD

t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;vdu k w
f ma=umifh tm%m&Si&f @J Edik if aH &;tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd av#mch sv@kd &Edik wf ,f qdw k m od&cdS =hJ u+yD;jzpfygw,f?
tm%mZpfjrpfwckpu D kd b,fvakd v#mch sEikd o
f vJqwkd m =unf=h uygp@kd ?
(1) =oZmwdurU - vlx[ k m tm%m&Siu f kd pdraf c:+yD; t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;vdu
k w
f ma=umifh tm%m&Si&f @J =oZmwdurU [m usqif;
oGm;jyDqw kd m twdik ;f twmwcktxd &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif; ol odomG ;ygjyD? t&ifu tm%m&Siu f kd axmufco H al wG tckq&kd if ol@ukd ausmcdik ;f
xGucf mG vmapygawmhw,f? wcgwavrSm tm%m&Si&f @J opPmcHawG[m tjcm;tm%mydik t f zG@J qu
D kd odood mom ul;ajymif;cdv k kH vmwwf
=uygw,f? pifðydit f pd;k &jzpfae&ifawmif 0ifa&mufcv kd o
kH mG ;Edik yf gw,f?

(2) vlom;t&if;tjrpf - t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wm us,jf yef@omG ;&if tm%m&Sif vdt k yfaewJh vlom; t&if;tjrpfqw kd hJ tm%mZpfjrpfukd
av#mch sjzwfawmufz@kd jzpfEikd v f mygw,f? b,fvv kd yk &f if jzpfEikd yf govJ? yxrtcsuu f tm%m&Sif wnfaqmufxm;wJh tkycf sKyfa&;pepfukd
xde;f odr;f vnfywfay;aewJh jynfoal wG[m xke@J xnfe@J tm%m&Si&f @J trde@f ukd a,bl,stm;jzifh emrcH=uawmhz@kd jzpfygw,f? 'Dae&m
rSm a,bl,sqw kd mu tm%m&Siu f kd qef@usiw f mqdak yr,fh trsm;jynfoal wGukd rxdcu kd zf @kd qw
kd o
hJ abmudk azmfjyygw,f? 'kw, d
tcsuu f awmh jynfoal wG[m tm%m&Siu f kd ,dik ;f yif;ulnw D mawG rvkyaf y;=uzd@k jzpfygw,f? tJ'v D kd trde@f ukd emrcH/ ulnrD ay;wJh
jynfoal wG[m tm%m&Si'f %fa=umifh epfemqH;k &–;H &olawGe@J aygi;f pnf;rdomG ;wJt h cg ta&twGuyf rm%[m tawmfu h =kd uD;rm;oGm;
wma=umifh tm%m&Sit f wGuf jidr0f yfyjd ym;atmifxed ;f zd@k t&rf;cufomG ;ygawmhw,f? Al;av;&mz&Hq k ifch &H wmuawmh tm%m&Siu f kd
tpOftqufaxmufco H al wGuawmif ol@uq kd uf+yD; raxmufc=H uawmhv@kd ol@rmS tiftm;awG aemufxyfavsm+h yD;&if; avsmah e&yg
awmhw,f?
vlom;t&if;tjrpfqw kd hJ tm%mZpfjrpfu us&;H– oGm;&if wqufwnf;rSmyJ tjcm;tm%m ZpfjrpfawGjzpf=uwJh wwfod
u|r;f usirf e_ @J &ky0f wˆKt&if;tjrpfawGvnf; xdcu kd o f mG ;ygawmhw,f? 'Dvekd @J jidr0f yfyjd ym;atmifxed ;f zd@k tawmfuckd ufaewJh wu,fu h sO;f xJ
=uyfxrJ mS tm%m&Si[ f m 'Dtm%mZpfjrpf awGux kd ed ;f zd@k tJ't D m%mZpfjrpfawGukd yk+d yD;vdt
k yfvmygw,f? tm%m&Sit f m;enf;aewke;f
qef@usif tHww k mudk t&Sed jf rSiv
hf u kd &f if aemufq;kH rSm tpd;k &tm%mrJo h mG ;&ygvrd rhf ,f?

(3) wwfoyd nm - tpd;k &&J@ =uD;=uD;ydik ;f acgi;f aqmifawG/ t&m&Sad wG/ ynm&Siaf wG/ t=uHay;awGtygt0if tcsK@d y*k Kd~ vfawG[m ,E &W m;udk
vnfywfay;&mrSm tawmfu|rf;usif=uygw,f? ,E W&m;&J@ta&;ygwJhtcsufawGudkvnf; odxm;=uygw,f? olwdk@[m tpdk;&
,E &W m;vnfywfz@kd ukd aumif;aumif; wwfoad eolawGyg? 'Dawmh tm%m&Siu f kd rulnaD wmhyJ olw@kd tvky&f yfqikd ;f vdu
k wf t hJ cg tpd;k &
,E &W m;[m tcsK;d tpm;rr#yJ jzpfvmygw,f? wwfow d ohJ al wGr&Sad wmh usew f o hJ al wGuvnf; rvkyw
f wfrudik w f wfe@J vnfywfay;
&wJt h cg ,E &W m;wckv;kH ud@k &@kd um;,m; jzpfuek &f ygw,f? 'g[m tm%m&Siu f kd yd+k yD; tm;enf;oGm;apygw,f? tm%m&Siu f kd ,dik ;f yif;ulnzD @kd
vH;k 0jiif;y,fwmtjyif ,E &W m;vnfywfEikd pf rG ;f udk wrifwum av#mch s tm;enf;oGm;apwm[mvnf; ta&;ygwhJ v_y&f mS ;r_wckygy?J

(4) oabmw&m;a&;&m - us,u f s,jf yef@jyef@ t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;vmwJt

h cg tm%&Si&f @J trde@f ukd emcHoal wG/ opPmapmifo
h o
d al wG[m
pdw"f gwaf wGysujf ym+yD; ,dr;f ,dik of mG ;Edik yf gw,f?

(5) &ky0f wˆK t&if;tjrpf - t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJt h wGuaf =umifh tm%m&Siu f kd axmufyahH y;aeonfh &ky0f wˆK t&if;tjrpfawGukd
av#mch s jzwfawmufEikd yf gw,f? b,fvakd e&mawGrmS vJq&kd if pD;yGm;a&;pepf/ o,f,yl @kd aqmifa&;/ qufo,
G af &;/ b¾ma&; t&if;tjrpfawG/
obm0 o,HZmwawGe@J tp&Sw d mawG jzpf+yD; tJ'gawGukd xde;f csKyfxm;Edik v
f mygvrd rhf ,f?

(6) jypf'%f - tm%m&Si[f m t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;aewmudk jypf'%fcwfr,fq&kd ifawmif ol@twGuf aumif;usK;d jzpfrvmyJ qd;k usK;d awG
xGuv f mwm&Swd wfygw,f? jzpfEikd w
f hJ Oyrm(3)ck&ydS gw,f? (u) tm%m&Sirf cDS akd e&wJh ppfvufeufypPn;f awGukd Edik if jH cm;wdik ;f jynfawGu
10
 a&mif;cszdk@ jiif;qef wm;qD;vmEdkifygw,f? (c) ppfvufeufxkwfwJh puf&HkawG/ o,f,lydk@aqmifa&;vkyfay;wJh 0efaqmifr_awGu
tm%m&Siu f kd oydwaf rSmufvmEdik yf gw,f? (8) t"du&k%;f &Je@J ppfom;ta&twGuu f kd av#mch s&zd@k &Sv
d mEdik yf gw,f? ta=umif;uawmh
tm%m&Siu f vkd yk t
f m;ay;&r,fo
h al wG avsmeh nf;vmvd@k / ppfom;pkaqmif;a&;udpaP wG ratmifjrifawmhv@kd jzpfygw,f? usew f hJ vufeufuikd f
wyfz@JG awG[m tiftm;rvHrk avmufe@J wm0efxrf;aqmifvm&wJt h cg jy\emtrsK;d rsK;d jzpfvmEdik yf gw,f? wm0efxrf;aqmifz@kd uakd wmif
jiif;qefvmawmhrSmyg? 'DtcgrSm tm%m&Sifwdk@tzGJ@[m quf+yD;touf&Sifzdk@ta&;twGuf vHk;yrf;vm&awmhrSmjzpfvdk@ t=urf;
rzuft=uyfuikd cf +H yD; ajymif;vJay;&wmrsK;d / Edik if aH &;tm%mudk tºuGi;f rJzh suo
f rd ;f +yD; ajymif;vJay;&wmrsK;d xd jzpfomG ;Edik pf &m &Sad eyg
awmhw,f?

t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJah e&mrSm aemufq;kH awmh ta&;=uD;wJ&h v'fawG xGuaf y:vmEdik zf @kd vykd gw,f? tJ't D wGuf aumif;aumif; tusL;d
oufa&mufEikd af tmif vkyaf y;&r,fu h pd (P 3)ck &SEd ikd yf gw,f? (u) yËdyuQukd pGe@f peG @f pm;pm; ajz&Si;f wJu h pd P (c) v_y&f mS ;wJt
h zG@J tcsi;f csi;f xm;&Sw
d hJ oabmxm;udpeP @J
(8) v_y&f mS ;olawGe@J tm%m&Siw
f @kd u pGr;f tm;awGukd tðydit f qdik f xkw,
f tl oH;k cswu hJ pd w
P @kd jzpfygw,f? 'Dtcsuaf wGtm;vH;k rSm t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;ay;Edik w f hJ
tcef;u¾awG[m tifrwefta&;=uD;vSygw,f?

v_y&f mS ;aeolawG ajymif;vJw;kd wufvm+yD

jynfoal wGu t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;vm=uwJt h cgrmS aumif;usK;d awG trsm;=uD; xGuaf y:vmygw,f? 'g[m ta&;ygwt hJ csujf zpfygw,f?
b,fvakd umif;usK;d awGvnf;qd&k if
o jynfow l @kd [m t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJeh nf;pepfyikd ;f udk odvmygw,f? ud, k w
f ikd f awG@óuHvu kd &f ygw,f?
o rdru d , kd uf v kd nf; av;pm;wwfvmovdk “v_y&f mS ;r_=uD;atmifjrifz@kd igvnf;yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;Edik w f ,f”qd+k yD; rdrud ,
kd u
f kd t&ifuxuf yd, k =kH unf
vmygw,f?
o a=umufwwfwphJ w d af wG/ tnHch tH av#mah y;vdpk w d af wG avsmeh nf; aysmufu, G o f mG ;ygw,f?
o rdrw d @kd vyk Ef ikd pf rG ;f eJ@ b,fae&mu yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;&rSmudk ydo k v
d mygw,f?
o tjcm;yËdyuQtrsK;d tpm;awGrmS rsm;aomtm;jzifh awG@jrifavh&w dS t
hJ wdik ;f yg0ifvy_ &f mS ;wJh jynfow l @kd [m pnf;vH;k nDnw $ w
f mawG/ ,dik ;f yif;ulnD
wmawG/ aoG;pnf;cdik rf mwmawGukd toH;k csvmEdik =f uygw,f?
o 'Dvakd umif;usK;d awGjzpfEikd zf @kd t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;=u&if;eJ@ xl;xl;jcm;jcm; t&nftaoG;awGvnf; xGuaf y:vmzd@k &Syd gao;w,f? Oyrmqd&k if
vlxak cgi;f aqmifawG xGuaf y:vmwmrsK;d jzpfygw,f?
o tm%m&Siu f kd qef@usizf @kd q+kd yD; vlra_ &;udk tajccHwnfaqmufxm;wJh tzG@J tpnf;awG&=dS uygw,f? 'DtzG@J awG[m pGr;f tm;&Sw d t hJ zG@J awGyg? tpd;k &
vufatmufcaH wG r[kw=f uygb;l ? olw@kd [m t&ifxufyt kd m;aumif;zd@k &SEd ikd yf gw,f? 'ga=umifh tem*wfrmS tm%m&Siu f kd qef@usit f w H zk @kd
cdik rf mwJt h ajccHpcef;awGukd jynfoal wG ydik q f ikd v
f m=uygawmhr,f?
o t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;r_=uD;udk qifEv J$ u kd w
f ma=umifh b,favmufyJ odoo d mom tm;aumif;wJh tpd;k & tkycf sKyfa&;awG &Sad yap/ b,favmufyJ
Edik x hf ufp;D eif; ESyd u f yG af eayap/ b,fvekd nf;eJ@ xda&mufatmif v_y&f mS ; &ke;f uef&r,fqw kd mudk yg0ifqifEzJ$ ;l olawGu aumif;aumif;em;vnf
wwfajrmufomG ;jyD jzpfygw,f?
&v'fuawmh a&&Snt f usK;d &Srd ,fh vlxpk rG ;f tm;awG wd;k yGm;vmzd@k &Sad eygjyD?

Edik if aH &;eJ@ ywfouf+yD;

t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wm[m &ufpufwhJ tm%m&Siaf wGe@J ppftpd;k &awGuakd wmif qef@usit f w
H zk @kd jzpfEikd yf gw,f? qef@usit f wH Ek ikd w f hJ
pGr;f tm;vnf;&Sad eygw,f? bma=umifyh gv?J ta=umif;uawmh t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJah e&mawG[m tm%m&Si&f @J tm;taysmq h ;kH ae&mawG jzpfv@kd ygy?J
tm%m&Si&f @J tjrifq h ;kH tm%mydik t f zG@J tpnf;eJ@ tpd;k &wzG@J v;kH [m jynfov l x
l uk kd rScD akd e&wmyg? 'g[m olw@kd &@J tm;tenf;qH;k aysmu h u
G yf gy?J
wu,fv@kd v_y&f mS ;olawG[m Edik x hf ufp;D eif; ESyd uf yG cf aH e&wJt h csed rf mS awmif tm%m&Siu f kd xde;f csKyfv@kd &wmawG &Sad eygw,f? olw@kd [m
Edik if aH &;tm%mZpfjrpfawGukd tcsed u f mvwcktxd uef@owfxm;Edik w f ,f/ jzwfawmufxm;Edik yf gw,f? tJ't D cgrmS tm%m&Si[ f m Edik if aH &; oGucf smyg'
vdu k o f mG ;zd@k jzpfvmEdik yf gw,f? ol@tpd;k &[mvnf; csed @J e@J jzpfomG ;Edik pf &m &Syd gvrd rhf ,f? tJ't D ajctae[m jyif;jyif;xefxefjzpfvm+yDq&kd ifawmh aemufq;kH rSm
tm%m&Si[ f m taES;eJ@tjref Edik if aH &;xrif;iwfaozd@k om &Syd gawmhr,f?
t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;wJah e&mrSm ,Ofaus;r_ uef@vef@um jcm;xmwm r&Syd gb;l ? e,fjcm;rsO;f owfrw S x f m;wm r&Syd gb;l ? bma=umifyh gv?J
eufeuf&id_ ;f &_Kd if; pOf;pm;rdomG ;wJh tcsuEf pS cf suaf =umifjh zpfygw,f? yxrtcsuu f Edik if aH &;tm%mqdw k mudk aumif;aumif;odomG ;vd@k yg? aemufwcsuu f
Edik if aH &;tm%mtay:rSm tajccH+yD; t=urf;rzufwehJ nf;eJ@ tm%m&Siu f kd jypf'%fcwf&mrSm vlrsK;d -bmom-,Ofaus;r_e@J rqdik w f thJ csuu f kd uGuJ jJG ym;jym;
odomG ;vd@k jzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh 'DurBm&J@b,fae&mrqdk zdEySd cf H jynfoal wGvw G af jrmufz@kd twGuf t=urf;rzufvy_ &f mS ;&if jzpfEikd zf @kd &ydS gw,f? usL;ausmf
odr;f ydu k v f mwJh jynfyjy\emawG/ rw&m;tm%m odr;f ydu k x
f m;wJh jynfwiG ;f jy\emawGukd ajz&Si;f wJt h cgrmS vnf; t=urf;rzuf v_y&f mS ;wJeh nf;eJ@ ywfouf
vmEdik pf &m &Sad eygw,f?

(jrefrmbmomjyef - vGiaf tmifp;kd )

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