Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1K views

    Ekda, Fnidrf CSRF A& QK Cefyrsef Csufrsm Wgif Or®Wod Odef Pdefyg0If

    Uploaded by

    Tun Wai
    The article discusses the Myanmar government's plans to reform the education system to better serve the country's development goals. It notes that the Ministry of Education has announced reforms to make education more relevant to the job market, including updating curricula and teaching methods. The reforms aim to strengthen education's role in fostering skills and knowledge needed for the country's social and economic progress. Experts say the changes could help Myanmar's youth gain qualifications better suited to the modern world if implemented effectively.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ekda, Fnidrf CSRF A& QK Cefyrsef Csufrsm Wgif Or®Wod Odef Pdefyg0If

    Uploaded by

    Tun Wai
    1K views64 pages
    The article discusses the Myanmar government's plans to reform the education system to better serve the country's development goals. It notes that the Ministry of Education has announced reforms to make education more relevant to the job market, including updating curricula and teaching methods. The reforms aim to strengthen education's role in fostering skills and knowledge needed for the country's social and economic progress. Experts say the changes could help Myanmar's youth gain qualifications better suited to the modern world if implemented effectively.

    Original Title

    vol.11-no.31

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The article discusses the Myanmar government's plans to reform the education system to better serve the country's development goals. It notes that the Ministry of Education has announced reforms to make education more relevant to the job market, including updating curricula and teaching methods. The reforms aim to strengthen education's role in fostering skills and knowledge needed for the country's social and economic progress. Experts say the changes could help Myanmar's youth gain qualifications better suited to the modern world if implemented effectively.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views64 pages

    Ekda, Fnidrf CSRF A& QK Cefyrsef Csufrsm Wgif Or®Wod Odef Pdefyg0If

    Uploaded by

    Tun Wai
    The article discusses the Myanmar government's plans to reform the education system to better serve the country's development goals. It notes that the Ministry of Education has announced reforms to make education more relevant to the job market, including updating curricula and teaching methods. The reforms aim to strengthen education's role in fostering skills and knowledge needed for the country's social and economic progress. Experts say the changes could help Myanmar's youth gain qualifications better suited to the modern world if implemented effectively.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 64

    http://www.7daynewsjournal.

    com

    twGJ(11)? trSwf(31)

    2002 rwf 7 wGif pwifxkwfa0onf

    1374 ckESpf? awmfovif;vjynhfausmf 11 &uf ? Mumoyaw;? (atmufwkdbm 11 ? 2012)

    EkdA,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qk cefYrSef;csufrsm;wGif orwOD;odef;pdefyg0if


    a':atmifqef;pkMunfonf EkdA,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qkukd 1991 ckESpfu &&SdcJhonf
    pawmh[krf;?atmufwdkbm-8
    ,ckESpftwGuf EdkA,fqk&moDpwifaeNyDjzpf&m EkdA,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qktwGuf cefYrSef;csufrsm;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHorwOD;odef;pdev
    f nf; yg0if
    aeonf/
    EkdA,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qkaumfrwDtaejzifh trnfpm&if; wifoGif;cH&olrsm;\ trnfrsm;ukd xkwfazmfajymMum;avhr&Sday/ odkYaomf
    aemfa0;EkdifiH atmfpvdkNrdKUrS Nidrf;csrf;a&;okawoetifpwDusK'f\tBuD;tuJ rpwmc&pf&Sefbmh*f[mADuifu Nidrf;csrf;a&;aumfrwD\
    vkyfyHkudkifyHkukdavhvmNyD; ESpfpOfyifqk&Ekdifajc&Sdol twkdcsKyfpm&if;udk xkwfjyefavh&SdcJhonf/
    tcsyfykd(B)odkY

    jynfolvlxk
    vdkvm;ygu
    orwvkyfrnf[k
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf
    ajymMum;
    tdjzLvGif
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-8
    jynf o l v l x k u om vd k v m;yg
    u orwvkyfrnf[k trsdK;om;
    'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyfOu|? jynf
    olv
    Y w
    T af wmfu,
    dk pf m;vS,f a':
    atmifqef;pkMunfu ,aeYjyK
    vkyfaom owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJ
    wGif ajymMum;vkdufonf/

    Ek d i f i H a &; ygwD w pf c k \
    acgif;aqmifjzpfonfhtwGuf
    orwtjzpf wm0efxrf;f aqmif
    &Jonfhowv
    d nf;&S&d rnf[ka':
    atmifqef;pkMunfu if;tae
    jzihf orwvkyf&ef tpDtpOf &Sd?
    r&Sdqdkonfh ar;jref;rItay:jyef
    vnfajzMum;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    orwOD;odef;pdefuvnf;
    ]]Ekid if &H UJ acgif;aqmifwpfa,muf
    jzpfzkdY? rjzpfzkdYqdkwm jynfol&JU
    oabmxm;ay:rSmyJ rlwnf
    w,f / jynf o l Y o abmxm;u
    vufcHw,fqkd&if uRef awmfu
    vnf; vufc&H rSmjzpfygw,f}}[k
    pm(12)okdY

    uarmZbPfrS
    odef;wpfaxmifausmf
    xkwf,lvmol
    wkdufckdufcH&

    vuf&SdwGif twkd;ay;olESihf aiGacs;olrsm;tMum; uwdpmcsKyf

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    aiGwkd;ay;oltcsKdU ylyefae
    at;jrwfol?odrfhodrfhpkd;
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-8
    &yfuGuf? aus;&GmESihf aps;rsm;twGif;
    vkdifpifrJh aiGwdk;acs;olrsm;ESihf ywf
    ouf vTwaf wmfwiG f aqG;aEG;rIvyk f
    NyD;aemufydkif; twdk;acs;olrsm;Mum;
    ylyefrIydkrsm;vmaMumif; ,if;tokdif;
    t0dkif;rS owif;&&Sdonf/
    rSwyf w
    kH ifvidk pf ifrhJaiGw;kd acs;pm;
    olrsm;tm; cGihfjyKcsuf rSwyf w
    kH ifr&Sb
    d J
    aiGw;kd acs;pm;yguThe Money Lenders

    Act. 1945 yk'fr 5 ESihf yk'fr 6 t& t

    a&;,lEkdifNyD; tao;pm;aiGa&;aMu;
    a&;vkyfief; Oya'yk'fr 54t& vkyf
    udkifcGifh vkdifpifr&SdbJ vkyfudkifjcif;udk
    wm;jrpfxm;aMumif; Mo*kwfv 17
    &ufwGif usif;yaom jynfolYvTwf
    awmftpnf;ta0; aqG;aEG;cJo
    h nf/
    ajrmufOuvmy NrdKUe,ftwGif;
    aiGwkd;ay;ol trsdK;orD;wpfOD;u
    ]]owif;pmrSm ygvmawmh acs;wJhol
    bufu rd;k om;wJo
    h al wGygvmw,f/
    EkdifiHawmftaeeJY jynfolbufuqdk

    awmh aiG&SifbufrSm Oya'qdkwm r&Sd


    awmhbl;/ tJ'Dawmh acs;wJholtcsdKUu
    wkdifcsif&mwkdifjzpfvmw,f}} [k qdk
    onf/

    owfrSwfcsufudk vkdufemrIr&Sd
    ygu The Money Lenders Act. 1945
    tufOya' yk'fr 17 t& aiG'Pfjzpf
    ap? oHk;vxd axmif'Pfjzpfap? jypf
    'PfESpf&yfpvHk;jzpfap uscHEkdifNyD; t
    ao;pm;aiGa&;aMu;a&;vkyfief; Oy
    a'yk'fr 57 t& aiG'Pfjzpfap?
    pm(12)okdY

    oef;aX;? tdjzLvGif
    &efukef?
    atmufwkdbm - 8
    urm&GwfNrdKUe,f&Sd uarmZbPf
    cGJwpfckrS aiGusyfodef;wpfaxmif
    ausmfxkwf,lNyD; jyefvmaom t
    at;cef; pufHkykdif&SifwpfOD;tm;
    vdIifom,mNrdKUe,fta&mufwGif
    a&SUrS um;ydwf&yfNyD; "m;ESihfxkd;
    onfjh zpf&yfwpfck atmufwb
    dk m 5
    &uf rGef;vGJ 1em&DcefYu jzpfyGm;cJh
    aMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    "m;xkd;cH&olrSmtouf 57
    ESpft&G,f TT International t
    at;cef;pufykH idk &f iS jf zpfNy;D 'Pf&m
    rsm;pGm&&Scd u
    hJ m &efuek jf ynfoaYl q;
    HkBuD;wGif aq;0g;ukorIcH,lae&
    NyD;if;ESit
    hf wlygvmonfh aiGusyf
    ode;f wpfaxmifausmrf mS rl vk,uf
    jcif;rcHcJh&aMumif; if;ESihfeD;pyfol
    vkyfief;&Siftokdif;t0kdif;u ajym
    onf/
    pm(12)okdY

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    awmifudk&D;,m;orwu jrefrmESihfEkdifiHtcsKdUukd Oyrmay;


    ajrmufudk&D;,m;tm; tajymif;tvJvkyf&ef wkdufwGef;

    jrefrmEdkifiH wpfzufzufeD;pyfoGm;rSmudk
    wkwfESifh tar&duef pdk;&drfp&mr&Sd[k
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf ajymMum;

    qdk;vf?
    atmufwdkbm-8
    awmifu&kd ;D ,m;orw vDajrmif
    bwf u ur m ay:wG i f rnf
    onfw
    h idk ;f jynfrS urmvH;k qkid &f m
    'Dru
    kd a&pDvyI &f mS ;rI jzpfay:vm
    onfudk jiif;qefr&aMumif;?
    'Drkdua&pD vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;onf
    ajrmuftmz&du? ta&SUtv,f
    ykid ;f ESifh jrefrmtmPm&Sif tpd;k &
    rsm;udk jzKwfcsNyD; tajymif;t
    vJrsm;ESihf yGifhvif;rIwdkYudk azmf
    aqmif & ef wG e f ; tm;ay;ae
    aMumif; ajymMum;vkdufonf/

    qdk;vfNrdKUawmfwGif udk&D;
    ,m;ppfrIxrf;a[mif;rsm; t
    oif; aeYv,fpmpm;yGu
    J si;f y&m
    wGif orwvDajrmifbwfu xdk
    odaYk jymMum;cJjh cif;jzpfonf/ if;
    u ]]tajymif;tvJavxkudk ck
    cHEkdifzG,fr&Sdygbl;/ qD;&D;,m;
    eJY jrefrmrSm jzpfNyD;aemuf 'DrSm
    vnf ; tajymif ; tvJ a&muf
    vkeD;yg;ygyJ}} [k ajymMum;cJhNyD;
    ajrmufukd&D;,m;onf urmvHk;
    qdkif&m 'Drkdua&pDpepfrS >cif;

    tdjzLvGif

    atmufwkdbm7&ufwGif ukd&D;,m;EkdifiHokdY a&muf&Sdvmaom orw OD;odef;pdef

    csufrjzpfEkdifaMumif; &nfTef;
    ajymqkdonf/
    orwvDonf NyD;cJhonfh
    arvu jrefrmEkdifiHodkY tvnf
    tywf a&muf&SdpOf orwOD;
    odef;pdeftm; jyifyurmodkY EkdifiH
    \ wHcg;rsm;zGihfay;jcif; tusdK;
    aus;Zl;rsm;udk ajrmufudk&D;,m;
    tm; tBuHPfay; em;cs&ef
    wdkufwGef;cJhaMumif;? ajrmufudk
    &D;,m;tm; jrefrmEkid if u
    H o
    hJ Ydk vkyf

    aqmif&ef azsmif;zsay;&ef ajym


    Mum;cJhaMumif; qdkonf/
    orwvDu ]]jrefrm[m
    rMumao;rDuyJ yGifhvif;vmcJh
    w,f/ 'g[m uRefawmfwdkY EkdifiH
    twGuo
    f m rubl;? tjcm;Ekid if H
    awG trsm;BuD ; twG u f v nf ;
    jzpfygw,f/ *syef? wkwf? tar
    &duef tygt0ifaygh/ tm;vHk;
    [m jrefrmEkdifiHeJY yl;aygif;
    aqmif&u
    G af eygNy}D }[k jrefrmEkid f

    iHudk Oyrmay; ajrmufudk&D;


    ,m;vnf; yGifhvif;ygu tusdK;
    &SdEkdifaMumif; ajymqkdcJhonf/
    or w OD ; od e f ; pd e f o nf
    qdk;vfNrdKUawmfodkY oHk;&ufMum
    c&D; tvnftywfa&muf&Sdae
    NyD; reufjzef t*FgaeYwGif vD
    ajrmifbwfESihf xdyfoD;aqG;aEG;
    yGJ jyKvkyfrnfjzpfonf/
    -Ref:Yonhap

    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-8
    jrefrmEkid if o
    H nf tar&duef jynfaxmifpEk iS fh wkwEf idk if H tMum;
    wpfzufzufodkY eD;pyfoGm;rnfudk ESpfEkdifiHpvHk;taejzihf pkd;&drf
    p&mr&SdaMumif; trsdK;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyfOu| a':atmif
    qef;pkMunfu if;\tar&duefjynfaxmifpck &D;pOf owif;pm
    &Sif;vif;yGJwGif ajymMum;vkdufonf/
    if;taejzifh wkwEf idk if o
    H v
    Ykd nf; oGm;a&mufvnfywf&ef
    qE&NdS y;D wkwEf idk if o
    H nf jrefrmEkid if \
    H tdref ;D csi;f Ekid if jH zpfonfh
    twGuf tdref ;D csi;f Ekid if EH iS fh qufqaH &;aumif;rGe&f ef ta&;BuD;
    aomaMumifhjzpfonf[k ajymMum;cJhonf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfu tar&duefjynfaxmifpo
    k Ykd oGm;
    a&mufcJhonfrSm jrefrmEkdifiHta&;twGuf ulnDay;cJhaom t
    ar&dueftpdk;&ukd aus;Zl;wifpum;ajym&efESihf jrefrmEkdifiH\
    vkdtyfcsufESihf vuf&Sdtajctaersm;ukd &Sif;jy&ef oGm;a&mufcJh
    jcif;jzpfonf[k ajymMum;onf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf tar&duefjynfaxmifpo
    k Ykd a&muf
    &Sad epOftwGi;f jrefrmEkid if EH iS fh ywfoufaom ydwq
    f t
    Ykd a&;,lrI
    rsm;ukd avQmhayghz,f&Sm;ay;cJh&m tar&duefvTwfawmftrwf
    rsm;onf xko
    d jYkd yKvyk &f eftwGuf jrefrmEkid if rH 'S rD u
    kd a&pDtiftm;
    pkrsm;ESihf aqG;aEG;wkdifyif oabmwlnDcsuf,lNyD;rSom vkyf
    aqmifjcif;jzpfonf[v
    k nf; a':atmif qef;pkMunfu ajymMum;
    cJhonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiHonf ydwfqdkYta&;,lrIrsm; cHc&hJ pOfwiG f tjcm;
    taemufEidk if rH sm;ESifh qufqaH &; jywfawmufcNhJ y;D wkw?f tmqD
    ,H ponft
    h a&SUykid ;f Ekid if rH sm;ESio
    fh m Ekid if aH &;pD;yGm;a&; qufqrH I
    rsm;&SdcJhonf/
    tcsyfydk (D)okdY

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    txufwef;a&SUaersm;udk 0ifaiGcGefpwifpnf;Muyf
    tcGefpnf;Muyfaom ykHpHaMumifh csdefbmqif;aom txufwef;a&SUaersm; tcufawGU

    cifyGef;ae&mtajymif;ta&TU
    aiGvkdufonhf 'k&JrSL;uawmf tvdrfcH&
    tdjzLvGif

    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 6
    &Jwyf&if;tajymif;ta&TUtwGuf ajymif;a&TUaMu;usyf
    odef; 30vdrfvnf,loGm;olrsm;udk &J0efxrf;\ ZeD;u
    vdrv
    f nfrjI zifh wkid Mf um; trIziG x
    fh m;aMumif; &efuek w
    f idk ;f
    &JwyfzGJUrSL;Hk;rS owif;&&Sdonf/
    trIjzpfymG ;yHrk mS rEav;NrKd UwGif wm0efxrf;aqmif
    aeaom 'k&JrSL;wpfOD;tm; ajymif;a&TUvdkonfh ppfukdif;
    wkid ;f a'oBu;D odYk ajymif;a&TU&ef pDpOfay;Ekid o
    f nf[q
    k
    dk
    if;'k&rJ LS ;\ ZeD;jzpfoEl iS fh oduRr;f zl;olu aqmif&Gufay;
    rnfqu
    dk m aiGusyo
    f ed ;f 50ESihf ndE iId ;f oabmwlcjhJ cif;jzpf
    aMumif;od&onf/
    xkdYaemuf ,ckESpfazazmf0g&D 23&ufESifh 27&ufwkdY
    wGif uarmZbPfrw
    S pfqifh aiGusyo
    f ed ;f 30udk urm&Gwf
    NrKdUe,fwiG af exkid o
    f l trsK;d om;wpfO;D tygt 0if oH;k OD;odYk
    'k&JrSL;ZeD;u vTJay;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    aiGvTJay;cJhNyD;aomfvnf; ajymif;a&TUjcif;udprSm
    xl;jcm;csufr&Sdojzifh aiGvdrfvnf&,loGm;ol oHk;OD;udk
    ta&;,lay;&ef ZeD;jzpfolu w&m;vdkjyKvkyfwkdifwef;
    cJhjcif;jzpfonf[kvnf;od&onf/
    tqkdygtrIudk urm&Gwf&Jpcef;u (y)372^12?
    jypfrI qkid &f mOya'yk'rf -420 jzifh trI zGiNfh y;D w&m;cHrsm;
    zrf;qD;&rda&;pHkprf;ppfaq;aeaMumif;od&onf/

    at;olpH
    &efukef? pufwifbm 27
    txufwef;a&SUaersm; udk
    ,ckESpfpufwifbmvrSp 0if
    aiGcGefxrf;aqmifNyD;rSom a&SU
    aevdkifpif oufwrf;wdk;cGihfjyK
    vdkufjcif;aMumihf trIBuD;rsm;
    wGif vdu
    k yf gynm,laeMuaom
    csdefbmqif;onhf txufwef;
    a&SUaetrsm;pk tcuftcJawGU
    aeaMumif; tqdkyga&SUaersm;
    ESihfw&m;a&;todkif;t0dkif;rS
    owif;&&Sdonf/
    ]]uRefawmfhuav;awGqdk
    b,folrS wpfESpf0ifaiG 12
    odef;txufr&Sdbl;/ 12 odef;
    rajymeJY ajcmufodef;awmifr&Sd
    bl;/ txufwef;a&SUae awmf
    awmfrsm;rsm;[m ynmvdck siv
    f Ykd
    0g&ifah &SUaeBu;D awGeYJ wGNJ y;D vdu
    k f
    Mu&wm/ uRef a wmf w d k Y a y;o
    avmuf r k e f U zd k ; av;eJ Y aeMu&
    wm/ b,ftrIonfrSvnf; ol
    wdu
    Yk ,
    kd ,
    kH MkH unfMunftrIrtyf
    ao;bl;/ 'gudk ckvdk0ifaiG &Sd&Sd
    r&Sd&Sd tcGefaqmifqdkwmawmh
    vHk;0rw&m;bl;/ tcGefaqmif
    NyD;rS oufwrf;wdk;qdkwm ydk

    awmif r w&m;ao;w,f } } [k
    a&S U aeuG e f & uf t zG J U rS w&m;
    vTwaf wmfa&SUae OD;udek u
    D ajym
    onf/
    txufwef;a&SUaersm;\
    2013-2014 b@mESpt
    f wGuf
    0if a iG c G e f u d k cef Y r S e f ; Bud K wif
    pnf;Muyfvdkufonhf tcGeftm;
    oufqdkif&mNrdKUe,f tcGefOD;pD;
    XmeHk;rsm;wGif ay;aqmif&ef
    owfrSwfxm;onf/ xdkokdY t
    cGefay;aqmifNyD;rSom vdkifpif
    oufwrf; wdk;ay;jcif;aMumifh

    vli,frsm;Mum; rl;,pfaq;tpm; aumfSLEIef; jrifhwufvm


    at;olpH
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-4
    rl;,pfaq;0g;tqifh rwwfEkdif
    onfh vli,frsm;tMum; aumf
    &SLEIef; jrifhrm;vmaeNyD; ,if;vl
    i,frsm;wGif t&G,rf a&mufao;
    onfh uav;oli,frsm; yg0if
    aeaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    t&G,fra&mufao;olu
    av;oli,frsm;twGif; rl;,pf
    aq;0g;tjzpf pufb;D uRwzf m&m
    wGio
    f ;Hk onhaf umfrsm;udk SLonfh
    EIef; ydkrkdrsm;jym;vmNyD; tqkdyg
    aumfrsm;rSm w&m;0ifowfrSwf
    xm;aom rl;,pfaq;0g;rsm;xJ
    wGif ryg0ifjcif;aMumifh wm;jrpf
    &ef tcuftcJ&adS eaMumif; r&rf;
    ukef;NrdKUe,f rl;,pfaq;0g; qefY
    usifha&;toif;\ twGif;a&;
    rSL; OD;cifaZmf(r&rf;uke;f ) u ajym
    onf/
    ]]ckaemufydkif; vrf;aysmf
    uav;awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
    aumf & S L wmawG yd k a wG U vm&
    w,f / 'D a umf q k d w muvnf ;
    w&m;0ifwm;jrpfxm;wJh rl;,pf
    aq;0g;eJY pdwu
    f akd jymif;vJapwJh
    aq;0g;pm&if;xJrSm rygawmh
    a&mif;cscGihf wm;jrpfxm;wm
    vnf; r&Sdbl;/ t"duuawmh

    rl;,pfaq;0g;udk tvG,fwul
    r&&SdvdkY &zkdYvG,fwJh 'Daumfudk
    ajymif;NyD; &SLvmMuwmyJ}} [k
    4if;u ajymonf/
    tqkdyg aumfrsm;rSm puf
    bD;avxkd;uRwfzm&mwGif t
    oH k ; jyKonh f aumf t rsKd ; tpm;
    jzpfNyD; a&ydkufrsm;wpfckESifhwpf
    ck csd w f q uf & mwG i f toH k ; jyK
    onhf aumfydkufrsm;udkvnf; rl;
    ,pfaq;0g;toGifjzifh toHk;jyK
    &SLdIufaeMuaMumif; od&onf/
    ]]'DaumfawGudk rl;,pfaq;0g;
    vdo
    Yk wfrw
    S Nf y;D ta&;,l&if puf
    bD ; avxk d ; qk d i f w d k Y ? yd k u f q uf
    ypnf;ta&mif;qkdifwdkYudk vuf
    0,fawGU&SdrIeJY ta&;,l&rvkd
    jzpfaeNyDaygh}} [k OD;cifaZmfu
    ajymonf/
    Ny;D cJo
    h nh&f ufowywfcefY
    uyif r&rf;ukef;NrdKUe,f &Spfrkdif
    rD;yGdKifhteD;wGif aumf&SLaeaom
    uav;&Spaf ,mufukd r&rf;uke;f
    NrdKUe,f e,fxdef;rS vkdufvHzrf;
    qD;&m av;a,mufzrf;qD;&rd
    cJah Mumif; rsujf rifuk,
    d af wGU MuKH
    cJh&ol udkatmifausmfu ajym
    onf / ]]uav;awG u awmf
    awmf i ,f y gw,f / vrf ; aysmf

    uav;awGjzpfyHk&w,f/ aumf
    &S L aewk e f ; &J u vmzrf ; awmh
    xGuaf jy;Muw,f/ av;a,muf
    awmh r d o G m ;w,f / a,musf m ;
    av;ESpfa,muf? rdef;uav; ESpf
    a,mufyg}} [k 4if;u ajymonf/
    tqkdygzrf;rdaom uav; av;
    OD;teuf oHk;OD;rSm touf16
    ESpfatmufjzpfaejcif;aMumifh
    ajymqdkqHk;rum jyefvTwfvkduf
    NyD; 16ESpfjynhfNyD;olwpfOD;udkrl
    r&rf;uke;f &Jpcef;rS yk'rf 30 (C)
    ESihf trIziG t
    fh a&; ,lxm;aMumif;
    tqkdyg zrf;qD;cJhonhf e,fxdef;
    xHrS owif;&&Sdonf/
    ,if ; od k Y aumf r sm;ud k rl ;
    ,pfaq;0g;rsm;tjzpf tokH;jyK
    SLIdufaeMuolrsm;rSm uav;
    i,frsm;tjyif touff 20 ESifh
    30 Mum;0ef ; usif vl i ,f vl
    vwfydkif;rsm;yg yg0ifaeNyD; aiG
    usyf 500 ESifh 1000 Mum;&SdkH
    ESihf rl;,pfaom t&omudk jrnf;
    prf;EkdifaomaMumifh vufvkyf
    vufpm;tvkyo
    f rm;tcsKUd vnf;
    okH;pJGMuaMumif; od&onf/
    ]]ygau;cif ; wJ h aumf q d k
    vnf; wpfbl;rS ig;&m? pufbD;
    uRwfqdkvnf; ig;&mwpfaxmif

    avmufyJ&Sdawmh rl;,pfaq;t
    ppfawG okH;zdkYvnf; aiGrrDawmh
    'DaumfawGudk &SLMuwm/ NrdKUxJ
    blwmBuD;wpf0u
    dk q
    f kd trsm;BuD;
    yJ/ NrdKUv,facgifql;av rD;yGdKifh
    em;rSmvnf; wpfyBHk u;D yJ/ uav;
    wcsKdUqdk ql;avyGdKifhem;u bDvf
    bkwfawGuG,fNyD; &SLaeMuwm/
    "mwkypnf;awGudk rD;IdUNyD; SL
    awmh usef;rma&;tE&m,f ydk
    rsm;r,fxifw,f}}[k 25 ESpf
    t&G,f vli,fwpfOD;u ajym
    onf/
    ,if;odYk aumfrsm;udk rl;,pf
    aq;toGifjzifh rD;IdU&SLIdufjcif;
    aMumifh touf&SLvrf;aMumif;
    qkdif&ma&m*grsm;? ESmacgif;ESifh
    qkid af om a&m*grsm;ESihf OD;aESmuf
    rS w f Pf r sm; ysuf p D ; ap
    Ekdifonfhusef;rma&; tE&m,f
    rsm;ESifh BuHKawGUEkdifaMumif; jynf
    olYusef;rma&;vkyfukdifaeonfh
    tifef*sDtdkwpfckrS a'gufwmpdk;
    rdk;atmifu ajymonf/ ]]aumf
    rS m ygwJ h j'yf a ygif ; awG u OD ;
    aESmufrw
    S
    f Pfukd ysupf ;D apNy;D
    pdwf*a,mifacsmufcsm;jzpfwJh
    txd qdk;0g;apw,f}} [k ajym
    onf/

    tcG e f a iG a y;oG i f ; &ef rwuf


    Ekid o
    f nht
    f xufwef; a&SUaersm;
    vdkifpif kyfodrf;cH&zG,f&SdaeNyD;
    pnf;MuyfceG af y;oGi;f &onfh EIe;f
    xm;rsm;rSmvnf; wpfNrdKUe,f
    ESihfwpfNrdKUe,f rwlnDaMumif;
    tcGefaqmifNyD;onhf a&SUaersm;
    u ajymonf/

    ]]uRefawmf prf;acsmif;
    tcG e f H k ; rS m usyf o H k ; aomif ;
    aqmifc&hJ w,f/ awmifOuvm
    rSm oli,fcsif;a&SUaetwGuf
    oG m ;aqmif a wmh usyf i g;
    aomif;ESpf axmifhig;&may;cJh&
    w,f/ prf;acsmif;tcGefHk;u
    OD ; pD ; rS L ;u pnf ; Muyf c G e f u d k
    b,f avmufaumufqkdNyD; EIef;
    rxGufvmao;awmh 'Davmuf
    awmh aqmifoGm;qdkNyD;ajym
    w,f}} [k txufwef;a&SUae
    OD;bdkbdku ajymonf/ ]]uRefr
    aewJh tif;pdeftcGefHk;rSm oGm;
    aqmif a wmh usyf i g;aomif ;
    awmif;w,f/ ray;Ekdifbl;ajym
    awmh av;aomif;awmh ay;vdkY
    tcG e f O D ; pD ; rS L ;uajymw,f /
    av;aomif;vnf;rwwf EkdifvdkY
    uRerf H;k cef;&Sw
    d hJ ausmufww
    H m;
    rSm ESpaf omif;oGm;aqmifw,f/
    NyD;awmh tcGefOD;pD;rSL;vuf
    rSwfcsvefeJY tif;pdefw&m;Hk;
    rSm vdkifpifoufwrf;oGm;wdk;
    awmh ausmufwHwm;rSm oGm;
    aqmifxm;vdkY w&m;r0ifbl;
    ajymw,f/ ckvvnf; ukefNyDqdk
    awmhuRerf vdik pf ifoufwrf;ukef
    oGm;awmhr,f/ trIvdkufvdkYr&
    awmhb;l }} [k txufwef;a&SUae
    a':csKdrmvGifuajymonf/
    txufwef;a&SUaersm; udk
    4if;wkdY\ trIvdkufonfhta&
    twGuf? wifjyonhfpm&Gufpm
    wrf ; tcsuf t vuf r sm;ay:
    wGirf w
    l nfumaumufcjHcif;jzpfNy;D
    owf r S w f x m;aom tcG e f u k d
    rwwfEkdifygu oufqdkif&mt
    cGefOD;pD;rSL;ESifh um,uH&SifwdkY
    om ndEIdif;Mu&efESifh 4if;tae
    jzifh rSwfcsufray;vdkaMumif;

    &ef u k e f w d k i f ; tcG e f O D ; pD ; Xme?


    wdik ;f tcGeOf ;D pD;rSL; OD;aomif;at;
    uajymonf/]]NrKd Ue,fwpfcek w
    Y J pfck
    EIef; rwlbl;ajymw,fqdkwmu
    a&SUaewpfa,mufeYJwpfa,muf
    trIvu
    kd &f wJt
    h a&twGu?f vkyf
    ief ; trsKd ; tpm; rwl b l ; av/
    olww
    Ykd ifjywJt
    h ay:rl wnfNy;D yJ
    aumufcw
    H mjzpfw,f}} [k 4if;u
    ajymonf/
    ,ckuJhokdY vmrnfhESpf t
    wGuf 0ifaiGudk BudKwifaqmif
    xm;&NyD ; bwf * suf y d w f o nh f
    ESpu
    f ek rf S trIta&twGuf ay:
    rlwnfum BudKwiftcGefydkrkday;
    aqmifxm;ygu aemufESpft
    wGuf xyfrHxnhfoGif;wGufcsuf
    ay;rnf[k qdkonf/ vdkaeygu
    xyf r H j znf h o G i f ; &rnf [ k qd k
    onf/ jynfNrdKUwGif ,if;odkY t
    xufwef;a&SUaersm;udk tcGef
    aiG a qmif N yD ; rS vd k i f p if o uf
    wrf;wdk;ay;jcif;aMumifh jynfNrdKU
    a&SUaeuGef&ufrS qEazmfxkwf
    &ef jyifqifcJhNyD; ,if;owif;
    aMumifh tcGefEIef;xm;udkusyf
    wpf a omif ; wpf a jy;nD o wf
    rSwfay;NyD; tcsKdUudk uif;vGwf
    cGihfay;cJhaMumif; jynfNrdKUcH t
    xufwef;a&SUae OD;xGe;f Edik o
    f ef;
    uajymonf/
    ]]tcGefqdkwm 0ifaiG&SdwJh
    EkdifiHom;wdkif;aqmifoihfwm
    rSefw,f/ 'gayrJhw&m;rQwrI
    &SdzdkYvdktyfw,f}} [k OD;udkeDu
    qufvufajymMum;onf/
    a&S U aersm;wG i f r vT J o m
    ra&Smifom cifrif&mcifrif
    aMumif; rdwfaqGrsm;udk 0dkif;0ef;
    ulnDtrIvdkufay;aom tcrJh
    tusKd ; aqmif r I r sm;&S d a eNyD ;
    ,ckuJhodkY 0ifaiGcGefay;oGif;&
    jcif;aMumihf tcrJhulnDaqmif
    &Gufay;rIrsm; enf;yg;oGm;Ekdif
    um trIonfrsm;twGuf epf
    emrIrsm; jzpfay:vmEkdifaMumif;
    Oya'a&;&muRr;f usio
    f rl sm;u
    qdkonf/

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    twkd;EIef;enf;enf;jzifh jrefrmokdYaiGacs;&ef *syefjyifqif


    wkdusKd? atmufwkdbm - 8
    *syef t pd k ; &onf vmrnf h E S p f
    qef;ykdif;rSp jrefrmEkdifiHodkY
    twkd;EIef;enf;enf;jzifh acs;aiG
    rsm; jyefvnfxkwfacs;oGm;&ef
    jyifqifaeaMumif; *syeftpkd;&
    owif;&if;jrpfrsm;udk ud;k um;
    *syef aeYpOfowif;pm ,kdrD,l&D
    uazmfjyvdkufonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiHodYk ,ckuJhodkY
    acs;aiGrsm; jyefvnfxkwfacs;
    ay;&ef t pD t pOf o nf 1980
    jynfhESpfrsm;rSp yxrqHk; jyef
    vnfxkwfacs;jcif;jzpfvmEkdif
    onf[k owif;uqkdonf/ vm
    rnfhMumoyaw;aeYwGif wkdusKd
    usif;yrnfh EkdifiHwumNrD&Sif
    rsm;ESifh aiGaMu;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;
    \ jrefrmEkdifiHokdY ulnDaxmuf
    yHha&;uGefz&ifhwGif *syeftpdk;&
    \acs;aiGtpDtpOfudk aMunm
    zG,f&SdaMumif;od&onf/
    acs;aiGrsm;rSm ,ef;aiGjzihf
    jzpfNyD; jrefrmEkdifiH w,fvDzkef;
    qufo,
    G af &;uGe&f ufrsm;wnf
    aqmufa&;? vrf;wHwm;ESiv
    fh Qyf
    ppf"mwftm;xkwv
    f yk af &;uJo
    h Ydk
    tajccHtaqmufttHkqkdif&m

    *syef0efBuD;csKyfESihfEkdifiHawmforw OD;odef;pdef

    pDrHudef;BuD;rsm;wGif b@ma&;
    taxmuftyHhjzpfap&ef &nf
    &G,f xkwfacs;jcif;jzpfonf/
    xkdYtjyif ,ckacs;aiGrsm;onf
    jref r mEk d i f i H w G i f vk y f i ef ; rsm;
    pwifrnfh *syefukrPDrsm;t
    wGuf tultnDjzpfap&efvnf;
    &nf&G,fonf/
    *syeftpdk;&onf tpkd;&
    ausmaxmuf a emuf c H j yKxm;

    aom Ekid if w
    H umyl;aygif;aqmif
    &Gufa&;*syefbPf (JBIC) tpD
    tpOfjzifhvnf; urmhbPfESifh
    tm&SzGHUNzdK;a&;bPf (ADB)wkdY
    odkY jrefrmEkdifiHu ay;qdyf&ef&Sd
    aoma<u;usefrsm; jyefqyfa&;
    tygt0if acs;aiGrsm; xkwaf cs;
    Ek d i f r nf h b@ma&;tpD t pOf
    wpfcka&;qGJxm;NyD;jzpfonf/
    ,if ; tpD t pOf t wG u f

    "mwfykH-emergingfrontiersblog.com

    NrD&SifEkdifiHrsm;ESihf tzGJUtpnf;
    rsm;\ obmwlnDcsufudk Mum
    oyaw;aeYwGif wkdusKdusif;y
    rnfh urmhbPfESifh EkdifiHwum
    aiGaMu;&efyakH iGtzGUJ wk\
    Yd ESppf Of
    yHkrSeftpnf;ta0;tNyD; jyKvkyf
    rnfh jrefrmEkdifiHodkY tultnD
    ay;a&;tpnf;ta0;wGif &&Sd
    zG,f&SdaMumif; owif;uazmfjy
    xm;onf/
    Ref: Yomiuri

    rav;&Sm;EkdifiH qDvefa*gjynfe,fwGif
    jrefrmEkdifiHom;ESpfOD;\ kyftavmif;rsm;awGU&Sd
    uGmvmvrfyl? atmufwkdbm - 8
    aoqHk;aeaom jrefrmEkdifiHom;ESpfOD;\ kyftavmif;rsm;
    udk rav;&Sm;EkdifiH qDvefa*gjynfe,f&Sd ywfwvif*sm,m
    ESi&fh mS ;tvrfNrKd Ursm; Ny;D cJo
    h nfah eYu awGUcJah Mumif; rav;&Sm;
    tmPmykdifrsm;u owif;xkwfjyefonf/
    yxrtavmif;udk awGUonfhjzpfpOfrSm wmrefq&Dql
    bef&yfuu
    G &f dS tdr&f mwpfcw
    k iG f arSmufvsuo
    f m; aoqH;k ae
    aom jrefrmvlrsK;d wpfO;D tm; eHeuf 10 em&DceYw
    f iG f jzwfoef;
    oGm;vmolwpfO;D u awGUrdjcif;jzpfonf/ ywfwvif*sm,m
    ckid f &JwyfzUJG tBu;D tuJu touf27ESpt
    f &G,cf ef&Y dStqkyd g
    aoqH;k olonf if;udk &SmrawGUcif ckepfem&D? &Spef m&Dtvdck efY
    uyifaoqHk;NyD;jzpfaMumif; cefYrSef;ajymMum;onf/
    if;u ]]aoqHk;ol&JU 0rf;AkdufrSm "m;xkd;cH&wJh'Pf&m
    awGUygw,f/ oleq
    YJ idk w
    f ,fvYkd xif&wJyh *k Kd vaf &;taxmuf
    txm;wpfcu
    k v
    kd nf; uReaf wmfwYdk &SmawGUcJyh gw,f}}[kajym
    onf/ &JwyfzGJUtaejzihf aoqHk;ol\ tvkyf&Sifudk ajc&mcH
    pHpk rf;aeqJjzpfNy;D if;\kyt
    f avmif;udk ppfaq;&ef uGmvm
    vrfylaq;HkodkYydkYaqmifxm;onf/
    &Sm;tvrfNrdKUwGif awGU&aom jrefrmvlrsKd;kyft
    avmif;rSmrl *svefuw
    kd m&m*smt&yfrS aps;qkid w
    f pfcak &SU vl
    oGm;vrf;teD;awGUcJ&h jcif;jzpfonf/ aoqH;k olrmS trsK;d om;
    jzpfNyD; touf 30t&G,f[k ,lq&um wpfOD;xufydkaom
    olrsm;\ owfjzwfjcif;ukdcH&EkdifzG,f&SdaMumif;,HkMunf&
    onf/ if;\kyt
    f avmif;udv
    k nf; uvef&w
    dS ef ultrf,&l ef
    &m[Drmaq;Ho
    k Ykdppfaq;&efyaYkd qmifxm;aMumif; &Sm;tvrf
    cdkif&JwyfzGJUuajymMum;onf/
    Ref: Malay Mail

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    'kdifrGef;pwm;ukrPD *sKHtdwfuGefwdefemyg vufeufudp ppfaq;aeqJ


    tdjzLvGif? rif;[def;ausmf
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-6
    ygupwefEidk if rH S wifoiG ;f onfh
    *sKt
    H w
    d rf sm;yg&So
    d nfh uGew
    f ed ef m
    ay:wGif ypwakd oewfEiS hf usnf
    qefrsm; yg&SdvmrIaMumifh Xme
    aygif;pkyH g0ifonfh pkpH rf;ppfaq;
    a&;tzJGUu ppfaq;rIrsm; vkyf
    aqmifaeNyD; ,ck&ufowywf
    ukefwGif tpD&ifcHpm xGuf&Sd
    vmEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; &efukef
    wkdif;a'oBuD; vkHNcHKa&;ESifh e,f
    pyfa&;&m 0efBuD;u ajymMum;
    onf/
    *sKHtdwfrsm;udk jrefrmEkdifiH
    &Sd 'kdif;rGef;pwm;ukrPDu pif
    umylEkdifiH&Sd ukrPDrSwpfqifh
    ygupwefEkdifiH&Sd Hassan All
    Rice Export ukrPDu wif
    oGif;cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif; pkHprf;od
    &onf/
    *sKt
    H w
    d rf sm;yg0ifaom uGef
    wdeef monfpufwifbm24&ufu
    oDv0gqdyfurf;rSwpfqifh '*kH
    ta&SUydik ;f NrKd Ue,f pufrZI ek &f dS 'dik ;f
    rGef;pwm;pufkHodkY a&muf&SdNyD;
    zGifhazmuf o,f,lpOf aoewf

    ESifh usnfqefrsm; yg0ifaom


    txk y f u d k a wG U &aomaMumif h
    oufqkdif&modkY taMumif;Mum;
    cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    qd y f u rf ; od k Y uG e f w d e f e m
    a&muf&ySd gu taumufceG Of ;D pD;
    XmeESifh wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u uGef
    wdeef mygypn;f rsm;udk zGiahf zmuf
    vnf;aumif; X-ray pufjzwf
    vnf;aumif; ppfaq; ppf
    aq;Ny;D ygrS qdyu
    f rf;rS xkw,
    f cl iG hf
    jyKaMumif; od&onf/
    qd y f u rf ; onf oabF m
    ay:rS ukefypnf;twiftcs
    wm0efudkom ,lay;NyD; uGef
    wdefemrsm;tm; zGifhazmufcGifh
    r&Sad Mumif;? oufqidk &f mtzJUG t
    pnf;ESifh ypnf;ydkif&Sifuom zGifh
    azmufppfaq;&jcif;jzpfaMumif;
    jrefrmEkdifiHtjynfjynfqkdif&m
    ukefpnfydkYaqmifa&; 0efaqmif
    rI v k y f i ef ; &S i f r sm;toif ; rS
    'gkdufwm OD;armifarmifOD;u
    ajymonf/
    xdkYaMumifh ,ckjzpfpOfwGif
    X.ray puftajctaeESihf tjcm;
    taMumif;t&mrsm;udk rod&Sdyg

    aMumif; jrefrmtjynfjynfqkdif
    &m qdyfurf;(oDv0g)rS refae
    *smwpfOD;u ajymonf/
    oDv0gqdyu
    f rf;wGif X.ray
    puf&Sdaomfvnf; pufaumif;
    rGefjcif; &Sd? r&SdESifh uGefwdefemyg
    ypn;f rsm;onf pufujkd zwfoef;
    jcif; &S?d r&Sd tygt0if vma&muf
    &m vrf;aMumif;wpf avQmufukd
    ppfaq;aeNyDjzpfaMumif; od&
    onf/
    pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;tzJGU\
    tpD & if c H p mt& vk d t yf a om
    ta&;,lrIrsm;udk vkyfaqmif
    oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;vnf; vkHNcHK
    a&;ESifh pkHprf;a&;&m0efBuD;u
    ajymonf/
    wpfcgwpf&HwGif uGefwdef
    emrsm; a&muf&SdrIrsm;ygu ppf
    aq;&onfh ypnf;rsm; rsm;jym;
    ojzifh ypnf;xkwf,lrI MuefYMum
    rItygt0if ppfaq;rIrsK;d vkyf
    ief;cGif tcuftcJrsm;vnf;&Sd
    wwfaMumif; ,ckjzpfpOfwGif
    ayghqrIom jzpfEkdifaMumif; t
    aumufcGef&Sif;vif;a&; at
    *sifpDwpfcku ajymMum;onf/

    tcsOf&nfrsm; "mwfcJGppf&mwGif qmvzsL&pftufppfjyif;awGU


    0wf&nfatmif &efukef?atmufwdkbm-5
    aps;uGuftwGif; a&mif;csaeonfh tcsOf&nfrsm;wGif pm;oHk;ol
    rsm;twGuf tE&m,f&Sdonfh wm;jrpfqdk;aq;rsm;? wm&SnfcH&ef
    toHk;jyKxm;onfh "mwkypnf;rsm;? pm;oHk;&efroifhonfh qmv
    zsL&pftufqpfjyif;rsm; xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKxm;onfukd "mwfcJG
    awGU&S&d aMumif; pm;oH;k olumuG,af &;toif;rS owif;&&So
    d nf/

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    UMFCCI &Sd ukefxkwfvkyf


    olrsm; tpm;taomuf zGHUNzdK;
    wkd;wufa&; "mwfcGJcef;wGif ppf
    aq;xm;jcif;jzpfNyD; xkdtcsOf
    &nfxkyfrsm;wGif xkwfvkyf
    onfh &ufpGJ? ukefqHk;onfh&ufpGJ?
    ukefypnf;twGif; yg0ifonfh
    ypnf;rsm; tcsdK;tqrsm;? FDA
    \ cGifhjyKcsuf ponfhazmfjycsuf
    rSp ae&yfvdyfpmrsm;yif ryg
    &SdaMumif; pm;oHk;olumuG,f
    a&;toif;Ou| OD;Atkyfckdifu
    ajymonf/
    ]]vdyfpmawmif rygbl;qdk
    awmh b,fvdkrSudk ,HHkMunfvkdY
    r&Ekdifawmhbl;av}}[k OD;Atkyf
    ckdifu qufvufajymonf/
    tpd k ; &r[k w f o nf h tzG J U
    tpnf;jzpfonfhtwGuf Xme
    qdkif&mudk wifjyjcif;rsdK; aqmif
    &Gurf nf r[kwaf omfvnf; ouf
    qk d i f & m wm0ef & S d o l r sm;rS 0if
    a&muf p pf a q;ta&;,l j cif ;
    rsm;tjyif a&mif;csol pm;oHk;
    olawGuvnf; rnfonfhu k e f
    yp n f ; rsm; yg0if a erS e f ; rod
    onfh pm;aomufukefrsm;tm;
    a&SmifMuOfoifhaMumif; OD;Atkyf
    ckdifuajymonf/ pm(12)okdY

    Home
    2012 atmufwbdk m10rS16&ufxd
    rdk;av0oESihf ZvaA'cefYrSef;csuf
    b*Fvm;yifv,fatmf rkew
    f kdif;tajctae
    ,ck&ufowywftwGif; b*Fvm;yifv,fatmfawmifydkif;rSm
    avzdtm;enf;&yf0ef;wpfck jzpfvm&mrS ydrk t
    kd m;aumif;vmEkid yf g
    w,f/ taemufajrmufbufudk OD;wnfa&GUvsm;NyD; tdEd,EkdifiH
    ta&SUajrmufydkif;udk jzwfausmfEkdifygw,f/ taemufawmifrkwf
    okHav[m jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;vkH;rS vkH;0qkwfcGmEkdifygw,f/
    b*Fvm;yifv,fatmfrmS wdrt
    f enf;i,frS toift
    h wif jzpfxeG ;f
    EkdifNyD; uyvDyifv,fjyifrSm wdrf;toifhtwifhjzpfxGef;Ekdifyg
    w,f/
    jrefrmhyifv,fjyif tajctae

    jrefrmhyifv,fjyifeJY urf;vGefyifv,fjyifrSm vIdif;tenf;
    i,fom &SEd idk yf gw,f/ vIid ;f t jrifh 1 ayrS 2 aytxd &SEd idk yf g w,f/
    rdk;&GmoGef;rI tajctae

    rkd;av0o N*dK[fwkrS wkdif;wmcsuft& NyD;cJhwJh atmufwdk
    bmv 1-6 &uftxd &ufowwpfywftwGif;rSm jrefrmEkdifiH
    taemufajrmufydkif;a'orSm rkd;trsm;qkH; &GmoGef;cJhygw,f/ rkd;
    a&csed f 3 vufrrS 4 vufrcefeY YJ useaf 'oawGrmS rd;k a&csed f 1 vufr
    rS 1 vufrcJGcefY &GmoGef;cJhygw,f/
    rdk;&GmoGef;EkdifrI cefYrSef;csuf

    cefYrSef;umvtwGif; jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;[m xpfcsKef;r,fh
    tajctaersm; ydkrdkvmEkdifygw,f/ txl;ojzifh rGef;vJGnaeydkif;
    rsm;rSm rk;d wdraf wmifrsm; jzpfay:Ekid yf gw,f/ &Sr;f jynfe,fajrmuf
    ydik ;f eJY weoFm&Dwidk ;f rSm ae&muGuu
    f sm;eJY &Sr;f jynfe,fawmifyikd ;f eJY
    ta&SUydkif;? u,m;jynfe,f? u&ifjynfe,feJY rGefjynfe,fwdkYrSm
    ae&musJusJ? usefjynfe,feJY wkdif;a'oBuD;awGrSm ae&mpdyfpdyf
    rkd;xpf csKef;&GmEkdifygw,f/ ppfudkif;wkdif; txufydkif;rSm a'ot
    vku
    d ef YJ &cdik jf ynfe,fajrmufyikd ;f eYJ csi;f jynfe,fawmifyikd ;f ? ucsif
    jynfe,feYJ weoFmF &Dwikd ;f wdrYk mS ae&muGuu
    f sm; 1 &ufrS 2 &ufcefY
    rkd;BuD;Ekdifygw,f/
    rkd;wdrfawmifrsm; jzpfay:EkdifrI tajctae

    wpfjynfv;Hk wGif tyl&edS rf sm;eJY xpfcsKe;f r,fh tajctaersm;
    odoo
    d mom qufvuf jrifw
    h ufvmEkid /f ucsijf ynfe,f? ppfuikd ;f
    wkdif;? &Srf;jynfe,fawmifydkif;eJY rEav;wkdif;ajrmufykdif;wdkYrSm
    rdk;wdrfawmifrsm; jzpfay:Ekdifajc trsm;qkH;&SdNyD; aocsmrI 70
    &mcdik Ef eI ;f &Syd gw,f/ csi;f jynfe,f? rauG;wkid ;f ajrmufyikd ;f ? rEav;
    wdkif;ajrmufydkif;? yJcl;wkdif;ta&SUajrmufydkif;? &Srf;jynfe,f ajrmuf
    ydik ;f eJY ta&SUydik ;f a'oawGrmS rk;d wdraf wmifjzpfzYkd 40 &mcdik Ef eI ;f rS 50
    &mcdik Ef eI ;f txd &SEd idk yf gw,f/ wpfjynf vk;H wGif xpfcsKe;f r,ft
    h ajc
    taersm; qufvufjzpfay:Ekdif/ avjyif;wkdufcwfjcif;? ae&m
    uGuf rkd;BuD;jcif;? rdk;BudK;ypfjcif;wdkYudk owdxm;zdkY vdktyf/ ukef;
    jrifheJY awmifMum;a'orsm;wGif vQyfwpfjyuf a&BuD;rIudk owdjyK
    &efvdktyf/
    aeYtylcsdefrsm; tajctae

    jrefrmEkdifiH ta&SUawmifydkif;rSm tylcsdefrsm;eJY xpfcsKef;
    r,hftajctaersm; ododomom jrifhwufvmEkdif/ txl;ojzifh
    weoFm&Dwidk ;f rsm; tyl&edS t
    f jrifrh m;qk;H wufEidk /f ucsijf ynfe,feJY
    &Srf;jynfe,f ajrmufydkif;wdkYrSm tylcsdefykHrSefcefY&SdEkdifaomfvnf;
    useaf 'orsm;rSm tylcsed yf rHk eS x
    f uf jrifrh m;Ekid yf gw,f/ txl;ojzifh
    weoFm&Dwkdif;? u&ifjynfe,f? rGefjynfe,f? yJcl;wkdif;? &efukef
    wkdif;pwJha'oawGrSm wkdif;wm&&SdwJh tjrifhqkH;tylcsdefxuf
    cHpm;&wJh tylcsdefawG[m ydkaeNyD; tcsKdU&ufawGrSm 100 'D*&D t
    xufausmv
    f eG Ef idk yf gw,f/ tylcsed t
    f vGejf rifrh m;rIaMumifh touf
    t&G,fBuD;&ifholeJY uav;i,frsm;? a&m*gtcH&Sdol rsm; polwkdY&JU
    use;frma&;udk xd cdkufEkdifygw,f/
    jrpfa&tajctaeeJY a&BuD;rI tvm;tvm

    jrefrmEkdifiHwpf0ef;vkH;wGif a&vTrf;rdk;rI tvm;tvmrsm;
    qufvufavsmhenf;Ekdifygw,f/
    awmifwkwfyifv,fjyif tajctae

    awmifwkwyf ifv,fjyifrmS tckvmr,fh &ufowwpfywf
    twGif;rSm rkefwkdif;rsm; ykHrSefxuf ausmfvGefjzpfay:Ekdif/ jrefrm
    EkdifiHbufudkvnf; ta&SUbufrS rkefwkdif;t<uif;tusefeJY av
    ayGvidI ;f rsm; a&muf&v
    dS mEkid f zG,&f m tajctaersm; &SEd idk yf g w,f/
    txl;jzifh vuf&Sdjzpfay: aeaom tylydkif;rkefwkdif; GAEMI onf
    AD,uferfurf; ajcudk jzwfausmNf y;D ol\t <uif;tusef wdrw
    f u
    kd f
    onf jrefrmEkdifiH u&ifjynfe,f? rGefjynfe,fwdkYrSwpfqifh jrpf0
    uRef;ay:a'oawmifydkif;udk jzwfausmfoGm;zG,f&m &Sdygw,f/

    a'gufwmxGef;vGif

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    jrefrmhb@ma&;Oya' touf0if&ef Oya'wpf&yf tdkbm;rm; vufrSwfxdk;


    0g&Sifwef? atmufwdkbm-6
    tar&dueforw tdkbm;rm;
    u jrefrmEkdifiH\ jyKjyifajymif;
    vJa&;udk axmufyHhay;aeaom
    EkdifiHwumb@ma&;tzJGUt
    pnf ; rsm;tm; tar&d u ef
    axmufcHtm;ay;&mwGif ydkrdk
    vG,u
    f al prnfh Oya'wpf&yfukd
    vufrSwfa&;xdk;xkwfjyefvkduf
    aMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    xkdOya'onf NyD;cJhonfh
    vu uGef*&ufwGif jrefrmt
    ay: tar&duefu b@ma&;
    ESifh tjcm;ydwfqdkYrIrsm; kyfodrf;
    ay;NyD;aemuf xGufay:vmjcif;
    jzpfonf/Oya'rSm orwOD;ode;f

    pd e f OD ; pD ; aqmif & G u f a eaom


    Ekid if aH &;yGiv
    hf if;rIukd tm;ay;&ef
    jzpfonf/
    tar&duefb@ma&;0ef
    BuD;Xmeu orwvufrSwfa&;
    xdk;vkdufaom ,ckOya'opf
    onf jrefrmEkdifiH aumif;rGef
    aom tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh pD;yG;a&;
    ay:vpD jzpfay:ap&ef ckdifrm
    tm;aumif;aom tzJGUtpnf;
    rsm;udk axmufcHyhHydk;ay;oGm;
    rnf[k qkdon/
    xdkYtjyif urmhpD;yGm;a&;
    e,f y ,f x J jref r mEk d i f i H j yef
    vnaygif;pnf;0ifaa&mufa&;
    ESifh zHGUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;wdkYudk yHhydk;

    ay;Ekdifrnf[k qkdonf/
    uefb@ma&;Xme vuf
    axmuf0efBuD; eD,,f0lvifu
    ]]'DOya'csrw
    S v
    f u
    dk jf cif;[m tJ'D
    b@ma&;tzJGUtpnf;awGu
    jrefrmEkdifiHrSm wm0efcHrI? yGifh
    vif ; jrif o mrI ? aumif ; rG e f w J h
    tkyfcsKyfa&;&SdrI? ajymif;vJa&;
    jzpfay:rlwdkY tompD;&atmif
    vkyfzdkY? tar&duefay:vpDawG
    azmfaqmifEkdifpGrf;vnf; &Sdvm
    apygvdrfhr,f}}[k ajymonf/
    0g&S i f w ef o nf Zl v k d i f v
    twGif;u jrefrmEkdifiH tar
    &duefukrPDrsm; &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI
    ydwfqdkYxm;jcif;udk ajzavQmhcJh

    onf/ xkdYaemuf NyD;cJhonfhv


    twGif; jrefrmtay: ydwfqdkY
    xm;aom jrefrmydkYukef wifydkYrI
    udkvnf; jyefvnfcGifhjyKrnf[k
    aMunmcJhNyD;aemuf ,ck orw
    tdb
    k m;rm; vufrw
    S af &;xd;k aom
    jrefrmhb@ma&;Oya' jzpfay:
    vmjcif;jzpfonf/
    tar&duefu jrefrmEkdifiH
    tay: ,cifyw
    d q
    f rYkd rI sm; jrefrm
    EkdifiHtm; b@ma&;tultnD
    ay;aom tzJGUtpnf;rsm; udkyg
    ydwfyif&ef yg0ifcJh&m ,ckOya'
    xGuaf y:vmjcif;rSm tqkyd g ydwf
    yif r I r sm;tm; ajzavQmh a y;cJ h
    jcif;vnf; jzpfonf/ -Ref: AFP

    jynfe,f 0efBuD;rsm; a'owGif;&Sd oufqkdif&mXmersm;tay: MoZmrvTrf;Ekdif


    jrwfpkrGef
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-4
    jynfe,fESifhwkdif; tcsKdU&Sd wkdif;
    a'oBu;D tpd;k &tzJUG 0if0efBu;D rsm;
    onfomreft&yfom;b0rSa&G;
    aumufwifajrm ufc&H jcif;aMumifh
    wufvmolrsm;jzpf&mXmeqkid &f m
    t&m&Srd sm;\ av;pm;emcHrItm;
    enf;aeao;aMumif; &cdkifESifh
    csif;jynfe,frS a'ocHrsm;u
    okH;oyfonf/
    ]]jynfe,ftpdk;&&JU jyKjyif
    ajymif;vJrIawGu tm;&p&m
    r&Sdygbl;/ uRefawmfwdkYNrdKUudk
    jynfe,f0efBu;D wpfa,muf vm
    w,fqdk&if olu omreft&yf
    om;0efBuD;jzpfoGm;wmaMumifh
    Xmeqkdif&m t&m&SdawGu odyf
    ta&;rpdu
    k cf sib
    f ;l / jynfaxmif
    pk tqifhvm&ifawmh ysm,m
    cwfaew,f}} [k ajrmufOD;NrdKU rS
    a'ocHwpfOD;uajymonf/
    xdkYjyif olu qufvuf
    jyne,ftpdk;&tzJGUonf jynf
    e,fwiG ;f Xmeqkid &f m t&m&Srd sm;
    tay: vkyfief;ydkif;qkdif&m wm
    0efcsxm;ay;rIwGif vTrf;rdk;Ekdif
    pGrf;r&SdaMumif; okH;oyfonf/
    xdkYjyif jynfe,ftpdk;&rsm;
    ESifh vTwfawmf\ aqG;aEG;rIrsm;

    rSmvnf; ,ckwkdif touf0if


    jcif; r&Sdao;aMumif; csif;wkd;
    wufa&;ygwDrS wm0ef&Sdolwpf
    OD;u ajymonf/
    ]]txl;ojzifh csi;f jynfe,f
    vT w f a wmf u touf r 0if
    ao;bl;/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh
    olwdkYu txufu ckdif;rSvkyf
    wwfwJh trltusifha[mif;awG
    eJ Y tpk d ; &0ef B uD ; awG x J r S m vl
    om;t&if ; tjrpf t m;enf ; rI
    aMumifhyJ/ 'Dawmh atmufajc
    0efxrf;awGuvnf; tkt
    d ao
    wefvmr,f/ olwkdYu 'Dig;ESpfyJ
    vkyfrSm/ igwkdYudk vpmay;xm;
    wmvnf; r[kwfbl;qdkwJh pdwf
    &SdaeMuw,f}} [k csif;wkd;wuf
    a&;ygwDrS taxGaxGtwGif;
    a&;rSL;OD;i,fyD;u okH;oyfajym
    Mum;onf/
    &cdkifjynfe,f tpkd;&tzJGU
    onf tpkd;&oufwrf;wpfESpf
    ausmf umvMumjrifhvmaomf
    vnf; tmrcHcsufrsm;udk t
    aumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Guf
    Ekid rf I r&Sjd cif;? vkyif ef;aqmifwm
    aES;auG;rIrsm;ESifh ywfouf
    jynfe,fvTwfawmf tpnf;t
    a0;wG i f ygwD p k H r S vT w f a wmf
    udk,fpm;vS,frsm;u owday;
    aqG;aEG;cJah Mumif; jynfe,fvw
    T f

    awmfu d k , f p m;vS , f w pf O D ; u
    ajymonf/
    ]]vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
    awG 10 OD;txd 'DtaMumif;udk
    aqG;aEG;cJw
    h ,f/ jynfe,ftpd;k &
    u vkyfydkifcGifh&Sdwmudk tjynfh
    t0 rvkyfbl;/ vTwfawmfrSm
    twnfjyKNyD; tmrcHvkdufwJht
    ydkif;awGudk wpfckrS taumift
    xnfray:bl;/ wcsKUd 0efBu;D Xme
    awGu jynfob
    Yl @mudk jzKe;f ae
    ovd k jzpf a ew,f } } [k &ck d i f
    jynf e ,f vT w f a wmf u d k , f p m;
    vS,f OD;atmifjrausmfu ajym
    onf/
    &cdik jf ynfe,ftpd;k &tzJUG rS
    jynfe,f0efBuD;wpfOD;u ]]wm
    0ef,lxm;&wJh XmeawGu rsm;
    NyD/ vkyfEkdifwJh 0efBuD;ta&t
    wGufu enf;aew,f/ 0efBuD;
    wpfa,mufudk Xmetrsm;BuD;
    wm0ef,lxm;&wmrsKd;jzpfae
    w,f}} [k ajymonf/
    xkdYtjyif u&ifjynfe,f?
    bm;tHcdkiftkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;OD;&J
    Ekdifuvnf; ]]udpwpfck&Sdwkdif;
    jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyftygt0if
    uufbdeufuyJ qkH;jzwfwmyJ/
    NyD;awmh vkyf&r,fh wm0efawG
    udk tpdk;&Hk;tzJGUu xkwfjyef
    wmud k uRef a wmf w d k Y v k d u f e m

    vkyaf qmif&wm/ t&ifuxuf


    awmh ykHpHajymif;oGm;ygw,f/
    0efBu;D awGxrJ mS t&ifu&yfuu
    G f
    tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; vkyfcJholawG
    vnf;ygw,f/ ynmt&nft
    csif; tm;enf;olawGygw,f/
    'g ayrJh olwpfa,mufwnf;u
    qkH;jzwfwm r[kwfygbl;}} [k
    ajymonf/
    jynf e ,f E S i f h wk d i f ; vT w f
    awmftpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif rnf
    onf h tcsuf t vuf r sm;ud k
    aqG;aEG;oGm;onfqdkaom t
    ao;pdwftcsuftvufrsm;Ekdif
    iHydkifowif;pmrsm;rS wpfqifh
    xkwfjyefay;&efvnf; vdktyf
    aMumif; csif;wkd;wufa&;ygwDrS
    wm0ef&ydS *k Kd vu
    f tBuHjyKonf/
    ]]aejynfawmfrSm vkyfwJh
    vTwfawmftpnf;ta0;awGqdk
    &if bmawG a qG ; aEG ; w,f q d k
    wm xkwfjyefw,f/ jynfe,feYJ
    wkdif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfawG
    toufr0ifwmu tJ'Dvdk
    rxkwfjyefawmh jynfolawG od
    cGifhr&vdkYvnf; jzpfr,f/ jynf
    e,feJYwkdif;a'oBuD; vTwfawmf
    awG r S m owif ; ,l w J h owif ;
    axmufawG &Sdoifhygw,f}} [k
    OD;i,fyD;u tBuHjyKonf/

    vifr,m;&efjzpf&mrS qkdifcef;udk rD;dIU


    odrhfodrfhpdk;

    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 4
    vifr,m;csif; &efjzpfpum;rsm;&mrS qkdifcef;tm; "mwfqDavmif;rD;dIUrIwpfck atmufwkdbm 3&uf nu oCFef;uRef; bDtkdpDrSwf
    wkdifteD;wGif jzpfyGm;cJhaMumif; rD;owfOD;pD;XmerS owif;&&Sdonf/
    ,if;rD;avmifrIaMumifh qHk;HI;rIwefzkd;usyf25odef;&SdNyD; 'Pf&m&&SdolrSmvnf; ajcmufOD;&SdcJhaMumif; rD;owfOD;pD;XmerS
    wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uajymonf/ r;D avmifro
    I nf oCFe;f uRe;f &yfuu
    G f av;axmifu
    h efvrf;ray:&SdNct
    H rSwf52 rS tif*si0f idk t
    f a&mif;
    qkdifwGifjzpfyGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ ,if;jzpf&yfaMumifh 10 ay_ay 30 tus,f &Sdonfh oGyfrkd;x&HumtaqmufttHkrD;avmifcJhonf/
    rD;avmifrIonf atmufwkdbm 3 &uf n 9em&D 10rdepfwGif pwifjzpfyGm;NyD; 9 em&D 43rdepfwGifrS rD;Nidrf;oGm;ojzifh em&D
    0ufausmfMumcJhonf/ xkdrD;avmifrIodkY rD;owfXmerS rD;owf,mOf 25pD;? tkyfcsKyfrI,mOfav;pD;? taxmuftuljyK,mOf&SpfpD;
    oGm;a&mufum rD;owfwyfzGJU0if 236OD;ESihf t&efrD;owf 116OD;wdkYjzihf Nidrf;owfcJhMuonf/ MuufajceDwyfzGJUrSvnf; wyfzGJU0if
    100 OD; rD;avmifrIodkY vma&mufNidrf;owfcJhaMumif;od&onf/

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    tanmif;rdMuolrsm;eJY
    kyfzsufxm;wJh urm
    Oumukdudk
    cw m onf yef ; Ek a &mif
    EI w f c rf ; eD a wmif h u d k EI w f c rf ;
    ESpfvTmay: cyfxlxl okwfvdrf;
    vd k u f o nf / tv,f t vwf
    wef;pm; rdwfuyfbl;av;udk
    zGifhum rsufESmay: wzsyfzsyf
    dkufvdkufNyD; qHyifudkcyfzGzGoyf
    wifvdkufonf/ tcsdefu nae
    ajcmufem&D&SdygNyD/
    nOfheufonfESifhtrQ ,r
    umqdkifwcsKdUrS jyefvmMuaom
    tanmif;rdol trsKd;om;trsm;
    pkudk olrwdkYu 0efaqmifrI
    aumif;aumif;ay;&awmhrnf
    jzpfonf/ 'DvukefvQif e,frSm
    &Sdaom qif;&JEGrf;yg;onfh olr
    \ rd o m;pk x H j yef y d k Y & rnf h aiG
    aMu;yrmP rjynfah o;aMumif;
    udkvnf; cwmodxm;ygonf/
    trsm;pku rmqwf[k t
    vG,fwulac:a0:aeMuaom

    tESdyfcef;(Massage) rsm;onf
    ajcvufESdyfe,frIrsm;twGuf
    0efaqmifrIay;&ef zGifhvSpfxm;
    jcif;jzpfaomfvnf; jynfw
    h efqm
    vkyif ef;tm; w&m;0ifciG jhf yKxm;
    jcif ; r&S d o nf h a e&ma'orsm;
    twGuf xdktESdyfcef;trsm;pku
    [efjyvkyfief;tjzpf &yfwnf
    aeavh&o
    dS nf/ odaYk omf tESyd f cef;
    tm;vHk;onf vdif0efaqmifrI
    vkyfief;ESifh ywfoufaejcif;
    awmh r[kwfay/
    jrefrmEdkifiHwGif &efukefNrdKU?
    rEav;NrdKU? aejynfawmfpaom
    NrdKUawmfBuD;rsm;tjyif jynfe,f
    ESihf wdik ;f a'oBuD;toD;oD;&Sd NrKd U
    e,frsm;udyk g tESyd cf ef;,Ofaus;
    rIwpf&yf t&Sdeft[kefjzifh xGef;
    um;vmaecJNh yD jzpfonf/ 2002
    ckESpfcefYtxd tESdyfcef;udk Mum;
    zl;Hkom&SdNyD; udk,fwdkif'd|awGU
    MuHKzl;jcif; r&SdMuao;onfh e,f

    tESdyfcef;wpfck\ twGif;ykdif;jrifuGif;

    NrdKUav;rsm;rSm ,ck 2012 ckESpf


    rSmawmh tESdyfcef;udk,fpDjzifh
    aysmf&TifrIudk&SmazGwwfaeMu
    ygNy/D NrKd UcHtrsK;d om;xkawGonf
    vnf; anmif;nmudkufcJjcif;?
    taMumwufjcif;ponfwdkYudk
    ydkrdkowdjyKcHpm;rdvmMuygNyD/
    ,cktcg jynfe,fEiS hf wdik ;f
    a'oBuD;toD;oD;u NrdKUawmf
    rsm;wGif Massage Parlour rsm;
    u wpfckxufru &SdvmMuNyD
    jzpfonf/ odkYaomf tESdyfcef;
    tm;vH;k u w&m;0if&yfwnfae
    Mujcif;awmh r[kwfyg/ jynfy
    Edik if rH sm;uJo
    h yYkd if jrefrmEdik if w
    H iG f
    vnf; w&m;r0ifaom vkyfief;
    rsm;udk w&m;0ifoa,mif kyf

    zsufwwfMuygonf/ vdifazsmf
    ajza&; vkyfief;twGuf tESdyf
    cef;oPmefyk zf sux
    f m;jcif;rsK;d
    &So
    d uJo
    h Ykd rsm;aomtm;jzifah wmh
    tvSjyifqdkif (Beauty Salon)
    tjzpf kyaf jymif; kyv
    f v
    JT yk x
    f m;
    wwfMuonf/ tvSjyifcef;[k
    trnfwyfxm;aomfjim;vnf;
    t"duvkyfief;rSm ESdyfe,fjcif;
    rsm;om jzpfonf/ tzrf;tqD;?
    tppftaq;rsm; vufatmuf
    rSmyif tESdyfcef;rsm;onf rD;
    a&mifwvJv
    h jhJ zifh vSyausm&h iS ;f
    vsuf &SdaecJhonf/ odkYaomf rnfh
    onfhae&mrSmyifjzpfap tESdyf
    cef; (Massage Parlour)rsm;
    onf trsK;d orD;i,frsm;twGuf

    tusOf;axmifwpfckozG,fyif
    jzpfaewwfonf/
    cwm (trnf&if;r[kwf
    yg) a&muf&Sdaeonfh &efukefNrdKU
    v,f wpfae&mu tESdyfcef;
    onfvnf; olvikd gvdyk if kyzf suf
    xm;cJhonfyJjzpfonf/ oHk;vTm
    wdkufcef;ay:u 0&efwmrSm
    Beauty Salon [k a&;xm;NyD;
    teDa&mifrD;vHk;av;udk cyfrSdef
    rSdef xGef;ndxm;onf/ wdkufcef;
    atmufudk iHkYMunhfygu yvwf

    pwpf x d k i f c H k w pf v H k ; jzif h aq;


    ayghvdyfzGmaeaom trsKd;om;
    wpfOD;udk awGU&ygrnf/ xdkolu
    olrwdkYqdkifudkvma&mufonfh
    {nfhonfrsm; tcef;rrSm;? vrf;
    rrSm;ap&ef ac:aqmifvmvdrfh
    rnf/ xdkodkYrxm;&Sdygu &Da0
    a0jzpfaeaom {nfhonfrsm;
    onf wjcm;aom ab;wdu
    k cf ef;
    wH c g;rsm;ud k rS m ;acguf M urS m
    aocsmygonf/
    Beauty Salon [k trnf
    wyfxm;onfh qdkif\wHcg;udk
    wG e f ; zG i f h {nf h c ef ; &S d qd k z m
    qufwcD w
    kH iG f 0ifxikd v
    f u
    kd af om
    {nfhonfrsm;teD;rSm cwmwdkY
    awG pDwef; &yfMu&onf/
    {nfhonfuudk,fhudk a&G;cs,f
    ygap[k cw m u qk a wmif ;
    aerd o nf / {nf h o nf r sm;rsm;
    &rS o m 'D v twG u f yd k u f q H
    rsm;rsm;usefrnf jzpfonf/ xdk
    ydkufqHrsm;xJrS trsm;pkudk jrpf0
    uRef;ay:a'o? &Gmav;wpf&Gm
    u olr&JUrdom;pkxH jyefydkY&yg
    pm(11)okdY
    rnf/

    0ufvufcsOfapmfcg;oD;[if;csKd

    ukd&D;,m;xkwf tvSukefwkdY pkpnf;&m


    tdjzLvGif
    'DwpfywfrSmawmh tvS
    tyawGudk OD;pm;ay;wJh trsKd;
    orD;awGtwGuf tvSty
    ypnf;rsKd;pHk&Ekdifr,fh tvSukef
    qkdifav;wpfqdkifrSm aps;0,f
    xGufMunfhcsifygw,f/

    tvSukefypnf;qkdwm
    vSzkdYwpfckwnf;om r[kwfbJ
    usef;rma&; wpfukd,fa&oefY
    &Sif;a&;tjyif trsKd;orD;rsm;&JU
    tom;ta&xdef;odrf;jcif;awG
    twGufvnf; tusKd;&SdtoHk;0if
    wJyh pn;f awGvYkd ajymEkid yf gw,f/
    'ghjyif "mwkypnf;awG&JU
    tE&m,fu wpfaeYwjcm; BuD;
    rm;vmaecsdefrSm 'DqkdifrSm &Ekdif
    wJhobm0u&wJh toD;t&Guf?
    opfoD;? opfOwkdYjzihf azmfpyf
    xkwfvkyfxm;wmaMumifh "mwk
    ypnf;awG&JU qkd;usKd;uae um
    uG,fNyD;om;vnf; jzpfoGm;rSm
    yg/ udk&D;,m;EkdifiHu xkwfvkyf
    NyD; jrefrmEkdifiHrSm wpfOD;wnf;
    ukd,fpm;vS,f,l wifoGif;xm;
    wJh Beauty Cottage wHqdyf
    tvSukefypnf;awGudk qHyifjyK

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    jyifxdef;odrf;jcif;ESihfywfouf
    wJh ypn;f awG? rsuEf mS tom;t
    a& xdef;odrf;jcif;ypnf;awG?
    cE m uk d , f t om;ta&xd e f ;
    ypnf;awGeJY rdwfuyfvdrf;jc,f
    p&m tvSukefypnf;awGqkdNyD;
    trsKd;tpm;pHk&Ekdifw,fvdkYod&
    yg w,f/
    tvSukef ypnf;awGudk
    touft&G,ftvdkuf tom;
    ta&tvdkufomru toHk;jyK
    r,fh olY&JU aeYpOf vIyf&Sm;rIyHkpH
    tvdkufyg oifhawmf&mudk a&G;
    cs,fEkdifovdk toD;tESHawG&JU

    trsKd;tpm;awGtvdkufvnf;
    ESpfouf&mudk a&G;cs,fEkdifyg
    ao;w,f/
    uk,
    d yf idk q
    f idk x
    f m;wJh tom;
    ta&tvdu
    k f oifah wmf&m trsK;d
    tpm;awG u d k pd w f B ud K uf a &G ;
    cs,Ef idk rf ,fq
    h idk u
    f ypn;f awG u
    tedrfhqHk;aps; usyfav;axmif
    ausmfavmufuae tjrihfqHk;
    usyo
    f ;kH aomif;ausmf ceft
    Y xd&dS
    w,fvkdYvnf; od&ygw,f/
    Beauty Cottage qkdwJh
    tvSukefwHqdyf&JU xl;jcm;csuf
    u odrfarGUEl;nHhwJh ta&mifawG

    eJYwpfaewmvHk; tvSrysufap
    wJ h c H p m;rI r sKd ; ud k &Ek d i f w mvd k Y
    vnf; od&ygw,f/
    trsKd;orD;awG&JU yifudk
    tvSawGudk obm0twkdif; ydkrdk
    <u&GoGm;apzkdY obm0qefqef
    vScsifolawGtm;vHk; aps;0,f
    xGufMunfhzdkY 'DwpfywfrSm vrf;
    TefcsifwJhqkdifu a0Z,Em
    vrf;ray:u a0Z,Ema&Smyh if;
    pifwm 'kwd,xyfrSm&SdwJh Precious Angel' Co., Ltd &JU Beauty Cottage qkdifygvdkY owif;
    ay;vdkufygw,f/

    'Dwpfywf 0dkufzDu [if;&nfaomufav;wpfcGuf csufxm;yg


    w,f/ cyfcsOfcsOfpyfpyf0uf vuf[if;csKdav;wpfcGufyg/
    vkt
    d yfwmawGuawmh 0ufvufwpfacsmif;? csOaf pmf cg;oD;
    ajcmuf tenf;i,f? ikwfoD;tyGawmifhwpfawmifh? xkdif0rf
    rkefnif;&Guftenf;i,feJY pyg;vifwpfacsmif;wdkYyJ vdkyg w,f/
    yxrqk;H awmh nDnn
    D mnm uGi;f xm;wJh 0ufvufukd jyKwf
    ygr,f/ tJvdkjyKwfwJhtcg cyf&dyf&dyf vSD;xm;wJh pyg;vif? qm;?
    oMum;tenf;i,f? MuufoGefjzLaxmif;(t&nfyJ npfxnfh
    ygr,f)wdeYk YJ jyKwyf gr,f/ aygif;td;k eJq
    Y &kd ifawmh El;zdYk odyf rMumyg
    bl;/
    tJ'DcsdefrSmyJ ikwfoD;yGawmifhudk cyfyg;yg;av;awG uGif;?
    rkefnif;&GufawG vSD;NyD; toifhjyifxm;ygr,f/ 0ufajcaxmuf
    El;avmufNyq
    D &kd if a&pdrx
    f m;wJh csOaf pmfum;oD;ajcmufxyk f 4? 5
    zwfavmuf xnfyh gr,f/ (yef;uefv;Hk wpfcu
    G pf m qd&k if 4 ? 5 zwfyJ
    vdkayr,fh tcsOfBudKuf&if BudKufoavmuf xnfhEkdifygw,f)
    Ny;D &if yGuyf u
    G q
    f al ewJh [if;&nfxu
    J kd rken
    f if;&Guef YJ ikwo
    f ;D vS;D
    xm;wm xnfhNyD;csvdkY&ygNyD/ ikwfaumif;rIefYeJY MuufoGefNrdwf
    av;tkyfNyD; okH;aqmifkHygyJ/
    cEmud,
    k w
    f iG ;f tqD"mwfukd avQmch s&mrSm tultnDjzpfwhJ
    csOfapmfcg;oD;ajcmufudk plygrm;uufawGrSm txkyfvkduf vG,f
    vG,fulul0,fvdkY&rSmyg/

    10

    Life

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    t&Sdefrukefao;wJh a&ay:qDn&yfuGufrsm;

    &efukefNrdKUay:&Sd uvyfwpfck

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    Oumudkudk? xGef;ckdif
    Eku
    d u
    f vyfrsm;ESiv
    fh rf;rrsm;ay:rS um;NyKd iyf rJG sm;? &efyrJG sm;rSm w&m;Oya'pd;k rk;d a&;udk
    OD;wnfazmfaqmifaeonfqo
    dk nhf ,ckumvwGiyf if t&Sed rf ukeEf idk af o;bJ xifxifay:
    ay: yg0gNydKifaeMuqJjzpfonf/
    &efuek Nf rKd UwGi&f o
    dS nfh Eku
    d u
    f vyfrsm;wGif txufwef;vTmESiv
    fh u
    l x
    kH t
    H okid ;f t0kid ;f rS
    vli,frsm;jzihf aeYpOfpnfum;vsu&f NdS y;D nvlajcwdwcf sed w
    f iG f NyKd iu
    f m;rsm; ,SONf yKd iaf rmif;ESif
    jcif;ESifh cku
    d &f efjzpfymG ;jcif;rsm;rSm if;wkt
    Yd wGuf rqef;Mu,fawmhaMumif; Eku
    d u
    f vyfvNkH cKH
    a&;rsm;udk q,fpEk pS Ef pS cf ak usmMf um aqmif&u
    G v
    f mcJo
    h nfh vHNk cKH a&;0efxrf;wpfO;D uqko
    d nf/
    ]]'gawGu tNrjJ zpfaeusqadk wmh rqef;awmhygbl;/ tckvkd vlo&d iS Mf um;jzpfNy;D vmar;
    MuwmuyJ qef;aew,f}}[k oluajymonf/
    txufwef;vTmESifhtv,ftv,fvw
    l ef;pm;rsm;twGufzGiv
    fh pS x
    f m;aom Eku
    d u
    f vyf
    rsm;wGif jzpfay:vmonfh jyemrsm;udk xdt
    k okid ;f t0kid ;f tcsi;f csi;f uyif ajz&Si;f vdu
    k Mf u
    avh&Sdonf/
    tcsyfykd(D)odkY

    11

    Life

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    pm-9? tanmif;rdMuolrsm;eJY kyfzsufxm;wJh urm rS


    cwmrSm tarESifh armif
    av;wpf O D ; &S d o nf / tazu
    awmh qH k ; yg;oG m ;wm ig;ES p f
    avmuf&ydS gNy/D tazqH;k Ny;D rMum
    rDrSmyJ &efukefrSmtvkyfvkyfNyD;
    cPjyef v monf h ol i ,f c sif ;
    wpfOD;ESifh &efukefNrdKUodkY vdkuf
    ygvmcJhonf/ &Gmu xGufvm
    uwnf;u 'Dtvkyu
    f v
    kd yk &f rnf
    qdkwm cwmBudKodxm;NyD; jzpf
    onf/ cwmwdkY Beauty Salon
    rS vk y f a zmf u d k i f z uf nD r i,f
    trsm;pkuawmh 'Davmu xJ udk
    r&nf&G,fbJa&mufvm Muol
    awGjzpfonf/ olwdkYtm;vHk;\
    wlnaD omtcsuu
    f awmh qif;&J
    EG r f ; yg;jcif ; ES i f h twef ; ynm
    enf;yg;jcif;yJjzpfonf/
    ]]wcsKdUuawmh pm;0wfae
    a&;aygh/ ynmrwwfbJ b,f
    tvkyfurS udk,fhudkrac:bl;/
    ydkufqHvnf; 'Davmufrsm;rsm;
    r&bl;/ wcsKdUuawmh 0goem
    ygvd k Y wrif v k y f a ewJ h vl a wG
    &Sw
    d ,f/ wpfa,mufEpS af ,muf
    awGUzl;w,f}}[k cwmu ajym
    jyonf/
    cwmonf &efukefa&muf
    a&mufcsif;yif atmifr*Fvmt
    a0;ajy;uG i f ; twG i f ; &S d tES d y f
    cef;wpfckwGif tvkyf&cJhonf/
    tvk y f \ yxr&uf o w y wf
    rsm;onf olrtwGuf yifyef;
    qif;&JBuD;pGmyif jzpf&onf[k
    cwmu qdkygonf/ &Gmjyefajy;
    &efyif tBudrfBudrfBudK;pm;cJhzl;
    aomfvnf; txrajrmufcJhay/
    qdkifydkif&Sifrsm;onf olrwdkYvkyf
    udik &f rnfh owfrw
    S u
    f mvwpfck
    rjynfhrcsif; rSwfyHkwifrsm;udk
    vHjk cKH &mrSm odrf;qnf;xm;wwf
    Muonf/ aemufawmhvnf; rD;
    a&mifwvJhvJhatmufrSm olr
    aeom;usoGm;cJhonf[k qdk
    onf/
    atmifr*Fvm ta0;ajy;
    uGif;rSm tESdyfcef;ESifh jALwD;q
    vG e f ; cef ; rsm; 40 ausmf c ef Y & S d
    onf [ k od & onf / / tqd k y g
    vkyfief;rsm; trsm;qHk;wnf&Sd
    ae&m &yf 0 ef ; rS m ausmuf w H
    wm;? vom? vrf;rawmfponfh
    NrdKUwGif;{&d,mrsm;jzpfNyD; prf;
    acsmif;NrKd Ue,fEiS hf bk&ifah emifyJG kH
    0ef;usifponfwdkYvnf; emrnf
    ausmfMum;onf/ &efukefwpf
    NrKd UvH;k wGif tESyd cf ef;rsm; axmif
    *Pef;ausmfvmNyDjzpfonhft
    wGuf a&G;cs,fp&mvnf; ayg
    rsm;vmNyD jzpfonf/ tESdyfcef;
    ESifh tvSjyifcef;rsm;tm;vHk;udk
    vdifazsmfajza&;vkyfief; vkyf
    udkifvdrfhrnf[k odrf;usHK;jrifvdkY
    r&aomf v nf ; rMumrcP
    awmh vkyfief;csif;qufEG,frI &Sd
    wwfMuonf[k udk,fwdkifoGm;
    a&mufaeus trsKd;om;trsm;
    pku wnDwGww
    f nf; ajymMu
    onf/
    w&m;r0if tESdyfcef;rsm;
    onf oufqdkif&mtmPmydkif
    tzJGUtpnf;toD;oD;udk vdkif;

    aMu;[kac:a0:onfh aiGyrm
    Prsm;udk vpOfay;oGif;&rIrsm;
    &S d o nf [ k qd k M uonf / xd k a iG
    yrmPrSm ode;f *Pef;cef&Y o
    dS nf
    [k od&NyD; xdkodkY w&m;r0ifay;
    oGif;&onfh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;rSm
    vnf; xHk;pHt&yif oufqdkif
    &mNrdKUe,fpnfyif? vHkjcHKa&;tzGJU
    tpnf;? e,fajr&Juif;pojzifh
    jzpfaewwfonf/
    jref r mEd k i f i H e,f p yf j ynf
    e,fwcsKdUrS trsKd;orD;rsm;onf
    vnf; xdkif;EdkifiHESifh wjcm;EdkifiH
    rsm;&Sd tESyd cf ef; vkyif ef;ESihf jynhf
    wefqmvkyfief;rsm;wGif vkyf
    udkif&ef tvdkYiSm a&mif;pm;cHae
    Mu&qJjzpfonf/ xdik ;f Edik if ?H csi;f
    rdkifNrdKU&Sd tESdyfcef;vkyfief;rsm;rS
    trsKd;orD; 50 &mcdkifEIef;rSm
    jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;jzpfaMumif;
    ppfwrf;rsm;uqdkonf/
    ]]xdik ;f -jrefrme,fpyfa'o
    awGrSmawmh tESdyfcef;awGu
    jrefrmrdef;uav;awG rsm;w,f
    As/ vd i f u d p a wmh r&bl ; / 'g
    ayrJh tqifajy&ifawmh tESdyf
    cef;ydwfcsdef apmifhac:oGm;aygh/
    tJ ' D v d k r sKd ; awG a wmh & S d w ,f /
    jrefrmvlrsKd;qdkwmxuf wdkif;
    &if;olawGydkrsm;Muygw,f}}[k
    xdkif;EdkifiH? rJaqmufNrdKUwGif ae
    xdkifol jrefrmwpfOD;jzpfonfh
    bavmh*gudkpsmefu ajymonf/
    ]]xdkif;EdkifiHrSm aus;vuf
    aq;cef ; awG r S m tES d y f c ef ; &S d
    w,f/ wcsKdUae&mrSmqdk&if acR;
    aygif;kH &Sdw,fAs/ tJ'DrSm vkyf
    wJ h o l a wG u tJ ' D & yf u G u f u
    touf(40)ausmf trsKd;orD;
    BuD;awG rsm;w,f/ olwdkYudkt
    pdk;&u aumif;aumif;oifwef;
    ay;NyD; tJ'Daus;vufaq;cef;
    awGrSm tESdyfkHzGifhay;xm;wm }}
    [k udpk smefu qufajymjy onf/
    jrefrmEdkifiHrSmvnf; xdkodkY
    tESyd yf nm&Sirf sm;&SNd y;D if;wdrYk mS
    rsufrjrifrsm; jzpfMuonf/ ol
    wdkYudk vlrI0efxrf; OD;pD;XmeESifh
    *syefEikd if rH S ynm&Sirf sm;yl;aygif;
    tESdyfynmudkpepfwus oif
    Mum;ay;jcif;rsm;&So
    d nf/ xdo
    k if
    wef;rS rsufrjrifoifwef;om;
    rsm;onf rsurf jrifausmif;&Sd t
    ESyd cf ef;wGif 0rf;pm&SmMuouJo
    h Ykd
    &yf u G u f x J w G i f jyef v nf t
    oHk;csolrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/
    [efjytESdyfcef;rsm;tjyif
    ,if;uJhodkYaom usef;rma&;t
    ESdyfcef;rsm;vnf; rsm;pGm&Sdaom
    aMumifh trSew
    f u,f tanmif;
    rd? taMumwufaeaom trsKd;
    om;rsm;onf use;f rma&;tESyd f
    cef;rsm;odkYom oGm;MuNyD; abm
    vHk;yGJpOf&Sdonfh aeY&ufrsm;wGif
    abmvHk;0goem&Sifrsm;vnf;
    tEdyS cf &H if;abmvH;k yGMJ unfh &I ef
    vma&mufMuonf[o
    k &d onf/
    [efjytESdyfcef;rsm;ESifh usef;
    rma&;tESdyfcef;wdkYrSm aps;EIef;
    tm;jzif h uG m [rI r &S d v S a omf
    vnf; [efjytESdyfcef;rsm;wGif
    awmh Happy Ending jzpfvdk

    ygu trsKd ; orD ; awmif ; onf h


    aiGaMu;udk xyfrHay;aqmif&
    jcif;&Sdvmonf/
    t*FvefEdkifiHrSmawmh t
    caMu;aiGjzifv
    h id q
    f ufqjH cif;udk
    w&m;0ifowfrSwfxm;jcif;rsKd;
    &S d a omf v nf ; vl M um;xJ w G i f
    azmufonf&Smjcif;? jynfhwef
    qmcef;zGifhjcif;? jynfhwefqm
    acgif;vkyjf cif;rsm;uawmh w&m;
    r0ifyg/ xdkodkYaom w&m;r0if
    jynfhwefqmvkyfief;rsm;onf
    tESdyfcef;tjzpf kyfzsufxm;
    wwfMuonf/
    tar&duef jynfaxmifp&k dS
    jynfe,f 38 ckwGif tESdyfcef;
    vkyfief; vkyfudkif&eftwGuf cGifh
    jyKred v
    Yf ikd pf if&zdS Ykd vdt
    k yfNy;D tESyd f
    cef ; tjzpf k y f z suf x m;aom
    jynfhwefqmvkyfief;rsm;vnf;
    trsm;tjym; &S d a eygonf /
    Oyrmtm;jzif h e,l ; *smpD N rd K U
    wpf c k w nf ; rS m yif Massage
    Parlor trnfcHxm;aom vdif
    azsmaf jza&;vkyif ef;aygif; ig;&m
    ausmf&SdaecJhonf/
    tqdkyg jynfyEdkifiHrsm;ESifh
    tvm;wlyif jrefrmjynftyg
    t0if ta&SUawmif tm&SEdkifiH
    rsm;rSmvnf; tESdyfcef; vkyfief;
    rsm;udk w&m;0ifwpfrsKd;? w&m;
    r0ifwpfzHk wGifus,fpGm vkyf
    udkifvsuf &Sdonf/ xdktvkyft
    ud k i f t wG i f toH k ; jyKaom t
    &if;tjrpfrSm qif;&JonfhEkdifiH
    rsm;rS xGuf&Sdvmonfh vlo,H
    Zmwrsm;yif jzpfonf/
    1996 ckEpS rf S pwifaumuf
    ,l c J h a omppf w rf ; wpf c k t &
    xdkif;EdkifiH\ e,fpyfcdkif 18
    ck&Sd ae&maygif; 40ausmfwGif
    tES d y f c ef ; vk y f i ef ; tm; 0if
    a&muf vkyfudkifaeMuaom t
    rsKd;orD;trsm;pkrSm xdkif;EdkifiH
    om;rsm; r[kwMf uyg/ olwt
    Ykd m;
    vHk;\ 60 &mcdkifEIef;uawmh18
    ESpaf tmuf touft&G,rf sm;yJ
    jzpfNyD; if;trsKd;orD;rsm;onfh
    xd k i f ; e,f p yf * d w f a yguf r sm;rS
    wzGJzGJ0ifa&mufvsuf&Sdonf/
    jref r mEd k i f i H r S m awmh k y f
    zsuf x m;onf h tES d y f c ef ; ES i f h
    tvSjyifcef; 0efxrf;trsKd;orD;
    trsm;pkrSm vlukeful; cH&jcif;
    r[kwfbJ qif;&JrGJawrIESifh t
    wef ; ynmenf ; yg;rI ? rd o m;pk
    tqif r ajyrI w d k Y r S ayguf z G m ;
    vmMujcif ; jzpf a Mumif ; od &
    onf/
    usef;rma&; tESdyfcef;rsm;
    qkv
    d Qif vdirf q
    I ikd &f m udp& yfrsm;
    ryg0ifbJ tESdyfynmudkom OD;
    pm;ay;vkyaf qmifMuaom orm
    tmZD 0 usonf h vk y f i ef ; wpf
    &yfjzpfonf/ pHy,f(trnfvTJ
    xm;)onf usef;rma&;tESdyf
    cef;wGif vma&mufvkyfudkifae
    onfrSm wpfESpfausmfumvyif
    &SNd yjD zpfonf/ yJc;l wdik ;f a'oBuD;
    wpfae&mwGif arG;zGm;cJhaom
    ol r onf touf ( 17)ES p f t
    &G , f &ef u k e f N rd K UwG i f usef ;
    rma&;tESdyforav; jzpfvmcJh
    onf/ pHy,fwdkYtESdyfcef;onf

    &efuek Nf rKd UwGi;f yifwnf&u


    dS m vl
    wpfOD;udk wpfem&DwpfcsdefESdyf
    vQif ESpaf xmifih g;&musyu
    f soihf
    NyD; xdkaiGxJrS ig;&musyfudkom
    pHy,fwdkY &&Sdonf/ ]]yHkrSefawmh
    r&S d y gbl ; / wpf c gwav wpf
    &ufvHk;rSm 15 csdefavmufESdyf&
    w,f/ tenf;qHk;awmh 8 csdef
    avmufawmh&ygw,f/ vukef
    &ufawGeJY abmvHk;yGJ&SdwJh &uf
    awG vlt&rf;usw,f/ vpmu
    wpfaomif;yJay;w,f/ xrif;
    auR;w,f/ taqmifrSm ae&
    w,f/ wpfvvHk;rSm udk,fESdyf
    cJ h w J h quf & S i f c sd e f 300 jynf h
    &if wpfcsdefudk ajcmuf&m? ckESpf
    &mtxd wG u f a y;w,f / NyD ;
    awmh abmufql; av;aomif;
    vnf; ay;w,f/ wpfvudk wpf
    odef;udk;aomif;avmufawmh
    yHrk eS &f ygw,f/ wpfvudEk pS &f uf
    e,fukd cGijhf yefv&Ykd w,f}}[k pHy,f
    u olr&&Sdaom vkyftm; cESifh
    cHpm;cGifhudk wGufjyonf/
    pHy,fwv
    Ykd kduse;f rma&;tESyd f
    cef;oD;oefYawGrSm touf 18
    ESpfuae 27 ESpfcefYtxd awGU
    Ed k i f y gonf / tES d y f c ef ; wpf c k
    vQif trsKd;orD;tESdyf0efxrf;
    ta,mufig;q,fcefY &Sdwwf
    onf/ olrwdkYtm;vHk;udk udk,f
    ydkifeHygwfpOfrsm;jzifh owfrSwf
    ay;xm;wm jzpfonf/
    ]]tvk y f p 0if w meJ Y wpf
    ywfq,f&ufavmuf tESyd o
    f if
    wef ; ay;w,f / pd w f y g&if t
    wwfjrefygw,f/ wpfcgwav
    wpfaeukefESdyf&awmh udk,fyg
    tanmif ; rd a ea&m/ ud k , f
    anmif;awmh ESdyfay;r,fhol r&Sd
    bl;}}[k pHy,f\ oli,fcsif;rdef;
    uav;wpfOD;u 0ifajymNyD; olY
    pum;ol o abmusum wpf
    csuf&,fvkdufonf/ olronf
    pHy,fEiS t
    hf wlwyl if tvky0f ifchJ
    ol jzpfonf/
    rnfonfh tEdyS cf ef;rSmrqdk
    nbufawGrS vlpnfum;avh&Sd
    onf/ xdktcsdefrSmvma&muf
    onfh {nfhonf trsKd;om;BuD;
    i,f ra&G;rSmvnf; ,pfrl;xHka0
    aeMuNyD jzpfonf/ tESdyfor
    av;rsm;onf {nfo
    h nfrsm;xHrS
    t&ufeHYtjyif &pfonfh'Pfudk
    yg onf;cHMu&onf/ {nfhonf
    ES i f h tqif r ajyvQif tES d y f
    cef;refae*smESifh jyemwuf
    rS m yJ jzpf o nf / tES d y f c ef ; t
    rsK;d rsK;d u w&m;r0ifjzpfaeonfh
    twGuf {nfhonfudk pdwf&Snf
    onf;cHMu&NrJ jzpfonf/
    jrefrmtESdyfcef;rsm;wGif
    wpf c sd e f w pf q uf & S i f u d k 45
    rdepfrS 1 em&DMum; owfrSwfNyD;
    aps;EIef;rSmvnf; 2500 usyfrS
    12000 usyt
    f xd &Sw
    d wfonf/
    aps;EIef;rSm qdkiftjyiftqifESifh
    0efxrf;trsKd;orD;i,frsm;\
    kyf&nfwdkY uGmjcm;oGm;jcif;om
    jzpfonf/
    ]]2500 qdkwmrsKd;eJY usef;
    rma&;r[kwfwJh [efjyrmqwf
    awGu awmfawmfnHhw,f/ rdef;
    uav;awG u tp &G u f M urf ;

    a&usKdtqifhawmif r&Sdbl;/
    tuk e f v H k ; eD ; ygu rmpG y f a wG
    (vdiu
    f pd y g0ifonfh tESyd cf ef;udk
    qdkvdkjcif; jzpfonf)/ rl;l;NyD;
    a&mufvmwJh vlawGudk tcef;
    xJa&mufrS aps;xyfndw,f/
    aps;u ig;axmif u ae &S p f
    axmiftxd ac:wwfw,f/
    'gayrJh ay;oavmufeYJ jzpfoGm;
    MuwmyJ/ tJ'gu olwt
    Ykd wGuf
    tyd0k ifaiGav}}[k [efjytESyd cf ef;
    rsm;ES i f h &if ; ES D ; uRrf ; 0if r I & S d o l
    trsdK;om;wpfOD;u &Sif;jyonf/
    ]]trsm;qHk;uawmh {&m0
    wDwdkif;bufu vmMuwmyJ/
    wcsKdUu tdrfazmfb0u? wcsKdU
    u txnf c sKyf u / wcsKd U u
    awmh 'DavmuxJ wdkufdkufyJ
    a&mufvmwm/ vkyfoufEkwJh
    tcsd e f r S m t&rf ; oem;p&m
    aumif;Muw,f/ vkyo
    f uf&vm
    &ifawmh {nhfonfawGtwGuf
    t&rf;pdwfysufp&m aumif;vm
    w,f/ trsm;pkuawmh rmqwf
    vd k Y emrnf c H x m;ayr,f h 0ef
    aqmifrIuawmh vdifudpyg
    yJ } }[k txuf y gtrsKd ; om;u
    qufajymonf/
    olrwkdY\ 0ifaiGrSm yHkrSef
    r&S d a omf v nf ; wpf n ud k t
    enf;qHk; wpfaomif;cGJavmuf
    awmh usefwwfonf[kvnf;
    od & onf / cw m onf usef ;
    rma&;tESdyfcef;wpfckrSmvnf;
    vk y f u d k i f c J h z l ; onf / od k Y a omf
    wu,ftanmif;rdaeolrsm;udk
    qufwdkufESdyfe,fay;&jcif;\
    yifyef;rIrS&&Sdonfh 0ifaiGxuf
    vG,fulNyD; yrmPrsm;jym;aom
    0ifaiGudk ydkrufarmcJhojzifh
    [efjytESdyfcef;wpfckodkY xyf
    ajymif;vmcJhjcif; jzpfonf[k
    olru 0efcHcJhonf/
    usef;rma&; tESdyfcef;rsm;
    od k Y vma&muf M uonf h trsKd ;
    om;rsm;rSm vlvwfydkif;rsm;u
    ydkrdkNyD; [efjytESdyfcef;odkY vm
    a&mufMuolrsm;rSmawmh t&G,f
    pH k y if j zpf a Mumif ; od & onf /
    usef;rma&;oD;oefY tESdyfcef;
    rsm;od k Y wpf c gwpf & H w G i f t
    anmif;rdoltrsKd;orD; wcsKdUyg
    vma&muf a vh & S d M uonf [ k
    tES d y f c ef ; ref a e*smwpf O D ; u
    qdkonf/
    wu,foGm;a&mufcJhzl;ol
    touf 30 ausmft&G,f trsKd;
    orD;wpfOD;uvnf; ]]uRrf;usif
    rItm;enf;w,f/ aemuftqdk;
    qH k ; uawmh ol w d k Y & J U twG i f ;
    a&;udk atmfBuD;[pfus,fajym
    wmyg/ tJ'g rvkyf&bl;/ tpfr
    wdkYu yifyef;wm vmajzwm/
    pdwn
    f pfnL;p&mudk rajym&bl;}}
    [k ajymjyonf/
    ]]tanmif;tnm ajycsif
    vdkY oGm;wm/ usef;rma&;t&
    vnf; aoG;avvSnfhywfrI rSef
    atmif teif;tESdyfcH&r,fvdkY
    tMuHjyKcsufawG&Sdw,f/'gayrJh
    'DxJrSmyJwcsKdUuvnf; aumif
    rav;awGeJY vdifqufqHrIt
    qift
    h xd ra&mufwhJtDpu
    D vDt
    qif h u d k t&omcH c sif v d k Y oG m ;

    wmvnf; ygrSmaygh}}[k usef;rm


    a&;oD ; oef Y tES d y f c ef ; rsm;ud k
    wpfywfvQif wpfBudrfcefY yHkrSef
    oGm;a&mufavh&Sdonfh ukrPD
    vkyfief;cGifwpfckrS touf 40
    ausmf trsKd;om;wpfOD;uvnf;
    ajymonf/
    jynfhwefqm vkyfief;rsm;
    om w&m;0if a qmif & G u f c G i f h
    &&Sdvmygu tESdyfcef;ESifh t
    vS j yif c ef ; rsm; oP m ef k y f
    zsufvkyfudkifp&m rvdkawmhbJ
    use;f rma&;tESyd cf ef;rsm;ESihf oD;
    jcm;pDuGJjym;oGm;vdrfhrnf jzpf
    onf/ xdktcg usef;rma&;t
    ESdyfcef;rsm;onfvnf; tjrif
    wif hw,fv mvdrfh rnf[ k t
    ouf 26 ES p f t &G , f trsKd ;
    om;wpfOD;u qdkonf/
    ]]w&m;0if vkyfawmhr,f
    vdkY ajymoHMum;w,f/ orD;wdkY
    tESdyfcef;rSmvnf; 0efxrf;awG
    udk aocsmavhusifhay;NyD; oif
    wef;qif;vufrSwfvdkrsKd; xkwf
    ay;r,f v d k Y ajymxm;w,f /
    b,fawmhvJawmh rodbl;}}[k
    usef;rma&;tESdyfcef;rS touf
    (18)ESpft&G,f pHy,fu ajym
    onf/
    olrwdkY taMumif;udk ar;
    jref;pl;prf;wwfonfh {nfhonf
    awGudk pdwfvdkvuf&&Sdygu t
    rSeftwdkif;ajymjywwfNyD; rsm;
    aomtm;jzifhawmh pdwfxJay:
    &m Zmwf v rf ; rsm;ud k ajymjy
    vdkufwwfonf[k cwmu cyf
    jyH K ;jyH K ;ajymygonf / NyD ; awmh
    cwmqdkwmu olr\ trnf
    &if;r[kwfbJ trnfopfay;
    xm;jcif; jzpfonf/ tESyd cf ef;ESihf
    tvSjyifcef;rsm;rS rdef;uav;
    tm;vHk;vdkvdkonf rdrdwkdY\ t
    rnf&if;rsm;udk trnfvv
    S aS v;
    rsm;jzifh tpm;xdk;ajymif;vJxm;
    wwfMuonfom jzpfonf/
    [ef j ytES d y f c ef ; rsm;\
    aemufuG,fwGif Zmwfvrf;rsm;
    pG m &S d y gonf / Zmwf v rf ; rsm;
    onf orm;dk;us jzpfaumif;
    jzpfygrnf/ wpfaeYESifh wpfaeY
    rdk;rxyfap&aom Zmwfvrf;
    rsm;vnf ; jzpf c sif j zpf a eyg
    vdrfhrnf/ xdkZmwfvrf;rsm;u
    tanmif ; rd o l w d k Y u d k aysmf & T i f
    rIay;&ef npOfapmifhqdkif;ae
    Murnfom jzpfygonf/
    cwmonf {nfhonf&Sif;
    csdefwGif olr\ t0wfaowm
    i,fxJrS aiGpuLwcsKdUudk wpf
    &Gucf si;f a&wGuaf erdonf/ olr
    oH;k pG&J eftenf;i,f z,fNy;D ygu
    e,fNrdKUav;rS tarESifh armif
    av;wdkYqDydkYay;&rnfh yrmP
    udkvnf; pdwfrSef;jzifh wGufcsuf
    MunfhvdkufNyD; toufudk 00&SL
    oGi;f vdu
    k o
    f nf/ xdt
    k cdu
    k rf mS yif
    {nfhBudKaumifwmqDrS olr\
    trnfudk vSrf;ac:vdkufaom
    tcg aoaooyfoyfpD xm;
    aom aiGpuLxyfudk aowmxJ
    tjrefxdk;xnfhvdkufNyD; cwm
    wpfa,muf {nfhcef;qDodkY oGuf
    vufayghyg;pGm xGufvSrf;oGm;
    avonf/

    12

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    rsufESmzkH;-aiGwkd;ay;oltcsKdU ylyefae rS
    ig;ESpfxufrydkaom axmif'Pf
    jzpfap? 'PfEpS &f yfpvH;k jzpfap cs
    rSwt
    f a&;,l aqmif&u
    G Ef idk o
    f nf
    [kqkdonf/

    ]]tck u sawmh ay;wJ h o l
    awGuvnf; odyfray;csifMu
    awmhbl;/ twdk;,lwJhol wcsdKU
    uvnf ; jyef r ay;csif M uwJ h
    olawG&Sdw,f/ ykdufqH&SdwJhol
    awGuvnf; qHk;rSmpdk;vdkY ray;
    bJaewJh olawGvnf;&Sdw,f/
    'gayrJh vHk;0&yfoGm;wmawmh r
    [kwfbl;/ ay;vufpvlawGudk
    qufay;aewmawmh &Sdw,f/
    vlwkdif;ukdawmh ray;&JMuawmh
    bl;aygh}}[k armfuRe;f NrdKUe,fwiG f
    twdk;ay;aeaom vkyfief;&Sif
    wpfOD;u ajymonf/
    vkdifpifrJh vkyfukdifygu Oy
    a'aMumif ; t& ta&;,l E k d i f
    aMumif;ukd jynfolYvTwfawmft
    pnf;ta0; aqG;aEG;cJhonfht
    ay: aiGwdk;csolrsm; taejzihf
    if;wdkY acs;aiGrsm; qHk;HI;rnfqkd
    ygu Oya'aMumif;t& jyef
    &&Sd&ef tajctaeenf;yg;onfh
    twGuf pkd;&drfylyefvmMuonf/
    xkdYtjyif aiGacs;,loltcsdKUu
    vnf; aiGacs;olrSm w&m;r0if
    aiGacs;olrsm;jzpf jyefrqyf
    vQifyif Oya'aMumif;t& w
    &m;pGJqdk ta&;,l&ef tcuft
    cJ&EdS idk o
    f nfuo
    kd
    d aiGjyefrqyf
    awmh[k ajymjcif;? aiGrqyf
    w&m;pGJqdku pGJEkdifaMumif; ajym

    qkNd crd ;f ajcmufrt


    I csKd U &Sv
    d monf
    [k qkdonf/
    aiGxkwfacs;oltaejzihf
    if;wkdY\ aiGaMu;tm;vHk; qHk;
    HI;rnfudk pdk;&drfonfhtwGuf t
    wdk;EIef;rsm;udkvnf; yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;
    jzihf rwfwdk;? aeYjyefwdk;? 12 &uf
    tjywf ay;acs&aom aiGacs;
    yHkpHwkdYjzihf 20 &mcdkifEIef;? 10 &m
    ckdifEIef;twkd;wdkYjzihf xkwfacs;
    onf/

    aiG w d k ; csol r sm; tae
    jzihf acs;aiG,lolrsm;tm; aiG,Hk
    MunftyfESHjcif; pmcsKyfwdkYjzifh
    csKyfqdkum aiGacs;,lolbufrS
    vkdufemrI r&Sdygu ,HkMunftyf
    ESHrI azmufzsufonfhtwGuf yk'f
    r 406 ESifh vdrfvnfrIyk'fr 420
    wkdYjzifh w&m;pGJqkdavh&SdaMumif;
    od&onf/
    ]],HkMunftyfESHjcif;eJY pm
    csKyfcsKyfvdkY jypfrIajrmufwJht
    wGuf axmifusoGm;wmawG&Sd
    w,f/ ydkufqH,lwJholawGudk yk'f
    rESpfckeJY pGJcsufwifw,f/ aiGwdk;
    acs;wJ h o l a wG trsm;pk u pm
    csKyfwpfapmifyJcsKyfw,f/ acs;
    wJholawGudk ray;bl;}}[k a&SUae
    OD;cifaZmf(r&rf;ukef;)uajym
    onf/
    EkdifiHawmftpdk;&taejzihf
    qif;&JEGrf;yg;rI avQmhcsa&; tpD
    tpOfjzifh acs;aiGrsm;tm; &yf
    uGuftkyfcsKyfolrsm;rSwpfqifh
    acs;aiGrsm; xkwfacs;ay;aomf

    vnf; qif;&JEGrf;yg;onfh jynf


    olvufxJ wkdufdkufa&muf&SdrI
    enf;yg;onfhtwGuf &yfuGuf
    wGif;&Sd aiGacs;olrsm;xHrS tq
    rwef twdk;EIef;jzifh acs;,lMu&
    avh&Sdonf/
    ]]tpdk;&u acs;aiGay;wm
    tefwDwkdY r&bl;/ olwdkYtcsif;
    csif; ywfouf&mvlawGyJ ay;
    wm/ wu,f w rf ; tef w D w d k Y
    vufxJra&mufbl;/ 'Dawmh &yf
    uGux
    f u
    J yJ ,lawmhw,f/ aygif
    p&mypn;f r&Sad wmh taygifqikd f
    roGm;Ekid b
    f ;l }} [k vIid o
    f m,mNrKd U
    e,fae a':wifxGef;u ajym
    Mum;onf/
    vIid o
    f m,mNrKd Ue,fae a':
    oef;oef;OD;uvnf; ]]ta':wkdY
    qdk Mum;awmifrMum;zl;bl;/ &yf
    uGufxJu aiGacs;wJholqDuyJ
    ,lw,f}}[k &Sif;jyonf/
    Oya'abmiftwGif; vkyf
    ukdifcGifhay;rxm;onfhtwGuf
    qHk;HI;rIumrd&ef twdk;EIef;ydk,l
    onfhtwGuf ESpfOD;ESpfzufepf
    emrIrsm; &SdaeaMumif; aiGwdk;
    acs;iSm;olwpfOD;uajymonf/

    ]]twdk;EIef;rsm;w,f qdk
    wmuvnf; acs;wJholbufu
    ray;&if t&if;eJYtwdk;u t
    awmfavmufusoGm;r,f/ t
    u,f jyefrqyfvdkY w&m;Hk;
    a&muf & if v nf ; uk d , f a wG r S m
    vkdifpifr&SdwJhtwGuf Mum;xJu
    a&SUae? w&m;olBuD;awGyJ pm;

    oGm;wm/ olwu
    Ykd trIukd ajcmuf
    v? wpfESpfxdqGJNyD;umrS aemuf
    qHk; trIudk yvyfvkdufonf
    [kqdkNyD;NyD;oGm;wm/ 'Dawmh aiG
    &Sib
    f ufu trsm;BuD; qH;k H;I oGm;
    w,f}} [k oHk;cGNrdKUtwGif;&Sd aiG
    wdk;ay;ol OD;Ekdifvif;OD;u ajym
    onf/
    a&SUaeOD;cifaZmf(r&rf;uke;f )
    uvnf; ]]acs;wJholawGu ydkuf
    qHjyefvdkcsifawmh aiG,lwJhol
    awGudk w&m;raMumif;t& vdrf
    vnfrIeJY w&m;pGJw,f/ tcsdKUu
    awmh trItawmtwGif; jyef
    qyfw,f/ wcsKd Uu trINy;D awmif
    jyef r qyf v d k Y 0&rf ; xk w f ppf &
    w,f}} [k qkdonf/
    ]]e,fawGrSmawmh twkd;
    ay;wmudk Oya'awG xGufwm
    rxGufwmudkvnf; rodbl;/ t
    qifajyovdkyJ vkyfaeMuwm/
    ay;wmvnf; EIwfuwdawGeJYyJ
    ay;aeMuwm rsm;ygw,f/ ay;
    uwnf ; u aocsmwJ h o l u d k y J
    a&G;ay;w,f/ e,fuvlawGqkd
    awmh w&m;0ifwm r0ifwm r
    odbl;/ ay;aeMu&wmyJ/ ,lwJh
    olawGuvnf; aemufwpfBudrf
    xyfr&rSmpdk;vdkY yHkrSefjyefMuwm
    rsm;ygw,f}} e,fa'orsm;wGif
    ta<u;ay;aeaom pepf E S i h f
    ywfouf ppfudkif;wkdif;a'o
    BuD; ajrmifNrdKUe,f r,fraomf
    aus;&GmrS twdk;ay;xm;olu
    ajymonf/

    rsufESmzkH;-uarmZbPfrS odef;wpfaxmifausmf xkwf,lvmol wkdufckdufcH& rS


    "m;xk;d cH&olonf wpfO;D wnf; bPfraS iGomG ;xkwNf y;D um;jzihx
    f u
    G v
    f mcsed w
    f iG f tjcm;um;wpfp;D ESihf um;csi;f Ni&d mrS vdiI o
    f m,mNrKd Ue,f
    pufrZI ek f 1? yef;vdiI af *gufuiG ;f ? oajy&dyf pm;aomufqidk t
    f eD;a&mufaomtcg aemufrS vdu
    k v
    f maomum;u if;um;a&SUrS ydw&f yfvu
    kd u
    f m
    acsmuvufa&mif *smuif0wfqifxm;aom vlwpfO;D qif;vmNy;D bmrSrajymqdb
    k J toifyh gvmaom "m;jzifx
    h ;dk cJo
    h jzifh 'Pf&mrsm;&cJah omf
    vnf; owd0ifvmNyD; um;ay:jyefwufum pufHkodkY armif;ajy;EkdifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    'Pf&m&ol urm&GwNf rKd Ue,f? trSwf 10&yfuGuf? 0if'grD,mwGifaexkdifaom TT International tat;cef;pufHkykdif&SifrSm 0Jnyfkd;
    ay:wGif xkd;oGif;'Pf&mwpfcsuf? 0JvufzsHxkd;oGif;pkwfNyJ'Pf&mwpfcsuf? ,mvufcHkjywf&S'Pf&mwpfcsufwkdY &&SdcJhonf/
    tqkyd gtrIukd atmufwb
    dk mv 5 &uf nae 5em&DwiG f tat;cef;pufkH 'gku
    d w
    f mOD;ckid af tmif0if;u w&m;vdjk yKvyk u
    f m wkid Mf um;vm
    aomaMumifh vdiI o
    f m,m&Jpcef;rS jypf rIqidk &f mtrSwf (y)1039^12? yk'rf -326 jziht
    f rIziG x
    hf m;onf/ "m;ESix
    fh ;dk cJo
    h nfh jypfru
    I sL; vGeo
    f [
    l q
    k dk
    aom trsKd;om;vli,fwpfOD;tm; atmufwkdbmv 7 &ufwGif vdIifom,m&Jpcef;u zrf;qD;&rdxm;NyDjzpfaMumif; pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/

    pm-7? tcsOf&nfrsm; "mwfcJGppf&mwGif qmvzsL&pftufppfjyif;awGU rS


    ]]trSeu
    f tJ'v
    D kdppfaq; awGU&Sw
    d ,fq&kd if FDA udkydaYk y;&r,f/ 'g
    awGu pm;oHk;&efroihfwJhypnf;awG ygaew,fqdk &if 0efBuD;Xmeudk
    taMumif;Mum;Ny;D pm;oH;k &ef roifb
    h ;l qdNk y;D w&m;0ifaMunm ta&;
    ,lwmawGvyk rf S vlawGtm;vH;k odrmS }}[k tpm;taomufEiS fh aq;0g;
    uGyfuJrIOD;pD;Xme TefMum;a&;rSL; a'gufwmaZmf0if;uajymonf/
    tcsOf"mwf&&Sd&eftwGuf xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKonfh &Smvum
    &nftpm; tufppfjyif;rsm; xnfhoGif;oHk;pGJxm;jcif;ESihf wm;jrpfqdk;
    aq;rsm;aMumifh pm;oH;k olrsm;wGif 0rf;udu
    k ?f 0rf;ysu?f 0rf;avQma&m*g?
    tpmtdraf &mif&rf;jcif;? tla&mifjcif;? toJa&mif&rf;jcif; a0'emrsm;
    tjyif a&&Snw
    f iG f tpmtdru
    f ifqm? tlrBu;D uifqm? tonf;uifqm
    rsm;txd jzpfyGm;vmEkdifaMumif; od&onf/
    tcsO&f nfonf vlxt
    k wGi;f trsKd ;rsKd ;toH;k rsm;onfh ukeyf pn;f
    jzpfonfhtjyif aps;uGuftwGif;wGif azmfjycsufrygbJ a&mif;csae
    onfhypnf;jzpfonfhtwGuf pm;oHk;olumuG,fa&;toif;rS yxr
    qHk;tBudrf "mwfcGJprf;oyfonfh ukefypnf;jzpfNyD; rMumcif&ufykdif;
    twGi;f obm0twdik ;f r[kwb
    f J aps;uGut
    f wGi;f ta&mifcRwaf q;
    rsm; toH;k jyK jzLazG;atmif jyKvyk x
    f m;onfh tdro
    f ;kH qm;rsm;udv
    k nf;
    tE&m,f &Sd?r&Sdppfaq;rnfjzpfaMumif; od&onf/

    rsufESmzkH;-jynfolvlxk vkdvm;ygu
    orwvkyfrnf[k a':atmifqef;pkMunf ajymMum; rS
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf Edik if u
    H kd OD;aqmifciG &fh ygu acgif;aqmif
    aumif;wpfO;D jzpfEikd rf vm;qdak om xifjrifrEI iS fhywfouf bDbpD D
    owif;XmeESihf tifwmAsL;wGif ajzMum;xm;onf/

    jynfolYvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf vTwfawmfwGif;
    a&muf&SdaeNyDjzpfaom a': atmifqef;pkMunfonf vTwfawmf
    ud,
    k pf m;vS,f t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESifh nDw
    G af omfvnf; Ekid if aH wmf
    orwtjzpf a&G;aumufc&H efrl Ekid if aH wmfzUJG pnf;yHt
    k ajccH Oya'
    ygorwt&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf nDGwfrIr&Sday/
    orwjzpfEidk &f eftwGuf zGUJ pnf;yHt
    k ajccHOya'udk jyifqif
    &mwGif orwwpfO;D wnf;\ oabmxm;jzihf jyifqif r&onfh
    twGuf a':atmifqef;pkMunfonf vTwaf wmfwiG ;f a&muf&NdS y;D
    jzpfonfh vTwaf wmfu,
    dk pf m;vS,rf sm;\ oabmxm;ESifh jynfol
    vlxk\axmufcHrI ESpfckvHk;ukd&&SdrSom jyifqifEkdifrnf[kvnf;
    orwOD;odef;pdefu ajymMum;cJhonf/
    trsdK;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyf ygwDtaejzihf zGJUpnf;yHkt
    ajccHOya'udk jyifqifrnf[k Mum;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJ rwdkifrD
    uyif rlcsrw
    S x
    f m;Ny;D jzpfonft
    h wGuf Oya'jyifqifa&;udk quf
    vufvkyfaqmifoGm;rnfjzpfNyD; orwjzpfa&; udpwifrubJ
    tjcm;jyifqifp&mrsm;vnf; rsm;pGm&Sdao;aMumif; a':atmif
    qef;pkMunfu ajymMum;onf/
    tajccHOya'yk'rf 59(p)wGifrdru
    d ,
    kd w
    f idk af omfvnf;aumif;?
    rdrd\ rdbwpfyg;yg;aomfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ZeD; (odkYr[kwf)
    cifyGef;aomfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ w&m;0ifom;orD; wpfOD;OD;
    aomfvnf;aumif;? xkdw&m;0if om;orD;wpfOD;OD;\ ZeD; (odkYr
    [kw)f cifyeG ;f aomfvnf;aumif; Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\ aus;Zl;opm
    awmfukd cH,al pmihaf &Smufakd ool (okrYd [kw)f Edik if jH cm;tpk;d &\
    vufatmufcjH zpfo(l odrYk [kw)f wkdif;wpfyg;\ EkdifiHom;jzpfol
    rsm;rjzpfap&? xkdolrsm;onf EkdifiHjcm;tpdk;&\ vufatmufcH
    jzpfolaomfvnf;aumif;? wkdif;wpfyg;\EkdifiHom;aomfvnf;
    aumif;? cHpm;&aom tcGifhta&;rsm;ESihf aus;Zl;cHpm;cGifhrsm;udk
    cHpm;EkdifcGifh&Sdolrsm; rjzpfap&[lyg&dSonf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf\ cifyGef; NAdwdefEkdifiHom; a'guf
    wm rdkufu,f tJ&pfonf
    1999 ckESpfu NAdwdefEkdifiH
    wGif uG,fveG cf NhJ yDjzpfaomf
    vnf;tar&duefjynfaxmif
    pkwGifaexdik o
    f nfh om;Bu;D
    tvufZEm; tJ&pfESihf NAd
    wdefEkdifiHwGif aexdkifaom
    om;i,f uifrt
    f &J pfwYkd ESpf
    OD;vH;k rSmjynfyEdik if o
    H m;rsm;
    jzpfaeonf/

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    aq;ppfcrwwfEkdif aq;,Ofyg;tdwfcsftdkifAD vlemrsm; tcufawGU


    jrwfpkrGef
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-4
    aq;,Ofyg;rIaMumifh aq;0g;
    ajymif;vJaomufo;Hk &awmhrnfh
    tdwfcsftkdifADul;cH&olrsm;onf
    ydk;aumifa&ppfaq;&ef vdktyf
    aomfvnf; aq;ppfcjrifhrm;rI
    aMumifh vufvSrf;rrDqJjzpfae
    aMumif; Myanmar Positive
    Group (MPG) rS wm0ef&Sdol
    wpfOD;u ajymonf/

    ]]cEmukd,fxJrSm tdwfcsf
    tkid Af yD ;kd taumifa& wpfaomif;
    &S d & if Second Line ajymif ;

    aomuf&awmhr,f/ 'gayrJh tJ
    vd k y d k ; aumif a & ppf z d k Y t wG u f
    aps;BuD;vGef;awmh rvkyfEkdifMu
    bl;/ ydk;ppfcu wpfodef;ausmf
    &Sdw,f}} [k MPG rS Ou|OD;rsKd;
    oefYatmifu ajymonf/
    aq;0g;ajymif;vJ aomuf
    &rnfholrsm;twGuf ppfaq;&
    rnfh pufud&d,mrsm;vnf; &Sm;
    yg;rI&SdaeNyD; jynfe,fESifh wkdif;
    a'oBuD ; rsm;wG i f xyf r H j znf h
    qnf;ay;&ef vkdtyfaeaMumif;
    OD;rsKd;oefY atmifu ajymonf/

    xdkYtjyif First Line rS
    Second Line okdY ajymif;&ef

    vdktyf? rvkdtyfudk rdrdbmom


    rqkH;jzwfbJ ydk;aumifta&t
    wGuf ppfaq;jcif;udk OD;pGmvkyf
    oifhaMumif; urmusef;rma&;
    tzJGU(WHO)rS wm0ef&Sdolwpf
    OD;u ajymonf/
    jrefrmEkid if w
    H iG f tdwcf st
    f idk f
    ADy;kd jzifh touf&iS af exkid o
    f l ESpf
    ode;f wpfaomif;ausm&f NdS y;D ARV
    aq;aomufokH;&ef vkdtyfae
    ol wpfodef;wpfaomif;ausmf
    &Sdonf/ 2012 ckESpf ZGefvtxd
    aq;0g;&&Sdol av;aomif;av;
    axmifausmfom&SdNyD; aq;0g;
    vdktyfaeolOD;a&\ okH;ykHwpfykH

    ukd,f0eftqHk;owfcGifh

    aqG;aEG;oifhNyDvm;
    0wf&nfatmif

    ]]xdyt
    f cReef YJwpfxmG ausmf
    avmuf&SdwJh 'Dopfom;acsmif;
    BuD;tjyif aygufNyJaewJh om;
    tdrfeJY t*Fgtpdwftykdif;awG
    Mum;rSm awmfawmfav;udk jyef
    touf v k c J h & w,f } }[k A[d k
    trsKd;orD;aq;HkBuD;rS om;zGm;

    ES i h f r D ; ,yf t xl ; uk q &m0ef
    a'guf wmpk;d vGiu
    f ol\ cGJcef;t
    awGUtBuHKwpfckudk jyefajymjy
    onf/
    tzsm;BuD;NyD; ua,mifu
    wrf;ajymaeonfh xkdtrsKd;orD;
    i,fonf aq;HkwGif aeYpOfaeY

    wkdif; BuHKawGUae&aom rvdkcsif


    onfhudk,f0eftm; eD;pyf&mwGif
    wdwfwqdwf w&m;r0if zsufcs
    NyD;jzpfyGm;vmaom aemufquf
    wGJtajctaersm;ESihf a&muf
    vmwwfonfh trsK;d orD;rsm;xJ
    wpfOD;yifjzpfonf/

    om aq;ukorIay;Ekdifao;
    aMumif; od&onf/
    rMumao;rDu EkdifiHawmf
    tpdk;&u ARV usyfodef; ESpf
    axmifausmfzdk; 0,f,l&efqkH;
    jzwfcJhonf/
    xkdYtjyif HIV Positive
    wpfa,muftaejzifh ARV aq;
    0g;ukxkH;aomufokH;&ef vdktyf?
    rvdktyfudk ppfaq;onfh CD4
    pufonfvnf; a':vmaomif;
    *Pef;txd&SdNyD; jynfe,fESifh
    wkdif;a'oBuD;rsm;wGif ppfaq;
    &ef cufcJaMumif; od&onf/

    cefYrSef;ajctm;jzihf urmh
    vlOD;a&\ 25 &mckdifEIef;ausmf
    onf uk,
    d 0f efzsucf sjcif;ESio
    fh uf
    qkid af om jyif;xefonfhOya'
    jy|mef;csurf sm; csrw
    S x
    f m;aom
    Ekid if rH sm;wGifaexdik af eMu&onf/
    txl;ojzihf vufwift
    ar&duEkdifiHrsm;? tmz&duEkdifiH
    rsm;? tm&SEkdifiHrsm;uJhodkY ukd,f
    0efzsufcsjcif;tm; bmomw
    &m;t&yg jyif;xefpGm wm;jrpf
    xm;onfhEkdifiHrsm;wGif w&m;
    r0if udk,f0efzsufcsjcif;onf
    Oya't&yg tjypfay;jcif;cH&
    rnfhtjyif t"rjyKusifhcH&jcif;
    aMumifh &&Sv
    d monfu
    h ,
    dk 0f efyif
    vQif zsufcs&efcGihfrjyKxm;onfh
    EkdifiHrsm;wGifvnf; jrefrmEkdifiH
    rSm yg0ifonf/
    oaEpwnfonfhtcsdefrS
    pwifNyD; touf&Sdonfht&m
    wpfcktm; ysufpD;atmif vkyf
    cGihfr&SdbJ jyKvkyfygu vufonf
    (odkYr[kwf)
    pm(14)okdY

    rdcifrS &ifaoG;okdY tdwfcsftkdifAD


    ul;pufrIavQmhcsEdkifrnfh PMCT
    oD[
    urmay:wGif aeYpOf uav;wpfaxmifcefo
    Y nf rdcifrw
    S pfqifh
    HIV yd;k ul;pufrc
    I aH e&Ny;D ,if;wdt
    Yk m; jyKpu
    k o
    k rIwpfpw
    kH pf&mjyK
    vkyfay;jcif;r&Sdygu touf 2ESpfjynfh arG;aeYrwdkifrD tqdkyg
    uav;rsm;onf avmuBuD;rS jyefvnfxGufcGmoGm;Murnf
    jzpfonf/
    xdkYaMumifh uav;rsm;tm; rdcifrSwpfqifh HIV ydk;ul;
    pufcH&jcif;r&Sdap&eftwGuf udk,f0efaqmifrdcifrsm;tm; HIV
    ppfaq;jcif;tygt0if tjcm;umuG,fukojcif;vkyfief;rsm;
    tm; jrefrmEdkifiHtygt0if urmhEdkifiHtoD;oD;rSaqmif&Guf
    aeMujcif;jzpfonf/
    d nfh rdcifrS uav;i,ftm; HIV ul;Edik af jcrSm 15
    HIV yd;k &So
    rS 40 &mcdkifEIef;txd&SdaMumif; ukvor*uav;rsm; &efyHkaiG
    tzGJU(,leDqufzf-jrefrm) rS HIV a&;&muRrf;usifol a'gufwm
    Ormatmifuajymonf/
    ul;pufEikd o
    f nfh enf;vrf;rsm;rSm ud,
    k 0f efaqmifcsed ?f rD;zGm;
    csdefESifh EdkYwdkufcsdefrsm;wGif ul;pufEdkifaMumif; od&onf/
    jrefrmEdkifiHwGif rdcifrSuav;odkY HIV ydk;ul;pufEIef;rSm
    wpfEdkifiHvHk;twdkif;twmjzifh pm&if;aumuf,lrIrjyKEdkifao;
    aomfvnf; &efuek w
    f iG &f o
    dS nfh A[kt
    d rsKd ;orD;aq;H?k ajrmufOu
    vmyaq;Hk?awmifOuvmyaq;HkESifhoCFef;uRef;pHjyaq;Hk
    wdw
    Yk iG af umuf,x
    l m;onfh ppfwrf;rsm;t& ul;pufrEI eI ;f rSm 11
    rS 13 &mcdkifEIef;txd&SdaMumif;od&onf/
    xdkYaMumifh rdcifrSuav;odkY HIV ul;pufjcif;rSumuG,f
    jcif;r&Sd&eftwGuf jyKvkyfjcif;tm; Prevention of Mother
    -to-Child Transmission PMCT [kac:aMumif; od& onf/
    PMCT tm; jrefrmEdkifiHwGif 2001 ckESpfwGif xkdif;-jrefrm

    e,fpyfNrdKUrsm;jzpfonfh aumhaomif;ESifh wmcsDvdwfNrdKUe,frsm;
    wGif a&SUajy;pDrHcsufrsm;tjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf/
    xdkYaemuf 2003ckESpfwGif aq;Hk 5ck qufvufaqmif
    &Gucf NhJ y;D ,cktcsed t
    f xd NrKd Ue,faygif; 200 ausmEf iS ahf q;Hak ygif;
    38 ckwGifqufvufaqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf[k trsdK;om;ckcHus
    umvom;wdkufzsufa&;pDrHcsufrS pDrHcsufrefae*sm a'gufwm
    jrifha&Tuajymonf/ xdkYodkYaqmif&GufrIrsm;jyKvkyfvsuf&Sdaomf
    vnf; vTr;f NcKH rrI S auseyfz,
    G rf &Sad o;aMumif; a'gufwmjrifah &Tu
    ajymonf/
    udk,f0efaqmifrdcifrsm;\ 80 &mcdkifEIef;tm; ESpfodrfhaqG;
    aEG;rIjyKEdkifcJhNyD; xdktxJ rS 60&mcdkifEIef;udkom aoG;ppfEdkifcJh
    aMumif; a'gufwmjrifha&Tuajymonf/
    pm(14)okdY

    14

    Health

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    pm-13? ukd,f0eftqHk;owfcGifh aqG;aEG;oifhNyDvm; rS


    q&m0ef?jyKvyk o
    f u
    l ykd gOya't&
    ta&;,laMumif; od&onf/
    ]]w&m;0if om;aMumjzwf
    cGihfusonfholawGeJY aemufqHk;
    b,fvrkd S rjzpfEidk v
    f eG ;f wJt
    h ajc
    taerSm rdcifeJYuav;udk a&G;
    cs,&f awmhr,ft
    h ajctaerSmyJ
    udk,f0eftqHk;owfzdkY cGifhjyKxm;
    w,f/ wjcm;tajctaerSm jyK
    vkyw
    f ,fq&dk ifawmh Oya't&
    ta&;,lw,f/tcktcsed x
    f v
    d nf;
    tJvdk ta&;,lcH&wJholawG&Sd
    wmyJ}}[k w&m;Hk;csKyfa&SUae
    OD;atmifoef;pdk;uajymonf/
    od k Y a omf axmif ' Pf o H k ;
    ESpftxd csrSwfEkdifNyD; tjypfay;
    onf h tqk d y g&mZ0wf r I o nf
    yaysmuf&efrqkdESifh avsmhenf;
    jcif;yifr&SdbJ rnfonfhtcsdef
    rqkd rdcifaoEIef;trsm;qHk;jzpf
    aponf h t aMumif ; t&mrsm;
    xJrS wpfcktjzpf &yfwnfaeqJ
    jzpfonf/

    Oya't&aomf v nf ;
    aumif;? bmoma&;t,ltq
    aMumifah omfvnf;aumif; uk,
    d f
    0efzsufcsjcif;? vufrxyfcif
    twlaejcif;wdkYtm; jyif;jyif;
    xefxefwm;jrpfxm;onfh tajc
    taewGif tvkyftukdiftcGihf
    tvrf;rsm;aMumifh NrdKUjyodkY vm
    a&muftvkyfvkyfukdifol trsKd;
    orD ; i,f r sm;? ajymif ; vJ v m
    onfh acwftajctaersm;Mum;
    tE & m,f t m; umuG , f od & S d
    Ekdifonfh rsKd;qufyGm;A[kokw
    rsm;od&SdrI tm;enf;onfhtcg
    trsKd;orD;rsm;twGuf touf
    aovQiaf o? raovQifwpfb0
    vH k ; trnf ; puf j zif h &yf w nf
    ae&rnfjzpfonf/
    zGHUNzdK;NyD; ,Ofaus;rIt&
    vnf; jyif;xefrIr&Sdonfh EkdifiH
    tcsKdUwGif 18 ESpfatmuf trsKd;
    orD;rsm;?ausmifolrsm;? uav;
    rvdkcsifawmhonfh trsKd;orD;
    rsm;tm; w&m;0if ukd,f0eft
    qHk;owfcGihfay;jcif;jzihf trsKd;
    orD;rsm;\ tcGihfta&;? rdcif
    aoqHk;rIavQmhcs&eftwGuf cGihf
    jyKay;aMumif; jrefrmEkdifiHq&m
    0eftoif;rS a'gufwmwifwif

    at;uajymonf/
    ]]'D v d k yG i f h v if ; vG e f ; wJ h
    tpGef;xdoGm;zdkY r[kwfovdk
    b,fvdkrS tcGihfta&;awGray;
    bJ vHk;0bmrSrvkyf&bl;qkdNyD;
    yd w f y if x m;vG e f ; NyD ; tck v d k
    tqufrjywf aoaewJhtajc
    taeud k quf v uf x m;r,f h
    tpGe;f bufyf J aervm;qkw
    d mu
    awmh jyefpOf;pm;oihfw,fvdkY
    xifw,f}}[k rsKd;qufyGm;usef;
    rma&;qkdif&m 0efaqmifrIrsm;
    ay;aeonfh tpkd;&r[kwfaom
    EkdifiHwumtzGJUtpnf;wpfckrS
    tqifhjrifht&m&SdwpfOD;uajym
    onf/
    ,ck ukd,f0efzsufcsjcif;
    rsm;aMumifh aoqHk;aeolrsm;
    onfh vli,ftrsKd;orD;i,frsm;
    rSm ,Ofaus;rIt& apmifhxdef;
    &rnfhusihf0wfrsm;tm; apmihf
    xdef;rIr&Sdjcif;aMumifhom ao
    qHk;aeonf[k xifrSwfr&ay/
    vli,ftrsKd;orD;i,frsm;
    rsm;jym;aeonf rSefaomfvnf;
    uav;rsm;vGef;aeonfh trsKd;
    orD;rsm;? toufBuD;rS ukd,f
    0ef & oG m ;onf h t wG u f &S u f
    aMumuf ukd,f0efzsufcs&mrS
    aoqH;k oGm;onfh trsK;d orD;BuD;
    rsm;vnf;yg0ifaMumif; a'guf
    wmpkd;vGifuajymonf/
    vuf x yf x m;NyD ; trsKd ;
    orD ; wpf a ,muf t wG u f u
    av;oHk;a,muf&SdaevQifaomf
    vnf;aumif;? uav;arG;zGm;
    vQif touf t E & m,f & S d a p
    onfh jyif;xefaomESvHk;a&m*g?
    OD;aESmufcsKdU,Gif;rIrsm; ponfh
    a&m*g&So
    d rl sm;wGiv
    f nf;aumif;
    oufqidk &f mNrKd Ue,frsm;odYavQ
    k muf
    vTmwifNy;D 'gdu
    k w
    f mtzGUJ rSawGU
    qHkNyD; cGifhjyKvQif w&m0ifom;
    aMumjzwfcGihf&SdaMumif; od&
    onf/

    odYkaomf om;qufjcm;
    enf;vrf;rsm;xJwGif om;aMum
    jzwfjcif;enf;vrf; toHk;jyKjcif;
    onf tenf;qHk;jzpfNyD; vkyfief;
    tqifhqifhukd aocsmrod&SdMu
    jcif;aMumifh aiGaMu;ESifh tcsdef
    ukeu
    f srnfukdpd;k &drNf y;D vkyfaqmif

    rI t enf ; qH k ; jzpf E k d i f a Mumif ;


    tif;pdeNf rKd Ue,frS olemjyKq&mr
    wpfOD;u rSwfcsufjyKajymMum;
    onf/
    ]]&SdwJhtE&m,fuif;apwJh
    Oya'udkvnf; us,fus,fjyefY
    jyefY rvkyfay;xm;wJhtcg od&Sd
    olawGenf;NyD; Oya'jyifyrSm
    w&m;r0if zsuf c swmuae
    touf t E & m,f a wG &S d u k e f
    w,f}}[k a'gufwmwifat;u
    ajymonf/
    vuf&Sd ajymif;vJvmaom
    tajctaersm;ay: rlwnf
    rsd K ;quf y G m ;usef ; rma&;onf
    tav;ay;&rnfh taetxm;
    a&mufvmonfhtjyif jzpfay:
    vmonf h tajctaeay:rl
    wnfNyD; acwfESihftnD oHk;oyf
    NyD; oD;jcm;Oya'rsm;jzihf jy|mef;
    aqmif&GufoifhNyDjzpfaMumif;
    trsdK;om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;
    vS,fvnf;jzpf? q&m0efwpfOD;
    vnf;jzpfol a'gufwmjrwf
    Ppdk;u ol\tjrifukd ajym
    onf/
    ]]'gu ukd,f0efzsufcswJh
    ud p w pf c k w nf ; wif r[k w f
    awmh b l ; / wjcm;usef w J h u d p
    awGrmS yg0ifvmNyjD zpfwt
    hJ wGuf
    rsdK;qufyGm;usef;rma&;eJYywf
    ouf N yD ; ouf q k d i f & mtzG J U t
    pnf ; awG t m;vH k ; pk a ygif ; NyD ;
    aqG;aEG;wdkifyifzkdY vkdtyfvmNyD}}
    [k a'guf w mjrwf Ppk d ; u
    qufvufajymonf/
    vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
    rsm; yg0ifzUJG pnf;xm;onfh use;f
    rma&;qkdif&m aumfrwDrsm;rS
    aqmif&u
    G rf nfh vkyif ef;rsm;wGif
    vnf; qufvufaqmif&u
    G rf nfh
    rsdK;qufyGm;qkdif&m usef;rma&;
    vkyif ef;rsm; yg0ifaeaMumif; od
    &onf/
    ]]'Dajymif;vJaeonfh acwf
    BuD;udk vdkufydwfyifvdkYawmh r&
    bl;/ 'gayrJh tckjzpfaewJh t
    aetxm;ay:rS m oif c ef ; pm
    awG,Nl y;D vlxt
    k wGuf ydrk v
    kd uf
    awGUusNyD; toHk;0ifatmif bm
    awGvkyf&rvJqdkwmawGawmh
    pOf;pm;oifhw,f}}[k a'gufwm

    wifat;uajymonf/
    usifhoHk;aeaom Oya'
    onf Ak ' b momjref r mvl r sd K ;
    rsm;twGuf touf&Sdonfh t
    &mtm; owfjcif;uHtm; uefY
    owfxm;onfhtjyif ukd,f0ef
    zsufcscGifhtm; w&m;0ifcGifhjyK
    vdkufygu aemufqufwGJ tdrf
    axmifa&;jyemrsm; jzpfay:
    vmapEkdifonfhtwGuf vuf&Sd
    usihfoHk;aerIrsm;udkom vufcH
    olrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiHwGif om;quf
    jcm; enf ; vrf f ; rsm;tm; vuf
    vSrf;rDrI r&Sdao;onfh vlOD;a&
    rsm;jym;aeNyD; ukd,f0efzsufcsrI
    aMumihf tE&m,f&Sdonfh aemuf
    qufwGJ jyemrsm; rjzpfap
    &ef rsdK;qufyGm;usef;rma&;qkdif
    &m A[kokwrsm;? om;qufjcm;
    enf ; vrf ; rsm;? yp n f ; rsm; t
    vG , f w ul &&S d a p&ef t wG u f
    aqmif&Gufjcif;uvnf; enf;
    vrf;wpfckjzpfaMumif; ynm&Sif
    rsm;u axmufjyajymqkdonf/
    ]]rdef;uav;awGudk 'Dvkd
    tE&m,fawGrjzpfatmif od
    oihfwJht&G,frSmuwnf;u rsdK;
    qufyGm; usef;rma&;qkdif&m A
    [kokwawGudk us,fus,fjyefY
    jyefY oifcef;pmawGxJrSmxnfh
    NyD; oifoifhw,fvdkYxifw,f/
    roifEkdifao;bl;qkd&ifawmif
    ausmif;awGrSm tywfpOf ynm
    ay;wmrsd K ;awG vk y f a y;&if
    aumif;r,fvkdY xifw,f}}[k t
    ouf 26 ESpft&G,f trsdK;orD;
    wpfOD;u rSwfcsufjyKajymMum;
    onf/ cRefxufatmif jyKvkyf
    xm;onfh opfudkif;rsm;? aq;
    oGif;ykdufrsm;? aq;0g;rsm;? zdESdyf
    csjcif;rsm; ponfh enf;vrf;t
    rsKd ;rsKd ;wdt
    Yk ok;H jyK om;tdrrf sm;
    ayguf x G u f o G m ;jcif ; aMumif h
    vnf;aumif; aoG;qdyw
    f ufjcif;
    wdkYaMumifhvnf;aumif; tzsm;
    wuf ua,mifuwrf; atmfNy;D
    aoG ; rsm;qif ; NyD ; a&muf v m
    onfh trsdK;orD;rsm;rSm aq;Hk?
    aq;cef;rsm;wGif aeYpOfaeYwdkif;
    jrifawGUae&onfh tajctae
    wpfckjzpfaeqJjzpfonf/

    pm-13? rdcifrS &ifaoG;odkY tdwfcsftkdifAD


    ul;pufrIavQmhcsEdkifrnfh PMCT rS
    xdkYtjyif aoG;ppfolrsm;xJrS 50 &mcdkifEIef;omrdrdwdkY\
    aoG;tajzudk &,lcJhMuaMumif;od&onf/
    aoG;tajz&,lco
    hJ nfh ud,
    k 0f efaqmifrcd ifrsm; xJrS yk;d awGY
    &So
    d l 70 &mcdik Ef eI ;f udo
    k m ART aq;ay;Edik cf ahJ Mumif; od&onf/
    HIV ydk;&SdonfhrdcifrS arG;zGm;onfh uav;i,ftm; ydk;
    ul;pufcH&jcif;&Sd?r&Sdtm; uav;touf 18vMumrS ppfaq;
    Edik Nf y;D ppfaq;onfh uav;rSm 30&mcdik Ef eI ;f om&So
    d nf[k a'guf
    wmjrifha&Tu ajymonf/
    jrefrmEdik if w
    H iG f 2011ckEpS u
    f uk,
    d 0f efaqmifrcd if ig;ode;f
    ckepfaomif;ausmftm; aoG;ppfay;EdkifcJhNyD; xkdtxJrS oHk;odef;
    ESpaf omif;ausmo
    f nf rdrw
    d \
    Ykd aoG;tajzrsm;ukd jyefvnf&,l
    cJhonf[k a'gufwmOrmatmifuajymonf/
    aoG;tajz,lco
    hJ nfh ud,
    k 0f efaqmifrcd ifrsm;xJwiG f HIV
    ydk;awGY&Sdonfh ukd,f0efaqmifrdcifrsm;xJrS oHk;axmifausmf
    f o
    k jcif;vkyif ef;rsm; vkyaf qmif
    tm; PMCTenf;jzifh umuG,u
    EdkifcJhaMumif;od&onf/
    PMCT 0efaqmifrIrsm; jrefrmEdkifiHwGif aq;HkBuD;rsm;rS
    tpjyK aus;vufuse;f rma&;XmecGrJ sm;txd &,ltok;H csEikd f
    aMumif; od&onf/
    k 0f efaqmif
    PMCT enf;jzifh umuG,jf cif;[lonfrmS ud,
    rdciftm; ESpo
    f rd ahf qG;aEG; rdrq
    d Etavsmuf HIV yd;k ppfaq;
    apjcif;? xdrk w
    S pfzef aoG;tajzjyefvnf ,lapjcif;?aoG;tajz
    wGif HIV ydk;awGYygu uav;i,ftm;ul; pufjcif;r&SdEdkif&ef
    twGuf rdciftm; umvwdk ART ukx;kH jzifh ukojcif;(odrYk [kw)f
    rdcifonf aq;aomuf&efvt
    kd yfaeoljzpfygu umv&Snf ART
    ukxHk;ay;jcif;wdkYaqmif&Gufjcif;jzpfonf[k tMurf;zsif;rSwf
    ,lEdkifaMumif;od&onf/
    xdkYaemufwGif arG;zGm;vmonfh uav;tm; owfrSwf
    oufwrf;jynfyh gu HIV yd;k ul;pufcx
    H m;&jcif;&Srd &Sd ppfaq;jcif;
    ESifh ul;pufcH&ygu vdktyfonfh ukorIrsm;jyKvkyfay;jcif;wdkY
    jzpfaMumif; od&onf/
    rdcifrS uav;odkY HIV ydk;ul;pufEdkifonfhenf;vrf;rsm;
    rSm txufwGifazmfjyxm;onfh enf;vrf;oHk;ckjzifh ul;puf
    Edkifaomfvnf; rdcifEdkYwpfrsdK;wnf;tm; ajcmufvtxdwdkuf
    auR;ygu ul;pufEdkifonfhEIef;usqif;EdkifaMumif; a'gufwm
    Ormatmifuajymonf/
    xdkYtjyiftouf 15ESpfrS 49ESpft&G,f&Sd rsdK;yGm;Edkifonfh
    t&G,f&Sd trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; HIV ydk;ul;pufjcif;rcH&ap&ef
    ynmay;a[majymjcif;rsm;jyKvkyfjcif;uvnf; PMCT enf;
    vrf;rsm;xJrS wpfckjzpfaMumif; od&onf/
    PMCT enf;jzifh uav;tm;umuG,fygu uav;i,f
    tm;ul;pufEdkifonfhEIef;rSm urmhEdkifiHrsm;wGif 2 &mcdkifEIef;t
    xd avQmch sEikd Nf y;D zGUH NzKd ;qJEikd if rH sm;wGif 5&mcdik Ef eI ;f txdavQmch s
    Edkifum jrefrmEdkifiHwGif 11 &mcdkifEIef;txd avQmhcsEdkifNyDjzpf
    onf[k od&onf/
    ]]HIV rSm ZD;d;k qdw
    k hJ toH;k tEIe;f roH;k ayr,fh uRerf wdu
    Yk
    awmh ZD;d;k tqift
    h xda&mufatmif BuKd ;pm;oGm;rSmyg}}[k a'guf
    wmOrmatmifu ajymonf/

    Vol.11,
    Vol.10,
    No.31
    No.13
    October
    June 1611
    , 2011
    , 2012

    rauG;wGifbPfrS
    aiGxkwfvmolwpfOD; vk,ufcH&

    awmifBuD;NrdKUwGif vkyfief;cGifrawmfwqrIaMumifh vlckepfOD;aoqHk;


    rif;Zmenf
    awmifBuD;?
    atmufwkdbm - 4
    awmifBuD;NrdKU&Sd aqmufvkyfa&;
    vkyif ef;cGiw
    f pfcw
    k iG f bdvyfajr
    azsmfpuf tjrifhodkY qGJwif&mrS
    ,if;puf jyKwfusrIaMumifh vl
    ck e pf O D ; aoqH k ; rI jzpf y G m ;cJ h
    aMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    jzpfyGm;yHkrSm ,ckv 3 &uf
    u awmifBuD;NrdKU jynfawmfom
    &yf? trSwf(y^23)BuHUckdifa&;
    vrf;ay:&Sd aqmufvkyfqJ t
    aqmufttHkay:odkY bdvyfajr
    arTpuf tay:qH;k xyfoYkd qGw
    J if
    &mrS BudK;jywfusNyD; jirf;pifay:
    odYk jyKwu
    f sc&hJ m vlajcmufO;D ao
    qHk;cJhNyD; usefwpfOD;rSm aq;Hk
    wGif xyfrHaoqHk;oGm;aMumif;
    od&onf/

    apm&efEkdif

    awmifBuD;NrdKUwGif rawmfwqrIjzpfyGm;cJh&m taqmufttkH

    "mwfykH-rif;Zmenf

    tqkyd gjzpfpOfaMumifh vkyif ef;cGit


    f wGi;f rS vkyo
    f m;trsm;tjym; 'Pf&m&&Scd NhJ y;D if;wdYk tm; awmifBu;D
    NrdKU p0fpHxGef;aq;Hk qufvufukovsuf&SdaMumif; pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/

    csif;wGif;jrpftwGif;
    pufavSay:rS rl;,pfaq;0g;
    usyfodef; 1600 ausmfzdk; zrf;rd
    rsdK;rif;OD;
    rHk&Gm?atmufwdkbm-2
    rHk&Gmcdkif 0if;rem;&Jpcef;tydkif vufyefpkaus;&GmteD;
    csif;wGif; jrpftwGif; pufavSwpfpD;ay:rS rl;,pfaq;0g;
    usyfodef;wpfaxmifhajcmuf&mausmfzdk; zrf;qD;&rdcJhaMumif;
    owif;&&Sdonf/
    umvwefzdk;usyfodef;wpfaxmifhoHk;&mausmf&Sd ql'dk
    tufz&if;aq;jym; 65 tdwEf iS fh usyo
    f ed ;f oH;k &mausmzf ;kd &Sd t
    av;csdef 9 uDvdk*&rfyg tjzLa&miftrIefY puL*syfzmwpf
    xkyt
    f m; pufwifbm 29 &uf n 8 em&Dtcsed u
    f zrf;qD;&rdchJ
    aMumif; od&onf/
    tqdyk g trIEiS yfh wfouf pufavSarmif;ol ol&pd;k (c)
    pdk;BuD;(c)aZmf0if;udk? crdwfaus;&Gm? wrl;NrdKUe,f tygt0if
    ig;OD;tm; ueDNrdKUe,f0if;rem; aus;&Gm&JwyfzGJUpcef;rS 'k&J
    tkyf0if;[efrS w&m;vdkjyKvkyf 0if;rem;&Jpcef;wGif rl;,pf
    (y) 1^2012 rl;,pfy'k rf 15^15 (c)^21 jzihf trIziG hf ppfaq;
    aqmif&Gufvsuf&SdaMumif; od&onf/

    rauG;?atmufwdkbm-6
    rauG;NrdKU uarmZbPfrS aiGxkwfNyD;jyefvmolwpfOD;tm; qkdif
    u,fjzifh vku
    d v
    f v
    H ,
    k ufrI ,ckv 4 &ufu jzpfymG ;cJah Mumif; owif;
    &&Sdonf/
    jzpfymG ;yHrk mS rauG;NrKd Uae touf 25 ESpt
    f &G,f trsKd ;orD;wpf
    OD;onf ,if;aeYu rdcifjzpfol aq;uko&eftwGuf uarmZ
    bPfwGif aiGusyfq,fhig;odef;xkwf,lNyD; ,if;aiGrsm;yg&Sdonfh
    tdwftm; qdkifu,fa&SUjcif;twGif;xnfh jyefvmcJhonfqkd\/
    xdkokdYjyefvmpOf uefom&yfuGuf jynfawmfomvrf;qHk t
    a&mufwiG f vli,fwpfO;D u qkid u
    f ,fjzihf ab;csi;f ,SOv
    f u
    dk v
    f mNy;D
    aiGxyk t
    f m;vk,u
    l m armif;ajy;oGm;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    ,if;jzpf&yfESihf ywfouf NrdKUr&Jpcef;odkY w&m;vdkjyK wkdif
    Mum;cJh&m rauG;NrdKU NrdKUr&J pcef;rS (y)248^12 jypfrIqdkif &mOya'
    yk'fr 382 t& trIzGifhxm;&SdcJhNyD; tqkdygtrItm; tjrefqHk;pHkprf;
    zrf;qD;Ekid af &;twGuf qufvuf&mS azG pHpk rf;cJh &mrS jypfru
    I sL;vGeo
    f l
    tm; 24em&DtwGi;f oufaocHypn;f aiGusyq
    f ,hif g;ode;f ESit
    hf wl
    zrf;qD;&rdcJhaMumif; NrdKUr&Jpcef;rS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/

    jrif;rlNrdKUe,ftwGif; z&Jwdk;pdkuf v,f,majr iSm;&rf;rIjrifhwuf


    &efEkdifausmf
    rHk&Gm? atmufwkdbm - 6
    ppfudkif;wdkif;a'oBuD; jrif;rlNrdKU
    e,ftwGi;f jynfwiG ;f pdu
    k yf sKd ;a&;
    ukrPDrsm;u z&Jpdkufcif;rsm;
    wdk;csJUpdkufysdK;jcif;aMumifh v,f
    ,majriSm;&rf;rIEIef; ododom
    om jrifhwufvmaMumif; jrif;rl
    NrdKUe,ftwGif;&Sd a'ocHawmif
    olrsm; ajymMum;csuft& od&Sd
    &onf/

    ]]jrif;rlNrdKU ajrmufbuf
    jrif;rlNrKd Ut0if qdik ;f bkwt
    f eD;rSm
    v,f,majr{u 30 ausmf z&J
    pdkufcif;awG ppkdufaeNyD/ wpf
    {u ESpfodef;EIef;eJY ajriSm;pdkuf
    wm/ t&ifEpS af wGwek ;f u jrif;rl
    NrdKUeJY teD;qkH;rSm 'Dvdk pdkufcif;
    awG pdkufwmr&Sdbl;/ 'DESpf NrdKU
    eJY teD;qkH; ,mcif;awGudk iSm;NyD;
    pdkufMuw,f/ &moDrrSefawmh
    vlyef;cHNyD; pdkufysdK;raeawmhbJ

    pdkufysdK;a&; ukrPDawGudk iSm;


    Muw,f/ wcsdKU awmifolawG
    u wpf{u ESpfodef;cGJ? okH;odef;
    txd ajriS m ;cawmif ; w,f /
    pdkufcif;awG NyD;oGm;&if ajrysuf
    rSmudk pdk;&drfaewJh awmifolawG
    vnf; ydkrsm;vmw,f}} [k jrif;rl
    NrdKUajrmufbuft0if z&Jpdkuf
    cif;rsm;tm; ajriSm;&rf;cJhaom
    awmifolwpfOD;u ajymonf/
    ]]t&ifwkef;u oJaomif
    jyifawG ouf&ifhuRef;awGrSm
    z&Jpdkufcif;awG iSm;wm&Sdw,f/
    'DESpf rl;jrpfurf;u ukef;jrifhydkif;
    oJqefwJh ajrawGudk wpf{u
    ESpfodef;eJY vmiSm;w,f/ tvkyf
    orm;c wpf & uf 1500 wJ h /
    &moDtajymif;tvJaMumifh oD;
    ES H t xG u f a vsmh w ma&m rd k ; OD ;
    oD;ESHysufvdYk t&if;tESD;enf;
    oGm;wma&maMumifh vlyef; EGm;
    yef;rcHawmhbJ z&Jpdkufcif;awG

    qD u tom;wif a iG u k d , l N yD ;
    ajriSm;wmydrk sm;vmw,f/ wcsKd U
    awmifolawGu rdk;aESmif;&moD
    aumif;&if 0ifaiGaumif;wJh ajr
    yJawG pdkufMuw,f ajrriSm;ol
    awGvnf; &Sdygw,f}} [k jrif;rl
    NrdKUe,f aysmh&Gmaus;&Gma'ocH
    awmifolOD;rif;Edkifuqdkonf/
    jrif;rlNrdKUe,ftwGif; jynf
    wGif; pdkufysdK;a&;vkyfief;ukrPD
    rsm; &if;ESD;jrKyfESHvkyfudkif&mwGif
    v,f,majriSm;&rf;rIEIef; jrifh
    wufvmNyD; a'ocHv,f,m t
    vkyo
    f rm;rsm;tvkyt
    f udik ftcGihf
    tvrf;ydkrdk&&SdvmcJhaMumif; od
    &onf/
    z&Jpdkufcif;rsm;wGif tdrfeD;
    csif; wkwfEkdifiHESifh &Srf;jynf
    e,f a jrmuf y d k i f ; rS z&J p d k u f y sd K ;
    a&;ynm&Sirf sm; vma&mufvyk f
    udkifpdkufysdK;aMumif; tqdkyg a'
    ocHawmifolrsm; ajymonf/

    jrif;rlNrKd Ue,ftwGi;f ,cif


    ESpfrsm;u v,f,majrwpf{u
    vQif wpfESpf ig;aomif;rS wpf
    odef;0ef;usiftxdom aps;&&Sd
    cJh&mrS jynfwGif;pdkufysdK;a&;ukr
    PD r sm; &if ; ES D ; jr K yf E S H r I a Mumif h
    v,f,majrwpf{uvQif usyf
    ESpfodef;txd &&SdcJhonf/

    jynfwGif; z&JpdkufysdK;a&;
    ukrPDrsm;rS xkwfvkyfaom
    z&JoD;rsm; jynfwGif; jynfyaps;
    uGufodkY wdkufdkufwifydkYa&mif;
    csrI a Mumif h rk H & G m cd k i f t wG i f ;
    z&J trsm;qkH; pdkufysdK;&m acsmif;
    OD;NrKd Ue,f ig;,Seaf us;&Gm z&Jpu
    dk f
    awmifolrsm; ,cifESpfrsm;t
    wGif; tIH;ESifh &ifqdkifcJh&ojzifh
    a'ocH awmiforl sm; z&Jpu
    kd yf sKd ;
    rI wpfESpfxufwpfESpf ododom
    omavsmhenf;vmaMumif; ig;
    ,Sefaus;&Gm a'ocHawmifol
    rsm;ajymMum;csut
    f &od&onf/

    16

    Regional

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    rEav;wGif awmif;&rf;pm;aomufolrsm; avsmhenf;a&; aqmif&Gufae


    &aeawmh tvkyfvkyfcsifpdwf
    ukd r&SdMuawmhbl;}}[k XmecGJrSL;
    uajymonf/ zrf;qD;cH&onfh
    awmif;&rf;pm;aomuforl sm;xJ
    wGif touf 18 ESpt
    f xuf &So
    d l
    rsm;onf oufqkdif&m &Jpcef;
    trI z G i h f ppf a q;ta&;,l
    cH&NyD;vQif ref;pnfyifoefY&Sif;
    a&;XmewGif tvkyfvkyfudkifvkd

    nDnDaZmf
    rEav;?
    atmufwdkbm-6
    rEav;NrdKUwGif awmif;&rf;pm;
    aomuf a eol r sm; yaysmuf
    avsmhenf;a&;twGuf XmeoHk;
    ck yl;aygif;um pDrHcsufcs aqmif
    &Guaf eaMumif; owif;&&So
    d nf/
    ref;pnfyifoefY&Sif;a&;Xm
    e? NrdKUe,f&JwyfzGJUrsm;ESihf vlrI
    0efxrf;OD;pD;XmewdkYu yl;aygif;
    aqmif&Gufaejcif;jzpfNyD; puf
    wifbmvrS pwifum aqmif
    &GufaeaMumif; pDrHcsufwGif yg
    0ifol ref;pnfyifoef&Y iS ;f a&;Xm
    erS XmecGJrSL;OD;pdk;wifhatmifu
    ajymonf/
    rE a v; Nrd K Uv,f { &d , m
    wpfckjzpfaom csrf;at;ompH
    NrdKUe,ftwGif; awmif;&rf;pm;
    aomufaeoltcsdKUudk pwifppf
    aq;ta&;,laeNyD; rEav;NrdKU
    &Sd tjcm;NrdKUe,frsm;wGifvnf;
    vkdufvHppfaq; ta&;,loGm;
    rnf[k ref;pnfyifoefY&Sif;a&;
    XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uajym
    onf/
    puf w if b m 29 &uf u
    rEav;NrKd U vlpnfum;&m ae&m

    ygu cefYxm;ay;cJhonf/
    rE a v;Nrd K UwG i f awmif ;
    &rf;pm;aomufolrsm;onf vl
    t0iftxGurf sm;onfh pwd;k qkid f
    rsm;? yvmZmrsm;ESihf rD;yGdKifhrsm;
    teD; awmif;avh&SdNyD; bk&m;yGJ
    awmfumvrsm;wGif ydkrdkrsm;jym;
    vmaMumif ; Nrd K UcH r sm;xH r S o
    wif;&&Sdonf/

    rHk&GmNrdKUe,fwGif MuufoGefeDpdkufysdK;csdef
    rsdK;aphaps;uGuf ESpfqcefY jrifhwuf
    &efukefNrdKU rD;yGdKifhwpfae&mwGif awmif;&rf;pm;aomufol uav;i,fwpfOD;tm;awGU&pOf

    rsm;jzpfaom 78 vrf;? vrf; 30?


    35 vrf;Mum;ESihf rEav;blwm
    Bu;D wpf0u
    dk w
    f iG f ref;pnfyifoefY
    &Sif;a&;XmeESifh NrdKUe,ftkyfcsKyf
    a&;rSL;? pnfyif&JwyfzGJUwdkY yl;
    aygif;&Sif;vif; aqmif&GufMu
    &m trsdK;orD;ESpfOD;rSm touf
    18 ES p f t xuf jzpf a eaom
    aMumifh trSwf 8 &Jpcef;odkY trI
    zGihf tyfESHcJhonf/
    xk d Y a emuf touf 1 v
    ESihf 18 &ufom &Sdao;onfh
    rdef;uav;i,fwpfOD;? touf
    10 ESpf? 3 ESpf? 9 ESpft&G,f&Sd
    a,mufsm;av;oHk;OD;? touf

    7 ESpf? 6 ESpf? 12 ESpf? 7 ESpft&G,f


    &Sd rdef;uav;av;OD; pkpkaygif;
    touf 18 ESpfatmuf &SpfOD;
    wdkYudk vlrI0efxrf;OD;pD;XmexH
    tyfESHcJhaMumif; wm0ef&Sdolu
    ajymonf/
    ,cifuyif pDrHcsufwpfck
    taejzihf tajctaerJh awmif;
    &rf;pm;aomufolrsm;tm; zrf;
    qD; a&wHcGefawmif pkdufysdK;
    a&;ESihf arG;jrLa&;NcHESihf tem
    a&m*g&Sdolrsm;tm; a&eHYomt
    emBuD ; a&m*guk aq;H k o d k Y yd k Y
    aqmifcJhonf/ tvkyfvkyfEdkif
    olrsm;ukd a&wHcGefawmif pdkuf

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    ysdK;arG;jrLa&;NcHESihf ref;pnfyif
    oefY&Sif;a&;XmewkdYwGif cefYxm;
    ay;cJah omfvnf; vkyu
    f ikd v
    f jdk cif;
    r&So
    d jzihf xGuaf jy;wdr;f a&SmifNy;D
    wpfywftMum ,cifawmif; ae
    usae&modo
    Yk m jyefvnfawmif;
    &rf;pm;aomufMuaMumif; t
    qkdygwm0ef&Sdoluajymonf/
    ]]uav;awGuar;w,f/
    OD;wdu
    Yk om;wku
    Yd dk pm;Ny;D aomuf
    NyD; tusefig;axmifay;Ekdifvm;
    ar;w,f/ b,fvkdvkyfay;Ekdifr
    vJ/ 'Du(oefY&Sif;a&;Xmeu)
    0efxrf;awGawmif tJ'aD vmuf
    r&bl;/ uav;awGu tvG,f

    &efEkdifausmf
    rHk&Gm? atmufwkdbm - 6
    rHk&GmNrdKUe,ftwGif; MuufoGefeD
    pdu
    k cf if;rsm;wGif rd;k MuufoeG Ef iS hf
    aqmif;MuufoGefpdkufcif;rsm;
    atmufwdkbmvqef;ydkif;pwif
    pdu
    k yf sKd ;csed w
    f iG f ,cifEpS t
    f wGi;f
    &moDOwk ajymif;vJrIaMumifh
    Muuf o G e f r sd K ;aph txG u f E I e f ;
    odoo
    d mom avsmeh nf;cJo
    h jzifh
    ,ckESpf pdkufysdK;csdefwGif rsdK;aph
    aps;EIef;rsm; ,cifESpfrsm;xuf
    ESpfqcefY jrifhwufvmaMumif;
    ppfudkif;wdkif;pm;zdkaqmif oD;ESH
    rsm; pd k u f y sd K ;xk w f v k y f a &;t
    oif;'kwOd u|(MuufoeG ef D tpk
    tzGJU) OD;atmifxl;u ajymMum;
    cJhonf/

    ]]rd k ; Muuf o G e f (tNrd w f
    axmif) a'oxGufrsdK;u wpf
    ydm 400 uae 500 usyf0ef;
    usif&Sdw,f/ t&ifESpfu wpf
    ydm 250-300 aps;aygh/ aZmf
    rTm;vdkUac:wJh rsdK;MuufoGefO
    ao;u a&pBudKbuf oGm;0,f
    &w,f/ wpfydmudk 1000
    uae 1200 txd aps;ay;
    0,f&w,f/ t&ifESpfwkef;u
    aZmfrTm;wpfydm 500-600
    aps;&SdcJhw,f/ aqmif;MuufoGef
    rsdK;aphu wpfjynfudk ig;aomif;
    txd&Sdw,f/ t&ifESpfwkef;u
    ESpfaomif;cGJuae okH;aomif;
    avmuftxdyJ aps;&Sw
    d ,f/ rk&H mG
    wpf0dkufomru MuufoGefpdkuf
    wJh e,fawGtm;vkH; NyD;cJhwJhESpf
    &moDtajymif;tvJaMumifh rsdK;
    aphtxGuaf vsmw
    h t
    hJ wGuf tck
    vdk rsdK;aphaps;awG wufvmwm
    yg/ 'DESpf MuufoGefeDaps;u wpf
    ydm 700 ausmftxd aps;
    aumif;&awmh MuufoeG af wmif
    olwikd ;f vnf; pdu
    k Mf uysKd ;Muw,f}}
    [k OD;atmifx;l u &Si;f vif;ajym
    Mum;cJhonf/
    ]]t&ifESpfawGwkef;u rsdK;
    aphydkvdkY a&mif;pm;&w,f/ 'D&Gm
    rSmu MuufoGefeDrsdK;aphtwGuf
    ryl&atmif ydkpdkufw,f/ NyD;cJh
    wJh ESpfwkef;u rdk;aESmif;&moD

    ajymif ; vJ r I u rsd K ;aph t xG u f


    avsmhw,f/MuufoGefeD pdkufNyD;
    csrf ; omol a wG r sm;awmh rsd K ;
    aphtwGuf BudKpkxm;wJhtwGuf
    rsdK;aps;wufvnf; a'owGif;
    MuufoGefeDpdkufysdK;a&;awmh t
    cufrBuKHygbl;}}[k rkH&GmNrdKUe,f
    twGif; MuufoGefeDtrsm;qkH;
    pdu
    k yf sKd ;xkwv
    f yk af om ajreJaus;
    &Gma'ocH awmifolwpfOD;u
    ajymonf/
    ]]MuufoGefeDrsdK;u t&if
    ES p f u txG u f e nf ; w,f / a'
    owGif; pdkufzdkYysdK;zdkYawmh vkH
    avmufw,fqdkayr,fh tjyif
    u enf ; enf ; pD a wmh 0,f &
    w,f/ rdk;MuufoGefawGu ppdkuf
    aeNyD/ MuufoGefeD wpfydm
    700 ausmfqdkawmh pdkufwJhol
    vnf ; rsm;w,f / rsd K ;aps;u
    vnf; rsm;w,fqdk&rSm/ aeYpm;
    tvk y f o rm; wpf a ,muf u d k
    1500 usyfay;&w,f/ rdk;Muuf
    oGeftjywfpdkuf wpf{u av;
    aomif ; 0ef ; usif t xd ay;&
    w,f/ aeYpm; tvkyform;&Sm;
    awmh tjywf p d k u f iS m ;&wmyd k
    rsm;w,f/ aqmif;MuufoeG af wG
    atmuf w d k b mvqef ; rS pysd K ;
    axmifaeNyDqdkawmh MuufoGef
    eD r sd K ;aph a ps; ig;aomif ; txd
    ta&mif;t0,fjzpfw,fqdkay
    r,fh udk,fh&yf? udk,fh&Gm taet
    xm;MunfhNyD; BudK0,fxm;wm
    qd k a wmh rsd K ;aph w pf j ynf ok H ;
    aomif;? av;aomif;0ef;usifeJY
    0,fxm;Muw,f}}[k rk&H mG NrKd Ue,f
    rif;&Gmaus;&Gm a'ocH Muuf
    oGefeDpdkuf awmifolwpfOD;u
    ajymonf/
    rkH&GmNrdKUe,ftwGif; ajreJ
    aus;&Gm? rif;&Gm? uRJ&Jaus;&Gm?
    orE m aus;&G m ? awmif y vl
    aus;&Gm? tufawm aus;&GmwdkY
    wGif MuufoGefeDpkdufysdK;xkwf
    vkyfol rsm;jym;NyD; a'owGif;
    aps;uGufomru txufjref
    rmEdkifiH rEav;aps;uGufodkYyg
    wifydkYa&mif;csvsuf&SdaMumif;
    od&onf/

    17

    Regional

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    trIdufodrf;,mOfrsm; rdk;umtrdk;tkyf trIdufo,faqmif&rnf[k ref;pnfyifTefMum;


    nDnDaZmf
    rEav;?
    atmufwdkbm-6
    rEav;NrdKU&Sd trIdufodrf;,mOf
    rsm;ay:wGif trIdufrsm;udk rdk;
    umtrd;k rsm;tky
    f o,faqmif
    &ef TefMum;xm;NyD; vkdufem
    jcif;r&Sdygu rEav;NrdKUawmf
    pnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwDodkY
    wkdifMum;EkdifaMumif; od&onf/
    ref;pnfyifwiG f trIu
    d o
    f rd ;f
    ,mOf B uD ; 144 pD ; &S d N yD ; ,if ;
    ,mOfrsm;tm;vHk;tm; trIduf
    odrf;qnf;NyD; trIdufusif;odkY ydkY
    aqmif&mwGif trIdufrsm; vGifh
    pOfjyKwu
    f srI rjzpfay:apa&;t
    wGuf xkwfay;xm;aom rdk;um
    trdk; tkyfNyD;rSom trIdufodrf;
    ,mOfrsm; armif;ESifydkYaqmif&ef
    TefMum;xm;onf[k ref;pnf
    yifoefY&Sif;a&;XmerS XmecGJrSL;
    wpfOD;uajymonf/
    trIdufrsm; vkdufvHodrf;

    pkdif;omatmif

    pOf;urf;wus trdIuf,mOfwpfpD; awGU&pOf

    qnf;&mwGif tcsdKUaom trdIuf


    odrf;,mOfrsm;rSm ref;pnfyif\
    owfrSwfpnf;urf;rsm;udk vkduf
    emrIr&SdbJ pGefYypftrIdufrsm; zHk;
    tkyfo,f,lrI tm;enf;onfukd
    awGU&Sd&ojzihf ywf0ef;usifwGif

    trIdufrsm; ususefcJhjcif;? npf


    nrf;apjcif;rsm; jzpfay:apjcif;
    aMumifh trIdufrsm;udk zHk;tkyf
    o,faqmifjcif; rjyKonfh t
    rdIufodrf;,mOfrsm;ukd awGU&Sdyg
    u wkdifMum;ay;apvdkaMumif;

    "mwfykH-nDnDaZmf

    wm0ef&Sdoluajymonf/ ,if;
    ok d Y pnf ; urf ; rvd k u f e maom
    ,mOfarmif;rsm;udk pnf;urf;ESifh
    tnD ta&;,laqmif&GufoGm;
    rnf j zpf a Mumif ; owif ; &&S d
    onf/

    rEav;wkdif;twGif; ,mOfarmif;pOf
    zkef;ajymvQif ta&;,lrnf
    nDnDaZmf
    rEav;?atmufwdkbm-6
    rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD;twGif;
    ,mOfarmif;ESifaepOftwGif;
    zke;f ajymolrsm;ukd ppfaq;ta&;
    ,loGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;
    &&Sdonf/
    trsm;jynf o l r sm; ,mOf
    tE&m,fuif;&Si;f a&;ESifh xdcu
    kd f
    rI avsmh e nf ; apa&;twG u f
    ,mOfarmif;aepOf zkef;ajymqdk
    jcif; rjyKvkyf&ef rEav;wdkif;
    a'oBuD; ,mOfpnf;urf;xdef;
    odrf;a&; BuD;MuyfrIaumfrwDu
    today; aMunmcsufwpf&yf
    xkwfjyefxm;onf/
    ]],mOfarmif;&if;zkef;ajym
    &if tmHkawGrsm;vmw,f/ *k
    pkdufrarmif;Ekdifawmhbl;/ tE
    &m,fvnf;rsm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh
    ckvkdvkyf&wmyg}}[k ,mOfpnf;
    urf;xdef;odrf;a&; BuD;MuyfrI
    aumfrwDrS ,mOfxdef;t&m&Sd
    wpfOD;u ajymonf/

    wkwfEkdifiHodkY
    w&m;r0ifwifydkYrnfh trJom;
    ydmcsdef 8000 ausmfzrf;rd

    vk d u f e mrI r &S d o l r sm;tm;


    rEav;NrdKUawmfpnfyifom,m
    a&; Oya'yk'fr 26 t& axmif
    'PfoHk;vtxdjzpfap? aiG'Pf
    usyfwpfaomif;rS trsm;qHk; aiG
    usyfoHk;odef;txdjzpfap? 'Pf
    ESp&f yfv;kH jzpfap ta&;,lc&H Ekid f
    aMumif; ref;pnfyifpDrHa&;&m
    XmerS wm0ef&o
    dS w
    l pfO;D u ajym
    onf/
    rEav;NrdKU c&D;oGm;vkyf
    ief;wpfckrS 0efxrff;trsdK;om;
    wpfOD;u ]]qdkifu,feJY oGm;&if;
    zkef;cPcPvmw,f/ rajym
    vdkYvnf;rjzpfawmh vrf;ab;
    &yfajym&w,f/ bvl;wkygwJh
    em;Muyf0,fr,f pdwful;w,f}}
    [k qdkonf/
    rEav;NrKd UwGif 2012 ckEpS f
    Zef e 0g&D v rS Mo*k w f v txd
    qdkifu,ftygt0if ,mOfwkduf
    rIrsm;aMumifh aoqHk;'Pf&m&&Sd
    ol ta&twGufonf ,refESpf
    uxuf ydkrsm;vmNyD; ,mOfpnf;

    urf ; rvd k u f e mrI r sm;aMumih f


    tjzpfrsm;onfudkawGU&aMumif;?
    xkaYd Mumifh ,mOfpnf;urf;? vrf;
    pnf;urf; vku
    d ef mrItm;enf;ae
    ao; ,cif x uf wif ; usyf
    aom tpD t pOf r sm; wk d ; jr i f h

    aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
    rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD; vrf;yef;
    qufoG,fa&;0efBuD;Xme 0ef
    BuD;OD;ausmfqef;u wdkif;a'o
    BuD ; vT w f a wmf tpnf ; ta0;
    wGif ajymMum;cJhonf/

    rEav;? atmufwkdbm - 6
    wkwfEkdifiHodkY w&m;r0ifwifydkYrnfh trJom; ydmcsdef 8000
    ausmt
    f m; rEav;NrKd Uawmfpnfyifom,ma&;aumfrwD&w
    J yfzUJG rS
    atmufwkdbm 1 &ufu &SmazGzrf;qD;&rdcJhonf/
    NrdKUawmfpnfyif&JwyfzGJUrS &Jt&m&SdSESpfOD;? wyfzGJU0if 10 OD;wkdY
    onf csr;f jrompnfNrKd Ue,f rEav;-&efuek v
    f rf;wGif owif;t&
    apmifhqkdif;aepOf armfawmf,mOftrSwf6*^---- tm;&yfwefY&Sm
    azG&m tat;cef;trJom;rsm;udk uGefwdefemum;jzihf wifaqmif
    xGucf mG vmonfh ,mOfarmif;armifEidk u
    f kd trJom; 14 wefy
    d m
    8000 ausmf? tdwfaygif; 582 tdwf zrf;qD;&rdcJhonf/
    ,mOfarmif;u uH&Gmae OD;aZmf0if;(c)tm;usKH;u tyfESHNyD;
    rlq,fodkY ydkYay;&rnfjzpfaMumif; xGufqkdojzihf zrf;qD; a&;tzGJU
    taejzihf w&m;0ifo,f,lcGihf? wd-ukq&m0ef\ axmufcHcsuf?
    e,fpyfodkY o,f,lydkYaqmifcGihfvufrSwfryg&Sdojzihf NrdKUawmfpnf
    yiftufOya' 26 t& trIzGihfta&;,lxm;onf/
    pufwifbm 12 &ufuvnf; wkwfEkdifiHbufodkYydkYrnfh trJ
    om; a&cJtw
    d f 360?(ydm 5000 ausm)f udk 59_raemf[&Dvrf;
    axmifhwGif zrf;qD;&rdojzihf NrdKUawmfpnfyiftufOya' 26 t&
    trIzGihfta&;,lxm;NyD;jzpfonf/
    wkwEf idk if H a&TvND rKd UodYk ,cifu rEav;-rlq,fvrf;aMumif;
    twkid ;f tom;pm;oHk;&eftwGuf EGm;rsm;udk 12 bD;um;jzihf wifykYd
    Muaomfvnf; rMumcP zrf;qD;cH&ojzihf EGm;rsm;udk taumif
    vdkufrydkYawmhbJ trJom;rsm;tjzpf ykdYaqmifjcif;jzpfaMumif;? NrdKU
    awmfpnfyif &JwyfzUJG taejzihfpufwifbm vqef;rS atmufwb
    dk m
    1 &uftxd wkwfEkdifiHodkY wifydkYrnfh trJom;rsm;udk ,cktyg
    t0if oH;k Budrzf rf;qD;&rdcNhJ y;D ,cktcsed o
    f nf trsm;qH;k zrf;qD;&rd
    jcif;jzpfaMumif; od&onf/

    b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiHwGif qlyltMurf;zufrIrsm; jzpfay:aeaomfvnf;


    armifawme,fpyfwGif yHkrSefvnfywfvsuf&Sd
    armifuH
    armifawm? atmufwdkbm-6
    b*Fvm;a'h&Sf EdkifiH pufwif
    bm 29 &ufESifh 30 &ufrsm;u
    jzpf y G m ;cJ h o nf h ql y l t Murf ;
    zufrIrsm;aMumifh e,fpyfa'o
    rsm;wGif nrxGuf&trdefYrsm;
    xkwfjyefxm;aomfvnf; armif
    awme,fpyfwGif e,fpyfjzwf
    ausmfoGm;vmrIESihf e,fpyfukef
    oG , f r I vk y f i ef ; rsm;rS m quf
    vufvkyfudkifaeqJjzpfaMumif;

    owif;&&Sdonf/
    ]][dkbufurf;rSm qlylt
    Murf;zufraI wG jzpfaewmaMumifh
    'DrSmvdkyJ yk'fr 144 nrxGuf&
    trdefYudk xkwfjyefxm;ygw,f/
    'gayrJh e,fpyfjzwfausmf oGm;
    vmcGifhudkawmh rydwfygbl;/ aeY
    wkdif;armifawmeJY wuezfukd
    aeYcsi;f jyef wpfyidk w
    f pfEidk f pD;yGm;
    a&;orm;awG oG m ;aeMuyg
    w,f / 'gayrJ h apmapmoG m ;?
    apmapmjyefvm&ygw,f/ ESpf

    zufpvHk;rSm nrxGuf&trdefY
    awG&adS eawmh tcsed Mf umatmif
    aevk d Y tqif r ajyygbl ; }}[k
    armifawme,fpyfESihf wuezf
    odkY aeYcsif;jyef ul;oef;oGm;vm
    aeonhf wpfykdifwpfEkdif ukef
    oG,folwpfOD;u ajymonf/
    aeYcsif;jyef xkdodkYoGm;ol
    rsm; e,f p yf j zwf a usmf o G m ;
    vmaejcif;ESifhtwl e,fpyfukef
    oG,fa&; vkyfief;rSmvnf; &yf
    qkid ;f xm;jcif;r&Sb
    d J yHrk eS t
    f wdik ;f

    quf v uf v k y f u d k i f a eqJ j zpf


    aMumif; e,fpyfuek o
    f ,
    G af &;vkyf
    udik af eolwpfO;D u ajymonf/
    odkYaomfvnf; ckepf&ufAD
    Zmorm;rsm;ukdrl oGm;vmcGifhr
    jyKao;aMumif; od&onf/ b*F
    vm;a'h&EfS idk if w
    H iG f tpGe;f a&muf
    tMurf;zufolrsm;\ rD;dIUzsuf
    qD ; rI a Mumif h Ak ' b mombk e f ;
    awmfBuD;ausmif;rsm;ESifh &ckdif
    wkdif;&if;om;aetdrfrsm; ysufpD;
    qHk;HI;cJh&aMumif; od&onf/

    18

    Regional

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    qif;&JEGrf;yg;olrsm;twGuf
    rEav;-yk*H taysmpf ;D oabFm jA[pdk&ftoif;rSwpfqifh usef;rma&;tvSLaiG
    atmufwdkbm 14 wGif
    usyfodef;aygif; ESpfaxmifausmf vSL'gef;

    pwifajy;qGJrnf
    tdjzLvGif
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-4
    EkdifiHjcm;om; c&D;oGm;rsm;t
    wGuft"du&nf&,
    G o
    f nfhayguH
    2012 taysmfpD;oabFm\ rE
    av;-yk*H? yk*H-rEav; c&D;pOf
    rsm;udk,ckv14&ufrSppwif
    ajy;qJGrnf[k od&onf/
    rEav;-yk*HESifh yk*H-rE
    av; c&D;pOfrsm;udk wpfntdyf
    ESifh ESpfntdyfc&D;pOfrsm;udk c&D;
    wdktjzpf ajy;qJGay;rnfjzpfNyD;
    vrf;wpfavQmufwGif EkdifiHjcm;
    om;c&D ; oG m ;rsm; pd w f 0 if p m;
    Ekid rf nfh avhvmoifah om ae&m
    rsm;wGif qkdufuyfay;rnf [ k
    vnf; od&onf/
    oabFmwGif ESpaf ,muf t
    cef; 22 cef; yg0ifNyD; Icif;ae
    &may:rlwnfNy;D aps;EIe;f rsm; uGm
    jcm;rnf[kvnf; od&onf/
    tcef ; aps;EI e f ; rsm;onf
    tar&d u ef a':vm 300 rS
    400 Mum;&SdEkdifNyD; c&D;onfrsm;
    ESifh c&D;oGm;ukrPDrsm;\ vdk

    tyfcsufay:rlwnf c&D;wkd?
    c&D;&Snf ajymif;vJajy;qJaG y;Ekid f
    onf[kvnf; od&onf/
    138 ayt&S n f & S d teH
    34 ayus,faom ayguH 2012
    oabFmudk jrefrmhoabFmusif;
    wG i f y if wnf a qmuf c J h N yD ;
    oabF m ay:wG i f jref r mEk d i f i H
    xGuf uRef;ESifh opfrmrsm;udk
    om t"dutok;H jyKxm;aMumif;
    vnf; od&onf/
    EkdifiHjcm;om; c&D;oGm;rsm;
    tqif a jypG m oG m ;vmEk d i f & ef
    oabF m ay:&S d tcef ; rsm;uk d
    [dkw,fcef;rsm;uJhodkY jyifqif
    ay;xm;NyD; t*Fvdyfpum;ajym
    c&D;oGm;rsm;twGuf {nfhvrf;
    Tef oD;oefYrvdktyfbJ oabFm
    ay:&Sdwm0ef&Sdolrsm;u vkdtyf
    onfh &Sif;vif;rIrsm;udk wm0ef
    ,lay;onf[kvnf; od&onf/
    aygut
    H aysmpf ;D oabFm udk
    Ayravata Cruises oabFmvki
    d ;f
    rS pDpOfjcif;jzpfNyD; ,ckoabFm
    onf wwd,ajrmuf taysmfpD;
    oabFmjzpfonf[k od&onf/

    pkdif;omatmif

    rEav;? atmufwkdbm - 6
    rEav;jA[p&kd v
    f rl u
    I n
    l aD &;toif;onf {Nyv
    D rS Mo*kwv
    f txd
    rEav;taxGaxGa&m*gukaq;HBk u;D tygt0if tpd;k &aq;HBk u;D
    ajcmuf?kH jA[p&dk af q;Hw
    k w
    Ykd iG f vma&mufuo
    k Muaom qif;&JErG ;f
    yg;vlemrsm;twGuf usyo
    f ed ;f aygif; 2727 ausmf aq;zk;d tvSLaiG
    vSL'gef;cJhaMumif; od&onf/
    jA[pdk&fvlrIulnDa&;toif; Ou| a'gufwm0if;jrifh (awmf
    0ifaq;Hk)u ]]uRefawmfwkdY jynfolawGxHu usef;rma&;tvSL
    aiGusyfodef;aygif; 1445 odef;ausmf &&Sdygw,f/ 'gayrJh qif;
    &JErG ;f yg;vlemawGu rsm;aeawmh toif;u usyo
    f ed ;f aygif; 1281
    ode;f ausmpf u
    kd x
    f w
    k Nf y;D aq;zk;d tvSLukov
    kd jf yKcyhJ gw,f/ aq;0g;uk
    ozdkYcufcJwJh qif;&Jom;jynfolawGu ydkrsm;vmw,f}}[k ajym
    onf/ jA[pkd&fukodkvfjzpf aq;HkwGif ,cifu pae? we*FaEG ESpf
    &ufom ukoay;cJh&mrS wufa&mufukool rsm;jym;vmonfh
    twGuf Ak'[
    ;l aeYtxdyg &ufw;dk csUJ vufcu
    H o
    k vsu&f adS Mumif;od
    &onf/rEav;jA[p&kd v
    f rl u
    I n
    l aD &;toif;odYk qufo,
    G v
    f LS 'gef;
    vdyk gu 02-39143^02-66400 odYk qufo,
    G v
    f LS 'gef;Ekid af Mumif;
    od&onf/

    rEav;&Sd Mu,fig;yGifh[kdw,f
    jynfwGif;[dkw,frsm;wGif aps;tjrifhqHk;jzpfae[kqkd
    pkdif;omatmif
    rEav;?
    atmufwkdbm - 6
    rEav;NrKd UwGif rMumrDvykid ;f t
    wGi;f u Mu,fig;yGit
    hf qift
    h jzpf
    owfrw
    S zf iG v
    fh pS cf ahJ om [dw
    k ,f
    a&Tjynfom (Hotel Shwe Pyi
    Thar ) onf jref r mEk d i f i H w G i f
    tcef;caps;tBuD;qHk;[dkw,f
    jzpfaMumif; jrefrmEkdifiHqkdif&m
    [dkw,fvkyfief;&SifBuD;rsm;t
    oif;(rEav;Zkef)rS trIaqmif
    wpfOD;uajymonf/

    a&Tjynfom[dkw,f aps;
    uG u f r ef a e*sm a':at;yy
    atmifu [dkw,ftcef;crsm;
    owfrw
    S x
    f m;&Srd EI iS yfh wfouf
    ]][dk Presidential Suite wpf
    cef;&Sdw,f/ tcef;cu a':vm
    2500 yg/ Ambassadar Suite

    uvnf ; wpf c ef ; yg/ tJ ' gu


    a':vm 2000 yg/ ykHrSefcef;
    wpfcef; a':vm 250yg}}[kajz
    Mum;onf/
    ]]rEav;rSm qD'dk;em;[dk
    w,feYJ rEav;a[;vf&aD qmh[kd
    w,fESpfvHk;u Mu,fav;yGihft
    qifyh J [dw
    k ,f^c&D;u owfrw
    S f
    xm;awmh Mu,fav;yGi[
    fh w
    kd ,f
    tjrihfqHk;tcef;cxuf ESpfq
    avmufjrihfwmrSefayr,fh a&
    &SnfrSmawmh {nfhonfawGrsm;
    vmrSmyg}} [k if;\tjrifudk
    ajymonf/

    [dkw,fESifh c&D;oGm;vm
    a&;0efBuD;XmerS Mu,fav;yGifh
    tqif[
    h w
    kd ,ftaejzifh [dw
    k ,f
    tcef;cudk wpf&ufvQif a':
    vm 120 rS a':vm 170 txd
    om w&m;0if,lcGihf&Sdonf/

    yif;acsmif;twGif; t0wftpm;rygaom trsdK;om;wpfOD; tavmif;awGU


    qef;GefY
    a&eHacsmif;?
    atmufwdkbm-1
    yif;acsmif;twGif; oJaomifcHk
    tv,fwGif t0wftpm; ryg
    bJ aoqHk;vsuf&Sdonfh vlao
    tavmif;wpfavmif; awGU&SdcJh
    aMumif; od&onf/
    jzpf p Of r S m puf w if b m
    25 &uf eHeuf 9 em&D 45 rdepf

    tcsdefwGif a&eHacsmif;&Jpcef;
    ajrmufbuf av;rdkifcefY? yif;
    acsmif;wHwm; taemufbuf
    udkuf 200 cefYtuGmwGif yif;
    acsmif;twGif; oJaomifcHkt
    v,fwGif vlaotavmif;wpf
    avmif ; t0wf t pm;rygbJ
    arSmufvsufawGU&SdaMumif; EGm;
    ausmif;om;wpfO;D \ taMumif;
    Mum;csuft& wm0ef&Sdolrsm;

    oGm;a&mufppfaq;cJhonf/
    aoqHk;olrSm a&eHacsmif;
    NrdKU ,mBuD;jyif&yfae rif;rif;
    axG;jzpfNyD; jyify'Pf&mrsm;
    rawGU&SdbJ aoqHk;aejcif;jzpf
    onf/
    "r w mt& aoqH k ; jcif ;
    [kwf? r[kwf ppfaq;ta&;,l
    ay;yg&ef 'k&Jtkyfodef;xG#fu w
    &m;vdkjyKvkyf wkdifwef;cJh a&eH

    acsmif;NrdKU vufrSwfukef;&Jpcef;
    rS aorIaocif; trSwfpOf 1^
    2012 t& trIzGifhxm;aMumif;
    od&onf/

    aoqH k ; ol r S m pd w f u sef ;
    rma&; raumif;bJ wpfOD;wnf;
    oG m ;vmwwf u m ,ck u J h o d k Y
    jzpf&jcif;rSm yif;acsmif;t wGif;
    a&qif ; ul ; jcif ; jzpf a Mumif ;
    &JoHk;oyfcsuft& od&onf/

    tNydKiftqdkifa&mif;vdkol ydkrdkrsm;jym;vm rkH&Gmbk&m;BuD;yGJawmf qdkifcef;crsm; tqrwefjrifhwuf


    &efEkdifausmf
    rHk&Gm?
    atmufwkdbm - 6
    tnma'o yGJawmfBuD;rsm;wGif
    tNydKiftqdkif aps;a&mif;csol
    OD;a& wpfESpfxufwpfESpf ydkrdk
    rsm;jym;vmonfhtwGuf rkH&Gm
    bk&m;BuD; yGJawmfaps;qdkifcef;
    a&mif ; csol r sm; aps;qd k i f c ef ;
    tcuftcJrsm; ydkrdkBuKHawGvm
    cJh&NyD; qdkifcef;iSm;&rf;rIEIef;xm;
    rsm;vnf; jrifw
    h ufvmcJah Mumifh
    tnme,fvSnfh yGJaps;a&mif;cs
    olrsm; ajymMum;csuft&od&Sd
    &onf/
    ]]yG J a wmf a wG r S m a*gyu
    tzG J U awG ? yG J a wmf u sif ; ya&;
    aumfrwDu a&mif;cswJh aps;

    qdkifcef;cu oufomygw,f/
    rlv trnfayguf aps;qdkifcef;
    &SifawGudk OD;pm;ay;a&mif;wm
    ydrk sm;ygw,f/ wcsKd UyGaJ ps;a&mif;
    ol a wG u a*gyuqD u aps;
    oufoufomomeJ,
    Y Nl y;D tjyif
    aygufaps;eJY wpfqifhjyefiSm;wJh
    twGuf yGJaps;qdkifcef;cawGu
    odef;eJYcsD ay;&wmawG&Sdw,f/
    rkH&Gmqkawmif;jynfh bk&m;BuD;
    aps;yG J a wmf r S m a*gyutzG J U
    iSm; &rf;wJh qdkifcef;awGu aps;
    ouf o mNyD ; td r f & S i f a wG u
    qdkifcef;a&mif;wJhtcg rsufESm
    pmig;aywpf c ef ; wpf o d e f ; cG J
    avmuf t xd ay;iS m ;&w,f /
    tNydKiftqdkif aps;a&mif;&wJh
    pepfqdkawmh ae&maumif;&zdkY

    aps;aumif;ay;iSm;&w,f}}[k
    rkH&GmNrdKU e,fvSnfhyGJaps;a&mif;
    csol OD;0if;udu
    k ajymMum;onf/
    ]]vGefcJhwJh 10 ESpfavmuf
    wkef;u rkH&GmoDwif;uRwfbk&m;
    BuD;yGJawmfrSm aps;qdkifcef;awG
    pepf w us zG i f h c G i f h a y;w,f /
    vrf; v,frmS ysu
    H saps;onfawG
    vkH;0zGifhcGifhr&Sdbl;/ tckaemuf
    ydkif; yGJawmfvrf;tv,frSm aps;
    qdkifcef;awG zGifhcGifhay;awmh
    vrf;ab;aps;qdkifeJY vrf;v,f
    aps;qd k i f t Mum;rS m wpf z uf
    ESpf ayavmufom vloGm;vrf;
    usefw,f/ BudwfBudwfwdk; pnf
    um;csdefrSm wdk;a0SYoGm;vmae
    &wJhtwGuf aps;0,fawG &yfzdkY
    awmif ae&mr&vdkY aps;onf

    awG ta&mif ; yg;wmvnf ; &S d


    w,f } } [k rk H & G m oD w if ; uRwf
    bk&m;yGaJ wmfaps;qdik cf ef; ydik &f iS f
    wpfOD;uqdkonf/
    rk H & G m oD w if ; uRwf b k & m;
    yGJawmf (qkawmif;jynfhbk&m;
    BuD; Ak'ylZeyGJawmf)udk ESpfpOf
    oD w if ; uRwf v jynf h a usmf 1
    &ufrS vuG,faeYtxd usif;y
    avh&Sd&m qkawmif;jynfhbk&m;
    BuD;&ifjyifawmfESifh rkH&GmNrdKU\
    nD a emif apwD a wmf B uD ; jzpf
    aom qkawmif;jynfah pwDawmf
    ES i f h a&T p nf ; ck H a pwD a wmf B uD ;
    tMum; aps;qd k i f c ef ; rsm;jzif h
    pnfum;okdufNrdKufpGm usif;y
    avh&SdaMumif;od&Sd&onf/
    tqdkyg bk&m;yGJawmfum

    vwG i f pm;aomuf u k e f r sm;?


    vlokH;ukefrsm;? t0wftxnf
    rsm;? aq;0g;rsm;ES i f h uav;
    upm;p&mrsm; a'oxGufukef
    rsm; t"dua&mif;csvsuf&Sd&m
    rkH&GmNrdKUay:&Sd ukrPDrsm;? vkyf
    ief;&Sirf sm;? aps;Bu;D rsm;twGi;f rS
    aps;onf r sm;? e,f v S n f h a ps;
    a&mif;yGJawmf ta&mif;qdkifrsm;
    omru teD;ywf0ef;usif aus;
    &Gmrsm;rSa'oxGuu
    f ek pf nfrsm;?
    a'oxGuf t0wftxnfrsm;
    vma&muf a &mif ; csol r sm;&S d
    aMumif;od&Sd&onf/

    vGefcJhaom 2000 jynfh
    ESpf0ef;usifu e,fvSnhfyGJaps;
    a&mif ; csol 50 OD ; cef Y &S d & mrS
    ckESpftwGif; e,fvSnfhaps;qdkif

    a&mif;csol 200 ausmfcefYtxd


    rsm;jym;vmaMumif; e,fvSnfh
    aps;qdkifa&mif;csolrsm; ajymjy
    csuft&od&Sd&onf/ rkH&GmNrKdU
    qkawmif;jynfhapwDawmfa*gy
    utzGJUrS aps;qdkifcef;rsm; ae&m
    csxm;a&;tpnf ; ta0;tm;
    vmrnfh oDwif;uRwfvqef; 8
    &uf atmufwdkbmv28 &uf
    wGiu
    f si;f yrnfjzpfaMumif;pkpH rf;
    od&Sd&onf/
    jyify aps;qdkifcef;rsm; jrifh
    wufvmonfhtwGuf a*gyu
    tzGJUrS csxm;ay;rnfh aps;qdkif
    cef;rsm;wGif zGifhvSpfEdkif&ef t
    wGuf e,fvSnfhyGJaps;a&mif;cs
    ol r sm;u apmif h q d k i f ; vsuf & S d
    aMumif; od&onf/

    19

    Opportunity

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    *sme,fwkdufrsm;wGif 0efxrf;ac:,lrI tjrifhqHk;tcsdef


    at;jrwfol
    &efukef?
    atmufwkdbm - 7
    jynfwGif; tywfpOfxkwf *sm
    e,fwkdufrsm;u ,ckvykdif;t
    wGif; owif;axmufOD;a& 150
    ausmfcefY ac:qdkxm;NyD; q,fpk
    ESpfwpfckausmftwGif; OD;a&t
    rsm;qHk; ac:,ljcif;jzpfaMumif;
    jynfwiG ;f *sme,fwu
    dk rf sm;rS wm
    0ef&dS t,f'w
    D mrsm;u ajymMum;
    onf/
    rMumrD xkwfa0rnfh yk*
    vduaeYpOf owif;pmxkwfa0
    a&;twGuf t"du&nf&,
    G af c:
    qkdjcif;jzpfum tcsKdUaom o
    wif;*sme,fwkdufrsm;taejzihf
    wDAD yk o
    f v
    H ikd ;f ? tGev
    f ikd ;f rD',
    D m
    twGuyf g xnfo
    h iG ;f ac:,ljcif;
    jzpfaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    ]]wkdufwkdif;u tNydKifac:

    wmawmhr[kwb
    f ;l / vdt
    k yfcsuf
    &SdvkdYac:Muwm/ wpfa,mufeJY
    wpfa,muf NydKifNyD;ac:wmr
    [kwfbl;/ owif;axmuftjzpf
    toufarG;0rf;ausmif; tvkyf
    tcGihftvrf;rsm;w,fvdkYyJajym
    &r,f}} [k The Voice Weekly
    *sme,frS t,f'w
    D mcsKyOf ;D ausmf
    rif;aqGuajymonf/
    Messenger *sme,frS wm
    0efcHt,f'Dwm OD;ol&atmif
    u ]]owif;axmufawG&JU a&T
    acwfvdkY roHk;csifbl;/ vli,ft
    rsm;pktaeeJY tcGihftvrf;wpf
    ckyJvdkY ajymcsifygw,f}} [k qkd
    onf/
    xdkYtjyif jrefrmEkdifiHtae
    jzihf tjcm;aomEkdifiHrsm;uJhodYk
    *sme,fvpf oifwef;ausmif;
    rsm;zGiv
    fh pS rf ?I oifMum;rIenf;yg;
    vsuf&SdonfhtwGuf ,ck ac:

    0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    (bJGU& t*Fvdyfvkd ajymwwf&rnf/
    vkyfief; tawGUtBuHK&Sd&rnf/
    udk,fa&;&mZ0ifESifh "mwfyHk (2) yHk? nd
    EdIif;vpm) eHeuf 9 em&DrS aeYv,f 3
    em&DtwGif;
    zkef; - 201336? 0943197973
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf

    Tour

    John Engineering & Construction Co.,Ltd


    Sie Engineer (Civil) usm; (10) OD;
    (A.G.T.I, B-Tech, B.E)

    zkef; - 01-549162
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    ,mOfarmif; (uRrf;usif) usm; (2) OD;
    vufaxmufrefae*sm usm; (1) OD;
    (Word, Excel uRrf;usifpGmoHk;Ekdif&
    rnf)
    taxGaxG0efxrf; usm; (5) OD;
    (touf 20-35 ESpf)
    zkef; - 09-73027733
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    oifwef;q&m^ q&mr tjreftvkd
    &Sdonf/
    Business Management, Human Resource Management,
    Marketing Management

    oif M um;ay;Ek d i f ol q &m^q&mr


    tjreftvkd&Sdonf/
    zkef; - 386693
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    oifwef;q&m^ q&mrtjreftvkd&Sd
    onf/
    English (4 Skills) (odkYr[kwf) Business English oifMum;ay;Ekdifol
    q&m^ q&mrtjreftvkd&Sdonf/
    zkef; - 386693
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    MANS Security Angency wGif wm
    0efxrf;aqmif&ef

    odYk BuKd wifciG jhf yKcsuaf wmif;cHNy;D


    rSom xkwfa0cGihf&cJhonf/ odkY
    aomf ,ckESpf Mo*kwfv 20&uf
    rSp pmaypdppfa&;okdY BudK
    wifp&mrvdkawmhbJ yHkESdyfNyD;rS
    wif & onf h xk w f w if p epf o d k Y
    ajymif;vJcJhonf/
    aeYpOfowif;pmxkwfa0
    cGihf&&eftwGufvnf; jynfwGif;
    *sme,fckepfapmifu orwxH
    pmwifxm;NyD; owif;axmuf
    tvkyaf e&mrsm;udk 7Day News
    *sme,f? Weekly Eleven *sm
    e,f? jrefrmwkdif;(rf) *sme,f?
    Messenger *sme,f ponfh*sm
    e,fwu
    dk rf sm;u ac:aejcif;jzpf
    onf/
    ]]tckavmavmq,f a&
    yef ; pm;aew,f v d k Y ajymvd k Y &
    w,f/ tvkyrf &Sad o;&if owif;
    axmuftvkyo
    f mG ;vky/f tJ'gqkd

    rSm;oGm;vdrrfh ,f/ uk,


    d u
    f trSwf
    rJah &;vdu
    k w
    f mrSm;oGm;&if aemuf
    ykdif; jyemtrsm;BuD;&SdoGm;
    r,f/ 'Dtvkyfudk av;av;euf
    euf o abmayguf N yD ; om; vl
    awGom0ifoifhw,f}}[k jrefrm
    wkdif;(rf)*sme,frS pmwnf;rSL;
    (tcsyyf )kd OD;rsK;d vGiu
    f ajymMum;
    onf/
    &efuek rf 'D ,
    D m*kZrf S Ou|
    OD ; ud k u d k u vnf ; ]]owif ;
    axmufudk tvkyfwpfcktaeeJY
    avQmufMuwmrsm;w,f/ vkyf
    NyD ; umrS yif y ef ; NyD ; xG u f a jy;
    oGm;wm&Sdw,f/ wcsKdUusawmh
    wu,fyJvky&f if;eJYpdwyf gNy;D vkyf
    oGm;wm&Sdw,f}} [k qkdonf/
    ]]vlaumif;awG t&if&SmrS
    usefwmvkyfvdkY&r,f/ EkdYrkdYqkd&if
    vlaumif;r&bJ Daily xkwf&if
    tusKd;&SdrSmr[kwfbl;/ &vmwJh

    0 ef x rf ; t vdk &Sd o nf

    Free Classified
    Admin Staff r (2) OD;

    ,lxm;aom *sme,fwkdufrsm;
    taejzihf wkdufwGif;avhusihfrI
    rsm;ud k tcsd e f , l u m *sme,f
    wdkuftwGif; avhusihfoifMum;
    ay;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; od&
    onf/
    Weekly Eleven *sme,frS
    t,f'DwmcsKyf OD;a0NzdK;u ]]HR
    uawmh *sme,fvpfeJYywfouf
    vk d Y *sme,f v pf a usmif ; xG u f
    tywfpOf 3? 4 u wpfckckaygh/
    'gyJ&Sdao;w,f/ olrsm;EkdifiHvdk
    wuodkvfu oifMum;ay;wm
    trsm;BuD;rSr&Sdao;wm/ tJ'geJY
    ywfoufNyD; uRefawmfwkdYuyJ
    oifay;&wmaygh}}[k qkdonf/
    owif ; rD ' D , mrsm;tae
    jzihf 2000 jynfhESpfaemufykdif;rS
    p owif;*sme,frsm; xkwaf 0
    cJhaomfvnf; yHkESdyfrItm;vHk; pm
    aypdppfa&;ESihf rSwfyHkwifXme

    1/ Security Guard usm;(20) OD;


    (touf 18 rS 50 ESpftwGif;? tajc
    cHynmtv,fwef;tqifh? e,frS 0ef
    xrf;rsm; aep&mpDpOfay;rnf)
    trS w f (73)? 4 vT m ? 166 vrf ; wd k ?
    wmarGNrdKUe,f/ zkef; - 0973064298
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    yJGkHpma&;r (3) OD;tvkd&Sdonf/
    (bJG&? oHk;ESpfvkyfEdkif&rnf? dk;om;BudK;
    pm; ESpf&SnfvkyfEdkifol)
    zkef;- 0973234132
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Zawgyi House Cafes
    1/ Waiter usm; (5) OD;
    2/ Cook usm; (2) OD;

    trSwf (372)? AdkvfcsKyfvrf;? yef;bJ


    wef;NrdKUe,f (FMI Centerab;)
    zkef; - 380398? 095089441
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Sales & Marketing Executive
    (1) M/F (Age between 25 to
    30 years)
    Office Staff (1) M
    (Age between 20 to 25 years)
    no later than 5:00 pm, 15 october 2012.
    Bld (4), Room.004, Aung Chan
    Thar Housing, East Shwe Gone
    Daing Road, Bahan Township.
    Ph & Fax. (+951)-8603600,
    554100 (Ext: 254)

    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    tJuGef;? a&cJaowm? t0wfavQmf
    puf u Rrf ; usif p G m jyKjyif E d k i f o l r sm;
    avQmufxm;Edkifonf/
    trSwf (178)? A[dkvrf;? 1 &yfuGuf?
    urm&GwfNrdKUe,f/
    zkef; - 09-5095916
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Receptionst r (1) OD;
    Admin Assistant (vufaxmufpDrH

    0efxrf;) r (3) OD;


    zkef; - 01-657830? 657831
    31? atmufwkdbm 2012 aemufqHk;
    xm;avQmufxm;&ef? wevFmrS pae
    aeY (eH e uf 9 em&D r S nae 5 em&D
    twGif;)
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Power Support Services Co.,Ltd

    *syefpum;toift
    h wifah jymqdEk idk Nf yD;
    *syefpmpDpmdkufEdkifol (trsKd;orD;)
    wpfO;D tvk&d o
    dS nf/ (rwwfyguvnf;
    oifjyay;ygrnf) Hk;csdef (8;00 em&DrS
    15;00 em&Dtxd)
    zkef; - 380602? 09-5176654
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Media & Advertising vkyfief;t
    wGuf
    Marketing r (3) OD;
    Gaphic Designer usm; (2) OD;
    Office Staff usm; (2) OD;
    zkef; - 01-202825? 09-49214619
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Myanmar Integrated Cargo
    Services Co.,Ltd
    Operation (1) M
    -Experience in running document at Government Office.
    Customer Ser vice Exective
    (1) M/F
    -Experience in C/S for freight
    forwarding company.
    Security (1) M/F

    trSwf (87?at) jruefomvrf;ESifh


    Nidrf;csrf;a&;vrf;axmifh? (10) rkdif?
    tif;pdefNrdKUe,f/ zkef; - 656360
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Myanmar Teacher (5) Female
    English Teacher (5) Female
    Maths Teacher (5) Female
    Computer Operator (Full Time
    or Part Time) (3) Female
    Receptionists (3) Female

    rdwLuRrf;usif (full time or part


    time) (3) Female
    No (5), Mahar Myint Moh St,
    U Chit Maung Lansone, Bahan.
    Ph:01-400769, 09420098274
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    aq;a&mif;zdkY0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf/
    bJGU&p&mrvkdyg/ ta0;oifrjzpf&yg/
    &nfrGef? ,Ofaus;pGmajymqdka&mif;
    0,fwwfoljzpf&rnf/ eHeuf (9 em&DrS
    10 em&D) 0ef;usiEf iS hf n (7 em&D) aemuf
    ydkif; qufoG,fyg/
    zkef; - 01-538020
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    City Mart Holding Co.,Ltd wGif
    (1) ta&mif;0efxrf; (30) OD;
    (2) aiGudkif (30) OD;
    Human Resources Department
    City Mart Holding Company Ltd.

    trS w f (1-11)? y'k r m uG i f ; ta&S U


    bufjcrf;? Am;u&mvrf;? prf;acsmif;
    NrdKUe,f/
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    ud k ; wef ; ? 10 wef ; ausmif ; om;^
    ausmif ; ol r sm;tm; tk y f c sKyf & ef t
    aqmifrSL;q&mwpfOD;ESifh taqmifrSL;
    q&mrwpfOD; tvkd&Sdygonf/
    trSwf (31)? wef;jrifhausmif;vrf;?
    awmifolukef;&yfuGuf? tif;pdefNrdKU
    e,f/
    zkef; - 09-5061368
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    UCS- United Courier Services
    Co.,Ltd
    Accountant Female (1) Post
    bJGU&jzpf&rnf/ LCCI Level III ? uGef

    ysLwmpm&if;udik f tawGUtBuHKtenf;
    qH;k (2) ESp?f ukrP
    pD m&if;tm; ud,
    k w
    f ikd f
    OD;aqmifvkyfudkifEdkifoljzpf&rnf/
    No-75, Oak Pone Seik Road,
    Thadargalay Junction, Mayangone

    awGudkvnf; aocsmcefYcGJ
    zkdY ta&;BuD;w,f}} [k jrefrm
    wkdif;(rf) *sme,frS OD;rsKd;vGifu
    ajymonf/
    vuf&Sd *sme,fwkdufrsm;
    taejzifh t,f'Dwm? owif;
    axmufta&twGuf wpfwkduf
    vQif OD;a& 30 rS 60 cef&Y NdS y;D tcsKUd
    wk d u f r sm;wG i f vl 100 cef Y & S d
    aMumif; od&onf/
    xdt
    kY jyif tywfpOf*sme,f
    rS aeYpOfowif;pmodkY xkwfa0
    ygu t"dutcuftcJrsm;t
    aejzihf tcsdefrDjzefYa0Ekdif&ef?
    a&muf&SdEkdif&efESihf vHkavmuf
    aomowif;axmuf?t,f'w
    D m
    &Sd&efwkdYtygt0if pufypnf;
    ud&d,mrsm;? &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIqkdif
    &maiGaMu; ponfh&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI
    rsm; yg0ifaMumif; owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    HR

    tcrJhaMumfjimu@
    zkef; - 01-652522? 0973073099
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf

    zkef; - 09421003998
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf

    PTZ Co.,Ltd
    Marketing Executive r(1)OD;
    (Software rsm;jzefcY s&d ef? tawGUtBuKH

    Hello Myanmar Travels & Tours


    Co.,Ltd
    Tour Operator (1) Post

    ESpfESpftxuf)
    trSwf (147)? taemf&xmvrf;? Adkvf
    waxmifNrdKUe,f? &efukef/
    zkef; - 01-299960
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    Sales & Marketing usm;^r (5) OD;
    (10wef;atmif (odkY) bJGU&jzpf&rnf?
    touf 25 ES p f a tmuf & S d N yD ; td r f
    axmifr&Sdoljzpf&rnf)

    (vkyfief;tawGUtBuHK tenf;qHk;wpf
    ESpf&Sd&rnf)
    jruefomvrf;? trSwf (7)? 2 &yf uGu?f
    urm&GwfNrdKUe,f? &efukef/
    zkef;- 09420052376
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    tdrfum;,mOfarmif; usm; (2) OD;
    (touf 35-50 ESpfMum;? vpmusyf
    160000d usy0f ef;usi?f r*Fvmawmif
    TefYNrdKUe,fwGif tvkyfqif;&rnf)
    zkef;- 523496 (kH;csdeftwGif;)
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    TLCC uGefysLwmwmpifwm
    vufurf;aMumfjima0^aMumfjimuyf
    &ef r (1) OD;
    (tcsdefydkif;vkyfEdkifol^ &efukefNrdKUESifh
    teD;wGifaexdkifol)
    76^80? Anm;'vvrf ; ? (od r f j zL
    um;armif;uGif;a&SU-rqvmpufrSwf
    wkdifteD;) zkef; - 09-5196067
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    ,mOfarmif;wpfOD;tvkd&Sdonf/ t
    ouf 35 rS 45 ESpf? ynmt&nft csif;
    10 wef;atmif? tawGUtBuHK ig;ESpf?
    ,mOfpnf;urf;Oya'rsm;vkduf emNyD;
    ,mOfarmif;uRrf;usif&rnf)
    zkef; - 09-73041155
    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf

    No.8, Parami Rd,Bet; Insein &


    Baho Rd, Near Parami Seing
    Gay Har, 16 ward, Hlaing Township, Yangon. Ph: 01-654646

    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    1. Engineering Person (20) M
    2. Chinese-Myanmar-English
    Translator (5) M/F
    3. Admin Officer (5) F
    4. Vehicle Supervise Staff (2) M
    5. Accountant (3) M
    6. Driver (20) M
    Email - [email protected]
    Ph: 09-73166383

    --------------------------------0efxrf;tvkd&Sdonf
    ILMC

    1/ oif M um;a&;q&m? q&mrrsm;


    (*syef ? ud k & D ; ,m;? wk w f b momp
    um;)
    2/ aps;uGuf&SmazGa&;0efxrf; (2) OD;
    usm;^r (rnfonhfbJGU&rqdk? touf
    22 ESpfrS 30 ESpfMum;)
    (15.10.2012 aemufqx
    kH m; [email protected] odkYavQmuf
    xm;Ekdif)
    trSwf (74^5)? Omvrf;ESifh csifpk
    vrf;axmifh? e0a';O,smOfNrdKU awmf?
    vdIifom,m/

    25th Group Co.,Ltd

    1/ vHkNcHKa&;0efxrf; usm; (30) OD;


    (touf 20 rS 45 ESpftwGif;? ppfrI
    xrf;a[mif;? &JrIxrf;a[mif;OD;pm;
    ay;NyD; toufavQmhayhgpOf;pm;rnf?
    t&ufaopmaomufpm;olrsm; vuf
    cHrnfr[kwf)
    zkef; - 01-526648? 0973213603

    topfzGifhvSpfvdkufonfh tcrJhtvkyfac:aMumfjimu@wGif xnfhoGif;vdkygu 7Day News *sme,fwdkufodkY uGefysLwmpmdkufNyD; (1.5"x 2") xufrBuD;aomt&G,ftpm;jzifhvma&mufay;ydkYEdkifygonf/
    trSefwu,f0efxrf;ac:,lvdkolrsm;om ,cku@udktokH;jyK&ef arwm&yfcHtyfygonf/

    20

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    urmYq&mrsm;aeYu
    jrefrmhq&mrsm;&ifzGifhoH
    aevif;xGef;

    q&m? q&mrwk d Y t m;
    avmuaus;Zl;jyKolrsm;tjzpf
    oabmxm;jcif ; r&S d a wmh b J
    txifao;qufqHjcif;rsm; jyK
    vkyfvmaeMuonfukd 0rf;enf;
    zG , f & m awG U jrif a e&aMumif ;
    wuodkvfq&m? q&mrrsm;u
    ur m h q &mrsm;aeY t wG u f
    o0PfvTm xnfhoGif;a&;om;
    ay;ykdYcJhMuonf/
    &efukefwuodkvf? &efukef
    ta&SUykdif;wuokdvf? '*kHwu
    okv
    d ?f &efuek t
    f aemufyidk ;f wu
    odkvf? rEav;wuodkvf? rE
    av;ta0;oifwuodkvf? rE
    av;Ekid if jH cm;bmomwuov
    kd f
    ESihf &wemykw
    H uov
    kd w
    f &Ydk dS wu
    odkvfq&m? q&mrrsm;toif;
    wkdYu atmufwkdbmv 5 &uf
    wGif usa&mufaom urmhq&m
    rsm;aeYtxdrf;trSwftaejzifh
    pk a ygif ; o0Pf v T m ay;yk d Y c J h M u
    jcif;jzpfonf/
    q&m? q&mrrsm;\ vlrI
    b0edrfhusrIrsm;\ tusKd;quf
    tjzpf trsKd;om;ausmif;q&m
    rsm; &Sm;yg;vmjcif;? q&mtvkyf
    uk d *k P f , l w ef z k d ; xm;zG , f & m
    toufarG;0rf;ausmif; tvkyf
    tukdifwpfcktaejzifh a&G;cs,f
    vkyfukdifvkdolrsm; enf;yg;vm
    jcif ; ? trS e f w u,f t&nf t

    csif; jynfh0aomq&m? q&mrrsm;ukd vufvGwfqkH;IH;ae& jcif;?


    ynma&;ukd b0wkd;wufa&;twGuf[k oabmrxm;awmhbJ
    a&mif;uke?f 0,fuek u
    f o
    hJ Ydk oabmxm;vmjcif; ponfjzihf o0Pf
    vTmwGif a&;om;azmfjyxm;onf/
    ,ckESpf urmhq&mrsm;aeY aqmifyk'fonf ]q&mrsm;b0
    zGHUNzdK;zkdY 0kdif;0ef;&yfwnfay;MupkdY}(Take a stand for teachers)
    jzpfNyD; vlwkdif; oif,lrIt&nftaoG;jrifhrm;a&;twGuf q&m
    rsm;\ toufarG;0rf;ausmif; tajctae ,kwfavsmhusqif;
    vmjcif; oHo&mukd &yfwefyY pf&rnfjzpfaMumif; ukvor*tzGUJ
    tBuD;tuJwkdYuvnf; pkaygif;o0PfvTmxkwfjyefxm;onf/
    jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ynma&;pepfukd jyKjyifajymif;vJ&ef pDpOf
    vsuf&Sd&m wuodkvf? aumvdyfESifh tajccHynmausmif;rsm;&Sd
    q&m? q&mrrsm;ESifh ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;twGuf aysmf
    &Tizf ,
    G af umif;aom? vGwv
    f yfpmG oifMum;rI? oif,rl rI sm; jyKvyk f
    Ekid af om ynma&;0ef;usiaf umif;rsm; jzpfvmatmif zefw;D ay;
    &rnfjzpfNyD; q&m?q&mrsm;\ vlrIb0tajctaersm; zGHUNzdK;wkd;
    wufa&;ukd tav;teuf xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfjzpfaMumif;
    wuov
    kd f q&m? q&mrrsm;toif;\ o0PfvmT wGif azmfjyxm;
    onf/
    pm(30)okdY

    xkdif;-jrefrme,fpyf wuodkvf0ifwef;ausmif;om;rsm;
    jrefrmtpdk;&pmppfXmewGif ajzqkdcGifhjyK
    jrwfpkrGef
    &efukef?
    atmufwkdbm - 5
    xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyf&dS a&TUajymif;
    vk y f o m;rsm;\ om;orD ; rsm;
    tm; wuodkvf0ifwef;pmar;yGJ
    udk jrefrmEkdifiHtpkd;&pmppfXme
    wGif ,ckESpfrSpwif ajzqkdcGihf
    jyKvkdufNyDjzpfaMumif; u&ifjynf
    e,ftpk;d &tzGUJ rS wm0ef&ydS *k Kd vf
    wpfOD;uajymonf/
    ]]e,fpyfu ynma&;azmif
    a';&Sif;wpfcku vSrf;csdwfvdkY
    'DEpS u
    f pNy;D yxrqH;k taeeJY cGifh
    jyKoGm;rSmyg/ t&ifwkef;u 'Dvdk
    vkyfray;zl;bl;/ olwdkYu jr0wD
    pmppfXmeu 0ifajzMurSmyg}}[k
    u&ifjynfe,f vlrIa&;0efBuD;
    OD;cspfvdIifu 7Day News odkY
    ajymonf/

    xkdif;-jrefrme,fpyf&Sd a&TU
    ajymif;vkyfom;rsm;\ ausmif;
    aet&G , f uav;i,f r sm;
    ynma&;ES i f h y wf o uf vk y f
    aqmifay;aeonfhjrefrm ajymif;
    a&TUvkyfom;rsm; ynma&;aumf
    rwD u u&if j ynf e ,f t pk d ; &
    tzGJUESihf csdwfqufaqmif&Guf
    onfh tpDtpOfjzpfaMumif; od&
    onf/
    ,ckEpS f wuov
    kd 0f ifwef;
    pmar;yGJudk xkdif;-jrefrme,fpyf
    &Sd ausmif;ol? ausmif;om; 72
    OD;0ifa&mufajzqkdrnfjzpfNyD;?
    vmrnfEh pS rf pS wifum jynfwiG ;f
    jyefvnfoifMum;vdkaom
    uav;i,frsm;udk ndE iId ;f vufcH
    ay;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; t
    xufygyk*dKvfuajymonf/
    ]]olwu
    Ydk kd'DrmS ausmif; wuf

    cGiafh y;oGm;r,f/ [du


    k av;wef;
    atmifvmwJh uav;udk 'DrmS ig;
    wef;wef;Ny;D wufvYkd &atmifnd
    EdIif;ay;r,f/ t&nftcsif;jyef
    ppfwmawG rvkyfawmhbl;/ jyef
    ppfae&if [dkrSm oifcJh&wmawG
    udk t,HktMunf r&SdvdkYvm;vdkY
    txifvEJG idk w
    f ,f}} [k txufyg
    yk*dKvfuajymonf/
    xkdif;-jrefrme,fpyf&Sd 'ku
    onf w pf o d e f ; ES p f a omif ; cef Y
    jynfwGif;odkY jyefvnf0if&zG,f
    &SdaMumif; xkdif;trsKd;om; vHk
    NcKH a&; aumifpu
    D ,ckv wwd,
    ywf w G i f xk w f j yef a MunmcJ h
    onf/ ,if;xkwfjyefcsufwGif
    jrefrmbuf ajrjrKyfrkdif;&Sif;
    vif;a&;vkyfief;rsm;ESihfae&m
    xkdifcif;rsm; pDpOfay;aeNyDjzpf
    aMumif;vnf; azmfjyyg&Sdonf/

    jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&mq&mrsm;uGef&ufzGJUpnf;
    aevif;xGef;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 5
    yk*vduusL&Sifq&m? q&mrrsm;ESifh wuodkvfq&m? q&mrrsm;yg0ifonfh jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;
    qkdif&m q&mrsm;uGef&ufukd urmhq&mrsm;aeYwGif pwifcsdwfqufzGJUpnf;vkdufaMumif;
    owif;&&Sdonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m yk*vduq&mrsm;toif;csKyfESifh wuodkvfq&m? q&mrsm;t
    oif;rS q&m? q&mrrsm;? ynma&;uRrf;usifolrsm;ESifh ynma&;vkyfief;vkyfukdifaeolrsm;
    onf jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&mq&mrsm;uGef&uf jzpfajrmufa&;tcrf;tem;okdY wufa&mufaqG;
    aEG;cJhMuonf/
    ]]'Dxuf ykdjynfhpkHwJh wpfjynfvkH;u q&m? q&mrawGyg0ifwJh awGUqkHyGJukd aemifwpf
    csdefjzpfvmzkdY arQmfvifhygw,f/ jrefrmEkdifiHrSm&SdwJh wuodkvfq&m? q&mrawG? rlvwef;?
    tv,fwef;? txufwef;q&m? q&mrawG? toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynmoifausmif;u
    q&m? q&mrawG? yk*v
    u
    d ynma&;ausmif;u q&m? q&mrawG? bke;f awmfBuD;oifynma&;
    ausmif;u q&m? q&mrawG? tJhvkd tm;vkH;yg0ifwJh ynma&;uGef&ufBuD;ay:aygufvmzkdY
    &nf&G,fcsufeJY 'DaeYtcrf;tem;ukd usif;yjcif;jzpfygw,f}}[k jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m q&mrsm;
    uGef&ufjzpfajrmufa&;aqmif&Gufaeaom a'gufwmbkdiftkduajymonf/
    jrefrmEkid if v
    H ;Hk qkid &f m q&mrsm;uGe&f uf zGUJ pnf;ay:aygufvmygu urmq
    h &mrsm; uGe&f uf?
    urmhynma&;uGef&ufrsm;ESifh csdwfqufoGm;rnfjzpfNyD; jynfwGif; ynma&; vkyfief;rsm;
    us,fjyefYpGmaqmif&Gufjcif;jzifh edrfhusaeaom EkdifiHhynma&; jyKjyifajymif;vJrIukd taxmuf
    tuljzpfap&ef &nf&G,fxm;aMumif; od&onf/

    22

    Education
    ynma&;owif;wkdrsm;

    NAdwdefESifh MopaMw;vs ynma&;jyyGJusif;yrnf


    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 5
    NAdwdefESifh MopaMw;vsEdkifiHwkdY&Sd wuodkvfrsm;taMumif; &Sif;
    vif;aqG;aEG;rnfh ynma&;jyyGu
    J dk atmufwb
    dk mv 24 &uf? rGe;f vGJ
    1 em&DrS nae5 em&DcGJxd csufx&D,rf[kdw,fwGif usi;f yjyKvyk f
    I yk if ef;rSo&d onf/
    rnfjzpfaMumif; Mentor ynma&;0efaqmifrv
    ,if;jyyGJwGif NAdwdoQaumifpD(jrefrm)\ ,laupmar;yGJrsm;ESifh
    KMD oifwef;ausmif;\ Eki
    d if w
    H um todtrSwjf yK oifwef;rsm;
    taMumif; pkHprf;ar;jref;pm&if;ay;oGif;EkdifaMumif;od&onf/

    e,l;ZDvef? MopaMw;vs ynma&;a[majymyGJ


    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 6
    e,l;ZDvef? NAdwdefESifh MopaMw;vsEkdifiHrsm;okdY oGm;a&mufynm
    oif,lvkdaom ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf ynma&;a[majymyGJukd
    atmufwb
    dk mv27&uf?eHeuf10em&DrSaeYv,f2em&Dxdqef;rpf
    yghcfAsL;[kdw,fwGif usif;yjyKvkyfoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; Crown
    ynma&; 0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rSod&onf/

    rEav;NrdKUwGif odyH PfpGrf;&nfNydKifyGJusif;yrnf


    &efukef? pufwifbm - 27
    touf 15 ESpfrS 17 ESpft&G,fausmif;om;rsm; yg0if,SOfNydKif
    Ekdifrnfh odyHpGrf;&nfNydKifyGJukd atmufwkdbm 27 &ufwGif rEav;
    NrdKU&Sd [kdw,frEav; usif;yjyKvkyfrnfjzpfonf/ rav;&Sm;
    ynma&;tzGJUtpnf;rSjyKvkyfaom toif;vkdufNydKifyGJtwGuf
    rnfolrqkd 0ifa&muf ,SOfNydKifEkdifrnfjzpfNyD; BudKwifpm&if;ay;
    oGif;&rnfjzpfaMumif; *sefukdynma&;0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rSod&
    onf/

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    wuodkvfrsm;wGif oifMum;a&; r[mXmersm; zGJYpnf;oGm;rnf


    aevif;xGef;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 5
    ynma&;0ef B uD ; Xme vuf
    atmuf&Sd wuodkvfrsm;wGif
    oifMum;a&;r[mXmersm; zGJU
    pnf; 0efBuD;XmetoD;oD;&Sd
    vuf&dS wuov
    kd rf sm;\ trnf?
    zGJUpnf;ykHESifh zGJUpnf;ykHyg &mxl;
    rsm;ukd EkdifiHwumwuodkvf
    rsm;ESifhtnD jyKjyifaqmif&Guf
    oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    oif M um;a&;r[mXme
    rsm;taejzifh Faculty of Arts?
    Faculty of Science? Faculty of
    Law? Faculty of Economics?

    ESihf
    Faculty of Languages wkdYudk
    vkt
    d yfovkd zGUJ pnf;oGm;rnfjzpf
    NyD; ,if;XmerSL;rsm;ukd wu
    odkvfpDrHcefYcGJa&;tzGJUu yg
    armu(XmerSL;)rsm;xJrS tvSnhf
    uswm0efay;tyf&ef pDpOfxm;
    aMumif; tqifhjrifhynmu@?
    ynma&;u@pD r H u d e f ; wG i f
    azmfjyxm;onf/
    tqkyd gXmerSL;rsm;\ ouf
    wrf;ukd ynmoifESpf 2 ESpfowf
    rSwf&efESifh oifMum;a&;r[m
    Xmersm;taejzifh oD;jcm;k;H tzGUJ
    zG J U pnf ; cG i f h E S i f h if ; wk d Y \ oif
    Mum;a&;? okawoejyKa&;?
    Faculty of Education

    t&nftaoG;wkd;wufjrifhrm;
    a&;tpDtrHrsm;ESifh oifMum;
    a&;tpDtpOfopfrsm; ndEIdif;
    aqmif&GufcGifh &&SdMurnfjzpf
    onf/
    ]]wDcs,fwkdYacwfu r[m
    Xmeqkdwm bmom&yfawG tpk
    vkduf jzpfaewmaygh/ 0dZm? odyH
    taMumif; aqG;aEG;r,fqkd&if
    ykdNyD; uspfuspfvspfvspf jzpfoGm;
    r,f/ ndEIdif;&wm oufomoGm;
    r,f/ bmom&yfwpfckeJYwpfck
    rwlwmawG&SdwJhtwGuf wpfck
    csif;pD tajz&SmwJhae&mrSm jref
    jref q ef q ef jzpf o G m ;rS m aygh /
    oifMum;a&;r[mXmeawG jzpf

    vmwmu ykdtqifajyr,fvkdY
    xif y gw,f } }[k tNid r f ; pm;yg
    armua':vSjrifhuajymonf/

    ynma&; 0ef B uD ; Xme
    atmuf&Sd wuodkvfrsm;wGif
    oif M um;a&;r[mXmersm;
    zGUJ pnf;a&;vkyif ef;ukd Ekid if w
    H um
    wuodkvfrsm;? tzGJUtpnf;rsm;
    ESifh yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf&ef nd
    EIdif;taumiftxnfazmfoGm;
    rnfjzpfNyD; jynfaxmifpkvTwf
    awmfrS jy|mef;rnfh wuodkvf
    ynma&;Oya'ESifhtnD aqmif
    &Guo
    f mG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; txuf
    ygynma&;u@pDrHudef;rSod&
    onf/

    tajccHESifhtqifhjrifhynma&;Xmersm;wGif uRrf;usifolrsm; pDrHcefYcGJoifh[k ynma&;okawoDajymMum;


    aevif;xGef;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 5
    jrefrmEkid if \
    H ynma&;jyefvnf
    zGUH NzKd ;wk;d wufvmap&ef tajccH
    ESifh tqifhjrifhynma&;Xmersm;
    wG i f ynma&;uRrf ; usif e m;
    vnfolrsm;ukd pDrHcefYcGJrIqkdif&m
    wm0efrsm; xrf;aqmifap&rnf
    jzpfaMumif; ynma&;okawoD
    a'guf w mod e f ; vG i f u ajym
    onf/

    ynma&;OD;pD;Xmersm;wGif
    pDrHcefYcGJrIwm0eftwGuf ynm
    a&;aemufcHrSwfwrf;aumif;
    &Sdxm;olrsm;xuf ppfbufqkdif
    &mrS ajymif ; a&T U wm0ef x rf ;
    aqmif a eol rsm;jym;aejcif ;
    onf ,aeYacwf tajctae
    ESifh ukdufnDrIr&SdawmhaMumif;
    if;u urmhq&mrsm;aeYtcrf;
    tem;wGif ajymMum;cJhjcif;jzpf
    onf/

    ]]tckxd TefMum;a&;rSL;
    csKyaf wGu ppfAv
    dk (f a[mif;)awG
    jzpf a ewk e f ; yJ / ynma&;OD ; pD ;
    Xme? TefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfawGu
    ppfAv
    dk (f a[mif;)awG jzpfaewke;f
    yJ/ 'g rjzpfoifhbl;/ ynma&;udk
    ynma&;em;vnfwJholawGu
    pDrHcefYcGJwmjzpfoifhw,f/ tJh'g
    aMumif h uRef a wmf w k d Y E k d i f i H r S m
    ynma&;jyKjyifajymif;vJzkdY vkd
    tyfw,f}}[k txufygyk*Kdvf

    uajymonf/
    wuodkvf? aumvdyfESifh
    tajccHynmausmif;rsm;\ pDrH
    cefcY t
    JG yk cf sKyrf yI pHk o
    H nf tpk;d &ESihf
    0efBuD;Xme\ csKyfukdifrIwpfck
    wnf;atmufwiG f &Srd aeoifb
    h J
    q&m? rdbESifh oufqkdifolrsm;
    yg0ifaom ausmif;tkycf sKyaf &;
    aumfrwD\ pDrt
    H yk cf sKyrf I atmuf
    wGif aqmif&u
    G &f rnf jzpfaMumif;
    xkdif;-jrefrme,fpyfwGif ynm
    a&;rl0g'pmwrf;rsm;? rdcifbm
    ompum; oifMum;a&;qkdif&m
    rl0g'pmwrf;rsm; jyKpka&;om;
    cJhaom ynma&;okawoDuqkd
    onf/
    ]]tajccH y nmrS m vnf ;
    tpk;d &csKyu
    f idk rf aI tmufu vGwf
    NyD;awmh tajccHausmif;awGrSm
    q&mawGvnf;ygr,f? a'ocH
    rdbawGvnf; ygr,f? wm0ef&Sd
    wJholawGvnf; ygr,f/ ausmif;
    tkyfcsKyfa&;aumfrwD&JU pDrHcefY
    cGJrIu pmar;yGJppfaq;a&;?
    q&mcef Y x m;a&;? ausmif ;
    ajymif;a&; pwmawGuv
    dk yk zf v
    Ydk dk
    w,f/ tJ'h t
    D wGuf uReaf wmfwYdk
    EkdifiH&JUynma&;u tpkd;&&JU? 0ef
    BuD;Xme&JU csKyfukdifrIu vGwf
    NyD;awmh vGwfvyfpGm jy|mef;
    cGifh&SdwJh ausmif;awG? wuodkvf
    awG jzpfzkdYvkdw,f/ thJ'gqkd&if
    q&mawG u k d , f w k d i f ol w k d Y & J U
    t&nftcsif;awGudk xkwfjyEkdif
    pGrf;&Sd&r,f/ 'DaeYacwfu q&m
    awG olwt
    Ydk &nftcsi;f ukd xkwf
    jyEk d i f p G r f ; r&S d b l ; jzpf a ew,f } }
    [k a'gufwmodef;vGifuajym
    onf/
    tpkd;&opfvufxufwGif
    tajccHESifh tqifhjrifhynm
    u@twGuf jyKjyifajymif;vJrI
    tpDtpOfrsm; aqmif&Gufvsuf
    &Sdaomfvnf; wuodkvf? aum
    vdyfESifh tajccHynmausmif;
    rsm;\ ukd,fykdifpDrHtkyfcsKyfcGifh
    twG u f vk d t yf c suf & S d q J j zpf
    onf/

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    qufoG,fa&;qkdif&mOya'rsm;
    vTwfawmfwGif aqG;aEG;awmhrnf

    w&m;0if r[kwfao;aom
    iPad Mini ykHpHrsm;
    ay:xGufvm
    qefz&efppudk? atmufwdkbm-6
    xGufrnf[k Mum&SnfpGm aumvm
    [vrsm;&SdcJhNyD;aemuf iPad Mini rsm; pwif
    xkwfvkyfaeNyD[laom a0gvfpx&d*sme,fyg
    owif;rsm;ESiht
    f wl *&yfzpf'ZD ikd ef m rmwifa[;
    *suf\ 0ufbfqkdufwGif iPad Mini ykHpHrsm; ay:
    xGufvmonf/
    rpwma[;*sufrSm ,ckESpfapmapmykdif;
    iPhone 5 rxGuf&SdrD if;\0ufbfqkdufwGif
    iPhone 5 ykp
    H rH sm;wifjycJ
    h trsm;\ tmkpH u
    kd rf I
    &&SdcJholjzpfonf/
    tufyJvfukrPDu jyoonfh ykHpHtwkdif;
    wifjyxm;&mwGif iPad Mini \ atmufajcwGif
    BudK;xdk;qufoG,fonfh ae&myg&Sdovdk pyDum
    rsm;udkvnf; ykHpHajymif;xm;onfudk jrifawGU&
    onf/
    tqkdyg owif;rsm; xGufay:aepOfrSmyif
    tufyJvfukrPD\ t"du&if;ESD;jrKyfESHolwpf
    OD;qdkolu iPad Mini tm; rdwfquf&ef owif;
    orm;rsm;tm; atmufwdkbmv 10 &ufwGif
    iPad Mini

    zdwMf um;oGm;rnf[k ajymMum;cJ&h m rD',


    D mESihf rdwq
    f ufyrGJ mS atmufwb
    kd m 17 &ufcefY
    wGif jzpfEkdifonf[k ajymMum;vmMuonf/
    tufyJvfukrPDuvnf; iPad mini rsm;udk vmrnfhtm;vyf&uf &moDrwkdifrD
    okH;pGJolrsm;vufxJta&muf ydkYay;csifonfhoabm&Sdonf/
    Ref:eweek

    w,fvDzkef;atmfya&wm wif'gac:,lrIwGif wkwfukrPD


    cdkifcsKd
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-6
    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyfief;\
    w,fvzD ek ;f atmfya&wm wif'g
    ac:,lrIwGif jynfyukrPDjzpf
    onf h wk w f E k d i f i H tajcpk d u f
    Huawei ukrPD yg0ifavQmuf
    xm;EkdifzG,f&Sdonf[k jrefrmh
    qufoG,fa&;OD;pD;XmerS od&
    onf/
    ]] Huawei u atmfya&
    wmtaeeJY avQmufzdkYr&Sdbl;vkdY
    rxif b l ; / Huawei u tck
    uRefawmfwdkYeYJ yl;aygif;aqmif
    &GufaewJh ukrPDyg/ 2013 rSm

    usi;f yr,fh qD;*dr;f NyKd iyf rGJ mS vnf;


    Huawei eJY yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf
    oGm;rSmyg}}[k jrefrmhqufoG,f
    a&;OD;pD;XmerS vufaxmufeT f
    Mum;a&;rSL; OD;ausmOf ;D u qko
    d nf/
    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyf

    Huawei avQmufxm;zG,f&Sd

    ief;tm; qufoG,fa&;aumfydk
    a&;&Sif;tjzpf ajymif;vJzJGUpnf;
    Ny;D qufo,
    G af &;aumfyakd &;&Si;f
    rS jref r mw,f v D u G e f ; uk r P D
    tm; zJGUpnf;rnfjzpfaMumif; od
    &onf/

    jrefrmw,fvu
    D eG ;f ukrP
    D
    ESihf &wemykw
    H ,fvyD Ykd ukrP
    w
    D Ykd
    tjyif jynfytajcpdkuf tjcm;
    ukrP
    ED pS cf k pkpak ygif; ukrP
    aD v;
    ck qufoG,fa&;qkdif&m,SONf yKd if
    rI r sm;&S d a Mumif ; jref r mh q uf
    oG,af &;vkyif ef;rS od&onf/
    Huawei ukrPDtaejzifh
    jynfyrS atmfya&wmukrPD
    wpfckjzpfvmEkdifNyD; vkdtyfae
    aom atmfya&wmukrP
    ED pS cf k
    tm; wif ' gac:,l r nf j zpf
    aMumif; jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;
    vkyfief;rS od&onf/
    pm(24)odkY

    rdkufudkaqmhzf\ Windows Phone 8 udk


    atmufwkdbm 29 wGif rdwfqufrnf
    &ufrGef;? atmufwdkbm - 6
    rdu
    k u
    f dak qmhzu
    f rk P
    o
    D nf vuf&dS Windows Phone 7 tm; tqifh
    jri x
    hf m;aom Windows phone 8 rdb
    k idk ;f zke;f pepfopfukd atmuf
    wdkbm 29 &ufwGif pwifrdwfqufrnfjzpfonf/
    Windows 8 pepftm; prwfzkef;rsm;? oifykef;uGefysLwmrsm;?
    Ekwb
    f w
    G cf rf sm;? vufyaf wmhrsm;ESihf pm;yJw
    G ifueG yf sLwmrsm;tm;
    vHk;wGif yHkpHwljrifawGU&ap&ef rkdufudkaqmhzfu aygif;pnf;
    xm;onf/ xkt
    dY wGuf toH;k jyKorl sm;taejzifh rnfonhef nf;
    ynmypn;f udk toH;k jyKonfjzpfap toH;k jyKyckH pH m;csuf wlnD
    aernfjzpfonf/
    f nf; NyKd ib
    f ufrsm;&Sad e
    Windows Phone 8 pepftwGuv
    NyD;jzpfonf/
    pm(24)odkY

    ckdifcsKd
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 4
    qufoG,fa&;qkdif&mOya'rsm;
    tm; jynf o l Y v T w f a wmf w G i f
    zwfMum;aqG;aEG;awmhrnfjzpf
    aMumif; qufoG,fa&;? pmwkduf
    ESihfaMu;eef;0efBuD;Xme jynf
    axmifpk0efBuD; OD;odef;xGef;u
    ajymMum;onf/
    ]]qufoG,fa&;qkdif&mOy
    a'awG jynfaxmifpka&SUaecsKyf
    Hk;uae oHk;oyftBuHjyKcsuf&
    &Sdxm;NyD/ EkdifiHawmforwHk;&JU
    Oya'tBuHjyKtzGJUqkdif&maumf
    rwD&JU oHk;oyftBuHjyKcsufeJY
    tnD vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;awGt
    wkdif; aqmif&Gufxm;NyD; jynfolY
    vTwfawmfrSm zwfMum;aqG;aEG;
    EkdifawmhrSmyg}}[k jynfaxmifpk
    0efBuD; OD;odef;xGef;uajymMum;
    onf/
    ]]quf o G , f a &;Oya'&S d
    wmaumif;ygw,f/'gayrJhOya'
    rl M urf ; ud k Industr y awG u d k
    t&ifjyoifw
    h ,f/ wcsKUd udpa wG

    u Oya'r&Sb
    d J vkyv
    f rYkd &bl;}} [k
    rEav;wkid ;f uGeyf sLwmvkyif ef;
    &Siftoif; Ou|OD;&Jjrwfolu
    oHk;oyfajymMum;onf/
    jynf a xmif p k 0 ef B uD ; u
    qufvuf ,if;Oya'rsm;rSm
    qufo,
    G af &;u@jyKjyifajymif;
    vJrIrsm;twGuf t"duusaom
    Oya'ykdif;qkdif&m taxmuft
    ulrsm; &&SdvmrnfjzpfaMumif;?
    a'owGif;ESifh EkdifiHwumrS pD;
    yGm;a&;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrItcGihft
    vrf;rsm;vnf; aqmif&GufEkdif
    awmh r nf j zpf a Mumif ; jynf
    axmifpk0efBuD;u atmufwkd
    bm 2 &ufwGif a&Teef;awmf[dk
    w,f? yk*HNrdKU usif;yonfh tm
    qD,HqufoG,fa&;ESihfowif;
    tcsuftvufenf;ynm qkdif
    &mt&m&SdBuD;rsm;ESihf qufoG,f
    a&; Oya'jyKolrsm;aumifpD\
    acgif;aqmifrsm;tvGwo
    f abm
    tpnf;ta0;wGif ajymMum;cJh
    onf/
    pm(24)odkY

    24

    Tech
    aus;vufae jynfolrsm;twGuf t&pfuszkef; 'DZifbmvukeftxd a&mif;ay;rnf
    tdjzLvGif? odrfhodrfhpdk;
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-6
    jynfe,fESifhwkdif;a'oBuD; t
    oD;oD;&Sd aus;vufae jynfol
    rsm;twGuf GSM(2.75G) t
    rsKd;tpm; rdkbkdif;zkef;rsm;udk ,ck
    vqef;rSpwifum 'DZifbmv
    ukex
    f d t&pfuspepfjzifh a&mif;cs
    ay;aeNyjD zpfaMumif; jrefrmhquf
    oG,fa&;vkyfief;rS owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    aus;&GmtkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;rS
    tmrcH a y;onf h aus;&G m ae
    olrsm; oufqidk &f me,f&dS jrefrmh

    qufoG,fa&;vkyfief; refae
    *smrSwpfqifh rdkbkdif;zkef;0,f,l
    EkdifrnfjzpfaMumif;vnf; od&
    onf/
    t&pfuspepfjzifh ay;oGif;
    &mwGif yxrqkH;t&pfudk usyf
    av;aomif;ay;oGif;NyD;aemuf
    vpOfusyfwpfaomif;EIef; ay;
    oGif;&rnf jzpfonf/
    t&pfus ay;oGif;&mwGif
    yxrqk H ; t&pf a y;oG i f ; NyD ;
    aemuf zkef;uwfudk xkwf,l
    pwifokH;pJGEkdifrnfjzpfum ay;
    oGif;aepOftwGif; jrefrmhquf

    oG , f a &;vk y f i ef ; rS owf r S w f
    xm;onfh w,fvDzkef; ueOD;
    wyfqifc aiGudkajymif;vJavQmh
    cs owfrSwfygu xkdEIef;xm;
    topfudkyg cHpm;cGifh&Sdonf[k
    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyfief;rS
    wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u twnfjyK
    ajymMum;onf/
    xdkodkYr[kwfbJ ajymif;vJ
    avQmhcsonfh aiGxuf ydkrdkay;
    oGif;xm;NyD; aiGjzpfvQifrl ay;
    oGif;NyD; aiGudk jyefvnfxkwf
    ay;rnf r[kwfay/
    aus;vufa'oaeolrsm;

    udk t&pfuspepfjzifh rdkbkdif;zkef;


    rsm; a&mif;csay;&mwGif a&mif;
    cs&aiG\ 2 &mcdkifEIef;udk aus;
    vufa'ozHGUNzdK;a&;twGuf NrdKU
    e,f tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;rsm;odkY cJGa0
    ay;rnf[kvnf; jrefrmhquf
    oG,fa&;vkyfief;rS owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    t&pf u say;oG i f ; &rnf h
    wyfqifc ay;oGif;rIudk taus
    NyD;qkH;jcif; r&SdbJ tqkdyg w,f
    vDzkef;rsm;udk wpfqifhvJTajymif;
    jcif;? aygifESHjcif;? a&mif;csjcif;
    cGifhrjyKxm;aMumif; od&onf/

    ,ckvuf&Sd aqmif&Gufae
    aom qufoG,fa&;0efaqmif
    rIay;Ekid o
    f nfh rdb
    k idk ;f w,fvzD ek ;f
    a&'D,pkd cef;rsm;rSm wpfEidk if v
    H ;Hk
    twkdif;twmjzifh pcef; 700
    cefY&SdNyD; pcef;wnf&Sd&m a'o\

    ajrjyefYrS 7 rkdifESifh 8 rkdifywf


    0ef ; usif & S d aus;&G m rsm;onf
    qufoG,fa&;uGef&ufwGif yg
    0ifEkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; od&
    onf/

    pm(23) - rdkufudkaqmhzf\ Windows Phone 8 udk


    atmufwkdbm 29 wGif rdwfqufrnf rS

    tufyv
    J u
    f rk P
    u
    D rMumao;rD
    uyif ios 5 pepfwGif txl;vkyf
    aqmifrIrsm; 200 ausmf xnfh
    oGif; iOS 6 udk azmfxkwfcJh
    onf/ *l;*JvfukrPDuvnf;
    Jelly Bean [k ac:qd k a om
    Android 4.1 pepfudk jzefYcsd
    xm;NyDjzpfonf/ Andriod 4.2

    pepfyif xGufay:awmhrnf[k
    tifwmeufwGif aumvm[v
    rsm; xGufay:aeonf/
    xdkYtjyif Windows pepf
    \tm;enf;csurf mS if;ESiv
    hf u
    dk f
    zufaom App rsm;aps;uGuft
    wGif; &&SdrIenf;yg;aejcif; jzpf
    onf/ Ref: The droidguy

    pm(23) - w,fvDzkef;atmfya&wm wif'gac:,lrIwGif


    wkwfukrPD Huawei avQmufxm;zG,f&Sd rS
    odkYaomf Huawei ukrPD
    \ jrefrmEkdifiHtajcpkdufkH;cJGrS
    jyifyqufoG,fa&;Xme\ wm

    0ef&o
    dS w
    l pfO;D jzpfonfh Mr.Yang
    Cheng u if;wkt
    dY aejzifh enf;
    ynmydkif;qkdif&mudkom t"du
    &if;ES;D jrK yEf o
    HS mG ;rnfjzpfNy;D quf
    oG,fa&;aumfydka&;&Sif; vuf
    atmufrS w,fvzD ek ;f atmfya&
    wmtaejzifh vkyfudkif&ef r&Sd
    aMumif; 7Day News odkYajym
    onf/
    Huawei ukrPDrSm jrefrmh
    qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;\ tBuH
    ay;wif'gac:,l&mwGif yg0if
    ,SOfNydKifaom ukrPDrsm;xJrS
    wpfck tygt0ifjzpfaMumif;
    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;vkyfief;rS
    od&onf/

    pm(23) - qufoG,fa&;qkdif&m
    Oya'rsm; vTwfawmfwGif
    aqG;aEG;awmhrnf rS
    jrefrmEkdifiH\ qufoG,f
    a&;u@tm; yk*vduu@yg
    0if&efBudK;yrf;aqmif&Gufvsuf
    &SdaMumif;? rMumrD qufoG,f
    a&;0efaqmifraI y;olrsm;rS ,SOf
    NydKifrIrsm; aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpf
    aMumif;? w,fvDzkef;atmfya&
    wmwif ' gac:,l a &;twG u f
    Ekid f iHwumtBuHay;ukrP
    rD sm;
    zd w f a c: aqmif & G u f v suf & S d
    aMumif; tqkdygtpnf;ta0;rS
    od&onf/
    qufoG,fa&;u@\ jyK
    jyifajymif;vJrIrsm;ywfouf
    qufoG,fa&;qkdif&mOya'rsm;
    rSmvnf; ta&;ygaMumif; jynf
    axmifpk0efBuD;uqkdonf/

    25

    Article

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    jrefrmjynfodkY ajcvSrf;usJusJjzifh 0ifa&mufvmaom *syef


    du
    k w
    f mowif;XmerS tefwekd pD avmh'af umfpuD; a&;om;
    ausmfrsKd;bmomjyefonf
    *syefpD;yGm;a&;um; jrefrmEkdifiHodkY vsifjrefpGm0ifcJhacsNyD/ xkdodkY tjref
    0ifvmrIrmS Ny;D cJo
    h nfh atmufwdkbm nwpfnu pcJhonf/ xdkpOfu
    jrefrmorwopfonf npmpm;yGJNyD;aemuf ajryHkwpfcsyfudk jzefYcif;
    csjyum *syef\ MoZmBuD;aom aphpyfndEIdif;a&;orm;BuD;wpfOD;udk
    wdkusdKtwGuf rumtkad vmufe;D eD;Bu;D rm;onfah jrae&mBuD;wpfckudk
    zGHUNzdK;a&;vkyfay;&ef csxm;ay;vdkufcsdefjzpfonf/
    OD;odef;pdef (67 ESpf)onf ,cif AdkvfcsKyfBuD;a[mif;wpfOD;jzpfcJh
    NyD;jrefrmt&yfom;tpdk;&\ orwjzpfvmcJhonfrSm ajcmufvcefY
    om&Sad o;csed jf zpfonf/ if;onf jrefrmh'rD u
    dk a&pDjy,k*f a':atmif
    qef;pkMunfEiS fh nDw
    G af &;jyefvnf&&Sjd cif;? &ufpufonfh ppftyk cf sKyf
    rIatmufESpfig;q,fMumjrifhcJhNyDjzpfonfh jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;udk jyefzGifh
    ay;jcif;wkdYtwGuf owd&Sd&Sd csD;usL;cH&rIrsm;&cJhonf/ ,ckawmh ol
    onftm&S\ 'kw,
    d ajrmuf tqif;&Jq;kH wkid ;f jynfudk zGUH NzKd ;a&;vky&f ef
    &if;ESD;jrKyfESHolrsm; &SmazGaeygNyD/

    NrdKUawmf aejynfawmf&Sd
    orwtdrfawmfwGif wkwfp
    wkdif npmpm;yGJBuD; wnfcif;NyD;
    aemuf orwOD;odef;pdefonf
    jrefrmudk pdwf0ifpm;rIjyif;jyae
    onfh *syefEidk if aH &;orm;BuD; [D
    'D,0kd gwmemab;(78ESp)f bufoYkd
    vSnv
    fh u
    dk o
    f nf/ ,if;rSm orw
    opfu pmcsKyfwpf&yfvkyf&ef
    urf;vSr;f jcif;yifjzpfonf/ jrefrm
    \ tBuD;qHk;NrdKUawmfESihf tdEd,
    o rk'&may:ar;wif&Sdaeaom
    qdyfurf;wpfckteD; oDv0g&Sd
    txl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkew
    f pfcu
    k kd *syef
    u aiGaMu;xnfh0if zGHUNzdK;a&;
    vkyf&efjzpfonf/

    ]]wpfckck xl;jcm;atmif
    uRefawmf vkyfEkdifrSmygvkdY ajym
    cJhygw,f}}[k ,cif *syeftpdk;&
    tzGJU0efBuD;a[mif;vnf;jzpfNyD;
    *syef0efBuD;csKyfa[mif; tmql
    [Ddkemumqkdae\ xdyfwef;
    tBuHay;jzpfcJhol rpwm0gwm
    emab;u jzpf&yfukd jyefajymif;
    ajymjyonf/
    0gwmemab;onf ajym
    oavmuf v nf ; aumif ; cJhyg
    onf/ (jrefrmtpd;k &opfwufNy;D )
    wpfESpfrjynfhcif umvtwGif;
    vsifjrefpGm jyKvkyfEkdifcJhaom pm
    csKyfwpf&yfu *syeftwGuf t
    enf;qHk; a':vm 18 bDvD,H
    cefu
    Y kd tpd;k &ESifh yk*v
    u
    d &if;jrpf
    rsm;xH r S & ,l N yD ; a<u;NrD a vQmf
    ypf a &;? &if ; ES D ; jr K yf E S H a &;ES i h f
    axmufyHha&;u@rsm;wGif jref
    rmtwGufoHk;&ef vrf;aMumif;
    azmfay;cJhygonf/
    a&Ttkda&mifayGUzufrI
    xkdpmcsKyftjyif dkufwm
    owif ; u avh v mxm;&S d o
    avmufqdkvQif *syefonf jref
    rmawmifyikd ;f &Sd xm;0,fa&euf
    qdyfurf;ESihf aemufxyf txl;
    pD;yGm;a&;Zkew
    f pfck wnfaqmuf
    a&;twG u f acs;aiG o pf a':
    vm 3 'or 2 bDvD,Hudkvnf;

    xkwaf cs;rnf[k od&onf/ xm;


    0,fpDrHudef;rSm ta&SUawmif
    tm&S\ tBuD;qHk;aom pufrI
    ZkefBuD;jzpfvmygrnf/
    oabmwl pmcsKyfrsm;
    rSm jrefrmhaps;uGuftzGihf n
    wGif;csif;yif *syeftm; t"du
    Zmwf a qmif w pf O D ; jzpf a pcJ h
    onf / oD v 0gud p a<u;NrD
    avsmfay;jcif;ESihf b@ma&;jyef
    vnfaxmufyahH y;rIrmS a':vm
    ig;bDv,
    D eH ;D yg;&So
    d nf/ onf
    rSm tar&duefjynfaxmifpku
    2011 ESihf 2012 wGif a':vm
    76 oef; axmufyHhcJhrIESihf tD;
    ,lu 2ESpfwm pDrHcsufjzifh a':
    vmoef; 200 ay;cJhrIwkdYxuf
    tqrsm;pGmydkygonf/
    *syeftpdk;&ESihf pD;yGm;a&;
    acgif;aqmifrsm;onf jrefrm
    ESijfh yefvnfxad wGUrIukd owd&&dS dS
    vkyf&mrS a&Ta&miftayGUtzuf
    jzpfay:vmcsed x
    f d wpfEpS w
    f mt
    wGif; taetxm;udk jyeffvnf
    qufpyfrd&ef dkufwmowif;
    onf ESpfzufpvHk;rS EkdifiHa&;o
    rm;rsm;? vkyfief;&SiftBuD;tuJ
    rsm;? t&m&Sdrsm; pojzihf vl 50
    ausmfudk ar;jref;cJh&onf/ if;
    wdkYu jrefrmESihf csdwfqufrI
    aumif ; pG m &S d a om *syef E k d i f i H
    a&;ESihf pD;yGm;a&;orm;tkyfpk
    av;wpfpku wkdusdK\ jALdku
    a&pD,E&m;ESihf axmufyHha&;
    at*sipf rD sm;udk jrefqefonfq
    h ;kH
    jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfEkdifatmif
    rnfodkYwGef;tm;ay;cJhaMumif;
    ajymygonf/ onfrSm jrefrmh
    &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI Oya'Murf;rsm;ukd
    ygvDref aqG;aEG;aeqJ tcsdef
    rSmyifjzpfygonf/
    vuf&SdwGif ta&;BuD;ae
    onfrSm tm&S\ aemufqHk;usef
    &S d a eaom a&S U wef ; aps;uG u f
    (jrefrm) MoZmvTrf;rdk;rI jzpf
    onf/ jrefrmhacgif;aqmifrsm;
    onf EkdifiHwGif; wkwf\ Mo
    ZmvTrf;rdk;rI BuD;rm;jcif;udk csdef

    EdkifiHawmforwOD;odef;pdefESifh *syef0efBuD;csKyf ,dk&SD[DudkEdk'g

    nd&ef r[mrdwfrsm; &SmaepOf


    twGif;rSmyif *syefwkdYu zrf;
    qkyfrdjcif;jzpfonf/ jrefrmodkY
    *syef\ tjrefjyef0ifvmrIonf
    tar&duefESihf Oa&myor*wkdY
    udk ckefausmfoGm;cJhonf/ if;
    wdkYrSmrl (jrefrmtay:) 1990
    ESpfrsm;u csrSwfxm;aom &if;
    ES;D jrK yEf rHS I wif;usyx
    f m;jcif;rsm;
    ESifh ukeo
    f ,
    G af &;jyefvyk &f efupd
    wd k Y yg owd x m;aeMuonf /
    xkdY aMumifh ajcvSrf;BuD;BuD;vSrf;
    vdu
    k jf cif;&v'frmS ukeo
    f ,
    G af &;
    H;k rsm;? bPfrsm;? uefxdu
    k w
    f m
    rsm;ESifh pufru
    I rk P
    rD sm;twGuf
    jzpfvmawmhrnfjzpfonf/
    ]]uRefawmfwdkY uHaumif;
    ygw,f/ bmvdkYvJqkdawmh t
    ar&duef[m pD;yGm;a&;ydwfqdkYrI
    awG vkyx
    f m;cJyh gw,f/ 'Dtcsuf
    aMumihf taemufwdkif; b@m
    a&;ukrP
    aD wG jrefrmrSm tckxd
    r&Sad o;wmaygh}}[k 'dik 0f gokaw
    oetifpwDusL'ftwGuf jrefrm
    Ekid if w
    H iG f vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&u
    G f
    ay;aeonfh &SDa*wkd tDemrDu
    ajymonf/ ,if;tzGUJ onf jrefrm
    \ pawmh t d w f c sd e f ; ud k wnf
    axmifay;aeNy;D 2015 wGif vkyf
    ief;rsm; vnfywfEkdif&ef pDpOf
    xm;onf/ odkYaomf tar&duef
    ESifhOa&myoHwrefrsm;url *syef
    wkYxk
    d o
    d Yatmif
    kd
    jrifcrhJ u
    I dtaemuf
    k
    wkdif;EkdifiHpHk vkyfief;rsm;twGuf
    tm;enf;csufjzpfaprnf[k r
    jrifaMumif; ajymMuonf/ 0g&Sif
    wefonf wku
    d sKd tygt0ifr[m
    rdwfrsm;udk jrefrmjynfwGif;0if
    pD;yGm;a&; tm;aumif;atmif
    vkyf&ef? ppfwyfausmaxmuf
    aemufcH jyKxm;onfh tpdk;&rS
    jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;orm;rsm;
    tm;aumif; atmifvyk &f ef wku
    d f
    k m
    wGe;f aecJyh gonf/ GE ESifh udu
    udkvmtygt0if vufwpfqkyf
    pm tar&duef ukrPDBuD;rSm
    vnf; jrefrmEkdifiHodkY jyefvnf
    0ifa&mufaeMuygNyD/ oDv0g

    wGifawmh GE ESihf Siemens uJh


    odkYaom taemufwkdif;vQyfppf
    "mwftm;xkwfvkyf a&;ukrPD
    rsm;? Bechtel ES i h f Balfour
    Beatty uJhodYkaom aqmufvkyf
    a&;ukrPDrsm;rSm *syefwkdYxHrS
    uefxkdufrsm; &&SdEkdifaMumif;
    pD;yGm;a&; qef;ppfolwdkYu qkd
    onf/ ]]uRefawmfwkdY NydKifbuf
    awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u tJ'Dhaps;
    uGufxJrSm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm &Sd
    aecJhMuwm/ 'gaMumifh 'DyGJxJ
    0ifwm uRefawmfwkdY aemufus
    aeNy;D om;yg}}[k tar&duefuek f
    onfBuD;rsm;toif;\ ta&SU
    awmiftm&Sqkdif&m tBuD;wef;
    'gu
    kd w
    f m*Re*f ,
    dk muajymonf/
    odkYaomf if;uyif ]]jrefrmbuf
    uawmh tar&duefukrPDawG
    'DrmS &Sad eapcsiw
    f q
    hJ EeYJ pdw0f if
    pm;rIuawmh xifxif&Sm;&Sm;
    ygyJ}}[kajymonf/
    jrefrmh{nfhcef;aqmif
    *syef\ tvsiftjref0if
    vmrIonf tE&m,frsm;vnf;
    o,faqmifvmygonf/ tar
    &duefu trnfrnf;pm&if;oGi;f
    xm;aom olaX;rsm;ESihf wGJvkyf
    &rnfh *syefukrPDrsm;twGuf
    emrnf*kPfowif;xdckdufrnfh
    tvm;tvm&Sad eygonf/ oDv
    0gpDru
    H ed ;f ajrywfvnfrS ykid q
    f idk f
    rIqidk &f mudpr sm; rajz&Si;f &ao;
    cifrSmyif *syefwkdYonf xdkae&m
    txl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkef tus,f
    2400 [ufwm (5930 {u)
    udk zGHUNzdK;a&;vkyf&ef vkyfuGuf
    &&Scd o
    hJ nf/ ,cktxdawmh oDv
    0gonf Avm[if;vif;jzpfae
    aomaMumih f rS w f r S w f & & t
    aumif;qHk;ae&mwpfck jzpfae
    onf / pyg;cif ; rsm;u puf H k
    rsm;twGuf vsmxm;onfh ajr
    ae&mrsm;udkzHk;vTrf;aeonf/
    vkyfom;rsm;u ajrap;rsm;udk
    jcif;rsm;ESihf o,f,al epOf x&yf
    um;rsm;u yGa,mif;a,mif;ajr

    om;xJodkY ausmufp&pfcJrsm;
    oGecf saeonf/ jrefrmtpk;d &0ef
    BuD;Xmersm;ESifh EkdifiHjcm; &if;
    ESD;jrKyfESHolrsm;udk csdwfqufay;
    aeaom ,ciftpkd;& t&m&Sd
    a[mif;wpfOD;jzpfol OD;jrihfOD;u
    ]]uRefawmfwkdY&JU t,fvf'dk&m'dk
    ae&mopfuBudKqydk gw,f}}[kjr
    pdr;f a&mifv,fuiG ;f wpfavQmuf
    um;jzwfarmif;vmpOf {nfo
    h nf
    wpfOD;udkEIwfqufonf/
    *syefp;D yGm;a&;acgif;aqmif
    rsm;u pGepYf m;&rnft
    h E&m,frsm;
    onf B uD ; rm;aMumif ; ,H k M unf
    Muygonf/ Marubeni aumfydk
    a&;&Sif;rS ya&m*sufrefae*sm
    &mql[Ddkrkd&Drkdwkdu ]]uRefawmf
    om jyemawGukd csa&;&r,f
    qk&d if aMumif;a& 50? 60 avmuf
    awmh a&;Ekdifwmaygh}}[k ajym
    onf / od k Y a omf jzpf v mEk d i f
    onft
    h jrwftpGe;f rsm;rSm tqH;k
    tHI;rsm;xuf ydkrsm;aeygonf/
    odkYaomf wkdusKdonf if;
    \tusvufarmif;udk yifhwif
    vsuf&Sdygonf/ *syefESihf jrefrm
    \ qufET,frIrsm;onf 'kwd,
    urmppftwGif; &ufpufonfh
    *syefusL;ausmfrI&SdcJhaomfjim;
    yHrk eS rf [kwb
    f J aEG;axG;cJyh gonf/
    jrefrmEkid if o
    H nf 'kw,
    d urmppf
    NyD ; aemuf *syef u d k ppf a vsmf
    aMu;awmif;cJhaom yxrqHk;
    ta&S U awmif t m&S E k d i f i H j zpf c J h
    onf/ (a':atmifqef;pkMunf
    \zcif ) vG w f v yf a &;acgif ;
    aqmif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESihf
    ,cif tmPm&Sifa[mif; OD;ae
    0if;wko
    Yd nf NAw
    d o
    d Qtyk pf ;dk rIqefY
    usiaf &; ]&Jabmfo;kH usyd }f vIy&f mS ;
    rIwiG f yg0iforl sm;jzpfonf/ if;
    wku
    Yd kd *syefppfwyft&m&Srd sm;u
    avh u sif h y nmoif M um;ay;cJ h
    onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHonf twdwf
    wkef;uvnf; wkdusKdtay:wGif
    pl;&Sonfh a0zefwdkufckdufrIrsm;
    a&SmifMuOfcNhJ yD; xko
    d Ykd wku
    d cf u
    kd rf I
    rsm;rSm wkwfESihf udk&D;,m;wGif

    yHkrSefjzpfaeusjzpf&m jrefrmEkdif
    iHudk a&S;kd;pGJ uGefqmaA;wpf
    *syefEidk if aH &;orm;rsm;u wG,f
    wmcJhMuonf/ *syefEkdifiHonf
    taemufwkdif;uJhodkYr[kwfbJ
    jrefrmEkid if t
    H ay:vnf; b@m
    a&;ESiu
    fh ek o
    f ,
    G af &; ydwq
    f rYdk rI sm;
    wpfcgrS rcsrSwfcJhzl;ay/ &v'f
    tjzpf *syefpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;
    rsm;onf jrefrm xl;xl;jcm;
    jcm;yif wnf&SdaecJhNyD;jzpfonf/
    *syefEkdifiH\ t"dubPfBuD;
    rsm;jzpfaom Mitsubishi UFJ?
    Sumitomo Mitsui Financial?
    Mizuho Financial Group wdkY
    rSm ukefoG,fa&;tcsuftjcm
    us&m &ef u k e f w G i f uk r P D c G J
    rsm; &Sdxm;Muonf/ ckdifrmaom
    *syef-jrefrmqufqHa&;rsm;udk
    azmfaqmif&ef tcsdefa&mufNyD
    [k xdyfwef;bPfvkyfief; trI
    aqmifwpfOD;udkufwmodkYajym
    ygonf/
    wkdusKd\ t"duvl
    jrefrmEkdifiHESihfywfouf
    wku
    d sK\
    d vltjzpf 0gwmemab;
    ay:xGuv
    f mrIonfEidk if aH &;e,f
    y,fwpfavQmuf MoZmBuD;rm;
    onfhrdwfaqGrsm;udk ysKd;axmif
    EkdifpGrf;&Sdonfh if;\oufwrf;
    wGif 'kwd,ajrmuf tcef;u@
    tm; ukd,fpm;jyKygonf/ 'kwd,
    ur m ppf N yD ; cgpwG i f 0gwmem
    ab;rSm 11 ESpfom;t&G,fom
    &SdcJhonf/ if;\ tpfudkBuD;rSm
    tkduDem0gwkdufyGJwGif taocH
    wdkufyGJ0ifcJhonf/ aemufqHk;
    aom ]umrdumaZ} (taocH)
    avol&Jrsm;xJrS wpfOD;tygt
    0ifjzpfonf/ trSwfw&rSm
    trsm;a&S U rd e f Y c G e f ; rsm; ol
    rMumcP ajymaeusjzpfonf/
    0gwmemab;onf uGefqmaA;
    wpfEkdifiHa&;orm;wpfOD;tjzpf
    avQmufvSrf;cJhNyD; 1990 jynfh
    ES p f r sm;wG i f *syef p mwk d u f E S i h f
    aMu;eef;qufoG,fa&;Xme0ef
    BuD;jzpfcJhonf/ if;\ jrefrmEkdif
    iHESifh yxrqHk; ywfoufrIrSm
    1987 wGifjzpfonf/ xkdtcsdef
    u if;onf wkdusKd ppfAdkvf
    csKyBf uD;rsm;tm; *syef0efBuD;csKyf
    emumqkad e\ tpk;d &tzGUJ vuf
    axmuftwGi;f a&;rSL;tjzpf BudK
    qk{d nfch cH &hJ onf/ jrefrmAdv
    k cf sKyf
    rsm;u ausmif ; om;qE j yol
    rsm;udk NzKd ciG ;f Ny;D a':atmifqef;
    pkMunftm; aetdrt
    f us,cf sKyf
    aemuf 2 ESpftMumwGif csrSwf
    vdu
    k o
    f nfw
    h idk af tmifyif emum
    qdkaeonf 0gwmemab;tm;
    jrefrmESihf *syef\ w&m;r0if
    qufqHrIrsm;udk zGHUNzdK;atmif?
    ckdifNrJatmifvkyf&ef wkdufwGef;
    cJhonf/
    pm(27) odkY

    26

    Article

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    tmufwkdbmv 4 &uf? n 11 em&Dxkd;NyD;oGm;NyD/ uRefawmfh


    tdrrf S om;orD;awG rtdyEf idk Mf uao;/ &efuek t
    f jynfjynfqidk f
    &mavqdyfrS vSrf;ydkYay;aeaom "mwfyHkawGudk olwdkY0ufbfqkduf
    ay:wifaeMuonf/ olww
    Ykd ifvu
    kd o
    f nfh "mwfyakH wGukd apmihaf rQmf
    MunfhIaeMuolawGuvnf; renf;vS[kxif\/
    tar&dum;c&D;pOfrS jyefa&mufvmonfh trsK;d om;'Drdk ua&pD
    tzGJUcsKyfOu|? jynfolYvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f a':atmifqef;pk
    Munfudk BudKqkdMuonfhjynfolrsm;\ "mwfyHkrsm;u tGefvkdif;rS
    wpfqifh a[mwpfyakH [mwpfyakH &mufvmae onf/ BuKd MuolawGu
    av,mOfrqkdufrD tapmBuD;uwnf;uyif av,mOfuGif;odkY BudK
    wifa&muf&adS eMuyH&k \/ avqdyx
    f rJ mS jynfu
    h syaf eonf/ oGm;BudK
    olwpfO;D xH zke;f qufar;Munfah wmh ]]Oa&myc&D;pOfwek ;f u vmBuKd
    MuolawGxuf ESpq
    f ? oH;k qavmufyw
    kd ,f/ ajccsp&mae&mawmif
    cyf&mS ;&Sm;}} [k qko
    d nf/ r*Fvmtaygif;ESijfh ynfph akH omc&D;rS tjyef
    ayyJaysmfp&mBuD;aygh[k awG;rdonf/

    csKdvdrfBuD;eJY udkcdkeD

    tvm;wl tar&duefjynf
    axmifpk e,l;a,mufNrdKUwGif
    usif;yonfh (67)Budrfajrmuf
    urmhukvor*taxGaxGnD
    vmcHBuD;wGif rdefYcGef;ajymMum;
    NyD ; atmuf w k d b m 1 &uf a eY
    eHeufu &efukefNrdKUodkY jyefvnf
    a&muf & S d v monf h Ek d i f i H a wmf
    orwBuD;OD;odef;pdefudk kyf&Sif
    tEk y nme,f y ,f r S xif a y:
    ausmfMum;onfh rif;om;? rif;
    orD;awGtygt0if jynfolawG

    ESifh okdufokduf0ef;0ef; aomif;


    aomif;jzjz&SdrS aumif;r,f/ ig
    vnf; rsufESmaumif;&r,f}} qkd
    onfh tNydKiftqkdif tem;ysm
    tawG; vufwpfqpfrQom&Sd
    aom cked w
    D pfO;D OD;\ OD;rSe;f rod
    yJrh eS ;f rod t&dyo
    f ;kH yg;em;rvnf
    aom apwema&pD ; urf ; Nyd K
    izm;udpjzpfzkdYu aocsmonf/
    ]ckdeD}qkdonfh pum;vHk;udk
    yk*dKvfwpfOD;uawmh ]rdwfaqG
    taygif;toif;}[k t"dym,f

    wGifawmh &omajcmufyg;ESihf
    jynfhpHkpGm Nrdef,SufzG,faumif;
    vSonfh ewfo'k m pm;Nred cf u
    G x
    f J
    odYkrpifpufrek n
    f if;aphcefYpOfvm
    vdu
    k o
    f uJo
    h Ykd cHpm;vku
    d &f onf/
    atmufwkdbmv 4 &uf
    aeYxkwf twGJ-11? trSwf(30)
    7Day News *sme,fxJwGif yg
    onfh ]]ukeo
    f nf^pufrn
    I aD emif
    toif;rsm;rS orwBuD;OD;odef;
    pdefudkBudKqkd&eftwGuf toif;
    wpfoif;vQif vl 50 awmif;cHcJh

    oif;&D

    ]]

    xkdpum;rSefvQif..
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf jynfolESihftwl pkdufcJh
    onfhtyifu aiG&wkwkdifawmhrnf/tESpftom;
    tyGihftcufa0vSNyD/
    jynfolESihftwl orwBuD; pkdufcJhonfhtyifu
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfenf;wl rsKd;aumif;rsKd;oefY
    rSefayjim; wpfESpfcGJom;rQom &Sdao;onf/
    u aomif ; aomif ; jzjzBud K Mu
    onfudk *sme,fawGrSm wcrf;
    wem;jrif&wke;f uvnf; *kPjf yK
    xkdufoludk *kPfjyKjcif;onf r*F
    vmwpfyg;ygayyJ[k vdu
    I o
    f nf;
    aomrk'w
    d myDwjd zpfrcd &hJ ygao;
    onf/

    ok d Y a omf xk d o d k Y vmBud K
    onfhjynfolawGxJwGif pufrI
    ZkefpufHkrS orwBuD;udkyifrod
    aom rodE;dk em; tvkyo
    f rav;
    awGukd bkrodbrodqaJG c:vm
    wmawGvnf; ygonf[k vlrI
    uGef&uftifwmeufpmrsufESm
    rsm;wGif zwfvdkuf&onfhtcg

    aMumif; vdIifom,mpufrIZkef
    Ou|uajymonf}}[k zwf&jyef
    aomtcgwGifvnf; tb,fodkY
    aom ]tem;ysm} wpfO;D OD;ursm;
    acwfa[mif;rSm pkdYcJhzl;onfhcsKd
    vdrt
    f a[mif;Bu;D udk jzKwrf xm;
    EkdifcJhao;bJ vlawGudk acsmqGJ
    ckdif;jyefwmygvdrfh[k ukPm
    a'gojzpf&onf/
    wu,fawmh xkdodkYaom
    vdrfqifrsdK;udk zefqif;&ef t
    aMumif;r&Sd/ odkYaomf... ]]a':
    atmifqef;pkMunf jyefvmwJh
    tcg Bud K wJ h o l a wG r sm;rS m / 'd k Y
    orwBuD;tjyefrSm vlrsm;rsm;

    ]]

    zGihfqkdonf/ uRefawmfuawmh
    xkdokdYrzGihfcsif ]vuf0g;BuD;tkyf
    ukd,fusKd;&Sm izm;tem;ysm}[k
    om zGihfcsifonf/ xkdokdYaom
    ociftm;& uRef0rf;0qkdonfh
    ukd,fusKd;&Sm tem;ysmawG qdk
    onfu yGifhvif;jrifomrI r&Sd
    aom tmPm&Siw
    f \
    Ykd vufxuf
    rsKd;om rsKd;yGm;&SifoefEkdifonf
    [k x if o nf / jref r mEk d i f i H q d k
    onf u vnf ; tmPm&S i f t
    qufqufwdkY\ vufatmuf
    wGif ESpfaygif;ig;q,fcefY ae
    vmcJh&onf qkdonfhtcg vuf
    0g;BuD;tkyf ukd,fusKd;&Sm izm;

    tem;ysmpdwf"mwfu tjrpfckdif
    aecJ h N yD / onf v d k v l r sKd ; awG u
    ae&mwumrSm&Sdonf/ rqv?
    e0w? etzvufxufrS ,ck
    wkdif tqufqufrSmvnf; &Sdae
    cJ h ? &S d a eqJ j zpf o nf / wnf q J
    EkdifiHa&;ygwD tcsdKUxJrSmvnf;
    &Sdavonf/
    xkdokdYaom rsufESmvkdtm;
    & cd k e D w pf O D ; wavaMumih f
    orwBuD;udk BudKqkdonfhudp
    wG i f oef Y o ef Y a v;jzpf o if h y g
    vsuf ewfok'gxJ rpiftrIeft
    rTm; usvdkufovdk pdwfraumif;
    p&mjzpf&onf/
    wu,fawmh orwBuD;
    OD;ode;f pdeo
    f nf urmu
    h v
    k or*
    taxGaxGnDvmcHBuD;wGif t
    ES p f i g;q,f t wG i f ; yxrqH k ;
    tBudrftjzpf wufa&mufrdefY
    cGef;ajymcGihf&aom EkdifiHhacgif;
    aqmifwpfOD;jzpfonfomru
    jrefrmEkid if \
    H 'Dru
    dk a&pDEidk if o
    H Ykd
    OD;wnfajymif;vJ&m vkyfief;pOf
    rsm;ud k pd w f y gvuf y gBud K ;pm;
    aqmif&u
    G af eolvnf;jzpfojzifh
    rdrw
    d Ykd Ekid if o
    H El idk if o
    H m;rsm;tae
    jzihf ]wm0ef}r[kwfaom &ifckef
    oHygonfh vdu
    I v
    f yJS sLiSm aomif;
    aomif;jzjz BudKqkdjcif;rsKd;jzifh
    BudKqkdtyf BudKqkdxkdufvSonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiH 'Drkdua&pDa&;
    udk tNrJwap apmifhMunfhulnD
    aecJhaom tar&dueftpkd;&u
    wrifzefw;D ava&mhovm;rod/
    orwBu;D OD;ode;f pdeEf iS fh twdu
    k f
    tcH ygwD a cgif ; aqmif a':
    atmifqef;pkMunfwkdY tar&d
    uef j ynf a xmif p k w G i f qH k M u
    onf/ qHkMuyHkuvnf; vuf&Sd
    tmPm& jynf c k d i f N zd K ;ygwD \
    Ou| EkdifiHawmforwESihf t
    wdkuftcH ygwDjzpfaom trsKd;

    om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyf ygwD
    Ou| twkduftcH jynfolYvTwf
    awmfudk,fpm;vS,fwkdY awGUqHk
    MuyHkESihfrwl/ tmPm&ESihf t
    wkduftcH NydKifbufawG qHkyHkrsKd;
    vnf ; r[k w f / aqG r sKd ; &if ; csm
    nDtpfuakd rmif ESrqefvo
    S nf/
    jrefrmhkd;&mtm; upm;wpfckESihf
    yrmjyK&vQif ]jcif;kdifcwfyGJ}wpf
    ckESihfwlonf/
    jcif;kdifcwfonf qkdonf
    u 0kdif;zGJU upm;&aomenf;
    jzpf\/ avxJwGif 0Jaeonfh
    jcif;vHk;udk ajrrus&avatmif
    ol Y w G i f v nf ; wm0ef & S d o nf /
    ukd,fhwGifvnf; wm0ef&Sdonf/
    tay;t,l? taxmuftyifh?
    tq,f t rnD & onf / ok d Y r S
    vnf; 0dkif;uvSonf/
    tar&dum; c&D;pOftwGi;f
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfEiS t
    fh wl
    awmifw
    h if;ckid rf mpGm zGUJ pnf;xm;
    aom tBuHay;tzGJU ygroGm;
    onfhwkdif orwBuD;wGifawmh
    awmifhwif;aomtBuHay;tzGJU
    ESifhtwl orwHk; 0efBuD;ESpf
    OD;ESihf e,fpyfa&;&m0efBuD;ESihf
    vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&;ESihf jynfolY
    tiftm;OD;pD; Xme0efBuD;wdkY yg
    oGm;Muonf/
    okdYwkdif orwBuD;wkdYtzGJU
    ig;OD;ESifh a':atmifqef;pkMunf
    wk\
    Yd tar&dum;c&D;pOftwGi;f
    ae&mtoD;oD; oD;jcm;pDajym
    cJ h M uonf h pum;wk d Y u wl n D
    aomyef;wkid q
    f o
    D Ykd wpfO;D tay:
    wpfOD; ,HkMunfpGm pnf;csufnD
    NydKifwlvSrf;aeaMumif; xifom
    jrifom&Sv
    d o
    S nf/ wlnaD omap
    wem ukd,fpD tajccHxm;o
    jzihv
    f nf;tay;t,l?taxmuf
    tyifh? tq,ftrnDvSaom
    jcif;0kdif;wpfckESihf xyfwl&SdvS

    onf/
    wpfae&mwGif a':atmif
    qef;pkMunfuajymonf/
    ]]wpfcak wmh uRerf ajymcsif
    ygw,f/ uRefrwdkY jrefrmEkdifiHu
    wyfrawmf[m 'Drkdua&pDvrf;
    aMumif;ay:rSm rm;rm;rwfrwf
    jynfolawGeJYtwl avQmufNyD
    qkd&ifawmh aemufaMumif;jyef
    vSnfhzkdY r&SdoavmufjzpfoGm;
    r,fvdkYawmh uRefrwdkY ,HkMunf
    vdkY&ygw,f}}
    tjcm;wpfae&mwGif or
    wBuD;OD;odef;pdefu jrefrmrD'D
    ,morm;ESifh awGUqH&k m ]],aeY
    wyfrawmfonf EkdifiHawmfum
    uG,af &;twGuo
    f mjzpfaMumif;?
    EkdifiHawmf umuG,f&eftwGuf
    tkyfcsKyfa&;ykdif;rSm 0ifa&muf
    pGuzf uf&efr&Sad Mumif;? Ekid if aH &;
    tykid ;f wGiv
    f nf; zGUJ pnf;yHt
    k ajccH
    Oya'udt
    k umtuG,af y;onfh
    oabmom&SdaMumif;? wyfr
    awmf\ t"dutvkyfrSm wkdif;
    jynfudk umuG,f&efom jzpf
    aMumif;...}} ajymMum;oGm;cJh
    onf/ acgif;aqmifESpfOD;wkdY\
    pum;twGif;om;wkdY csdwfquf
    rdwzf ufjyKaerIujrifomonf/
    orwBuD;OD;odef;pdefESihf
    bD b D p D HARDTALK tpD t
    pOf ar;jref;onfholu ]]a':
    atmifqef;pkMunf ajymwmu
    awmh olwkdY[m ajymif;vJaeyg
    NyD/ 'gayrJh ppfrSefwJh'Drkdua&pD
    vYt
    l zGUJ tpnf;qDukd ajymif;vJzYdk
    vkdaeygao;w,fvdkY ajymcJhyg
    w,f}}[kajymonfhtcg orw
    BuD;u ]]rSefygw,f/ uRefawmf
    wkdY[m oufwrf;tm;jzihfvnf;
    wpfEpS cf yJG &J ydS gao;w,f/ ppfreS f
    wJh'Drkdua&pDEkdifiHwpfckjzpfzkdY
    vkyfp&mawG trsm;BuD;vdktyf
    aeygao;w,f } } [k &if x J t
    wkdif; &Sif;&Sif;bGif;bGif;ajymyHku
    rSwfrSwfom;om;jzpfp&mwpfck
    jzpfaejyefonf/
    tvm;wlyif ]]ukvor*
    rSm a':atmifqef;pkMunfudk Ekd
    A,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qk&Sif wpfOD;
    tjzpf orwBuD;u csD;usL;cJhyg
    w,f/ orwBuD;taeeJY olr
    [m wkdif;jynf&JU acgif;aqmif
    aumif ; wpf O D ; jzpf r ,f v k d Y ,H k
    Munfygovm;/ orwBuD;[m
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfeJY wkdif;
    jynfudk OD;aqmif&mrSm olreJY
    wGJNyD; vkyfaqmifr,fvdkY pdwful;
    NyD; jyifqifxm;ygovm;}} [k
    ar;vmonfhtay:wGif orw
    BuD; jyefvnfajzMum;yHu
    k k;d &Si;f
    pm(31)
    odkY
    vSonf/

    27

    Current Affairs

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    pm(25) jrefrmjynfodkY ajcvSrf;usJusJjzifh 0ifa&mufvmaom *syef rS


    NzdKcGif;rIrsm;onf ppftpkd;&tm;
    ty,fcHjzpfapcJo
    h nfw
    h idk af tmif
    yif ppftpk;d &tm;0gwmemab;
    \axmufcHrIonf b,faom
    tcgrS r,drf;,dkifcJhyg/ jrefrm
    EkdifiHodkY &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIwdkif;ukd
    axmufcHtm;ay;&ef if;wnf
    axmifxm;aom *syef-jrefrm t
    oif; 0ufbq
    f u
    dk w
    f iG f ,ckEpS x
    f J
    if;u ]]jrefrm[m jynfwGif;
    Oya'eJYtpDtpOfudk xdef;odrf;
    EkdifzkdY ppftpkd;&wpf&yfuvGJvdkY
    a&G;cs,fp&m bmrSr&SdcJhygbl;}}
    [k a&;om;cJhonf/
    0gwmemab;onf OD;ode;f
    pdefESihf 1996ckESpfu &Srf;jynf
    e,fodkY aq;bufqkdif&mypnf;
    ud&d,mrsm; o,faqmifoGm;
    aomc&D;wGif awGUzl;cJhjcif;jzpf
    onf/ xdkae&mwGif AdkvfcsKyfOD;
    ode;f pdeu
    f wkid ;f rSL;jzpfaecJo
    h nf/
    xdkYaemufawmh if;udk wkdif;rSL;
    Adv
    k cf sKyu
    f a*gzhf u
    dk &f efzw
    d af c:
    cJhonf/ ]]'gav;u uRefawmf
    wk&Yd zl;wJh wpfcw
    k nf;aom aysmf
    p&mav;ygyJ/ olu a*gzhfdkuf
    wm awmfw,f/ Hk;qif;&if ,leD
    azmif;0wfvsufeJYyJ ol(OD;odef;
    pdef) [m xl;jcm;crf;em;aecJhyg
    w,f}} [k du
    k w
    f mESihf tifwmAsL;
    wGif 0gwmemab;uajymonf/
    onfrSm v,form;rdom;pk
    rS zGm;jrifvmNyD; q,fpkESpfav;
    ckeD;yg; ppfrIxrf;oufwrf;
    AsLdkua&pDtvkyftrsm;pkudk
    om vk y f c J h & ol ? 2007 wG i f
    Mum;jzwf0efBuD;csKyftjzpf cefY
    tyfcH&ol OD;odef;pdefudk yHkrSef
    tm;jzih f ok y f a zmf j ycsuf r sKd ;
    r[kwfyg/ pmzwform;wpfOD;
    toGif&Sdaom xkdAdkvfcsKyfBuD;
    onf tpkd;&twGif; ppfwyf\
    ae&mudk tmrcHay;xm;aom
    2010 jynfhESpfwGif zGJUpnf;yHkt
    ajccHOya'opfudk jrif&NyD;aom
    umvaemufyidk ;f 49 ESpw
    f m um
    vtwGif; yxrqHk;aom t&yf
    om;orwjzpfvmygonf/
    oHwrefa&;yGJpm;vkyfjcif;
    0gwmemab;\ yk*Kd vaf &;
    oHcif;wrefcif;rSm wpfcgwpf&H
    wGif *syefEkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;
    Xmeudkyif NydKifqkdifNyD; csefxm;
    &pfEkdifonf/ ,refESpf atmuf
    wkdbm 21 &ufaeYu wkdusKdwGif
    *syefEidk if jH cm;a&;0efBuD; udt
    k cD sD
    kd*rfbmu jrefrmEkdifiHjcm;a&;
    0ef B uD ; ud k npmpm;yG J { nf h c H c J h
    onf/ onfrSm 16 ESpfwmt
    wGif; ESpfEkdifiHpvHk;\ xdyfwef;
    oHwrefrsm;tMum; yxrqHk;

    awG U qH k r I j zpf o nf / *rf b mu


    *syefrS &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrItopfrsm;
    ay;&ef urf;vSrf;cJhNyD; ,if;rSm
    'Drkdua&pDjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;
    rsm;wGif tqufrjywfwkd;wuf
    rIudk jrefrmu jyoay;Ekdif&ef
    jzpfonf/ xkdnyif 0gwmem
    ab;u jrefrmEkdifiH\ NrdKUawmf
    wGif orwOD;odef;pdefESihftwl
    ajryHw
    k pfcsyaf y: epfarsmvsuf
    &Sdonf/
    odaYk omf xk0d g&if*h syefypJG m;
    onf ESpfEkdifiHqufqHa&; jyef
    vnfjzpfxGef;rItwGuf tvGef
    uGJjym;jcm;em;aom tcsufjyrI
    udak y;ydcYk yJh gonf/ orwopfu
    0gwmemab;tm; xkid ;f ESit
    fh wl
    xm;0,fp;D yGm;a&;Zket
    f m; wnf
    aqmufa&;BudK;yrf;rIrSm av;
    yifpGm vIyf&Sm;ae&aMumif;ajym
    onf/ OD;odef;pdefonf xkdpOfu
    vlxk\ uefYuGufrIrsm;jzpfay:
    NyD ; aemuf wk w f u &ef y H k a iG
    rwnfaqmif&u
    G af om (jrpfq)kH
    a&tm;vQypf pfprD u
    H ed ;f udv
    k nf;
    &yfwefYNyD;pjzpfonf/ ]]orw
    uajymcJhygw,f/ uRefawmfhrSm
    cifAsm;twGuf wpfck&Sdw,fqkd
    NyD; olYtwGif;a&;rSL;udk pm&Guf
    pmwrf ; awG e J Y j yef v mzk d Y vT w f
    vdkufygw,f/ 'guyJ uRefawmf
    wdYk oDv0gudpq
    aD &mufomG ;&yHk
    taMumif;ygyJ}}[k 0gwmemab;
    ujyefajymjyonf/
    wk d u sKd & S d jref r moH H k ; ES i h f
    aejynfawmf&Sd orwHk;wkdYrSm
    0gwmemab;ESifh OD;ode;f pdew
    f \
    Ydk
    awGUqHkrItwGuf ,ck pHkprf;ar;
    jref;&efawmif;qdkrIrsm;udk wHkY
    jyefcJhjcif;r&Sdyg/ 2011 atmuf
    wkdbmawGUqHkrINyD;aemuf wkdusKd
    odkY if;jyefa&mufvmaomtcg
    if;onf *syefEkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef
    BuD; *rfbmESihf xdawGUaecJNh yjD zpf
    aMumif; 0gwmemab;uajym
    onf / ]]uRef a wmf *rf b mud k
    ajymcJhygw,f/ oDv0gudpudk
    uRef a wmf w k d Y eD ; uyf p G m apmih f
    Munfah ew,fvaYkd jymzkYd ESprf ukef
    cif jrefrmudk w&m;0iftvnf
    tywfc&D;wpfck cifAsm; oGm;
    oihfw,fvdkY uRefawmfajymcJhyg
    w,f/ ol rvkyfbl;qkd&if tJ'Dh
    udp[
    m w&m;0iftpd;k &bufu
    tpysKd;vkyfaqmifrIjzpfvmrSm
    r[k w f b l ; av/ [k w f w ,f r
    [kwfvm;}}[k 0gwmemab;u
    ajymygonf/

    *rfbmtm; xkdokdY vkyf
    aqmif&ef zdtm;ay;onfhtae
    jzif h 0gwmemab;onf *syef

    ukefoG,fa&;0efBuD; ,luD,dktD
    'gEk?d *syeftmPm&ygwDrS MoZm
    BuD ; rm;onf h Ek d i f i H a &;acgif ;
    aqmif ,dk&SDwdkqif*dkulwkdYtm;
    qGJaqmifodrf;oGif;cJhNyD; jrefrm
    EkdifiHodkY jrefjrefoGm;a&muf&ef
    ajymcJhaMumif;qdkonf/ if;u
    ]]tJ'Dwkef;u EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef
    BuD;Xmeudk uRefawmfjyefoGm;cJh
    NyD; jrefrmudk c&D;xGufzkdY tD'gEkd
    uwday;wJhtaMumif; olwkdYudk
    uRefawmfajymcJh&ygw,f/ EkdifiH
    jcm;a&;0efBuD; roGm;cif jrefrm
    udk ukeo
    f ,
    G af &;0efBuD;oGm;r,f
    qkd&if *rfbm rsufESmysuf&yg
    vdrfhr,f/ 'ghaMumifh ol tJ'Dhudk
    'DZifbmrSm oGm;cJhwmaygh}}[k
    &Sif;jyonf/ *syefEkdifiHjcm;a&;
    0efBuD;Xme? *syefp;D yGm;a&;? ukef
    oG,fa&;ESihf pufrIvkyfief;0ef

    qufrIrsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD; (jref


    rmEk d i f i H tay:) a<u;NrD r sm;
    avQmfypfa&;twGuf Mum;0if
    aqmif&Gufay;cJhonf/ aejynf
    awmfwGif npmpm;cJhNyD; tcsdef
    ajcmufvtMum {NyD 21 wGif
    *syefEkdifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD;Xme
    onf *syef E k d i f i H o d k Y jref r mu
    ay;&ef a<u;NrD 60 &mckdifEIef;
    ausmfudk avQmfypf&efaMunmcJh
    ygonf/ 0gwmemab;u if;
    onf a<u;NrD t m;vH k ; tjynf h
    t0avQmfypf&ef wGef;tm;ay;
    cJhaomfvnf; yg&Duvyfac: NrD
    &SifEkdifiHrsm;tzGJU\ ckcHrIaMumifh
    xkdokdY rjzpfEkdifaMumif; tajymcH
    cJh&onfqkdonf/
    a<u;NrDavQmfonfh tpDt
    pOfwGif yg0ifolrsm;u wkdusKd
    onf (jrefrmEkdifiHtay:&Sdae

    aMumif; qJGaqmifodrf;oGif;cJh
    onf/ tjcm;tzJUG tpnf;rsm;udk
    vnf ; wd k u sKd w G i f aemuf w pf
    ywf xdkudpaqG;aEG;&ef zdwf
    ac:cJhaMumif; txufygt&m&Sd
    uajymonf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf\
    axmufcHrIudk &SmazGjcif;

    jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&; wHcg;
    tzG i f h w G i f 0gwmemab;tm;
    axmufyHhulnDolrsm;xJrS wpf
    OD;rSm eDyGefazmifa';&Sif;wnf
    axmifol ,dk[dkif;qmqmum
    0gjzpfonf/ xdkazmifa';&Sif;udk
    qmqmum0g\ <u,f 0 aom
    zcifjzpfol? ppfNyD;acwf *syef
    wG i f vuf , mpG e f ; Ek d i f i H a &;
    orm;jzpf N yD ; MoZmBuD ; ol u
    wnfaxmifcJhonf/ jrefrmudk
    umv&SnfMumpGm pdwf0ifpm;

    ,cktxdawmh oDv0gonf Avm[if;vif;jzpfaeaom


    aMumihf rSwfrSwf&& taumif;qHk;ae&mwpfck jzpfaeonf/
    pyg;cif;rsm;u pufHkrsm;twGuf vsmxm;onfh ajrae&m
    rsm;udk zHk;vTrf;aeonf/ vkyfom;rsm;u ajrap;rsm;udk
    jcif;rsm;ESihf o,f,al epOf x&yfum;rsm;u yGa,mif;a,mif;
    ajrom;xJoYkdausmufp&pfcrJ sm;oGecf saeonf/ jrefrmtpk;d &
    0efBuD;Xmersm;ESifh EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD; jrKyfESHolrsm;udk csdwfquf
    ay;aeaom ,ciftpkd;&t&m&Sd a[mif;wpfOD;jzpfol OD;
    jrihfOD;u ]]uRefawmfwkdY&JU t,fvf'dk&m'dk ae&mopfu BudKqkd
    ygw,f}}[k jrpdrf;a&mifv,fuGif;wpfavQmuf um;jzwf
    armif;vmpOf {nfhonfwpfOD;udk EIwfqufonf/
    BuD;XmewkdYonf 0gwmemab;
    \ ,ckawGUqHkrIrsm;taMumif;
    ajymMum;csufudk rSwfcsufay;
    &efjiif;qefcJhMuygonf/
    a<u;NrDrsm; avQmfypfjcif;
    rwfvxJrSmawmh *syefjrefrmtoif;udk wnfaxmif
    vdkufygonf/ wnfaxmifol
    tzGJU0ifrsm;wGif emumqkdaet
    jyif wkwfESifhywfouf wif;
    rmonfhvkdif;&Sd? vlodrsm;ol
    0efBuD;csKyfa[mif; wmkdtmqdk
    wkdYyg0ifMuonf/ toif;wGif
    tNird ;f pm;tpk;d & t&m&SBd u;D rsm;?
    Marubeni ES i h f Mitsubishi
    aumfydka&;&Sif;rsm;rS trIaqmif
    vl B uD ; rsm;vnf ; yg0if o nf /
    toif;u aEG&moDwGif yHkazmf
    rnfh (jrefrmEkdifiHodkY) axmufyHh
    ulnaD &;tpDtpOf yl;aygif;vkyf
    aqmifa&;twGuf tpkd;&avh
    vma&;tkyfpkwpfck zGJUpnf;&ef
    wGef;tm;ay;cJhonf/
    0gwmemab;onfvnf;
    b@ma&;0efBuD;XmeESifh csdwf

    aom)a<u;NrD 3 'or 7 bDvD


    ,HudkavQmfypf&ef oabmwlcJh
    NyD; jrefrmEdkifiH\ urmhbPfESihf
    tm&SzGHUNzdK;a&;bPfwkdYodkY vuf
    usefa<u;rsm; ay;Ekdif&ef acs;aiG
    a':vmoef; 900 udkvnf; wkd
    usKd - rpf q l b D & S D , l t uf z f a *s
    bPfOD;aqmifaom *syefbPf
    rsm;toif;rSwpfqifh xkwfay;
    cJah Mumif;qkyd gonf/ Ekid if w
    H um
    aiGaMu;&efyHkaiGtzGJUrS wm0ef
    &Sdolrsm;onf ]]*syef\ a<u;NrD
    avQmyf pfonfh jrefEeI ;f udk tvGeYf
    tvGeftHhtm;oifhcJh&aMumif;}}
    ajymcJo
    h nf[kaqG;aEG;yGrJ sm; wGif
    yg0ifcJhonfh *syeftpkd;& t&m
    &S d w pf O D ; uvnf ; ajymonf /
    if;u ]]olwkdYuajymw,f/ 'Dvdk
    t&ifu rjrifzl;Mubl;wJh}}[k
    jyefajymjyonf/ *syefonf xdkrS
    p tjcm;tvS L &S i f E d k i f i H r sm;
    udkvnf; a<u;NrDavQmfypfonhf
    csOf ; uyf e nf ; onf jref r mh t
    ajymif;tvJrsm;udk wGef;tm;
    ay;&ef taumif;qHk;enf;jzpf

    cJ h o l qmqmum0gonf ae
    jynf a wmf w G i f Zl v k d i f v u
    OD;odef;pdefESifh oDv0gudpaqG;
    aEG ; rI r sm;twG i f ; 0gwmem
    ab;? qif*u
    kd w
    l EYkd iS t
    hf wlyg0ifchJ
    onf/ xdpk Ofu qmqmum0gu
    ppf tpd;k &ESihf umv&SnMf um y#d
    yujzpfaeaom vlenf;pkwdkif;
    &if;om;a'orsm;wGif vSL'gef;
    axmufyHhrIrsm; vkyfEdkif&efurf;
    vSrf;cJhonf/ if;u vlenf;pk
    wdkif;&if;om;rsm;onf tpdk;&
    opfwGif Nidrf;csrf;a&;&nf&G,f
    csufrsm;&SdaMumif; em;vnfa&;
    r&S d r jzpf vk d t yf o nf [ k q d k y g
    onf/ jrefrm\ y#dyujzpfyGm;
    &mZkerf sm;wGif 2010a&G;aumuf
    yJGrsm; rusif;yEkdifcJhyg/
    ESpfEkdifiHtMum; us,fjyefY
    onhf oabmwlnDcsufrsm;udk
    Mo*kwfvwGif vufrSwfa&;xdk;
    cJ h M uonf / ,ck t cg jref r m
    buf u OD ; 0if ; atmif a cgif ;
    aqmifonhf pufrIvkyfief;tzJGU
    taMumif; tao;pdwfudk jyif

    qifvyk u
    f ikd af eNyD; *syefbufu
    vnf; tajccHtaqmufttHk
    qkid &f m pDru
    H ed ;f rsm; tMurf;zsi;f
    a&;qJaG eonf/ a':atmifqef;
    pkMunf\ trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pD
    tzJGUcsKyfu if;wdkYonf tqdkjyK
    xm;aom &if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIu ppf
    wyfausmaxmuf aemufcHjyK
    tpkd;&twGuf EdkifiHa&;tusKd;
    tjrwf r sm; &aprnf ? r&ap
    rnfudk pdwfrylaMumif;ajymyg
    onf/ a':atmifqef;pkMunf
    onf ,cktcg ygvDrefodkY wif
    aeaom EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI
    Oya'Murf;udk axmufcHxm;NyD;
    taemufwdkif;udkvnf; aemuf
    xyf y d w f q d k Y r I r sm; avQmh c s&ef
    awmif ; qd k a eygonf / trsKd ;
    om;'Drdkua&pDtzJGUcsKyf A[dkt
    vkyftrIaqmif aumfrwD tzJGU
    0ifOD;[Homjrifhu ]]uRefawmf
    wd'Yk geJyY wfoufvYdk bmrS rpk;d &drf
    ygbl;/uRefawmfwdkYtwGuf t
    a&;BuD;wmu 'D&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIeJY
    taxmuftyhHawG[m vlawG
    twGuf tusKd;jzpfapovm;?
    rjzpfapbl;vm;qdkwmygyJ}} [k
    ajymonf/
    *syefukefoG,fa&;0efBuD;
    Xmeonf oDv0gpDrHudef; ,
    cif p pf t pd k ; &vuf x uf cd k e D
    rsm;ESihf yl;wJv
    G yk u
    f ikd jf cif;aMumifh
    *syefurk P
    rD sm;wGif *kPo
    f wif;
    xdcdkufEdkifrnfh ta&;ESifh ywf
    ouf rnfokdYrQ rSwfcsufay;
    jcif;r&Sdyg/ ukefoG,fa&;0efBuD;
    XmeajymcGifh&trsKd;orD; tqm
    *Dqmudkif;u ]]oDv0gzHGUNzdK;a&;
    pDrHudef;[m jrefrmtpdk;&buf
    u awmif;qdkrIeJYpwifcJhwmyg/
    tpdk;&ESpf&yfpvHk;u 'gudk pOf;
    pm;aeygw,f/ oDv0grSm *syef
    -jrefrmyl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;
    yHkazmfzkdY b,fvkd vufawGUqHk;
    jzwfcsufrsKd;udkrS rcsrSwf&ao;
    ygbl;}}[kajymonf/
    wkdusKd&Sd if;\ kH;cef;wGif
    awmh jrefrmEkdifiHwGif apmapm
    ydkif;uyif &if;ESD;jrKyfESHolwpfOD;
    jzpf&jcif;tE&m,fEiS yhf wfouf
    ar;jref;cH&aomtcg rpwm
    0gwmemab;u ycHk;wGefYjyyg
    onf/ ]]'DvkdudpawGeJYywfouf
    vkdY ylyefaewJh ukrPDawGwpf
    ckckrsm;&dScJh&if olwkdY *syefrSmyJ
    aeNrJaumif;aeMurSmyg/ 'g[m
    olwdkY a&G;cs,frIygyJ}} [k ajymyg
    onf/
    Ref:'How Japan Inc Stole
    a march in Myanmar' by
    Antoni Slodkowski.

    28

    Current Affairs

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    b*Fvm;a'U&SfoHHk;a&SYwGif oHCmawmftyg; 300 cefY qEazmfxkwf


    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-8
    jrefrmEkid if w
    H iG f OIC(Organization of Islamic Cooperation)

    Hk;zGihfvSpf&ef vHk;0 tvdkr&Sd


    aMumif;ESihf b*Fvm;a'h&SfEkdifiH&Sd
    Ak'bmom0ifrsm;udk b*Fvm;
    a'h&Sf tpkd;&u vHkNcHKpGm aqmif
    &Guaf y;a&;tygt0if pkpak ygif;
    tcsuf 14 csut
    f m; oHCmawmf
    tyg; 300 cefu
    Y atmufwb
    kd m
    8 &uf(,aeY) b*Fvm;a'h&Sf
    oH;kH a&SUwGifqEazmfxw
    k af wmif;

    qdkcJhMuonf/
    D ma&AD;
    OIC onf aqmf't
    ,m;EdkifiH *suf'gNrdKUwGif tajc
    pdkufNyD; ukvor*tzGJUNyD;vQif
    'kw,
    d tiftm;tBuD;qk;H tpd;k &
    r[kwfonfh tzGJUtpnf;wpfck
    jzpfum tzGUJ 0if 57 Edik if &H o
    dS nf/
    ,if;tzGJU jrefrmEdkifiH vm|
    a&mufkH;pdkufrnfhta&;ESifhywf
    ouf &cdik w
    f ikd ;f &if;olrsm;u
    vnf; ,ckvtwGif; qExkwf
    azmf&ef pDpOfcJhonf/
    tqkyd g awmif;qdck surf sm;
    tm; r[moHCmhem,uq&m
    awmfrsm; EkdifiHawmf orw?
    EkdifiHa&; ygwDacgif;aqmifrsm;?
    rGwfqvifbmoma&; acgif;
    aqmifrsm;uyg awmif;qkad y;yg
    &efvnf; xnfhoGif;awmif;qdkcJh
    Muonf/
    ]]b*Fvm;a'h&fS aumhbZm;
    cdkifa'orSm vlenf;pk Ak'bm
    om0ifawG rD;dIUcH&w,f/ owf
    jzwfcH&w,f/ &yfwef;u &yf
    wefYay;zdkY awmif;qdkwmyg}}[k
    qEazmfxkwfyJGwGif OD;aqmif
    q&mawmfwpfyg;jzpfaom q&m
    awmf OD;ynmeEu rdefYMum;
    onf/

    ,ck awmif;qkdaom t
    csufrsm;udk vkdufavsmay;ygu

    qEazmfxkwfrIudk &yfwefYay;
    rnfjzpfNyD; rvkdufavsmygu
    quf v uf q E a zmf x k w f o G m ;
    rnf[k q&mawmfO;D ynmeEu
    rdefYMum;onf/
    qEazmfxkwfaom oHCm
    awmfrsm;onf ,aeY rGef;vJG 2
    em&DcefYu b*Fvm;a'h&SfoHHk;
    a&SUwGif awmif;qdkcsuf 14 csuf
    tm; zwfMum;jcif;ESihf arwm
    okwf&GwfqkdNyD;aemuf tar&d
    uefoHHk;odkY qufvufxGufcGm
    cJhMuonf/

    tar&duef oHHk;a&SUwGif
    vpf A sm; Ek d i f i H usqH k ; oG m ;cJ h
    aom tar&duef oHtrwft
    wGuf vGrf;olYyef;acGcsjcif;ESihf
    oHtrwfBuD; aumif;&mok*wd
    a&muf&Sdap&ef arwmokwf csD;
    jrifhjcif;wdkYudk aqmif&GufcJhMu
    onf/
    b*Fvm;a'h&EfS idk if H aumhb
    Zm;cdkifa'o&Sd Ak'bmom0if
    rsm; wdkufcdkufcH&jcif;? omoed
    u taqmuf t tH k r sm; zsuf
    qD;cH&jcif;ESihf ywfouf &ef
    ukefNrdKU&Sd oHCmawmftcsKdUonf
    atmufwdkbm 5 &ufrS pwif
    b*Fvm;a'h&SfoHHk;a&SUwGif qE
    azmfxkwfcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    atmifol&

    vlUabmifopfygwDOu| OD;atmifrkd;aZmf

    vlUabmifopfygwD jynfwGif;wGif jyeftajccsrnfh


    yxrqkH;aom EkdifiHa&;tzGJUtpnf; jzpfzG,f&Sd
    Nidrf;Nidrf;Ekdif
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-7
    jynfytajcpkduf vlYabmifopf
    'Dru
    dk &ufwpfygwDu jrefrmEkid if H
    wGif Ekid if aH &;ygwDtjzpf jyefvnf
    &yfwnf&ef aocsmoavmuf
    &SdNyDjzpfaMumif; vlYabmifopf
    ygwDOu| OD;atmifrkd;aZmfu
    7Day News odYk ajymMum;onf/
    Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;azmf a qmif
    a&;tzGUJ rSwpfqifh jynfya&muf
    trnfrnf;pm&if;0ifrsm;? ygwD
    tzGJUtpnf;? vlyk*dKvfrsm;ESihf
    t pd;k &tMum; awGUqHak qG;aEG;rI
    rsm; jyKvkyfcJh&m tu,f vlY
    abmifopfygwDtm; EkdifiHa&;yg
    wDtjzpf jynfwiG ;f wGif &yfwnf

    cG i f h j yKrnf q k d y gu ,if ; ygwD


    rS m jynf w G i f ; jyef v nf & yf
    wnfrnhyf xrqH;k aom Ekid if aH &;
    tzGUJ tpnf;jzpfvmrnfjzpfonf/
    ]]OD;atmifrdk;aZmfwkdYtzGJUeJY
    'DbuftzGJUeJY oHk;BudrfawGUNyD;yg
    NyD/ aqG;aEG;zkdY odyfrusefawmh
    bl;vkdY uRefawmf xifygw,f/
    olwdkYjyefvmcJh&ifawmh jynfy
    a&muftzGJUxJu jynfwGif;rSm
    jyef&yfwnfr,fh yxrqHk;tzGJU
    jzpfvmygvdrfhr,f}} [k Nidrf;csrf;
    a&;tusK;d aqmif OD;vSarmifa&T
    u oHk;oyfajymMum;onf/
    vlYabmifopfygwDOu|
    uNyD;cJhonfh pufwifbm 3 &uf
    wGif jrefrmEkdifiHodkY oHk;ywfwm
    pm(29)okdY

    29

    Current Affairs

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    yk*vdupufoHk;qDqdkifrsm; qDtckd;Murf;
    qdkifaygif; 23 qkdif 0ifa&mufppfaq;&m 21qkdifrSm tjciftwG,frjynhf
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-6
    pGr;f tif0efBu;D Xmeu &efuek Nf rKd U
    awmf pnfyifom,ma&; e,fed
    rdwt
    f wGi;f &Sd pufo;kH qDta&mif;
    qkid f 23qkid t
    f m; atmufwkdbm
    6&uf (,aeY) a&Smifwcif ppf
    aq;&m qkdifaygif; 21 qkdif&SdyefY
    rsm;rSm owfrSwftjciftwG,f
    jynfhrDjcif;r&SdbJ avsmhenf;ae
    onfuadk wGU&S&d aMumif; pGr;f tif
    0ef B uD ; Xmeu owif ; xk w f
    jyefonf/
    owf r S w f t jcif t wG , f
    jynfhrDjcif;r&Sdonfh qkdifykdif&Sif
    rsm;xHodkY w&m;0ifpmjzihf owd
    ay;oGm;rnfjzpfNy;D xyfrpH pfaq;
    awGU&Syd gu pufo;kH qDoakd vSmif
    jzefYjzL;a&mif;cscGifh vkdifpifudk
    jyefvnfo;kH oyfomG ;rnf[v
    k nf;
    aMunmcsuw
    f iG f yg&So
    d nf/
    ]]wuov
    dk &f yd o
    f mvrf;u
    jr0wDqkdifrSm qDxnfhwkef;u
    *dwu
    f rwufb;l vkYdajymawmh0ef
    xrf;ujyefajymw,f/wpfaomif;
    zd;k xnfw
    h mawmif *dwu
    f rwuf
    bl;vkdYajymw,f/ tJ'Duwnf;
    u tJ'DqkdifrSm wpfcgrS rxnfh

    awmhbl;}}[k tiSm;,mOfarmif;
    ukpd ef;vif;atmifu ajymMum;
    onf/
    rsm;aomtm;jzihf "mwfqD
    wpf * gvef w G i f 4 'or 5 vD
    wm&S d a omf v nf ; rjynf h a om
    qkdifrsm; vDwm0ufcefY avsmh
    onfukd awGU&Sd&aMumif; ukdpef;
    vif;atmifuajymonf/
    owfrSwftjciftwG,f r
    jynfhrDaom qkdif 21 qdkifxJwGif
    emrnfBuD; ukrPDrsm;u zGihf
    xm;aom '*HNk rKd Uopfajrmufyikd ;f
    &Sd xl;xa&;'if; ukrPD? awmf
    vSefa&;yef;NcHa&SU OD;0dpm&vrf;
    &Sd DENKO ukrPD? wmarGNrdKU
    e,f&Sd rufpfjrefrmukrPD? '*Hk
    NrdKUopfawmifydkif;&Sd eDvmdk;r
    ukrP
    ?D awmifOuvmyNrKd Ue,f
    r*Fvmvrf;axmihfESihf &wem
    vrf;axmifh&Sd &mZmrif;ukrPD?
    uefom,mvrf; r*Fvmawmif
    GefYNrdKUe,f&Sd a&TawmifukrPD?
    &efukef-jynfvrf; r*Fvm'HkNrdKU
    e,f{&ma&T0gukrP
    ?D yef;yifBu;D
    vrf; Munfjh rifwidk Nf rKd Ue,f&dS Petro
    Green (,kZeukrPD)? OD;0dpm&

    pm(28)rS
    vma&mufcGihf&&SdcJhNyD; tpdk;&
    wm0ef&Sdolrsm; tygt0if jynf
    wGi;f &Sd Ekid if aH &;tiftm;pkrsm; vl
    xktajcjyK tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESihf
    awGUqHkcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    ]]olwkdYu uRefawmfwkdYudk
    bvufvpfuae xkwfay;NyD;
    NyD / aemuf w pf c k u vl w pf O D ;
    csif;pDukdvnf; bvufvpfu
    ae xkwfay;NyD;oGm;NyD/ aemuf
    wpfqifhu tzGJUtpnf;taeeJY
    jyefzyYkd J &Sad wmhw,f/ tzGUJ tpnf;
    taeeJY 'Dukd jyefEkdifwJhtaet
    xm;? tao;pdwfudprSm enf;
    enf;useaf ewm/ ajyvnfzrYkd sm;
    ygw,f}} [k OD;atmifrdk;aZmfu
    ajymMum;onf/
    jynfya&muf EkdifiHa&;yg
    wDwpfcjk zpfaom NLD-LA ygwD
    0ifa[mif;(avmavmvwfvwf
    EkwfxGufxm;ol) OD;ndKtkef;jrifh
    u vlYabmifopfygwD qHk;jzwf
    csufESihf ywfouf ,ckuJhodkY
    rSwfcsufjyKajymMum;onf/
    ]]EkdifiHa&; pmrsufESmopf
    wpfcak &mufNyq
    D &dk if qH;k jzwfMu
    &rSm 'DpmrsuEf mS ay:vku
    d rf vm;/
    rvku
    d b
    f ;l vm;/ vlaY bmifopfu
    awmhjywfw,f/ jrefrmjynfjyef
    vmNyD; ygwDaxmifr,faygh/ t
    jyifrSm EkdifiHa&;ygwDtaeeJY oD;
    oefY&yfwnfwm ESpfck? oHk;ckyJ
    &Sd w,f/ 'Drkdu&ufwpf tzGJUt
    pnf;awGuawmh 20 avmuf
    &Sdw,f/ txJrSmaejcif;tjyif

    rS m aejcif ; uawmh uk d , h f x d
    a&mufrIeJY qdkifw,f}} [k OD;ndK
    tkef;jrifhu qufajymonf/
    vlYabmifopf ygwDonf
    1990 u trsdK;om;'Drkdua&pD
    tzG J U csKyf y gwD N yD ; vQif 'k w d ,
    tiftm;tBuD;qHk;ygwD wpfck
    jzpfaomfvnf; ,ckjynfwGif;
    wGif jyefvnf&yfwnfrnf qkd
    ygu vuf&Sd wnfqJOya'rsm;
    t& tcuftcJrsm; BuKH awGU&Ekid f
    aMumif; EkdifiHa&;avhvmolwkdY
    u oHk;oyfonf/
    xdkudpESihf ywfouf OD;
    atmifrkd;aZmfu ]]a&G;aumufyGJ
    Oya't&yJjzpfjzpf EkdifiHa&;yg
    wD Oya't&yJjzpfjzpf t[efY
    twm;awG&Sdw,f/ EkdifiHa&;yg
    wD t jzpf &yf w nf c G i f h & NyD ; &if
    awmh qufvufkef;uef&r,fh
    [mawGaygh/ wjcm;tzGUJ tpnf;
    awGeJY vufwGJNyD;awmh aqmif
    &GufoGm;ygr,f}} [k ajymMum;
    onf/
    rnfonfhEkdifiHom;rQ cH,l
    rxm;onfhtwGuf tpkd;&ESihf
    tNy;D owf aqG;aEG;Ny;D ygu Ekid if H
    om;tjzpf jyefvnfavQmufxm;
    &rnfjzpfNyD; EkdifiHtwGif; usef;
    rm wm0ef,rl &I adS om twku
    d f
    tcHygwDwpfcktjzpf &yfwnf
    oGm;vkdaMumif;? vlxkEkdifiHa&;
    tiftm;aumif;apa&;twGuf
    vlxkEkdifiHa&;tiftm;aumif;
    atmif tm;pdkufoGm;rnfjzpf
    aMumif; if;u qufvufajym
    onf/

    vrf; '*HkNrdKUe,f&Sd vif;vuf


    atmif (jr0wDxa&;'if;) ukr
    PDwkdY yg0ifonf/
    ]]bmrSawmh ajymp&mr&Syd g
    bl;/ 'gayrJh rMumcifupNyD; vD
    wmeJY a&mif;awmhr,f/ *gvef
    eJY ra&mif;awmhbl;[k rufpf
    jrefrmqDqkdifrS wm0ef&Sdolwpf
    OD;u ajymonf/
    pGr;f tif0efBu;D Xmeu,if;
    uJo
    h Ykd ppfaq;&mwGif wpf*gvef
    vQif tar&duef pHEIef;jzpfaom
    wpf*gvef 4 'or 5 vDwmESifh

    rppfaq;bJ t*FvefpHEIef;jzpf
    onfh 4 'or 546 vDwmESifh ppf
    aq;cJhaMumif; tqkdygwm0ef&Sd
    oluajymonf/
    ]]b,fpepfeYJ ppfwmvJ/ t
    ar&duefpepfvm;? t*Fvefp
    epfvm; wnfhrwfay;csifwm
    vm;? tjypfwifcsifwmvm; qkd
    wm pOf;pm;p&mjzpfaew,f/
    qdkifawGudk tjciftwG,fjynfh
    atmif tNrJppfaq;ygw,f}}[k
    DENKOqDqkdifydkif&Sif OD;cspfckdif
    u ajymonf/

    30

    Current Affairs
    pm-21? urmqY &mrsm;aeYu jrefrmhq&mrsm;&ifziG ohf H rS
    ]]q&mawG tawmftrsm;
    pku qif;&Jygw,f/ wynfh r&Sm;
    wpfjym; r&Sd? yDwdukdpm; tm;&Sd
    yg\wJh yDwdpm;NyD; tm;&Sdwm
    awmh uRefawmfwpfa,mufrS
    awmh rawGUzl;ygbl;/ jynfol
    qif;&J&if q&m qif;&Jr,f?
    jynfol csrf;om&if q&m csrf;
    omr,f/ tJh'gaMumifh jynfoleJY
    twlwl vufwGJoGm;MuzkdY q&m
    u@u ta&;BuD;ygw,f}}[k
    wuodkvfq&ma[mif;wpfOD;
    jzpfaom a'gufwmcifarmifndK
    u ur m h q &mrsm;aeY t xd r f ;
    trSwfwGif ajymMum;cJhonf/

    ppf t k y f c sKyf a &;pepf \
    &v'ftaejzifh q&m? q&mr
    rsm;\ toufarG;0rf;ausmif;
    b0cufcJrI BuD;xGm;vmjcif;?

    oifMum;rI t&nftaoG;rsm;
    avsmhusvmjcif;? *kPfodum
    usqif;vmjcif;wkdYukd jyefvnf
    ukpm;Ekdif&ef ynma&;0efxrf;
    rsm;u arQmfvifhaeMuonf/
    q&m? q&mrrsm;\ vlrI
    b0rsm; jyef v nf j rif h r m;wk d ;
    wufvmap&ef ynm&yfqkdif&m
    oif w ef ; rsm; yk d Y c say;jcif ; ?
    toufarG;0rf;ausmif;b0 vkH
    NcKHrI&Sdvmapjcif;? vGwfvyfpGm
    azmfxkwfajymqkdrIrsm;ukd tod
    trSwfjyKjcif;? oifMum;a&;ESifh
    oufqkdifjcif;r&Sdaom vkyfief;
    wm0ef r sm;wG i f tcsd e f u k e f ?
    vlukefjzpfaerIukd ukpm;jcif;?
    c&D;oGm;vmrI cufcJaejcif;ukd
    yHhydk;ulnDjcif;ESifh tvkyftukdif
    tcG i f h t vrf ; aumif ; rG e f a p

    atmif zefwD;ay;xm;jcif; enf;


    vrf;rsm;ukd tajz&Smaqmif&u
    G f
    &rnfjzpfonf/
    xkjYd yif vpmay;acsryI pHk EH iS hf
    &mxl;wkd;jrifh owfrSwfaomykHpH
    wk d Y o nf q&m? q&mrrsm;\
    pdwf"mwfcGeftm;ESifh vkyf&nf?
    uk d i f & nf wk d ; wuf v map&ef
    t[ef Y t wm;jzpf a pvsuf & S d
    aMumif; ynma&;uRrf;usifol
    rsm;uqkdonf/
    ]]q&mawG & J U tqif h t
    wef;ukd cGJjcm;aew,f/ rlv
    wef;q&mukd edrfhw,fvkdY ,lq
    w,f / vpmvnf ; ed r f h w ,f ?
    qufqHykHvnf; edrfhw,f/ q&m
    awG & J U ynm&yf u b,f u @
    rqdkjrifhw,f/ rlvwef;uav;
    awG&UJ pdwo
    f Pmef? uav;awG
    &JUzGHUNzdK;rIukd aumif;aumif;em;
    vnfrS uav;awG&JU oif,lrI
    ukd q&mawGu axmufyHhay;

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    Ekdifr,f/ rlvwef;vnf; ta&;


    BuD;w,f? tv,fwef;? txuf
    wef ; vnf ; ta&;BuD ; w,f /
    wu o d k v f v nf ; ta&;BuD ;
    w,f/ u@wkdif;u ta&;BuD;
    w,f/ tJh'Dawmh q&mawG&JU
    tqifhukdcGJjcm;wm roifhbl;}[k
    jynfya&muf ynma&;okawoD
    a'guf w mod e f ; vG i f u ajym
    onf/
    pdeaf c:rItaejzifh tajccH
    ynmtqif h w G i f rl v wef ; jy
    rsm;tm; tv,fwef;&mxl;ESifh
    tv,fwef;jyrsm;tm; txuf
    wef; &mxl;okdY wdk;jrifhay;vsuf
    &Sd&m wpfqifhjrifh twef;wGif
    bmom&yfrsm;ukd ajymif;vJoif
    Mum;&ojzifh ,cif oifMum;rI
    tawGUtBuHKrsm; qk;H I;H rI&adS eNy;D
    a0;vHcufcaJ om a'orsm;wGif
    vnf; q&m? q&mrrsm; enf;
    yg;aeaMumif; trsKd;om;tqifh

    ynma&;u@ zGHUNzdK;wkd;wuf
    a&;pmwrf;wpfapmifwGif azmf
    jyxm;onf/
    q&m? q&mrrsm;\ oif
    Mum;rIt&nftaoG; jrifrh m;a&;
    twG u f q&m twwf y nm
    t&nftcsif;? &mxl;? vkyfouf?
    uRr;f usirf t
    I qifah y: rlwnf
    vpmEIef;xm; wkd;jrifhowfrSwf
    &efppD Of aqmif&u
    G Ef idk rf nfjzpfNy;D
    touf a rG ; 0rf ; ausmif ; b0
    zl v k H r I t wG u f tpk d ; &wpf & yf
    wnf;ay:wGif rScD adk e&jcif;xuf
    &yf&Gma'oESifh tjcm;tzGJUt
    pnf;rsm;\ yHyh ;dk ulnrD rI sm;vnf;
    vkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/
    EkdifiHawmf\ ynma&;t
    qifhtoD;oD;wGif oif,laeol
    rsm;\ b0zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufatmif
    oif M um;ay;aeaom q&m?
    q&mrrsm;onf t"duusaom
    tcef;u@wGif yg0ifaeMuol
    rsm;jzpfaMumif;? pD;yGm;a&;?vlrI
    a&;qkdif&m tcuftcJtrsKd;rsKd;
    Mum;u kef;uefvIyf&Sm;aeMu&
    aom vuf&Sd vlrIpD;yGm;tajc
    taeukd ykdrkdwkd;wufEkdifatmif
    enf ; vrf ; aumif ; rsm; &S m BuH
    aqmif & G u f o G m ;Mu&ef tcsd e f
    a&mufNyjD zpfaMumif; 'kwo
    d rw
    a'guf w mpd k i f ; armuf c rf ; u
    aejynfawmfwGif usif;yaom
    urmq
    h &mrsm;aeYwiG af jymMum;
    cJhonf/
    q&m? q&mrrsm;taejzifh
    oifcef;pmrsm; owfrw
    S cf sed t
    f rD

    NyD;jywfEkdifa&; vHk;yef;ae&jcif;?
    oif M um;a&;ES i f h rouf q k d i f
    aom vkyfief;wm0efrsm; vkyf
    uk d i f a e&jcif ; ES i f h touf a rG ;
    0rf ; ausmif ; cuf c J r I a Mumif h
    tjcm;enf;vrf;jzifh 0ifaiG&mS ae
    &jcif;wkdYonf t&Sdeft[kefjzifh
    ajymif ; vJ a eaom owif ; t
    csut
    f vufEiS hf enf;ynmacwf
    wGif aemufus usefaeapaom
    taMumif;&if;rsm;jzpfonf/
    tprf;oyfcH ynma&;pepf
    wGif ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm usifvnf
    aecJhaom jrefrmhynma&;onf
    q&m? q&mrrsm;tay: BuD ;
    BuD;rm;rm; oufa&mufrIjzpfap
    vsuf&Sd&m q&m? q&mrrsm;\
    oabm xm;tjrif? pdwftm;
    xufoefrI? wkdif;jynfESifh vlrsKd;
    cspf p d w f w k d Y jyef v nf & S i f o ef
    ajymif;vJvmap&ef vkdtyfae
    NyDjzpfonf/
    ]]t&ifwek ;f u apwemwk?Yd
    tepfemwkdY qkdwmu avQmuf
    ajym aewmyg/ 'gawGu vkdyg
    w,f / 'gayrJ h v nf ; wu,f h
    vuf a wG U rS m q&mawG pd w f
    "mwfwuf<uvmatmif? apw
    emawG &S d v matmif ? igwk d Y
    wkdif;jynf? igwkdYvlawGtwGuf
    qk d w mrsKd ; jzpf v matmif ?
    wu,foifwwf?Mum;wwf jzpf
    vmatmif tJh'gawGvkdygw,f}}
    [k ynma&;vkyfief;rsm; aqmif
    &G u f a eaom pma&;q&muk d
    wmuajymonf/

    31

    Article

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    (wpf)
    &efukefNrdKU tajcpkdufwuodkvfausmif;BuD; wpfausmif;uae
    ygarmub0jzifh tNird ;f pm;,lomG ;Ny;D jzpfol q&mwpfa,mufEiS hf uRef
    awmfwdkY rMumcPqdkovdk pum;pjrnf ajymjzpfygonf/ xkdpum;
    pjrnfwiG u
    f m; q&mu ]]wku
    d pf pf}} t aMumif; ajymum&,fyzGJ UGJ ygonf/
    ]]wdu
    k pf pf}}wJ/h wuov
    kd fausmif;xJuwku
    d pf pf/wGifynma&;avm
    uESifh wkdufppfbmqkdifvdkYwkH;[k qEapmolwdkYu ar;Ekdifygonf/ a&
    vnfatmif&Sif;jyyg&apOD;/
    ppfa&;avmu wkdufppf? xdk;ppf? cHppf? ajymufusm;ppf ponf
    ponfjzifh aoe*FAsL[m trsKd;rsKd;&Sdonfudk trsm;todjzpfygonf/
    ,cku wuodkvfausmif;y&d0kPfxJu ]]wkdufppf}}/
    xdq
    k &mwk\
    Yd bmom&yfu t*Fvyd b
    f momjzifh oif,u
    l m t*F
    vdyfbmomjzifhyif jyef vnfajzqdk&onfh bmom&yfjzpfygonf/ odkY
    jzifh wpfaeYpm ar;-tajzvTmrsm; ppfaq;tNyD; trSwfrsm; xnfh
    oGi;f MupOf oHo,jzpfz,
    G f ckeH yH gwfwpfcu
    k kd oGm;awGUvku
    d Mf u&onf

    wm... rwlawmhrmS ;w,f xif


    wm/ tJ'DrSm &,f&if;arm&if;
    qk H ; r&wm aemif w k d u f r ppf e J Y
    wkdufppfu tE&m,frsm;w,f
    vdkY}}
    ygarmua[mif;BuD; w0g;
    0g;&,f a eonf u d k Munf h u m
    uRef a wmf v nf ; ol Y a emuf u
    vkduf&,faerdygonf/ pmtkyf
    BuD;xJueJY wl? rwludk wkdufNyD;
    ppfvYkd]]wdu
    k pf pf}}wJ/h atmfausmif;
    y&d0kPftwGif;u wdkufppfrsm;/
    (ESpf)
    ]]wk d u f p pf } } tE & m,f u
    ynma&;avmutwGuf BuD;
    vGef;vSygonf/ \onfrvJG
    jyefajymEkdifvQifvlawmf rajym
    EkdifvQif vlnHhtjzpf q&m? q&m
    rrsm; udk,fwkdifu oabmxm;
    aeMuonfudk rjyifbJESifhawmh
    bmrS jzpfvmvdrfhrnf rxifyg/
    &efukefNrdKU a&Twd*kHapwDawmf
    &Sdygonf [lonfh 0gusudkyif
    vQif ]]a&Twd*kHapwDawmfonf
    &efuek Nf rKd U &So
    d nf}}[k jyefra&;

    &J a om uav;awG u d k ae&m


    wkdif;rSm uRefawmfwdkYawGUEkdifyg
    onf/ q&m odkYr[kwf q&mr
    u ola&;ay;wJhtwkdif; ra&;
    &if trSwfray;bl;[kqdkum pdk;
    xd w f a eMuygonf / ajcav;
    acsmif;ow0gokH;rsKd;udk q&m?
    q&mru acG;? aMumif? EGm;[k
    a&;ay;xm;onf q k d y gawmh /
    uav;u qifw?Ydk uRw
    J ?Ykd jrif;wd?Yk
    qdwfwkdYudk ra&;&J/ a&;vQif t
    rSwfr&rSm (odkYr[kwf) qlrSm odkY
    r[kwf tNiKd jiifc&H rSmudk pd;k xdwf
    ae&onf h taetxm;jzpf y g
    onf/
    0gusuav;rsm; pum;vkH;
    uav;rsm;udyk ifvQif vGwv
    f w
    G f
    vyfvyf udk,fydkifqkH;jzwfcsuf
    ESifh csra&;&JrSawmh tawG;t
    ac: t,l t qawG u d k csjy&J ?
    wifjy&JzdkYqdkonfrSm [dk; ta0;
    BuD;rSmyg/
    (okH;)
    jyifopfEkdifiH ynmoif
    Mum;um jrefrmEkdifiHrSm [dkw,f

    awG vmzG i f h a eol oG u f v uf


    xuf j ruf a om &S r f ; orD ; ysKd
    uav;wpfOD;ESifh tif;av;uef
    ab;u ol w k d Y [d k w ,f x J r S m
    yif pum;0kdif;zJGUzl;ygonf/ rkd;
    av0oq&mBuD; a'gufwmOD;
    xGef;vGifwdkY? q&mcspfOD;ndKwdkY?
    rEkEk&nf(tif;0) wdkYvnf; xkd
    rdef;uav;udk aumif;aumif;
    odygonf/
    olu qdMk uygpdw
    Yk /hJ jyifopf
    pma&;q&mBuD; Apfwm[l;*dk;
    (Victor Hugo )udkoifowJh/
    q&m? q&mru Apfwm[l;*dk;
    ( Victor Hugo ) ajymwmud k
    BudKuf? rBudKuf vufcH? vufrcH
    ar;owJh/ vufcH&if BudKuf&if
    vufcHaMumif; BudKufaMumif;
    a&;? vuf r cH b l ; rBud K uf b l ;
    qkdif&ifvnf; vufrcHaMumif;
    rBudKufaMumif; a&;wJh/
    uRefawmfwdkYuawmh rSwf
    pkrsm;udkyif kdufEdSyfxkwfa0um
    ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm;qD
    od k Y a&mif ; csa0iS x m;vk d u f y g

    ao;onf/ tJonfh pmtkyfxJ


    utwkdif; ajzqdkMuayawmh/
    iga&;csay;xm;wJh 0gus
    twkdif;yJ a&;/ ruGefYeJY/ igawG;
    jyay;xm;wJ h t wk d i f ; yJ awG ; /
    rwGefYeJY/ igwGufjyay;xm;wJh
    twkdif;yJwGuf/ rnGefYeJY/ igcHpm;
    jyxm;wJhtwkdif;yJ cHpm;/ rvGefY
    eJY/
    'gudk uRefawmfu tmPm
    \ t&dyf[kxifygonf/ pmoif
    cef;xJodkY tmPm\ t&dyfrsm;
    vTrf;rdk;vmjcif;jzifh ynma&;
    avmuonfvnf; tjcm; aom
    avmursm;ESifhtwl qGHtBuKH
    vSDndK;EGrf;ajcmufaoGUoGm;cJh&
    jcif;jzpfygonf/
    tvGwfusufxm;onfudk
    wpfoa0rwdrf; jyef&Gufjy jyef
    a&;jyonfudk Factual Recall
    [k ac:qkd&m xdkzufusL&,f
    &D a umvf o nf Reasoning
    Power ac: qifjcifjcif;\ &ef
    ol? Critical Thinking ac: a0
    zefokH;oyfjcif;\ &efol? Decision Making ac:qkH;jzwfcsuf
    csjcif;\ &efol? Problem Solring ac: jyemajz&Sif;jcif;
    \ &efolyif jzpfygonf/
    pmtkyfxJutwdkif; jyefcs
    a&;Ekdif? ra&;Ekdifppfaq;aom
    ]]wku
    d pf pf}} onf Factual Recall
    yif jzpfygonf/
    ,ck t mPm\ t&d y f u d k
    z,fum 'Drkdua&pDa&;odkY a&S;
    Iaeaomumv ausmif;y&d
    0kPfrsm;twGif;wGif ]]wdkufppf}}
    &Sdaeao;onfqdkvQif q&m?
    q&mrwdkYudk,fwkdifu tmPm
    t&dyfatmufu rvGwfajrmuf
    EkdifMujcif;yif jzpfygonf/ ig
    a&;wJh igawG;wJh? igwGufwJh? ig
    csufwJhtwkdif; a&;? ra&;? awG;
    rawG;? wGuf rwGuf? csuf rcsuf
    wku
    d pf pfMunfah om "avh/
    ausmif;y&d0kPfawGxJrSm
    ]]wkdufppf}} &yfygawmh/ /

    c&D;udk pdwf&if;apwemt&if;cH
    jzihf vdIufvdIufvSJvSJrBudKqkdEkdif
    &ef taMumif;r&S[
    d x
    k ifro
    d nf/
    oGm;BudKMuolawGtm;vHk;xJrSm
    vnf; pufHkrS rqifrjcif acsm
    qGcJ cH MhJ u&onfh tvkyo
    f rav;
    awGrSty tm;vHk;rSm pdwf&if;
    apwemtrSerf sm;omjzpfMuvdrhf
    rnf[k arQmv
    f ih,
    f MkH unfro
    d nf/
    odkYaomf wpfck&SdonfrSm
    EkdifiHawmforwBuD;[k qkdvifh
    upm; a':atmifqef;pkMunfukd
    BudKqkdolOD;a&ESihf orwBuD;udk

    BudKqkdolOD;a&csif;awmh wlcsif
    rSwlayvdrhfrnf/
    tu,f p if p pf vl w k d i f ;
    onf rdrdpkdufaomoD;ESHudkom
    rdrd &dwfodrf;Mu&onfcsnf;jzpf
    onf/
    xkdpum;rSefvQif..

    a':atmif q ef ; pk M unf
    jynf o l E S i h f t wl pk d u f c J h o nf h
    tyifu aiG&wkwkdifawmhrnf/
    tESpftom; tyGihftcufa0
    vSNyD/
    jynfoEl iS t
    fh wl orwBu;D

    pkdufcJhonfh tyifu a':atmif


    qef;pkMunfenf;wl rsKd;aumif;
    rsKd;oefYrSefayjim; wpfESpfcGJom;
    rQom &Sdao;onf/
    rnfodkYqkdap orwBuD;\
    jzLpifaom apwem? arwmwdkY
    udk uREkfyfwkdYjynfolrsm;u t
    <uif;rJh,Hkonf/ ,HkMunfrIESihf
    twlvnf; arQmfvihftm;xm;
    onf/
    ,HkMunftm;xm;Muonfh
    twkdif;vnf; orwBuD;tay:
    wpfpxufwpfp axmufcHol

    awG wkd;rsm;vmMurnfrSm rvGJ


    {uefjzpfrnf[kvnf; ,HkMunf
    aerdonf/
    xkdYaMumifhyif EkdifiHawmf
    orwBuD;\ aemufc&D;pOfwpf
    ckckrS tjyefc&D; avqdyfodkY pdwf
    &if;apwem &ifckefoHtjynfh
    ESihf jynfolrsm;u vIdufvSJysLiSm
    BuKd qMdkurnfjzpf&m ]]acwfa[mif;
    rS csKv
    d rd t
    f a[mif;Bu;D udk pdv
    Yk suf
    om;ESihf rvmcJyh geJaY wmh udck dek D
    &,f...}} [kom ajymvdkuf&if;
    jzifh/ /

    armifomcsKd

    ausmif;y&d0kPftwGif; wkdufppfqifjcif;
    [k qkdygonf/ xkdckHeHygwf&Sifu
    bmom&yfwidk ;f vdv
    k w
    kd iG f trSwf
    aumif;aumif; jrifhjrifhawG&
    xm;Ny;D wpfcw
    k nf;aom bmom
    tvGefnh Hzsif;pkwfjywfonfh
    trSwfudkom&xm;onf[k qdk
    ygonf/
    wGif q&m? q&mrBuD;
    tcsKdUwdkY oHo,jzpfum xkd
    nH h z sif ; pk w f j ywf o nf h tajz
    vTmudk xkwfMunfh&m acgif;em;
    yef;BuD;oGm;Mu&onf[k qkdyg
    onf/
    taMumif;rSm tvGefw&m
    tqift
    h wef;jrifo
    h nfh t*Fvyd f
    pm ta&;tom;jzif h bmom
    &yfudk ydkifydkifEkdifEkdif ajzqdkxm;
    aMumif; awGUvku
    d &f aomaMumifh
    [k qdkygonf/ odkYjzifh xdktajz
    vTmppfaq;onfh enf;jyq&m
    rudk ac:&ygonf/ b,fvdkppf
    aq;ovJ ar;&ygonf/ q&mr
    uvnf; dk;dk;om;om;yJ jzpfyg
    onf/ rnfonhf ya,m*wpfpkH
    wpf&mrS r&Sdyg/


    ol u yd k Y c scsuf pmtk y f
    udk vufudkifxm;aom q&mr
    uav;jzpfygonf/ ydkYcscsufxJ
    u 0gusawG? pmydk'fawGudk olt
    ukefrSwfrdonf/ ,cktajzvTm
    xJu 0gusawG? pmydk'fawGudk
    olwpfcgrS rawGUzl;/ odkYjzifh ydkYcs
    csupf mtkyBf uD;udk a&SUwGicf sum
    wk d u f M unf h o nf / rwl / vk H ; 0
    rwl/ odkYjzifh trSwfudk awmfpG
    avsmfpGay;um csxm;vkdufcJh
    jcif;jzpfygonf/ q&mBuD;? q&m
    rBuD ; wd k Y &,f v nf ; &,f ? arm
    vnf; arm? xdkq&mruav;ukd
    vnf ; oG e f o if q k H ; rum jyef
    vnfjyifqifppfaq;ay;cJhMu&
    aMumif ; Zmwf v rf ; yif jzpf y g
    onf/
    ]]aemufrS od&wmu tJ'D
    pmajzolu rdbawGtvkyfwm
    0efaMumifh jynfyrSmawmfawmf
    MumMum aecJhzl;wJholwJh ...
    t*Fvdyfpm ta&;tom; odyf
    aumif;wm? usKyfwdkY q&mru
    ydkYcscsuf pmtkyfeJY wkdufNyD; ppf

    pm-26? csKdvdrfBuD;eJY udkcdkeD rS


    ]]tm;vHk;[m jynfolawG
    tay:rlwnfygw,f/ jynfol
    awG u vuf c H & if uRef a wmf
    vnf; vufcHrSmyg/ a':atmif
    qef;pkMunfeJY uRefawmfwkdYMum;
    rSm bmjyemrSr&Sdygbl;}}[l
    \/
    xkdrQru tar&duefEkdifiH
    \ jrefrmEkdifiHtay: pD;yGm;a&;
    ydwfqkdYxm;rIrsm; jyefvnfkyf
    odrf;a&;rStp ajymcJhMuaom
    tjcm;pum;rsm;pGmwkdYvnf;
    wkdif;jynftusKd;pD;yGm;ay: ESpf

    OD;om; nDw
    G pf mG pum;twGi;f
    om;csif;awG csdwfqufnDGwf
    vSyaecJhMuonf/ xkdYaMumifhyif
    EkdifiHawmforwBuD;\ tar&d
    um;c&D;pOfonf urmhEkdifiHt
    oD;oD;rS csD;rGrf;axmyemjyKcJh
    Mu&onfh c&D;pOfwpfck jzpfcJh
    onf/
    xkaYd Mumifv
    h nf; 'Dru
    dk a&pD
    tajymif;tvJudk ESpfaygif;rsm;
    pGm &ifwrrjzihf arQmfvihfapmihf
    pm;aecJ h M u&onf h uREk f y f w k d Y
    taejzihf orwBuD;\ tjyef

    32

    Opinion

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    uRefawmfESifh

    t,f'DwmcsKyf aomif;pkNidrf;

    trIaqmift,f'Dwm tm;rmef? Nidrf;Nidrf;Ekdif

    pmrsufESmzGJUpnf;rIESifh apmpnfolrdk;
    'DZdkif;t,f'Dwm


    owif;t,f'Dwm at;jrausmf? oD[?
    aevif;atmif? ar0if;rGef

    bmomjyef &Jrif;? ausmfrsKd;OD;


    owif;axmufcsKyf atmifol&

    'k-owif;axmufcsKyf aevif;xGef;? jynfodrf;?



    AdkvfAdkvf0if;

    tBuD;wef;owif;axmuf


    tdjzLrGef? tdjzLvGif? odrfhodrfhpdk;?


    ,kZeudkudk? 0wf&nfatmif?
    Oumudkudk? jrwfpkrGef? at;olpH?
    oef;aX;? ZmZmEdk? oef;xl;


    owif;axmufrsm; ausmfoD[? at;jrwfol?
    MuLMuL[ef
    i,fwef;owif;axmuf
    t




    "mwfyHkowif;axmuf

    &efrsdK;Edkif? cdkifxGef;?
    at;rif;xuf? cs,f&Djrifh?
    atmifcdkifarmif?
    rif;[def;ausmf? cifNidrf;csrf;pdk;?
    cdkifcsdKEG,f
    a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    rEav;owif;axmuf pdkif;omatmif? nDnDaZmf



    e,fowif;axmuf



    pmjyift,f'Dwm

    rsdK;rif;OD;? apm&efEkdif?
    qef;GefY(a&eHacsmif;)?
    armifuH
    vSxG#fOD;

    'DZdkifem cspfAkdvfAkdvf? &Sdef;&Sdef;xdkuf


    vufaxmuf'DZdkifem EG,frGefNzdK;


    uGefysLwmpmpD pef;pef;? arZifodef;aZmf?
    bkef;jrifh[ef? aZmf0if;atmif

    okyfazmf pkd;aomfwm

    jyifyqufoG,fa&; oufydkifa|;

    vkd*dk'DZdkif; ausmufqnf


    b@ma&; uvsmatmif? oJodrfhodrfhNzdK;?
    NzdK;olZmatmif
    aMumfjimwm0efcH rdk;yy? vif;vif;OD;? ESif;a0a0
    xkwfa0ol OD;rsdK;vdIifatmif

    yHkESdyfpuf ok0Pod*yHkESdyfwdkuf
    zvif Sunn Colour Separation

    apmifa& 35000

    a&mif;aps; 450 usyf


    - Diamond Centre (G-12)
    ajrnDxyf? wdkuf (B)? trSwf(497)? jynfvrf;? (8)&yfuGuf?
    urm&GwfNrdKYe,f? &efukefNrdKY/
    zkef;- 512887? 513515~519? 09 73224541/
    zufpf - 513519
    7Day News *sme,fwkduf

    Website : www.7daynewsjournal.com
    E-mail : [email protected]

    Hotline : 0973032006

    Galaxy Ace

    rsKd;atmif(tNidrf;pm;)

    uReaf wmf ]yifpifem} (Pensioner)onf touf 70 &SNd yjD zpfaomfvnf; vufuidk zf ek ;f udk Nokia trsK;d tpm;udo
    k m ukid o
    f ;kH aeonfrmS ig;ESpf
    awmifausmcf yhJ gNy/D uReaf wmf uRr;f usiw
    f mqkv
    d Ykd zke;f ac:r,f? zke;f vm&ifajymr,f 'Davmufyv
    J yk w
    f wfygw,f/ bmjyemrSvnf;r&Syd gbl;/
    'gayrJh uReaf wmfeYJ pae aeY
    naewkdif; a*gufuGif;rSm awGU
    aewJh oli,fcsif;awGtm;vHk;
    u iPhone? Galaxy SIII? HTC?
    Huawei awGeJYcsnf;yJ/ rdwfaqG
    wpfa,mufrsm;qk&d if zke;f ESpv
    f ;kH
    awmif&Sdao;/ [dkzkef;u jrnf
    vdkuf? 'Dzkef;ujrnfvkdufeJY vuf
    awmifrvnfbl;/ olYudkMunfh&
    wm uRefawmfyg pdwfarmvm
    w,f/ pum;aumif;aumif; r
    ajymEkdifbl;/ ajymr,fvkyf&if;
    zkef;jrnf&if;aygh/
    xm;ygawmhav.../
    uRefawmf wpfaeYusawmh
    Touch Screen ygwJhzkef;wpfvHk;
    vdkcsifpdwf b,fuae b,fvdk
    jzpfoGm;vJrodygbl;/ l;w,f
    yJajymajym vdkcsifpdwfuawmh
    ydkNyD;qkd;vmwm aocsmygw,f/
    t*Fvdyfvdkqkd&ifawmh Peer
    Pressure ayghAsm/ ywf0ef;usif
    &JUaphaqmfrv
    I v
    Ykd nf; ajymvd&Yk yg
    w,f/
    'geJYyJ uRefawmfvnf; rdwf
    aqGawGTef;wJh yg&rDvrf;u
    ]vlBu;D rif;zke;f qkid }f udk a&mufomG ;
    ygava&m/ zk e f ; awG u vnf ;
    Brand trsKd ; rsKd ; ? Function
    awGuvnf; pHkvdkYygyJ/ ukd,fu
    touf v nf ; &vmNyD ; acwf
    aemufuseaf eawmhrodwmawG
    vnf; rsm;wmayghav/ 'gaMumifh
    qkdifu 0efxrf;awGudk ar;&rSm
    awmiftm;emrdygw,f/ 'Dvekd yYJ J
    ukd,fodcsifwJh Function awGudk
    a&;csNyD; qkdifu uav;rav;
    udkjyvdkufw,f/ olYMunfh&wm
    awmfawmfav; zkef;taMumif;
    em;vnfuRrf;usifyHk&ygw,f/
    uRefawmfhudk pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf
    eJ&Y iS ;f jyw,f/ 'Dv]kd yifpifem}BuD;
    udk &Si;f jyzdq
    Yk &dk if awmfpkH w
    d &f n
    S f
    rIeJYr&bl;av/
    wkw
    d akd jym&&if aps;EIe;f oihf
    wifhwJh Samsung Galaxy Ace
    udk0,fjzpfcJhygw,f/ zkef;aps;u
    188000 usyfyg/ 'gayrJh Application awG? tifwmeufawG?
    jrefrm Font awGxnfh vdu
    k af wmh
    aps;EI e f ; u usyf E S p f o d e f ; ig;
    aomif;0ef;usiaf vmuf usomG ;
    wmaygh/
    uJ - zkef;vnf;&a&m oif
    wef;uawmh pygNyD/ zkef;ac:
    enf;? ydwfenf;? Contacts &Sm
    enf;? Gmail toHk;jyKyHk? pmkduf
    enf;? kd;dk;pmvHk;? pmvHk;tBuD;
    a&;enf; ponfudk qkdifu 0ef
    xrf;ujyay;ygw,f/ uReaf wmfh
    udk zke;f oH;k wmoifay;wJu
    h av;
    rav;u touf 20 ausmf
    avmufyJ&Sdr,f/ yg;pyfuvnf;
    ajym? vufuvnf;kdufjy? jref
    vGef;vdkY cPcP jyefjyckdif;&
    w,f/ 'gukdyJMunfhav/ vli,f
    eJ Y v l B uD ; touf w if u G m wm

    r[kwfyg/ OD;aESmufoif,lrIu
    vnf; uGmw,fqw
    kd modvu
    kd yf g
    awmhw,f/

    oif w ef ; uawmh vG , f
    vG , f e J Y rNyD ; ao;yg/ Gmial ?
    Skype? Viber pwmawGudk zGihf
    enf;ydwef nf;awGuykd g oif,&l
    ygao;w,f/ Mumvmawmh OD;
    aES m uf u Hang jzpf v mcsif
    w,f / 'geJ Y uav;rav;ud k
    aemuf r S quf o if y g&apvd k Y
    awmif;yefNyD; wpfaeYwmoif
    wef;udkem;cJhygw,f/
    tdrfvnf; a&mufa&m zkef;
    udkzGihfMunfhw,f/ tkdauygyJ/
    uReaf wmfn
    h rD &JUzke;f udak c:Munfh
    w,f/ 'gvnf;&aeNy/D 'geJYcvkwf
    awGudk qufESdyfMunfhvdkuf? ydwf
    vdu
    k v
    f yk rf w
    d ,f/aMomf..]]arsmuf
    tkef;oD;&w,f}} qkdwm 'gyJjzpf
    r,fvdkYawG;rd w,f/
    paeaeY naevnf;a&muf
    a&m xHk;pHtwkdif; a*gufuGif;u
    oli,fcsif;awGvnf; zkef;rac:
    vmbl;vdaYk wG;Ny;D apmifah ew,f/
    aemufawmh tdrfa&SUrSmaewJh
    oli,fcsif;uvmNyD; ]]rif; zkef;
    yd w f x m;wmvm;}} qk d N yD ; ar;
    w,f/ csufcsif;yJ zkef;udkMunfh
    vdkufawmh av,mOfyHkuav;
    ay:aew,f/ tJ'g Flight Mode
    qdkwm aemufrSod&w,f/ av
    ,mOftwuftqif; zkef;roHk;&
    atmif cPydwfxm;wJhcvkwf
    jzpfw,f/ aMomf.. 'gaMumifh
    udk;/
    zkef;yGifhoGm;NyD;aemuf zkef;
    ac:oHMum;w,f/ 'geJY zkef;udk
    aumufukdifvdkufNyD; ]][,fvdk?
    [,fvdk}}qkdNyD; tBudrfaygif;rsm;
    pG m ajymaerd j yef a &m/ 'gayrJ h
    bmoH r S rMum;&bl ; / aemuf
    awmhrS zkef;&JU Screen ukd nm
    bufwGef;vdkufrS toHMum;&
    w,f/ qkdifrSmwkef;u q&mr
    av;uawmh oifay;vdu
    k rf mS yg/
    'gayrJh uRefawmfhrSwfPfawG
    uatmufaeNyD/
    aemufwpfqifh EkdifiHjcm;
    ud k tD ; ar;vf y d k Y r ,f a ygh a emf /
    ar;vfqkdwJh ]M}jyxm;wJhcvkwf

    ud k ES d y f v d k u f w ,f / pmk d u f z k d Y

    Compose Mail udk ESdyfvdkuf


    awmh Email Address ESihf Subject awGay:vmw,f/ uJ- pm
    pdkufygNyD/ Key awGudk b,fvdk
    ESdyfESdyfray:vmygbl;/ Cursor

    udkESdyfvdkufawmhrS qufdkufvdkY
    &awmhw,f/
    NyD;awmh Screen u odyf
    Ny;D El;nHah wmh ]W}udEk ydS &f if ]E}jzpf?
    ]A}udkESdyf&if ]S}jzpf ponfjzihf
    uarmufurawGjzpfaeawmh
    wmyJ/ 'gawmif wkdwkdav;kduf
    wmudk tcsdef 15 rdepfavmuf
    ay;vdkuf&w,f/ toufBuD;rS
    vufay;oifae&wJh acG;vdkrsKd;
    jzpfaeawmhwmaygh/ ukd,fh[m
    ukd,fjyefNyD; tm;ay;&awmhwm
    ygyJ/ ]]pdwf&Snf&r,f/ 'gjy
    emr[kwfbl;/ pdefac:rIawGvdkY
    cH,l&r,f}}qkdwmaygh/
    uRefawmf aemufwpfaeY
    uawmh wpfqifhwufNyD; prf;
    oyfjyefygw,f/ 'guawmh zkef;
    u tif w meuf u d k z G i h f N yD ; GTalk udk 0ifMunfhwmygyJ/ pm
    dkufwmvnf; trSm;enf;vm
    w,f/ wkd;wufvmwJh oabm
    aygh a emf / tauseyf B uD ; aus
    eyfaerdygawmhw,f/ 'gayrJh
    aeYv,f tifwmeufudk wpfcg
    jyefzGihfwJhtcgusawmh olYtvdk
    vdk ]ON}aewmawGU&w,f/ 'Dvkd
    rsKd; zGihf&ufBuD;jzpfaewm ig;em
    &D a vmuf & S d N yD / 'k u y gyJ q k d w J h
    pum;vHk;wpfvHk;uvGJNyD; bmrS
    rajymwwf ? jyef v nf ; ryd w f
    wwfaygh/ cvkwfwpfckESdyfzdkYt
    wGuf ]vlBuD;rif;}qDajy;&r,fqdk
    &ifvnf; "mwfqDzkd;awmif r
    umrdygbl;/ oifcef;pmayghAsm/
    Touch Screen u vuf
    rNird w
    f o
    hJ ?l vufwek w
    f o
    hJ q
    l &dk if
    b,fvrkd rS jzpfb;l / cvkww
    f pfck
    udkESdyfwJhtcg enf;enf;av;rS
    trSm;rcHbl;/ b,fnmtwdrf;
    tapmif;vnf;rcHbl;/ pl;pdkufrI
    (Concentration )tjynfh&SdrS
    &w,f/ orm"daumif;zkdYvdktyf
    ygw,f/ pmku
    d v
    f Ykd awGUwJt
    h rSm;
    awGajymjy&&ifawmh trsm;BuD;

    ygyJav/ wjznf;jznf;awmh rSef


    vnf;rSefvmovdk jrefvnf;jref
    vmygw,f/
    'DvdkeJY Galaxy u User
    Friendly jzpfvmw,f/ Gmail?
    G-Talk awG w if ruygbl ; /
    Skype ? Viber pwmawGa&m?
    SMS a&m ydkYwwfvmw,f/ zkef;
    uawmh Connection ay:rSm
    rlwnfwmayghaemf/ uae'geJY
    ajymwmawmif NrdKUwGif;rSmajym
    ovdk MunfMunfvifvifMum;
    &w,f/
    tckqkd&if vrf;oGm;&if;
    "mwfyHkdkufMunfhw,f/ 5MP
    qkdawmh yHkawGu xifxif&Sm;
    &Sm;jrif&w,f/ vQyw
    f pfjyufjrif
    vdkuf&wJh[m Oyrm-vrf;ab;
    aps;onf a wG ? pD w ef ; vrf ;
    avQmuf q E j ywmawG ? ,mOf
    wkdufrIawG ponfjzihf dkufNyD;
    *sme,fwkdufawmif ydkYvdkY&NyD/
    Photo Journalist awmif vkyf
    csifvmao;w,f/

    raeY u awmh Z a w g y i
    One udk Install vkyfNyD; jrefrm
    pmkdufMunfhawmh t*Fvdyfpm
    xuf trsm;BuD;cufw,fqw
    dk m
    awGU&w,f/ ]]bOD; a&ul;ae
    onf}}qkdwJhpmwef;udk 15rdepf
    avmufu
    kd v
    f u
    kd &f w,f/ jrefrm
    Font xnfhw,fqkdwmuvnf;
    t,f'DwmhxHay;pma&;zdkY? tcg
    tcGio
    hf ifv
    h Ykd a&;p&mtaMumif;
    ay:vm&ifa&;zkaYd yghaemf/aemuf
    NyD; 0ufbfqkdufawGrSmay:wJh
    Myanmar Blog awGudk zwf
    csifwmvnf; ygwmayghaemf/
    owif;OD;owif;xl;awGukd OD;OD;
    zsm;zsm; zwf c sif w J h arQmf v ih f
    csufuav;eJYayghav/

    uRefawmfhvkd yifpifem
    tvkyfvufrJhawGudk rQa0csif
    wmav;&Sdygw,f/ Galaxy &NyD;
    uwnf;u uRefawmfhtwGuf
    wpfaeYrSm 24em&D&SdwJhtcsdef
    av;[m enf;aeao;w,fvdkY
    awmif xif&ygao;w,f/ t
    aemuf Ek d i f i H a wG r S m &S d w J h t
    ouft&G,fBuD;wJholawG jzpf
    avh&SdwJh twdwfarha&m*g (Alzheimer ) rjzpf c sif & if vuf
    udik zf ek ;f wpfv;kH 0,fNy;D urmBuD;
    eJYa&m rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;
    awGeJYyg tquftoG,frjywf
    atmif tNrJ q uf o G , f a eyg/
    pdwf"mwfusrI (Depression)
    awG? txD;usefaewmawG vHk;
    0rjzpfap&bl;vdkY tmrcH&Jyg
    w,f/
    (rSwfcsuf-aqmif;yg;onf
    b0vG w f a jrmuf a &;twG u f
    avmukw&mw&m;rsm; usihfBuH
    tm;xkwfaeaom uRefawmfhol
    i,f c sif ; rd w f a qG r sm;twG u f
    r[kwfygaMumif; today;tyf
    ygonf/)

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    tD;,lydkYukefrsm; txl;tcGefoufomEIef; tjrefqHk;&&Sda&;


    yg0ifaqmif&Gufay;&ef vkyfief;&Sifrsm; tpkd;&ukd wdkufwGef;
    oef;aX;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 2
    jrefrmha&xGufukefrsm; Oa&my
    or*tzGJU0ifEkdifiHrsm;(tD;,l)
    odYkwify&Ykd mwGiftxl;tcGeo
    f uf
    omEIef;xm;(*sDtufpfyD) cHpm;
    cGihf&&Sd&ef tqifhrsm;pGm vdkae
    ao;aomaMumifh tvsiftjref
    &&Sd&ef EkdifiHawmftpdk;&rS yg0if
    aqmif & G u f a y;&ef w k d u f w G e f ;
    xm;aMumif; jrefrmEdik if aH &xGuf
    ukef ypnf;xkwfvkyfolrsm;ESihf
    ydkYukefvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;
    b@ma&;rSL; a'gufwmwk;d eEm
    wifu ajymonf/
    ]]tm;vHk;u qef&Sif(pD;yGm;
    a&;ydwq
    f rYdk )I ajzavQmah y;vdu
    k f
    &if *sDtufpfyD csufcsif;&awmh
    r,fvdkY xifaeMuw,f/ &r,f
    vdkYawmh tm;vHk;uajymw,f/
    Ekid if w
    H umtpnf;ta0;awGrmS
    uRerf wkw
    Yd ufciG &fh &if 'gudk t"d
    uxm;Ny;D ajymygw,f/ *st
    D ufpf
    yD&vdkY&Sd&if r&wJhEkdifiHawGu

    jynfwGif;aiGvJEIef;
    ,lepf
    0,f a&mif;
    1 a':vm (tar&duef) 850
    860
    1 tufzftD;pD
    850
    860
    1 a':vm (pifumyl)
    692
    704
    1 ,ldk (Oa&myor*)
    1106 1124
    1 bwf (xdkif;)
    27.1 27.15
    1 ,Grf (wkwf)
    128
    130

    usyf
    usyf
    usyf
    usyf
    usyf
    usyf

    2012 atmufwdkbm 6 &uf aygufaps;EIef;jzpfonf/

    "mwfyHk - a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    tat;cef;pufkHwpfck

    awmif uRefrwdkYqDrSm ukefacsm


    vmxk w f v d k Y & ygw,f / jynf y
    wifydkYwJhtcg tcGefu oknjzpf
    rSmrkdY tjref&zdkY tpdk;&udkwifjy
    xm;w,f}}[k if;uajymonf/
    tqkdygudptm; pufwif
    bm 25&ufwGif EkdifiHawmfor
    wHk;0efBuD;Xme jynfaxmifpk

    0efBuD; OD;wifEkdifodef;ESifh International

    Management

    rS pDrHudef;ndEdIif;a&;rSL;
    rpvif'gb,f&w
    D Ydk aejynfawmf
    wGif ndEdIif;cJhaMumif; owif;
    &&Sdonf/
    tqkdygaqG;aEG;yGJwGif jref
    rmEkdifiHtm; tD;,lEkdifiHrsm;rS

    Group

    GSP (Generalized System of

    tcGihfta&;ay;
    Ekdif&eftwGuf jrefrmhxGufukef
    rsm;tm; tD;,ltqifhrD t&nf
    taoG;jzpfap&ef uRrf;usifol
    rsm;u vma&mufaqG;aEG;rnf
    jzpfaMumif; rpvif'gb,f&Du
    pm(34)odkY
    ajymonf/

    Preferences)

    1 a':vm
    0.6196
    1 a':vm
    0.7672
    1 a':vm
    78.65
    1 a':vm
    6.284
    1 a':vm
    51.90
    1 a':vm
    1.2288
    1 a':vm 1109.82
    1 a':vm
    3.053
    1 a':vm
    30.55
    1 a':vm 9584.00
    1 a':vm 20860.00
    1 a':vm
    41.44
    1 a':vm
    7.7516
    1 a':vm
    0.9816
    1 a':vm
    1.2219
    1 a':vm
    0.9785
    1 a':vm
    30.9953
    1 a':vm
    3.6728

    aygif
    ,ldk
    ,ef;
    ,Grf
    lyD;
    a':vm
    0rf
    &if;*pf
    bwf
    lyD;,m;
    a'gif
    yDqdk
    a':vm
    a':vm
    a':vm
    a':vm
    lb,f
    'g&rf

    (NAdwdef)
    (Oa&myor*)
    (*syef)
    (wkwf)
    (tdEd,)
    (pifumyl)
    (udk&D;,m;)
    (rav;&Sm;)
    (xdkif;)
    (tif'dkeD;&Sm;)
    (AD,uferf)
    (zdvpfydkif)
    (a[mifaumif)
    (MopaMw;vs)
    (e,l;ZDvef)
    (uae'g)
    (k&Sm;)
    (UAE)

    'Dyg0vDyJGawmf eD;vm tdEd,rS t0,fvkdufum yJrsKd;pkH aps;jrifhwuf


    jynfodrf;? odrfhodrhfpdk;
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-6
    tdEd,EkdifiHwGif 'Dyg0vDyJGawmf
    umv eD;vmojzifh yJrsKd;pkH0,f
    ,lrIwufvmNyD; aps;EIef;vnf;
    jrifw
    h ufvmaMumif; jrefrmEkid if H
    yJErS ;f toif;rS owif;&&So
    d nf/
    jynfwGif; yJaps;uGufwGif
    pufwifbmvqef;u xGuaf y:
    chJonfh yJukefonfESpfOD; tIyf
    t&Sif;aMumifh aps;EIef;twuf
    tus Murf;NyD; ta&mif;t0,f

    usomG ;cJo
    h nf/ xkt
    Yd jyif tdE,
    d
    rS pufwifbm yJtxGufudk csdef
    xdef;NyD;0,fcJhojzifh aps;at;
    cJhonf/
    ]]tdE,
    d u t0,fvu
    dk v
    f m
    &if aps;wufvmw,f/ t0,f
    enf;&if aps;usoGm;w,f/ a&SU
    qufNyD; t0,fjyefvkdufr,fvdkY
    awmh rSef;xm;w,f}} [k tqdk
    ygtoif;rS taxGaxGtwGif;
    a&;rSL; OD;rif;udkOD;u qkdonf/
    jynfwiG ;f aps;uGuf ,ck&uf

    ydik ;f twGi;f rwfyJ FAQ trsKd;t


    pm;wpfwefvQif FOB usyf ig;
    odef;xd aps;jyefjzpfvmonf/
    ,if;rwfyrJ mS ,cif&ufowywf
    u FOB wpfwefvQif 480000
    usyf0ef;usifom &Sdonf/
    ]]aps;jyef w uf v mawmh
    ta&mif;t0,f jyefjzpfw,f/
    yrmPawmh enf;w,f/ trsm;
    BuD;awmh rwufEkdifao;bl;}} [k
    ukefpnf'dkifrS yJukefonfwpfOD;
    u qkdonf/

    vuf & S d yJ a ps;uG u f w G i f


    rwfyJrSm ta&mif;t0,frsm;NyD;
    yJpif;ikHESifh yJwDpdrf;(c&rf;a&T0g)
    wd k Y r S ta&mif ; t0,f e nf ; ae
    ao;aMumif; od&onf/ tdEd,
    aps;uGufrS 0,f,lrIrsm;onhf
    yJpif;ikHrSmvnf; wpfwefvQif
    FOB
    565000 usyf r S
    585000 usyf x d aps;wuf
    vm onf/ yJwpD rd ;f rSm ydm 60
    wpftw
    d v
    f Qif 72000 usyo
    f m
    aps;&Sdonf/

    ypnf;
    ,lepf

    a&T
    1 atmifp
    a&eHpdrf;
    pnf
    aiG
    1 atmifp
    aMu;eD
    aygif
    obm0"mwfaiGU mmbtu

    aps;EIef;
    (uefa':vm)
    1780.800
    112.020
    34.572
    377.800
    3.396

    2012 atmufwdkbm 6 &uf urmhaygufaps;EIef;jzpfonf/

    34

    Business

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    a&vkyfief;rsm;wGif tvkyform;tcufawGUae
    rdk;ndK
    zsmyHk? atmufwdkbm-5
    {&m0wDwidk ;f a'oBuD;twGi;f &Sd
    a&vkyfief;vkyfukdifaom aus;
    &GmtcsdKUwGif tvkyform; iSm;
    &rf;&ef tvGefcufcJaeNyD; ESpf
    pOfvkyfom;trsm;pk xGufajy;
    wdrf;a&SmifrIrsm; ay:aygufae
    aMumif; zsmyHkcdkif trmNrdKUe,f
    cGJ aemufNrD;aus;&GmrS a&vkyf
    ief;&Sifrsm;u ajymonf/
    vkyfief;wpfckvQif ESpfpOf
    ysrf;rQ vkyfom; 20 rS 30 ausmf

    twGif; xGufajy;wdrf;a&SmifrI
    rsm; jzpfay:aeNy;D ,if;vkyo
    f m;
    rsm;tm; BudKwifaiGrsm; xkwf
    ay;xm;aomaMumifh vkyfief;
    &SiftcsdKU epfemrIrsm;ESihfvnf;
    BuHKawGUae&onf[k aemufNrD;
    aus;&GmrS &yfrem;tvkyf ykH idk &f iS f
    OD;oef;xG#fuajymonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiH\ ig;yd? ig;
    ajcmuf? ykpeG af jcmufvyk if ef;rsm;
    \ ESpfpOf 80 &mckdkifEIef;rSm ,if;
    aemufNr;D aus;&GmrS t"duxGuf
    &SdNyD; ,if;vkyfief;rsm;twGuf

    tvkyfHkwpfHkvQif ysrf;rQvkyf
    om; 200 ausmfrS 300 ausmf
    txd toHk;jyKae&NyD; vkyfom;
    rsm; iS m ;&rf ; &ef &S m ;yg;aeNyD
    vnf;jzpfonf[kaemufNr;D aus;
    &Gm urf;a0;a&vkyfief;&Sifrsm;
    toif;Ou| OD;0if;a&Tu ajym
    onf/
    ]]tvkyf&Sifu tapmBuD;
    uwnf;u ajymw,f/ 'Dvkyf
    ief;u yifyef;r,f/ wu,fvkyf
    EkdifrS pmcsKyfcsKyfvkdY ajymw,f/
    BuKd wifaiG vdck siaf wmh Ny;D pvG,f

    "mwfyHk - a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    acgif;ndwfw,f/ wu,fvkyf&
    awmh rvkyfEkdifbJ xGufajy;Mu
    w,f}}[k aemufNr;D aus;&GmrS a&

    vkyif ef;wpfcw
    k iG f 0ifa&mufvyk f
    udkifaeol tvkyform;wpfOD;
    uajymonf/
    tcsdKUaom tvkyform;
    trsm;pkrSmrl tajccHtwef;y
    nmtm;enf;jcif;? tvky&f mS ay;
    olyGJpm;\ pum;ukd ,Hkrdjcif;?
    Bud K wif a iG & ,l x m;rd vk y f
    udik af y;ae&jcif;? rvkyEf idk b
    f Jt
    vkyfrS EkwfxGufrnfqkdygu BudK
    wifaiG\ oHk;qudk jyefvnfay;
    avsmf&rnfjzpfjcif;? vkyfief;&m
    oDNyD;pD;atmif vkyfudkifygrnf
    qdkaom pmcsKyfyg tcsufrsm;
    aMumifh tvkyform; trsm;pk
    rSm ,if;tajctaersm;ESihf BuHK
    awG U ae&onf [ k ZvG e f N rd K UrS
    ,if;aemufNrD;aus;&GmwGif vm
    a&mufvkyfudkifol trsdK;orD;
    tvkyo
    f rm;wpfO;D u ajymonf/
    ]]yGJpm;uajymawmh t&dyf
    xJrSm ykpGefa&G;? ig;a&G;kHav;vdkY
    ajymw,f / 'D a &muf a wmh t
    jcm;tvkyfawG vkyf&w,f/ pm
    csKyrf csKycf if rvkyEf idk b
    f ;l vkYd jiif;
    vkdYr&awmhbl;/ bmaMumihfvJ
    qdak wmh jyefp&mvrf;p&dwrf S r&Sd
    wm}}[k &yfrem;yGJHkrS tvkyfo
    rm;trsdK;orD; rEG,fEG,fOD;u
    ajymonf/
    ,if;&Gm&Sd tvkyo
    f rm;rsm;
    &SmazGay;ol tusKd ;aqmiftrsKd ;
    orD; a':jrjraX;url rdrdrSm t
    vkyform;&SmazGcGihf rSwfyHkwif&
    &Sdxm;NyD; w&m;0ifvkyfaqmif
    ay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;? tvkyfo
    rm;rsm;tm; vrf;p&dwftukef

    tusc
    H ac:aqmifay;Ny;D vkyf
    ief;&SifxHrS vrf;p&dwfudk jyef
    vnfawmif;cHaMumif;? tjcm;
    rnfonfh tcaMu;aiGrS vkyf
    om;bufrS awmif;,ljcif;r&Sd
    aMumif; ajymonf/
    ]]'Dtvkyfu yifyef;r,fvkdY
    olwdkY rvkyfcif BudKajymw,f/
    olwkdYawG cPcP xGufajy;vkdY
    rESpu
    f qdkuRerf usyq
    f ,fah jcmuf
    ode;f avmuf avsmv
    f u
    kd &f w,f}}
    [k txufyg tvkyform;t
    usd K ;aqmif t rsd K ;orD ; uajym
    onf/
    xkdYtjyif ,if;&Gmrsm;&Sd t
    vkyform;rsm;rSm twif;t"r
    tvkyfckdif;apaejcif;? tvkyf
    csdefrsm; ydkrdkvkyfudkifae&jcif;? t
    vkyf&Sif\ acgif;yHkjzwfrIrsm;ukd
    cHpm;ae&jcif;rSm vH;k 0r[kwrf eS f
    aMumif; aemufNrD;aus;&Gm t
    rsdK;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyfrS A
    [dkatmifEkdifa&;tzGJU0if OD;rif;
    <u,fuajymonf/
    aemufNrD;aus;&Gm tkyfcsKyf
    a&;rSL; ukdrsdK;at;\ ajymMum;
    csut
    f & ,if;&Gm&Sd tvky&f iS Ef iS fh
    tvkyo
    f rm;rsm; pmcsKyrf csKyq
    f kd
    rD aus;&Gm\ tkyfcsKyfa&;tykdif;
    wGif wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u tNrJ
    wrf ; yg0if N yD ; ,if ; wd k Y qE o
    abmtwkdif;om csKyfqkdjcif;jzpf
    aMumif; aemufNrD;aus;&GmwGif
    tdrfajc 2000 ausmf&SdNyD; a&
    vkyfief;vkyfukdifonfh vkyfief;
    aygif; 56 ck&adS Mumif; od&onf/

    pm(33) - tD;,lydkYukefrsm; txl;tcGefoufomEIef; tjrefqHk;&&Sda&;


    yg0ifaqmifay;&ef vkyfief;&Sifrsm; wdkufwGef; rS
    ]]tck a&xGufydkYukefvkyf
    ief;&SifwcsKdUu wGufajcrudkuf
    vdYkolwv
    Ydk yk if ef;awG cParS;xm;
    NyD; rkd;xdrdk;rda'orSm a&ToGm;
    wl;aeMuw,f}}[ka&xGuyf pn;f
    ykdYukefvkyfief;&SifwpfOD;u ajym
    onf/
    ,cif u uk e f y p n f ; rsm;
    tm; tD;,lEkdifiHrsm;odkY wifydkY&m
    wGif EkdifiHjcm;0ifaiGxJrS 10 &m
    ckdifEIef; tcGefaqmif&NyD; tD;,l
    Ekid if rH sm;rSvnf; oGi;f ukecf eG f 13
    'or 7 &mckid Ef eI ;f jzwfonf/ xkdY

    aMumifh jrefrmEkdifiHrS tD;,lodkY


    wifydkYolrsm;onf wwd,EkdifiH
    wpfckcktrnfcHum ckd;acsmifckd;
    0Suw
    f ify&Ykd avh&adS Mumif; a'guf
    wmwkd;eEmwifuajymonf/
    *sD t uf p f y D t jref & rS o m
    olrsm;EkdifiHrsm;ESihf wef;wlwif
    ydEYk idk u
    f m Ekid if aH wmftwGuf Ekid if H
    jcm;0ifaiGydkrkd&SmazGay;EkdifNyD;
    vkyfief;&Sifa&m tvkyform;
    rsm;twG u f y g tqif a jyvm
    EkdifrnfjzpfaMumif; owif;
    &&Sdonf/

    35

    Commodity Watch

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    yk*HwGif pydefc&D;oGm; xuf0ufcefYus


    ckdifcsKd
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 5
    ,ckESpf c&D;oGm;&moDwGif yk*H
    NrdKUodkY pydefc&D;oGm;{nfhonf0if
    a&mufrI 50 &mckdifEIef;cefYavsmh
    usoGm;aMumif; yk*Htajcpdkuf
    c&D;oGm;vkyfief;tcsKdUuajym
    onf/
    Zlvidk v
    f aESmif;ykid ;f rS pwif
    um pydefEkdifiHrS c&D;oGm;{nfh
    onfrsm; vma&mufrt
    I rsm;qH;k
    jzpfcJhNyD; NyD;cJhonfhESpfrsm;ESifhEdIif;
    ,SOfygu ,ckESpf pydefc&D;oGm;
    0if a &muf r I enf ; aeaMumif ;
    pydef{nfhvrf;Tefrsm;xHrSod&
    onf/
    ]]ESpfwkdif; Zlvkdif 20 &uf
    aemufykdif;qkd&if pydefawGvm
    aeMuNyD/ yHkrSefc&D;oGm;&moDu
    atmufwkdbmrSmpayr,fh pydef
    c&D;oGm;&moDu Mo*kwf? puf
    wifbmvawG/ 'DESpfawmh c&D;
    oGm;0ifa&mufrI 50 &mckdifEIef;
    avmufenf;oGm;wm}}[k aZmf
    c&D;oGm;vkyfief; refae*sm OD;
    aZmfxGef;Ekdifu ajymonf/

    if ; uyif quf v uf
    vuf&Sdtcsdefxd ,cifESpf pydef
    c&D;oGm;pHcsed u
    f kd rrDao;aMumif;?
    {nf0h ifa&mufrEI eI ;f rSm odoo
    d m
    omavsmhenf;aeao;aMumif;
    qkdonf/
    2009? 2010? 2011 ckESpf
    rsm;ESihf EdIif;,SOfygu 50 &mckdif
    EIef;cefY avsmhusoGm;jcif;jzpf
    aMumif;? pydefc&D;oGm;rsm;tae
    jzihf yk*HodkY vma&mufvnfywf
    ygu trsm;tm;jzihf ESpfntdyf

    oHk;&ufc&D;pOfjzihf vma&muf
    vnfywfwwfaMumif; {nv
    hf rf;
    Tew
    f pfO;D u ajymonf/
    ]]a&Tpnf;cHk? xD;vdkrif;vdk?
    tmeEmbk&m;awGudk t"du
    oGm;w,f/ aemuf jrif;uyg&Gm?
    rif;eefol&Gm? zGm;apm&Gm wpf
    0kduftvnfrsm;w,f}} [k pydef
    {nfhvrf;TefwpfOD;jzpfol udk
    ausmfoluajymonf/
    yk*o
    H Ykd vma&mufvnfywf
    aom jynfyc&D;oGm;rsm;xJwGif
    pyde&f moD pydev
    f rl sK;d ESifh tjcm;
    &moDrsm;wGif tm&SEkdifiHtESHYrS
    c&D ; oG m ;rsm; vma&muf v nf
    ywfrItrsm;qHk;jzpfaMumif;od&
    onf/
    ]]pydeaf wG t0ifenf;w,f
    qkdwm 'DESpf olwkdY&JU pD;yGm;a&;
    tajctaeaMumifhvdkYyJxifyg
    w,f}}[k OD;aZmfxGef;EkdifuoHk;
    oyfonf/

    pyd e f c &D ; oG m ;rsm; vm
    a&mufvnfywfygu if;wkdYt
    wGuf {nfhvrf;Tefrsm;udk yk*H
    a'owGif iSm;&rf;rIenf;yg;NyD;
    &efukefrS wpfygwnf; iSm;&rf;
    avh&SdaMumif;od&onf/
    yk*Ha'oudkjynfyc&D;oGm;
    rsm;vma&mufvnfywfrItrsm;
    qHk;&moDrSm atmufwkdbm? Ekd
    0ifbmESihf 'DZifbmvwkdY jzpf
    aMumif;? tqkdygvrsm;wGif c&D;
    oGm;{nfo
    h nfrsm;jym; [dw
    k ,f
    tcef;rvHkavmufjcif;? tcef;
    caps;EIef;rsm; jrihfwufjcif;wkdY
    jzpfwwfaMumif; yk*H[dkw,ft
    csKdUrS od&onf/

    aps;Nidrfae a&Tta&mif;t0,fat;

    [ef;qufaps;EIef;rsm;
    Samsung

    iPhone

    Model

    Price

    Galaxy S3
    Galaxy S2
    Galaxy S Plus
    Galaxy Note
    Galaxy Ace
    Galaxy Ace 2
    Galaxy Mini
    Galaxy Gio

    530,000
    380,000
    280,000
    470,000
    175,000
    250,000
    120,000
    140,000

    Today's Mobile, Best More Smart


    Mobile, Do Co Mo qdkifrS aps;EIef;rsm;

    jzpfonf/

    HTC

    Model

    Price

    HTC One V
    HTC Desire S
    HTC Explore

    233,000
    250,000
    119,000

    Model

    Price

    iPhone 4S (64 GB)


    iPhone 4S (32 GB)
    iPhone 4S (16 GB)
    iPad II (16 GB)
    iPad II (32 GB)

    780,000
    680,000
    590,000
    450,000
    530,000

    Huawei
    Model

    Price

    U 8825 (GSM)
    U 8860 (GSM)
    U 8812 (GSM)
    U 8661 (GSM)
    U 8818 (GSM)
    U 8180 (GSM)
    U 8150 (GSM)

    143,000
    199,000
    140,000
    95,000
    137,000
    68,000
    65,000

    atmufwdkbm(6)&uf aps;EIef;rsm;jzpfNyD; aps;EIef;tajymif;tvJ&SdEdkifonf/

    tDvufx&Gefepfypnf;rsm;aps;EIef;
    trsKd;tpm;
    Toshiba (LCD)

    TV

    armf',f

    aps;EIef;(usyf)

    32BX10T

    205,000

    32SC4S

    230,000

    32BX

    255,000

    LZE 21-28

    85,000

    8082

    20,000

    EVD(Sony)

    DVK75

    20,000

    LG

    DV808

    21,000

    8TMI

    27,000

    Panasonic(LCD)
    Sony (LCD)
    Toshiba (TV)
    EVD (coeco)

    EVD (AEK)

    Samsung

    DVD

    a&cJaowm

    RA20F17

    160,000

    190W

    230,000

    NR.BT223

    225,000

    Samsung

    WA85V3

    150,000

    Samsung

    WT10J

    145,000

    Chigo

    1.0HP

    195,000

    Mitsubishi

    1.0HP

    230,000

    Samsung

    1.0HP

    190,000

    Hitachi
    Panasonic

    Washing
    Aircon

    txufygaps;EIef;rsm;rSm atmufwdkbm(6) &ufwGif r[mAEKvyef;NcHvrf;&Sd


    Capital ESifh OK jrefrmqdkifwdkYrS aumuf,lxm;jcif;jzpfonf/

    odrfhodrfhpdk;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 4
    a&Taps;Nird af e tykid ;f aps;uGuw
    f iG f ta&mif;t0,f&yfvek ;D yg;at;
    aeaMumif; a&Tvkyfief;&Sifrsm;u ajymonf/
    ]]a&Taps;u 780000 usyfausmfrSmyJ&SdwmMumaeNyD/ aps;u t
    wuftusajymif;vJwmenf;w,f/ tykdif;rSm jyefa&mif;wJholawGu
    vnf; 790000 ausmaf &mufomG ;wke;f u a&mif;xm;Muwmqdak wmh
    'Daps;wke;f u txnfbufrmS awmh a&mif;tm;&Sw
    d ,f/ tykid ;f bufu
    Nidrfaew,f}} [k atmiform"da&TqkdifrS qkdifwm0efcHudk0if;i,fu
    ajymonf/
    a&Tqidk rf sm;wGif tykid ;f aps;uGuf a&mif;tm;enf;Ho
    k mru tykid ;f
    oD;oefY ta&mif;t0,fjyKvyk af om a&Tvyk if ef;&Sirf sm; toif;H;k wGif
    ,ck&ufyidk ;f aps;uGuaf t;aeaMumif; tykid ;f ta&mif;t0,fjyKvyk f
    aomukefonfwpfOD;uajymonf/
    ]]'DwpfywfxrJ mS t&yfbufu jyefa&mif;wmvnf; enf;w,f/
    wkwu
    f vnf; tqGrJ &Sad wmh aps;uGurf mS ta&mif;t0,f odyrf &Sb
    d ;l /
    tykdif;aps;uGufu urmha&Taps; twuftustjyif wkwfaiGaps;eJY
    vnf;qkid w
    f ,f}}[k tykid ;f ta&mif;t0,fjyKvyk af omukeo
    f nfwpf
    OD;uajymonf/ urmah &Taps;EIe;f rsm;rSm ,ck&ufyidk ;f wGif wpfatmifp
    vQif 1775 a':vm0ef;usiw
    f iG f twuftus&o
    dS nf/ xkYd aMumifh jynf
    wGi;f a&Taps;EIe;f rsm;rSm tacgufa&Twpfusyo
    f m;vQif 785500 usyf
    0ef;usiw
    f iG f &Sad eonf/ 15yJ&nfaps;EIe;f rSmvnf; 740000 usy0f ef;
    usifwGif&Sdaeonf/
    vuf&Sd aps;uGuftaetxm;onf tykdif;aps;uGufta&mif;
    t0,fenf;aomfvnf; txnfaps;uGufrsm; yHkrSef0,fvuf&Sdae
    ao;aMumif;od&onf/ urmah ps;uGut
    f aetxm;rsm;onf aps;
    qufwufEkdifonf[k a&Tvkyfief;&Sifrsm;u cefYrSef;xm;NyD; wkwfaiG
    aps;wufvmygu tykid ;f aps;uGurf mS vnf; t0,fvu
    kd v
    f mEkid o
    f nf
    [kcefYrSef;xm;aMumif; a&Tukefonfrsm;u ajymonf/

    pm;aomufukefaps;EIef;rsm;
    a&wGufykH

    aps;EIef;(usyf)

    wpfjynf
    wpfjynf
    wpfjynf
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfxkyf
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfbl;
    wpfbl;
    wpfvkH;
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfydm
    wpfaowm
    wpfxkyf
    wpfydm

    1000-1700
    900-1300
    650-800
    4000
    1550
    4600
    100
    800-1000
    1500-1800
    1100-1250
    1000-1300
    500-700
    500-750
    600-700
    90 0ef;usif
    1600
    5000
    5500
    5500
    5000
    7000 0ef;usif
    300-500
    4800-5000

    qef(ay:qef;arT;)
    qef(awmifysH)
    qef(ZD,m)
    qD(yJqD&S,f)
    qD(pm;tkef;qD)
    qD(&efukefyJqD)
    qm;(tkdiftdk'if;)
    MuufoGefeD
    MuufoGefjzL
    oMum;
    refusnf;rSnfh(taphvGwf)
    tmvl;
    EdkYqD
    EdkYpdrf;
    MuufO^bJO
    ukvm;yJjcrf;
    Muufom;(arG;jrLa&;)
    Muufom;(Arm)
    0ufom;
    trJom;
    c&rf;csOfoD;(tif;oD;)
    a*:zDxkyf
    ikwfoD;(tyk)

    ig;? ykpGefaps;EIef;rsm;
    trsKd;trnf

    a&wGufykH

    aps;EIef;(usyf)

    ig;jrpfcsif;
    ig;Muif;
    ig;oavmuf
    ig;z,f
    ykpGefabmhcsdwf
    ykpGefajymifwkyfBuD;
    wDvm;AD;,m;

    1 ydm
    1 ydm
    1 ydm
    1 ydm
    1 ydm
    1 ydm
    1 ydm

    1300-1800
    2000-3400
    4000-38000
    2000-4000
    2500-4500
    12000-28000
    1000-1800

    atmufwdkbm(6)&ufu MunhfjrifwdkifA[kdpHjyig;aps;BuD;rS aumuf,lxm;aom


    vuf um;aps;EIef;rsm;jzpfonf/

    yk*vdupufokH;qDaps;EIef;rsm;
    aeYpGJ
    "mwfqD 'DZ,f Octane


    'DZ,f

    tdrfaqmufypnf;rsm;aps;EIef;
    trsKd;trnf

    a&wGufykH aps;EIef;

    wpftdwf
    5300
    wpftdwf
    5200
    wpftdwf
    4600
    wpftdwf
    4900
    wpfvkH;
    100
    wpfvkH;
    85
    wpfvkH;
    100
    wpfvkH;
    225
    wpfusif; 13000
    wpfusif;
    7500
    wpfusif; 49100
    1 ay 660-700
    1 ay
    800
    1 ay
    1000
    1 ay
    950
    1 ay
    1050
    1 ayEIef;
    500
    1 ayEIef;
    500
    1 ayEIef;
    500
    1 ay
    530
    1 ayEIef;
    320
    wpftdwf
    1100

    bdvyfajr (,dk;',m; qifwHqdyf)


    bdvyfajr (,dk;',m; INSee)
    bdvyfajr (jrif;acgif;wHqdyf)
    bdvyfajr (ausmufql;wHqdyf)
    tkwf (ukef;tkwf-yxrwef;pm;)
    tkwf (ukef;tkwf-'kwd,wef;pm;)
    tkwf (8 ayguftkwf) (txkdifaps;)
    tkwf (10 ayguftkwf)(txkdifaps;)
    oJ (tMurf;)
    oJ (tEk)
    ausmuf
    umvmpwD;trkd;jym; 4 angle(0.3mm)
    umvmpwD;trdk;jym; 4 angle(0.312mm)
    umvmpwD;trdk;jym; 4 angle(0.36mm)
    umvmpwD;trkd;jym; 4 angle(0.346mm)
    umvmpwD;trdk;jym; 4 angle(0.4mm)
    Posco Mu,fpdrf; (6/7/8 ay)
    Posco Mu,fpdrf; (9/10 ay)
    Posco Mu,fpdrf; (11/12 ay)
    dk;dk;oGyfrdk;jym;(qifeD 6/7/8/9/10/11/12)
    dk;dk;oGyfrdk;jym;(qif 6/7/8)
    xkH;(8 ydmtdwf)

    trsKd;tpm;

    txufygaps;EIe;f rsm;rSm atmufwb


    kd m(6) &ufwiG f aumuf,x
    l m;aomaps;EIe;f rsm;
    jzpfNyD; ajymif;vJrItenf;i,f&SdEdkifonf/

    Premier

    'DZ,f

    Sep(30)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(1)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(2)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(3)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(4)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(5)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    Oct(6)

    3,550

    3,950

    4,000

    4,000

    yk*vdupufokH;qDqdkifrsm;rS
    tenf;i,f &SdEdkifonf/

    aps;EIef;rsm;jzpfygonf/

    aps;EIef;ajymif;vJrI

    Note Book
    Acer
    Intel Core i7-3517U, 4GB DDR3,256 GB SSD, HD,13.3"

    1384,700

    Intel Core i5-3210M, 4GB DDR3,750 HDD, 2GB VGA,15.6"

    632,100

    Intel Core i3-M2367, 4GB DDR3,500 HDD, HD,14"

    518,700

    Intel DualCoreB987, 2GB DDR3,500 HDD, HD,14"

    388,800

    Intel DualCoreB967, 2GB DDR3,320 HDD, HD,11.6"

    290,100

    msi
    Intel Core i7 2.3GHz, 8GB DDR3, 750HDD,2GB VGA,15.6" 1030,500
    Intel Core i5 2.5GHz, 4GB DDR3, 500HDD,2GB VGA, 14"

    588,300

    Intel Core i3 2.1GHz, 2GB DDR3, 640 HDD,1GB VGA, 14"

    518,700

    Intel Pentium 2.1GHz, 2GB DDR3, 500 HDD,1GBVGA, 14"

    423,400

    hp
    Intel Core i7 2.3GHz 8GB DDR3,750 HDD, 2GB VGA,15.6" 1056,500
    Intel Core i5 2.4GHz 8GB DDR3,750HDD,1GB VGA,14.5"

    788,000

    Intel Core i3 2.3GHz 4GB DDR3,500 HDD, HD, 15.6"

    437,300

    36

    News Analysis

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    tajymif;tvJrsm;
    jrif&awmhrnfh
    urmhbPf
    Munfae0if;rif;
    zHUG NzKd ;wd;k wufa&;twGuf t"du
    aiGacs;iSm;rIrsm; vkyfaqmif
    ay;aeaom urmb
    h PfwiG f BuD;
    rm;aom tajymif;tvJrsm;t
    wGuf jyifqifaeonf[k urmh
    bPftBu;D tuJopf rpwm *sif
    ,Gefuifu ,ck&ufydkif;ajym
    Mum;vdu
    k o
    f nf/ urmvH;k qdik &f m
    qif;&JraGJ wrIukd tqH;k owfa&;
    xdxda&mufa&muf taumif
    txnfazmfEkdif&ef vmrnfh &uf
    owywf wdkusKdNrdKUwGif jyKvkyf
    rnfh tpnf;ta0;rsm; tzJUG 0if
    EdkifiHrsm;ESifh aqG;aEG;Murnf[k
    urmhbPfOu|u qdkonf/

    atmufwb
    kd m 11-14 &uf
    rsm;wGifjyKvkyfrnfh urmhbPf
    ESifh EkdifiHwumaiGaMu; &ef
    yHak iGtzJUG wk\
    Yd tpnf;ta0;rsm;
    rSm ZlvkdifvwGif urmhbPf
    Ou|jzpfvmaom rpwmuif
    ,GeftwGuf urmhbPftay:
    ol\ trSwfwHqdyfudk cwfESdyf
    &ef tcGit
    hf a&;vnf; jzpfonf/
    ]]wd w d u susajymif ; vJ r I
    awGvkyfaqmifa&;awmif;qkdzkdY
    uRefawmfwdkY tqifhqifhrjzpf
    ao;ygbl;/ 'gayrJh avmavm
    q,farQmfrSef;xm;wJh tcsdef
    xufapmNyD; qif;&JEGrf;yg;rI t

    qHk;owfa&;udkawmh uRefawmf
    wdkY trSefwu,fyJ tav;t
    eufxm;ygw,f/ urmhbPfudk
    vnfywfwJh yHkpHrSmvnf; t
    ajymif;tvJ wcsKdU&Sdvmygr,f}}
    [krpwmuifu owif;axmuf
    rsm;tm; ajymMum;ygonf/
    ]]owfowfrSwfrSwftae
    eJYuawmh uRefawmfwdkYoGm;csif
    wJhyHkpHwpf&yfqD tvsiftjref
    oGm;EdkifzkYdtwGuf bPftBuD;
    tuJawGudk uRefawmfwdkYeJY yl;
    aygif;vkyfaqmifMuzdkY awmif;
    qdyk gr,f/ vrf;aMumif;wpf0uf
    rSmyJ jyifqifrIawG vkyfaqmif
    EkdifNyD; urmhbPfbkwftzJGUeJY
    bPftBuD;tuJawGu acs;aiG
    yrmPBuD;BuD;awG twnfjyK
    ay;wmudk tmHkpdkufr,fhtpm;
    EkdifiHawGrSm vufawGUjzpfay:
    aewJh &v'fawGudk wm0efcHEkdif
    atmif tmkHpdkufMu&ygr,f}}
    [k if;u qufvufajymonf/
    qif;&JraGJ wrIwu
    kd zf suaf &; tzJUG
    tpnf;BuD;jzpfaom urmhbPf
    taejzifh zHGUNzdK;a&; acs;aiGrsm;
    xkwaf y;a&;xufvufawGUwGif
    trS e f w u,f x l ; jcm;atmif
    vkyfaqmifa&; jzpfonf/
    vmrnfh{NyDv tzJGU0if
    EdkifiHrsm;ESifh xyfrHjyKvkyfrnfh t
    pnf;ta0;rsm;wGif ydkrdk wdus
    ckdifrmaom jyKjyifajymif;vJrI
    rsm;udk xkwfazmfajymMum;oGm;
    rnf[k rpwm*sif,Gefuifu
    ajymonf/ ]]tajymif;tvJawG
    vkyfzkdYvkdw,fqkdwmuawmh t
    csdefawmfawmfMumMumuwnf;
    uxif&Sm;aecJhygw,f}} [kif;
    uqufvufajymonf/
    tar&duefESifh Oa&myEdkif
    iHrsm; zHGUNzdK;rIenf;jcif;? a<u;NrD
    jrifrh m;jcif;? 0efxyk 0f efy;kd rsm;ESihf
    eyef;vHk;ae&csdef ,if;vuf
    BuD;aiGaMu;xnhf0ifolrsm;tm;
    urmhbPftwGuf aiGaMu;
    xnf0h ifay;&ef awmif;qd&k rnfh
    tcsdefr[kwfao;[k Ou|opf
    uqdkonf/ ]]ckaetcsdeftcgrSm

    uReaf wmfb,fvrdk S cHwiG ;f rawGU


    ygbl;/ bPf&JUaiGyifaiG&if;wkd;
    jrifhzdkY aqG;aEG;&r,fh tcsdefr
    [kwfao;ygbl;/ tvSL&SifEdkifiH
    awGuvnf; 'DtwGuf tqif
    oifhjzpfaeNyDvkdY uRefawmfr
    xifygbl;}} [kif;uqufvuf
    ajymygonf/
    wdkusKdNrdKUtpnf;ta0;yJG
    rsm;rSmyif urmhpm;eyf&dum
    aps;EIef;rsm; jrifhwufrIESifh urmh
    &moDOwkajymif;vJrIu urm
    wpf0ef;v,form;rsm;tay:
    d k u f c wf r I r sm;taMumif ; ud k
    t"duxm;aqG;aEG;oGm;rnf[k
    vnf; [m;Awfwuodkvfaq;
    ynmq&m0efESifh rEkaA'
    ynm&Sifjzpfol rpwm*sif,Gef
    uifuajymonf/
    ESpfaygif; 50 twGif; t
    ar&duefwGif tqkd;&Gm;qHk;jzpf
    ay:onhf rd;k acgifa&&Sm;rIEiS hf yif
    v,feuf (Black Sea) wpf0ef;&Sd
    urmh*sKHtrsm;qHk;xkwfvkyf&m
    EdkifiHrsm; oD;ESHtxGuf enf;
    yg;rIuurmwpf0ef;aeYpOf pm;
    oHk;aom ajymif;? *sKHESifh yJydpyf
    rsm;\ aps;EIef;rsm;udk wGef;
    wifcJhonf/ aps;EIef;BuD;jrifhrI
    rsm;rSm 2008 ckESpfpHcsdeftxd
    ra&muf&Sdao;aomfvnf; t
    pm;tpmaps;EIef;rsm; twuf
    tusjrefjcif;rSm ylyefp&mjzpf
    aeonf/
    urmhbPfudk OD;aqmif
    aomyxrqkH; odyHynm&Sif
    t aejzifh aps;EIef;BuD;jrihfrIrsm;
    jzpfay:vm &moDOwkajymif;
    vJjcif;uqif;&Jaom EdkifiHrsm;
    tay:dkufcwfrIrsm;udk pdk;&drfrd
    aMumif; rpwm*sef,Gefuifu
    xkwfazmf ajymMum;onf/
    ]]'g[m vlYya,m*aMumifh
    jzpfvmwJh &moDOwkajymif;vJ
    rIvYkd odyyH nm&Siaf wGu &Si;f &Si;f
    vif;vif; qkdxm;wJh yxrqHk;
    rdk;acgifa&&Sm;rIyg/ &moDOwk
    ajymif;vmw,fqdkwm wu,f
    jzpfaewmyg/ vlyY a,m*aMumifh

    &moD O wk a jymif ; vJ r I j zpf v m


    w,fqdkwmudk odyHynm&Sif t
    odkif;t0kdif;u vdIufvdIufvSJvSJ
    oabmwlMuygw,f/ uRef
    awmfwkYd 'gudk vufcH&ygr,f}}
    urmhbPfonf ,ckt
    csdeftxd urmh&moDOwkajymif;
    vJjcif;ESifh ywfouf us,f
    us,favmifavmif xkwfazmf
    ajymqdk&ef wGefYqkwfaecJhonf/
    taMumif;rSm urmBu;D ylaEG;vm
    rIwu
    kd zf suaf &;twGuf Edik if aH &;
    aqG;aEG;rIrsm;wGif yg0ifywf
    ouf&rnfpdk;aomaMumifhjzpf
    onf/ zHGUNzdK;qJEdkifiHrsm;uvnf;
    umAGex
    f w
    k v
    f w
    T rf I xdxad &muf
    a&mufavQmhcsa&;udk a&Smif&Sm;
    NyD; qif;&Jaom EdkifiHrsm; &moD
    Owkajymif;vJrIudk &ifqkdif&ef
    b@ma&;ydkrdk axmufyHha&;
    acgif;a&Smifaeaomtar&duef?
    Oa&myESifh tjcm;csrf;omaom
    EkdifiHBuD;rsm;udk jypfwifajym
    Mum;aeMuonf/
    ,ldkZkefa<u;NrDtusyft
    wnf;ESihf if;\du
    k cf wfrrI sm;u
    urmhpD;yGm;a&;tay: ouf
    a&mufrI udprSmvnf; wdkusKd
    tpnf;ta0;udk t&dyfrnf;xdk;
    aeaMumif; rpwm*sif,Gefuif
    uqdkygonf/
    urmhpD;yGm;a&; tusyft
    wnf;udk ,cktcsdeftxdawmifh
    cHEkdifao;aom zHGUNzdK;qJEdkifiH
    rsm;onfvnf; ,ldkZkeftusyf
    twnf;aMumifh 0,fvkdtm;
    avsmhyg;vmNyD; if;wdkY\ pD;yGm;
    a&;vkyfief;rsm; aES;auG;vm
    onfujkd rifawGUae&NyD jzpfonf/
    b@ma&;aps;uG u f r sm;rS m
    vnf; *&dESifh pydefEdkifiHwdkYtm;
    u,fq,fa&;tpDtrHrsm; ra&
    &mrIrsm;aMumifh rd;k r&GjzpfaeMu
    onf/
    ur m h p D ; yG m ;a&;aES ; auG ;
    vmaomfvnf; tmz&du? tm
    &SESifh vufwiftar&du&Sd EdkifiH
    rsm;rSm ckdifrmaom ay:vpDrsm;
    q,fpkESpfwpfckMumusihfoHk;cJh

    jcif;aemufcHESihf &if;ESD;jrKyfESHol
    rsm;\aps;uG u f t opf r sm;t
    ay:pdw0f ifpm;rIrsm;aMumifh wpf
    ESpv
    f Qif ig;&mckid Ef eI ;f ESit
    hf xuf
    pD;yGm;a&; qufvufw;dk wufEikd f
    ygao;onf/
    ]]Oa&mytaeeYJ olwdkY&JU
    jy emawGudk wpnf;wvHk;
    wnf; ajz&Sif;zdkY&m enf;vrf;jref
    jrefqefqef&SmawGUr,fvkdY uRef
    awmfwdkYtm;vHk;u tm;cJaeMu
    w,f}} [krpwmuifuajym&if;
    urmhbPftaejzifhvnf; ,ldk
    Zkeftygt0if rnfonhfEdkifiH
    wGifrqdk if;wdkY\ uRrf;usifrI
    rsm;urf;vSrf;&ef toifh&Sdonf
    [kqkdygonf/
    urmhbPfrSm zHGUNzdK;qJ
    EdkifiHrsm;wGif wnfaqmufyHk t
    ajymif;tvJrsm; jyKvkyf&if; pD;
    yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;udk jrifhwuf
    atmifvyk af qmifay;Edik cf ahJ om
    tawGUtBuHKrsm;pGm&Sdygonf/
    ,if;tawGUtBuHKrsm;jzifh *&d
    ESifh ay:wl*DuJhodkY EkdifiHrsm;tm;
    ulnDay;EdkifaMumif; qef;ppf
    avhvmolrsm;u qdkonf/
    urmb
    h Pftm; ydrk
    kd aysmh
    aysmif ; nif o mvmapa&;t
    wGufenf;vrf;rsm;udk &SmazGa&;
    ajymMum;&if;rSyif rpwm *sif
    ,Gefuifu pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;
    rsm; &SifoefBuD;xGm;NyD; tvkyf
    tudik af e&mrsm; zefw;D Ekid o
    f nhf
    ywf0ef;usiffwpf&yf xlaxmif
    a&;twGuf EdkifiHrsm;tm; ulnD
    rnf[k ajymMum;ygonf/
    xdkYtjyif urmhbPftae
    jzifh qif;&JEGrf;yg;rIavQmhcsa&;
    [laom atmufxpfrsO;f udk &Si;f
    &Sif;vif;vif; owfrSwf vkyf
    aqmifomG ;rnf[v
    k nf; rpwm
    *sif,Gefuifu ajymMum;onf/
    vkyaf qmifrnfh enf;vrf;rSm Bu;D
    yGm;wdk;wufa&;vkyfief;pOfrsm;
    udt
    k m;aumif;atmif vkyaf qmif
    a&;yifjzpfonf[rk pwmuifu
    qdkygonf/ Ref: World Bank
    Chief Signals Changes to come

    37

    International

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    qD;&D;,m;ppfwyfu [rf;pfNrdKUtm; ppfav,mOfrsm;jzifh wdkufckduf

    tpD&ifcHpmt& tar&duef tvkyfvufrJhEIef;


    &Spf&mcdkifEIef;atmufa&mufvmjcif;onf
    r,HkEkdifavmufaom udef;8Pef;jzpfae[kqdk
    0g&Sifwef?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    tar&duefEkdifiH\ tvkyfvuf
    rJEh eI ;f tpD&ifcpH mt& Edik if phH ;D yGm;
    a&;rSma&SUodYk a&GUvsm;aeaMumif;
    tar&dueforwbm;&uftdk
    bm;rm;uajymMum;aMumif ;
    azmfjyonf/ odkYaomf *sife&,f
    tDvufx&pf (GE) ukrP
    t
    D Bu;D
    tuJa[mif;wpfOD;url t
    vkyform;udef; *Pef;rSm r,Hk
    MunfEdkifavmufatmif jzpf&
    aMumif; ajymMum;onf/
    tar&duefEdkifiH puf
    wifbmvwGif tvkyfae&m
    aygif; 114000 xyfrHay:
    xGufcJhNyD; tvkyfvufrJhEIef;rSm
    7 'or 8 &mcdkifEIef;odkY a&muf&Sd
    cJhaMumif; tar&duef tvkyfo
    rm;a&;&mXmeu ajymMum;NyD;
    ,if;rSm 2009 ckESpfaemufydkif;
    tenf;qHk; tvkyfvufrJhEIef;
    jzpfonf/
    ]]'DuaeYrSmawmh uRef
    awmfw[
    Ykd m Ekid if w
    H pfEidk if t
    H ae

    eJY a&SUudk qufoGm;aew,fvkdY


    ,kHMunfygw,f/ uRefawmf
    orwjzpfvmNyD; wpfvudk t
    vkyfae&m &Spfodef; qHk;IH;ae&m
    uae uRefawmfwdkY&JU pD;yGm;a&;
    vkyfief;awG[m vGefcJhwJh 2 ESpf
    cJGtwGif;rSm tvkyfae&m opf
    aygif; 2 'or 5 oef;zefwD;
    EkdifcJhygw,f}} [k Am*sD;eD;,m;
    jynfe,f rJqG,fyJGwpfckwGif
    a&muf&Sdaeaom orwtdkbm;
    rm;u ajymMum;cJhonf/
    tdkbm;rm; tpdk;&tm; a0
    zefolrsm;url tvkyform;a&;
    &m Xme\ tpD&ifcHpmudk r,Hk
    MunfEidk jf zpf&aMumif; ajymMum;
    D trIaqmif
    Muonf/ GE ukrP
    t&m&Scd sKyaf [mif; *su0f v
    hJ cf su
    f
    rl tdkbm;rm;\ 'kwd,ouf
    wrf; rJqG,frItwGuf tdrfjzL
    awmftaejzifh udef;*Pef;
    tcsuftvufrsm;udk jyifqif
    xm;onf[k if;\ vlrIa&;
    0ufbfqdkufwGpfwm pmrsufESm
    wGif a&;om;cJhonf/Ref: UPI

    jyifopfwGif vmbfpm;rIusL;vGefaom
    &Jt&m&dSrsm;tm; zrf;qD;xm;
    rmaq;vf? atmufwdkbm - 3
    jyifopfEkdifiHwGif &mZ0wfrIrsm;
    xl a jym&m rmaq;vf N rd K UrS &J
    t&m&Sd 12 OD;onf vmbfpm;
    jcif;? aiGnpfjcif;? rl;,pfaq;0g;
    a&mif;0,fjcif; rouFmrIrsm;
    jzifh w&m;kH;wGif ppfaq;cH&
    rnfjzpfonf/ if;wk\
    Yd trIwiG f
    jypf r I x if & S m ;aomtaxmuf
    txm; trsm;tjym;&Sdonf[k
    tpkd;& w&m;a&;t&m&SdwpfOD;
    u ajymMum;onf/
    &Jt&m&Scd ek pfO;D tm; tcsKyf
    cef;wGif zrf;qD;xm;NyD; ig;OD;udk
    ,m,DvTwfay;xm;aMumif; od
    &onf/ odkYaomf jyifopfjynf
    xJ a &;0ef B uD ; r,f E sL&,f A m;
    vwfpfurl if;wkdYtm; tvkyf
    wm0efrsm;rS qdik ;f iHx
    h m;rnf jzpf
    NyD; &mZ0wfrIwdkufzsufa&; t
    xl;wyfzJGUudkvnf; zsufodrf;

    oGm;rnf[k ajymMum;onf/
    ]]olwdkY&JU vkyf&yfawG[m
    xl;xl;jcm;jcm;udk av;eufjyif;
    xefygw,f}} [kjynfxJa&;0ef
    BuD;u xkwfjyefajymMum;onf/
    ,if;pGyfpJGrIrsm;om rSefuefcJhyg
    urdrdEdkifiHom;rsm;\ vHkNcHKa&;
    tay:tmrcH&rnfh &JwyfzJGU\
    *k P f o d u m ud k ysuf p D ; apvd r f h
    rnf[k jynfxaJ &;0efBu;D r,fvf
    EsL&,fAm;vwfpfu qufvuf
    ajymMum;onf/
    axmuf v S r f ; a&;txl ;
    wyfzJGUkH;&Sd rsufESmMuufESifh t
    0wf t pm;xm;&m oH a ow m
    rsm;twGif;rS aq;ajcmufrsm;
    ESifh ydkufqHrsm; &SmazGawGU&SdcJh
    onf[k rmaq;vfNrdKU ajrmuf
    ydkif;cdkifw&m;a&;t&m&Sd *suf
    ',fvwfpfu ajymMum;onf/
    Ref: AFP

    'rwfpuyfpf? atmufwdkbm - 6
    qD;&D;,m;EkdifiHrS e,fpyfausmfusa&muf
    vmaom tajrmufqefrsm;twGuf wl&uD
    EdkifiHu ,ck&ufowywftwGif; 'kwd,
    tBudrfjyefvSefypfcwfcJhonf[k owif;rsm;
    xGuaf y:vmpOfrmS yif qD;&D;,m;Edik if H olyek f
    rsm; xdef;csKyfxm;aom [rf;NrdKUtm; qD;&D;
    ,m;tpdk;& ppfav,mOfrsm;u AHk;BuJwdkuf
    cdkufcJhaMumif; od&onf/
    wl&uDEkdifiHe,fpyfNrdKUwpfNrdKUtm; t
    ajrmufjzifh ypfcwfjcif;ESifh tvufydkNrdKUwGif
    tMurf;zufum;AHk;cJGrIaMumifh vl 50 eD;yg;
    aoqHk;cJhjcif;udk ukvor*u Iwfcsajym

    Mum;vkdufpOf ,ckwdkufcdkufrIrsm; xGufay:


    vmjcif;jzpfonf/
    qD;&D;,m;EkdifiH [rf;pfNrdKU u,f'D,uf
    cdkifwGif jzpfay:cJhaom AHk;BuJwdkufckdufrI
    rsm;rSm ig;vtwGif; tjyif;xefqHk;jzpfNyD;
    yxrOD;qH;k tBurd t
    f jzpf tpd;k &u wdu
    k af v
    ,mOfrsm; toHk;jyKcJhjcif;vnf;jzpfonf/
    olykefwyfzJGUrsm;uvnf; av,mOfrsm;ukd
    jyefvSefypfcwfcJhNyD; wdkufcdkufa&;&[wf
    ,mOfwpfpD;udk ypfcsEkdifcJhonf/
    [rf;pfNrdKU wdkufcdkufrIrsm; aMumifht&yf
    om;&SpfOD;ESifh olykefwpfOD; aoqHk;cJhaMumif;
    twdkuftcHqD;&D;,m;vlYtcGifhta&; apmifh

    Munhaf &;tzJUG u ajymMum; Ny;D pufwifbmv


    5 &ufrSmyif wpfEdkifiHvHk; aoqHk;ol 95 OD;
    &SdaMumif; ajymMum;onf/
    tvufyNkd rKd UwGif olyek rf sm;u aq;krH sm;
    ESihf ausmif;rsm;udo
    k rd ;f ydu
    k
    f if;wd\
    Yk ,m,D
    ppfpcef;rsm;tjzpf toHk;jyKaMumif; *sme,f
    vpfrsm;u ajymMum;onf/ 2011 rwfvrS
    pwifcJhNyD; jynfwGif;ppftjzpf toGifajymif;
    vmaom qD ; &D ; ,m;ppf y J G w G i f aoqH k ; ol
    31000 ausmf&SdvmNyDjzpfaMumif; wuf<u
    vIyf&Sm;olrsm;u ajymMum;onf/
    Ref: AFP

    38

    Knowledge

    7DAY

    BOOK

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    R E V I E W

    jrifhjrwfrIaysmufqkH;aejcif; (q&mawmfOD;aZmwdu)
    2011 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dvu r*Fvmw&m;awmfpmtkyf xGufNyD;
    wpfESpfcGJausmfMumNyD;rS xGuf&Sdvmonfh ysOf;rem; r[mNrdKifawm
    &q&mawmf OD;aZmwdu\ pmtkyfjzpfonf/ vGefcJhaom udk;ESpf
    ausmfu pifumylEdkifiHwGif a[mMum;cJhonfh w&m;awmfudk ,ck
    tcgwGifrS pmtkyftjzpf wpfaygif;wpfpnf;wnf; xkwfa0vkduf
    jcif; jzpfonf/ r[m*EmHkq&mawmf t&SifZeumbd0Ho\ xif
    &Sm;onfh tqdktrdefYjzpfaom ]pdwfaumif;&SdzkdYyxr} qkdonfhtwkdif;
    vlyk*dKvfwkdif; xm;&Sdtyfaom pdwf"mwfjyKjyifajymif;vJa&; pdwf
    tajctae? pdwo
    f bm0rsm;ay:rlwnf wd;k wufjrifrh m;onfh pdwf
    "mwf? ukd,fusifhw&m; wnfaqmufa&;twGuf wpfpdkufrwfrwf
    a[mMum;a&;om;avh&Sdaom q&mawmfOD;aZmwdu\ "rw&m;
    rsm;udk ,ckpmtkyfwGif zwfI&ygrnf/
    jrifhjrwfrIaysmufqHk;aejcif; w&m;awmfwGif vlawG&JUpdwfrSm
    jzpfwwfwmawG? txD;usefwJhcHpm;rI? jrifhjrwfrIqdkwJh obm0
    aysmufqHk;oGm;NyDqkd&if[l tcef;av;rsm;cGJum vltrsm; em;vnf
    atmif av;eufonfh pdwfobm0rsm;udk ayghayghyg;yg; cGJjcm;a[m
    Mum;xm;onf/ ]b0rSm taumif;qHk;aecsif&if w&m;udk avhvmrS
    jzpfr,f}u@ rdrd\pdwfoEmef rnpfnrf;apatmif arG;jrLjcif;
    ESihfywfouf ]]w&m;tm;xkwfvkdufwJhtcgrSm tusifhpm&dw
    ysufwm rjzpfawmhbl;/ aemufqHk;ajym&r,fqdk&if wDAD? AD'D,dk Munfh
    wmutp raumif;wmqdk&if rMunfhbl;/ MunfhwJhol Diginity us
    wmawG trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f/ *kPfodumusw,f/ ukd,fhukd,fukd,f
    av;pm;rIawG usoGm;wm trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f/ ukd,fhukd apmfum;ovdk
    jzpfaew,f/ raumif;wmawGudk xkdifNyD;awmh pdwfygvufygBuD;
    Munfah ewm uk,
    d u
    hf ,
    dk u
    f ,
    dk f jyefapmfum;vku
    d o
    f vdyk aJ emf/ bke;f BuD;

    udk,fwdkif i,fi,fwkef;u tJ'D


    vkd cHpm;zl;w,f/ aMomf ighudk ol
    wkdYapmfum;wmudk igausaus
    eyfeyfcaH ewmud;k }}[k a[mMum;
    xm;onf / ]jrwf p G m bk & m;ud k
    tvGefaus;Zl;wifw,f}u@
    ]]bk&m;qkdwmudk pdwfxJuae
    tmHkjyKvkdufwmeJY wpfNydKifeuf
    pdwfxJrSm yDwdawGjzpfNyD; wpfcg
    wav rsu&f nfawG 0Jvmw,f/
    wpfcgwav MuufoD;xw,f/
    odyfaus;Zl;BuD;ygvm;/ 'DvkdrSef
    uefwJh w&m;udk ajymjyEkdifrnfh
    yk*dKvfr&Sdygbl;/ 'DavmufeufeJ
    odraf rGUwJh w&m;o abmawGukd
    ajymcJw
    h yhJ *k Kd v?f a[mcJw
    h yhJ *k Kd v?f
    oifay;cJhwJh yk*dKvf[m jrwfpGm
    bk&m;yJ&Sdw,f}}[k ,Hk,HkMunf
    Munfa[mMum;xm;ygonf/
    arwow
    k f w&m;awmfwiG f
    arwow
    k Ef iS fh ywfouf a[m
    Mum;&Sif;vif;xm;&m ygVdpm
    om;enf;enf;ESihf t"dym,f em;
    vnfv,
    G af tmif d;k &Si;f pGm a[m
    Mum;xm;ygonf/ arwow
    k u
    f kd
    teufziG q
    fh &dk mpGr;f Ekid o
    f v
    l nf;
    jzpf&\/ ajzmihrf wfov
    l nf; jzpf
    &\/ tqHk;trvG,folvnf;
    jzpf&\/ rmecHae&if w&m;tm;
    xkwv
    f Ydkr& bl;/ wif;wrd af &mif&h J
    vG,o
    f jl zpf&r,f/ udpr rsm;wJo
    h l
    jzpf&r,f/ Nidrfoufaom a`E
    &Sd&r,fponfjzifh acgif;pOfi,f
    av;rsm;cGJum pmzwfwwfol
    wkdif;&ifxJ? tonf;xJpGJatmif
    dk;dk;&Sif;&Sif; a[mMum;xm;
    onf/
    arwokwfwGif yg0ifaom
    pOf;vJvn
    S yfh wfrIrjyK ygapeJY(ey
    a&my&H eduak Ax)tyd'k f pOf;vJ
    jcif;ESihf arwmw&m; qufET,f
    rI tyd k i f ; wG i f vS n f h y wf j cif ; ?
    aumufusppf Of;vJjcif;rSm xko
    d l
    tay:arwmr&Sjd cif;aMumifyh if
    jzpf\ [k &Si;f vif;wduspmG a[m
    Mum;xm;ygonf/
    a&wHcGefpmayu wefzdk;
    1400 usyfjzifh jzefYcsdonf/

    atmufwdkbm 10 &ufrS 16 &uf txd

    ARIES

    rd&moDzGm; (rwf21-{NyD20)

    Taurus

    Nyd&moDzGm; ({NyD21-ar21)

    pD;yGm;vmbfvmb wdk;wufrnf/ aiGaMu;uHaumif;rnf/ tvkyftBuHtpnfrsm; tcuftcJrsm;udk


    pepfwusausmfvTm;Ekdifrnf/ aiGtpkvkduf 0ifjcif;&Sdrnf/ tdk;tdrfudp? ae&mxkdifcif;udprsm; ajymqdk
    aqmif&Gufatmifjrifrnf/ udk,fwkdifwGifvnf;aumif;? rdom;pkwGifvnf;aumif;? tvkyfopfrsm;?
    pD;yGm;opfrsm; vkyfudkif wkd;wufrItqifhqifh &&Sdrnf/ c&D;oGm;pOf tvSLcHawGUu tvSLay;yg/

    t&m&m tqifajyrnf/ rdwfaumif;? aqGaumif;rsm;xHrS taxmuftulaumif;&&Sdrnf/ pkaygif;


    wJGzufvkyfaom udprsm;rS xl;jcm;aom tusKd;qufrsm; &&Sdrnf/ pD;yGm;vmbfvmbESifh Opm"ewdk;
    wufrnf/ tNyKd it
    f qkid rf sm;udk ausmv
    f mT ;Ny;D wk;d wufjcif;rsm; &&Srd nf/ vufveG x
    f m;aom aiGaMu;rsm;
    jyef&rnf/ cufcJaom jyemrsm; ajz&Sif;Ekdifrnf/ &yfa0;ESifh tquftoG,f yGifhrnf/

    Gemini

    arxkef&moDzGm; (ar 22-ZGef 21)

    c&D;udprsm; tqifajyrnf/ &oifh&xkdufaom aiGrsm;jyefvnf &&Sdjcif;ESifh vmbfvmbwdk;


    yGm;jcif;rsm; &SdEkdifonf/ tvkyftBuHtpnfrsm; atmifjrifrnf/ tcuftcJrsm; ausmfvTm;Ekdif
    rnf/ rdom;pkESifhywfoufaom aumif;owif;? wkd;wufrIowif;rsm; &&Sdrnf/ pdwfcsrf;ajrU&rnf/
    tvSLr*Fvmudprsm; yg0ifywfouf&rnf/ rdwfaqGaumif;rsm;xHrS taxmuftulaumif;&rnf/

    Cancer

    u&u#f&moDzGm; (ZGef 22-Zlvkdif 22)

    rdom;pk tvkyfpD;yGm;opfrsm; wkd;csJUvkyfudkifEkdifrnf/ aiGaMu;uHaumif;jcif;ESifh vmbfyGifhjcif;rsm;


    jzpfvmrnf/ rlvvkyfudkifzl;jcif; r&Sdao;vkyfief;rsm; vkyfudkif&ef tajctaeaumif;rsm; BuHKrnf/
    tvkyo
    f pf? pD;yGm;opfrsm; vkyu
    f ikd &f ef BuHKu &J&&J if&h ifh a&SUwk;d vkyu
    f ikd af qmif&u
    G yf g/ rdbtBuD;tuJ
    usef;rma&; tnHh&Sdonf/ raygh&/ qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; rSefuefrnf/

    LEO

    od[f&moDzGm; (Zlvkdif23-Mo*kwf23)

    t&m&m tqifajyrnf/ tNydKiftqkdiftm;vkH;udk ausmfvTm;Ekdifrnf/ vlrsKd;uJGtusKd;ay;rnf/ kwfw


    &ufqkH;jzwfNyD; aqmif&Gufaom udprsm;rS xl;jcm;aom tusKd;rsm;jzpfxGef;rnf/ udk,fwkdifwGifvnf;
    aumif;? rdom;pkwiG v
    f nf;aumif;? tvkyw
    f ;dk wufjcif;? pD;yGm;wk;d wufjcif;rsm; &Srd nf/ wpfcx
    k ufru
    aomudprsm;udk wpfNydKifeufwnf; vkyfudkif wkd;wufrIrsm;&&Sdrnf/ twwfynmwkd;wufrnf/

    Virgo

    uef&moDzGm; (Mo*kwf24-pufwifbm22)

    tbufbufrS aumif;rnf/ pdwfqE? &nfrSef;csuftm;vkH;udk tcdkiftrmaqmif&GufEkdifaom tajc


    taeaumif;rsm;&Sdrnf/ rdwfaqGtBuD;tuJ taxmuftul&jcif;ESifh tvdkqEjynfhpkHjcif;rsm; quf
    wku
    d jf zpfxeG ;f rnf/ olwpfyg;ESirhf wlaom Iaxmifrh S aqmif&u
    G &f mwGif atmifjrifrrI sm; jzpfvm rnf/
    rdom;pkESifhywfoufaom aumif;owif;? wkd;wufrIowif;rsm;udk BuHKawGU&rnf/

    LIbra

    wl&moDzmG ; (pufwifbm23-atmufwb
    dk m23)

    aqmif&u
    G o
    f rQ udpt
    vk;H pkaH tmifjrif vk&d mqEw;dk wufrnf/ rnfrQtcuftcJEiS Bhf uHKap tm;vk;H udk
    ausmfvTm;Ekdifrnf/ OD;wnfvkdufwkdif; ae&mwkdif;wGif taESmifht,Suf&Sdrnf/ rjzpfrae vkyfaqmif
    rIaMumifh atmifjrifrIrsm; &&Sdrnf/ twwfynmESifh wufvrf;yGifhrnf/ qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; rSefaernf/
    tvkyfESifhywfoufaom uHtcGifhtvrf;rsm; wpfrsKd;NyD;wpfrsKd; ay:xGef;rnf/

    Scorpio

    NAdpm&moDzGm; (atmufwkdbm24-Ekd0ifbm22)

    twwfynmudk tokH;cs b0wufvrf;rsm; qufwkdufBuHKrnf/ rdwfaqGtBuD;tuJrsm;xHrS t


    axmuftulaumif;&rnf/ tukeftusrsm;jcif;rsm; wpfrsKd;NyD; wpfrsKd; BuHKrnf/ pkaqmif;xm;aom
    aiGrsm;udk okH;pJG&jcif;rsKd; &Sdrnf/ aqmif&Gufaeaomvkyfief;rsm;udk csJUxGifjcif;jyK tusKd; &Sdrnf/ em
    rnfatmifjrifrIrsm; &&Sdrnf/ rnfonfhudpudk aqmif&Gufap vlodxif&Sm;ausmfMum;rnf/

    Sagittarus "Ek&moDzGm; (Ekd0ifbm23-'DZifbm21)

    bDpupfrkefYawG&JU ordkif;udkodygovm;
    bDpupfrek rYf sm;onf &eHw
    Y pfrsK;d xnfx
    h m;aom tylay;? rD;zkwx
    f m;onhf rkew
    Yf pfrsK;d jzpfonf/ tar
    &duefEiS hfuae'gEdik if w
    H iG f ]bDpupf} qdo
    k nfrmS El;nHah om Scone [kac:onhfaygifrek YfwpfrsK;d udkac:
    NAw
    d o
    d QtpOftvm ]bDpupf} udu
    k w
    G u
    f ;D cookie (odrYk [kw)f c&ufum cracker [kac:onf/ NAd
    wdeEf iS hf tkid ,
    f mvefwiG f twefi,fiefaom?csKad om bDpupfrsm;udk c&ufum[k ac:avh&NdS y;D if;
    Yf o
    hJ Ykd
    wdrYk mS acsmuvufbpD upf? csi;f bDpupf ginger biscuit? EdYk MuufObDpupf custard cream rkeu
    rkefYrsm;jzpfonf/ orkdif;t& vG,fulpGmodkavSmif&ef? wm&Snftxm;cH pm;Ekdif&eftwGuf a&S;
    acwf tD*spyf ifv,fc&D;oGm;rsm;u dhourra cake [kac:aom ajymif;rkeaYf jcmufrsm;oH;k pJaG vh&NdS y;D
    a&mrom;wdkY\ bDpupfrkefYrSmrmausmNyD; ajcmufaoGUum tcsKd"mwfrygacs/ yxrqHk;aom teHY
    t&omygaom bDpupfrmS tmar;eD;,ef;bke;f awmfBu;D *&Dv&dk 'D eD u
    D v
    kd pfu Oa&myodYk at'D 992
    k o
    kd nf/ xkrd pS
    ckEpS w
    f iG f o,f,v
    l mcJah om csi;f aygifrek Yf ajcmufac: ginger bread yif jzpfonf[q
    &mpkEpS rf sm;pGmMumNy;D 15 &mpk 1444 ckEpS w
    f iG f qD'G ifr,foD v&Sirf sm;onf csi;f aygifrek Yf ajcmufrsm;udk
    pwifjzefjY zL;a&mif;csvmNy;D 18 &mpkwiG f xdo
    k Ykd a&mif;csr"I avhxeG ;f um;vmonf/ NAw
    d o
    d Q bDpupf
    f iG pf wif
    ukrP
    D rsm;jzpfaom Carrs, Huntley & Palmer ESihf Crawfords wdrYk mS vnf; 1850 jynfEh pS w
    wnfaxmifum bDpupfrsm; a&mif;csvmMuonf/ ,aeYacwfumvwGirf l bDpupfrek rYf sm;udk &eHY
    trsK;d rsK;d ? Ed?Yk tom;? cspd w
    f jYkd zifh urmah 'otvdu
    k f pwkid v
    f t
    f rsK;d rsK;d jzifh wD xGijf yKvyk v
    f mMuonf/ bD
    pupfrsm;rSmvnf; EdkifiHtvkduftrnftrsKd;rsKd;jzifh yHkpH&mausmfcefY&SdaeMuNyDjzpfonf/
    Ref: Wikipedia

    jyemrsm;? tcuftcJrsm; wpfrsKd;NyD;wpfrsKd; &ifqkdifajz&Sif;&rnf/ &eftwkduftcHjyKolrsm;? remvdk


    olrsm;ESifh xdyfwkduf&ifqkdif&rnf/ aqmif&Gufxm;onfh udptvkH;pkHudk vkdufvHtaESmifht,SufjyK
    olrsm;ESifh BuHKawGU&wwfonf/ tdrfwGif;a&;? vlrIa&;tnHhrsm;BuHKrnf/ armifESrom;csif;rsm;\
    jyemrsm;udk ajz&Sif;ay;&udef;&Sdonf/ aiGaMu;udp Mum;0ifwm0ef,ljcif;? tmrcHjcif; rjyK&/

    Capricorn rum&&moDzGm; ('DZifbm22-Zefe0g&D20)

    rlvpDpOfxm;aom udprsm;udk vufawGUtaumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Guf&ef cufrnf/ &nfrSef;xm;


    onfESifh vufawGUjzpfay:rI uGm[rnf/ rawmfwq xdcdkufrI tE&m,fowd&Sd&rnf/ aiGaMu;
    tay;t,ludp? vkyfief;vufvJTvufajymif;udp&yfrsm;wGif jyemrsm;jzpfwwfonf/ teD;uyf
    vl'kuay;wwfonf/ qkH;jzwfcsufrSm;,Gif; aiGukefaMu;usrsm;wwfonf/

    Aquarius

    ukr&f moDzmG ; (Zefe0g&D21-azazmf0g&D18)

    aqmif&GuforQ atmifjrifrnf/ tBuHtpnf &nf&G,fcsufrSeforQ xGef;aygufatmifjrifatmif


    aqmif&GufEkdifrnf/ tcuftcJrsm;udk ausmfvTm; wkd;wufrIrsm; jzpfrnf/ arQmfvifhrxm;aom
    uHaumif;jcif;rsm; qufwkdufjzpfrnf/ ajz&Sif;&efcufcJ tIH;ay;vufajrmufxm;aom udprsm;udk
    jyefvnfudkifwG,fajz&Sif;&rnf/ aqmif&GufaeqJ vkyfief;xuf ydkomaomvkyfief;vkyf&rnf/

    Pisces

    rdef&moDzGm; (azazmf0g&D19-rwf20)

    vkyfkd;vkyfpOf r[kwfbJ pGefYpGefYpm;pm;vrf;xGifNyD; atmif&Gufonfrsm;rS wkd;wufaomtajctae?


    atmifjrifaom taetxm;odkY tckdiftrm zefwD;Ekdifrnf/ aiGaMu;tay;t,l owd&Sd&rnf/
    vlvrd v
    f al umuftE&m,f owd&&dS rnf/ armifErS om;csi;f rsm; twGuf pdwyf ifyef;? vlyifyef;jzpfjcif;
    BuHKrnf/ xl;jcm;aom pef;yGifhrIrsm; &Sdrnf/

    39

    Puzzle&Classified

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    Free Classified
    cktdrf
    tqifhjrifhcef;qD;vdkufumESifhul
    &Sif trsKd;rsKd;csKyfvkyfjcif;vkyfief;/
    wku
    d -f A, G-5, Pearl Condo, urm
    at;bk & m;vrf ; ES i f h q &mpH v rf ;
    axmifh/ zkef;- 09-73037776
    09-73204374
    MY DATA
    Game & Software

    &efukefNrdKUwGif&Sdaom MY DATA ,
    qkdifcJGtm;
    atmufwkdbm 1 &ufrSp [oFm
    wNrdKUwGif pwifzGifhvSpfvkdufygNyD/
    trS w f ( 1) ewf a rmf v rf ; ?yef ; bJ
    wef;&yfuGuf? [oFmwNrdKU/
    zkef;- 09 43057334
    wkdufcef;a&mif;rnf
    prf;acsmif;NrdKUe,f? ajrmif;jrvrf;
    us,f^oefY? 6 vTm? ay(12.5_
    55)? a&rD;udk,fykdif/
    zkef;- 09 73075352

    Game & Software

    Sayar Zeya
    IELTS/ TOEFL/ SAT/IGCSE
    General English, Business English, Spoken English Classes.
    PH: 09-43208060

    0efaqmifrI
    tcrf;tem; trsdK;rsdK;twGuf wD;
    0dkif;? "mwfyHkq&m? Video ? aw;oH
    &Sifrsm;? Dancer rsm;? Model rsm;
    iSm;&rf;rItwGuf 0efaqmifrIay;
    aeygonf/ zkef;- 01 209377
    tdrfta&mufoifMum;ay;onf
    rkdbkdif;qkdifzGifhvdkolrsm;? zGifhxm;NyD;

    olrsm;rkdbkdif;ESifh ywfouf pdwf


    0if p m;ol r sm;ud k trS e f w u,f
    wwfajrmufatmif tdrfta&muf
    oifMum;ay;rnf/ (tcsdef-ndEdIif;)
    zkef;- 09-448006800
    uGef'dkwkdufcef;a&mif;rnf
    - &efuif;pifwm? 7 vTm? A/C 4
    vHk;? a<ujym;cif;? zkef;(2) vdkif;?
    dk;dk;rDwm/ zkef;- 09 73126761
    q&maemifxG#f&Sdef
    Grade 10, 11 bmompHk (odkY) wpf
    bmomcsif;ESihf Grade 9, 10, 11
    ausmif;om;^olrsm;twGuo
    f cFsm
    oD;oefY tdrt
    f a&muf oifMum;ay;
    onf/ zkef;- 09 421140477
    q&mrif;ok`E(ref;wuodkvf)
    &ifaoG;i,f trnfay;jcif;? Ekdif
    iHjcm;rSm pD;yGm;&Sm&ef oifh? roifh
    ESifh jynfwGif;rSm b,fumvrSm
    BuD;yGm;rI &Sd? r&Sd pdppfay;aeonf/
    zkef;- 09 73234624
    0efaqmifrI
    qkwHqdyf ausmif;ta&mufydkY 0ef
    aqmifrI? yHkESdyf qdkifta&mufydkY 0ef
    aqmifrI/ zkef;- 09 73213280
    tdrfiSm;rnf
    a&T a wmif M um;? uar m Zvrf ; ?
    3300 sq.ft NcHwGif? 1110 sq.ft ESpf
    xyftdrfiSm;&ef? (1600 USD)/
    zkef;- 09 73206783
    NcHa&mif;rnf
    r*F v m'H k N rd K Ue,f ? yk v J N rd K Uopf ?
    oCF e f ; uRef ; BuD ; ? atmif p nf ; cH k
    bk&m;vrf;ray:? axmifhuGufNcH?

    tcrJ h a Mumf j imu@


    ay(45_175)/ zke;f - 09 5504723
    a&mif;rnf
    &efuek -f jynfvrf;? &efuek rf S rkid f 70
    cefY? ajrtus,f (1){ucGJ ay:&Sd
    wnf;cdkcef;ESihf KTV a&mif; rnf/
    zkef;- 01-611090
    q&matmif
    tv,fwef;? txufwef; t*Fvyd f
    pm 4 Skills txl;oifonf/
    zkef;- 09 421057920
    q&mOD;jrifhoef;
    7? 8? 9? 10 wef ; rsm; xl ; cRef v k d
    olrsm;twGuf ocFsmoD;oefY0dkif;
    rsm; tdrt
    f a&mufoifMum;ay;onf/
    zkef;- 09 73163044
    a&mif;rnf
    - (ajr)? ay(20_60)? *&ef? NcHcwf
    NyD;? okeEvrf;rBuD;ESihfausmuyf?
    bkrm(21)vrf;? (n)&yfuGuf? r^
    Ouvm/ zkef;- 09 49265244
    0efaqmifrI
    tdrfwGif;oHk;? vkyfief;oHk;? pufHk
    oHk; vQyfppfrD;rsm; wyfqifjcif;udk
    pepfwus 0efaqmifrIay;ygrnf/
    zkef;- 09 43106716
    *kPf&wem
    qifwHqdyfbdvyfajr? tkwf? oJ?
    ausmufESifh tdrfaqmufypnf;rsdK;
    pHk ypnf;rSef? aps;oufompGmjzifh
    tjrefay;ydkY a&mif;csaeygonf/
    zkef;- 09 5047278
    oifwef;
    tjynfjynfqidk &f m aw;*DwtrSwf
    tom;rsm; a&;om;yHkenf;pepf?

    zwfIyHkenf;pepf? *DwtrSwf t
    om;ukdMunfh uRrf;usifykdifEkdif
    pGm wD;cwfEkdifonfh enf;pepfwdkYudk
    oifMum;ay;ygonf/
    zkef;- 09 425305483
    Summer Special, Art Class

    EkdifiHwum uav;yef;csDNydKifyGJrsm;
    wGif ,SONf yKd iEf idk o
    f nftxd tdrw
    f idk f
    &ma&muf a&aq;txl; oifMum;
    ay;ygonf/ zkef;- 09 49263159
    iSm;rnf
    25 Ton Truck Crane topf iSm;
    &ef&Sdonf/zkef;- 09 421057227
    Pinky Dancer Group

    tuoifwef;
    trS w f ( 128)? 34 vrf ; tv,f ?
    3rd Floor ? ausmufww
    H m;NrKd Ue,f/
    zkef;- 09 5163512
    uGef'dkwkdufcef;iSm;rnf
    ay(75_50)? ajrnD x yf ? yxr
    xyfESihf 'kwd,xyf? trSwf-269?
    rif;eEmvrf;r? Armat;&yfuGuf?
    a'gyHk? CAPITAL ESihf a&TykpGefteD;/
    zkef;- 09 5047278
    LUCKY

    oefY&Sif;vwfqwfaom iHk;aumif
    rsm;ukd t&G,ftpm;tvdkuf &&Sd
    Ekdifygonf/ e,frS rSm,lolrsm;udk
    um;*dwfta&muf 0efaqmifrIay;
    ygonf/
    zkef;- 09 5163512
    vdyfpmajymif;aMunmjcif;
    PINKY (Dress Designer)
    128, 34 th Street, Middle, 3 rd

    Floor, Kyauktada Tsp, Yangon.


    Ph: 09 5163512
    Dr. pEm (Ph.D, Maths)
    9? 10 wef; International School
    (Secondary wef;rsm;), I.G.C.S.E
    (Cambridge & Edexeel) ocFsm
    oD;oefY tdrfta&mufoifonf/
    zkef;- 09 420035244
    tjrefa&mif;rnf
    ajrwl;puf (Backhoe) 2 pD;/
    zkef;- 09 8633612
    oifMum;onf
    10 wef; (bmompH)k oD;oefY Guide
    ESihf Civil, Mechanical, Textile
    Major wdkYudk bmom&yftvdkuf
    Guide oifay;onf/
    zkef;- 09 73037154

    rsm;twGufvnf; *pfwmESihf wGJ


    zuf wD ; wwf qd k w wf a tmif
    oifMum;ay;onf/
    zkef;- 09 421156070
    a&mif;rnf
    ay(23_60)? tdrfESihfNcH? a&rD;tpHk?
    u-3 vrf;? NrdKUopf? tif;pdef/
    zkef;- 09 73094956
    Miss English

    q&mPf (B.A English)


    English Grammer tdrfvdkufoif
    onf/ 8? 9? 10? First Year, Second

    t*Fvyd pf mudktajccHrpS avhvm


    csifolrsm;? vli,f? vlBuD;? EkdifiHjcm;
    oGm;? tvkyf Interview ESifh t*Fvyd f
    pm tcuftcJ&Sdolrsm;twGuf/
    zkef;- 09 49336048
    oHCmawmfrsm;twGuf
    t*Fvdyfpmoifwef;(ynm'ge)
    yxrBuD;wef; atmifjrifNyD;aom
    &[ef;awmfrsm;tm; EkdifiHjcm;okdY
    omoemjyKoG m ;Ek d i f & ef E S i h f jynf
    wG i f ; jynf y wu o d k v f r sm;wG i f
    ynmoif,lEkdif&ef &nf&G,fonf/
    zkef;- 09 421132391
    a&mif;&ef&Sdonf
    t&nftaoG;jrihf 0g;? rD;aoG;a&mif;
    &ef&Sdonf/ zkef;- 09 73112075
    rD;pufa&mif;rnf

    Year,Ph: 09 450040328

    40 KVA/ 50 KVA/ 100 KVA, War-

    a&mif;rnf
    uGefysLwm 14 pHk? Accessory t
    jynfhtpHkESihf Computer Stand yg
    0ifonf/ zkef;- 09 420117994
    *pfwmoifwef;
    wpfOD;csif;twwf? yHkrSefoifwef;?
    &ufwo
    kd ifwef;? tqd0k goemygol

    ranty tjynfh&Sdygao;onf/

    Victor

    t*Fvdyfpum;ajym(oD;oefY) t
    ajccHtm;enf;olrsm;twGuf/
    oD;oefY0dkif;(usyf-10000)
    zkef;- 09 5096794
    Auspicious Eduland

    zkef;- 09 41010438
    0efaqmifrI
    uGefysLwmESifh ywfoufonfh udp
    t00ud k pd w f w d k i f ; usonf t xd
    0efaqmifrIay;ygonf/
    zkef;- 09-420176124

    40

    Article

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    trItcif;rsm;wGif ywfoufaeaom uav;i,frsm;ESifh 18 ESpftxuf


    jypfrIusL;vGefjcif;cH&aom trsKd;orD;rsm; a&SUaetcrJh iSm;Ekdif
    xGef;cdkif
    &efukef? pufwifbm-29
    trI t cif ; rsm;twG i f ; yg0if
    ywfoufaeonfh touf 18
    ESpfatmuf uav;oli,f? vl
    i,frsm;ESifh touf 18 ESpf t
    xuf jypf r I u sL;vG e f j cif ; cH &
    onfh trsKd;orD;rsm; w&m;&if
    qkdif&mwGif a&SUaeiSm;&rf;c t
    cuftcJ&Sdolrsm; orm"d azmif
    a';&Sif;rS tcrJha&SUaevkdufay;
    rnfjzpfaMumif; tqkdyg azmif
    a';&Si;f rS taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;
    rSL;OD;idkifqmhcfu ajymonf/
    ,if;uJhodkY tcrJh a&SUae
    vkdufay;rItwGuf tultnD
    awmif ; cH & mwG i f touf 18
    ESpfatmuf jzpfygu jypfrIusL;
    vGefjcif;cH&olrsm;? jypfrIusL;
    vGefol[k pGyfpJGcH&olrsm;tm;

    tultnDay;rnf[k if;uqkd
    onf/

    touf 18 ES p f t xuf
    jzpfygu trsKd;orD;jzpfonfht
    wGuf jypfrIusL;vGefjcif;cH&ol
    (epfemol)rsm;twGuf ulnv
    D yk f
    aqmif a y;rnf [ k if ; u qd k
    onf/

    tqkdyg a&SUae tult
    nDay;rIrsm;udk 2007 ckESpf 'DZif
    bmvrSpwifNyD; ukvor*t
    zJGUtpnf;wpfckjzpfonfh ,leD
    qufEiS hfjrefrmEkid if H c&pf,meft
    oif;awmfrsm;aumifpD(MCC)
    wkdY tultnDjzifh Legal Aid
    Project trnfjzifh vkyfudkifcJh
    aMumif;? tqkdygpDrHudef;onf
    2011 Ek d 0 if b mvwG i f owf
    rSwfumv NyD;qkH;oGm;aMumif;?
    pDrHudef;umv NyD;qkH;oGm;aomf

    vnf ; quf v uf t ul t nD
    awmif;cHolrsm;aMumifh apw
    em&S i f a&S U aersm; pk p nf ; NyD ;
    orm"d azmifa';&Si;f trnfjzifh
    qufvufvyk u
    f ikd o
    f mG ;rnf jzpf
    aMumif; OD;idkifqmhcfu ajym
    onf/ ,if;okH;ESpfwmumvt
    wGif; uav;oli,fESifh vli,f
    3400 ausmf E S i f h touf 18
    ESpftxuf trsKd;orD; 500
    ausmfwkdYtm; trItcifrsm;wGif
    tcrJh a&SUaevkyfief;rsm; ulnD
    ay;EkdifcJhaMumif; if;u ajym
    onf/
    ]]wpfydkifwpfEdkif qufvkyf
    ae&w,f / tcsKd U ae&mrS m t
    cuftcJ&w
    dS ,f/ b,furS tul
    tnDr&bJ a&SUaeawGu apw
    emeJYyJ vkdufvkyfay;ae&awmh
    pm;0wfaea&;vnf; &Sdao;wm

    qdkawmh xifoavmuf tult


    nDray;Ekdifbl;}} [k if;u qdk
    onf/
    tultnDay;a&; vkyif ef;
    vkyfudkifonfh a&SUaetiftm;
    onf v nf ; ,cif u 1000
    ausmfjzifh vkyfudkifcJhaomfvnf;
    ,cktcg 400 cefYom usef&Sd
    awmhaMumif;? wpfNrdKUe,fwGif
    wm0ef c H v k y f a qmif a y;rnf h
    a&SU aewpfO;D xm;&So
    d nfh ykpH jH zifh
    aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
    OD;idik q
    f mhcu
    f ajymonf/
    orm"d azmifa';&Si;f xH t
    ultnDawmif;cHvydk gu trSwf
    104-pD? yxrxyf? wkduf 10^
    12? 35 vrf;? ausmufwHwm;NrdKU
    e,f&efuek Nf rKd Uzke;f -098618196?
    09 5160784 odkY qufoG,fEkdif
    aMumif; if;uajymonf/

    pm(40)pHy,fawmif aMu;eDpDrHudef;wpf0dkuf ajratmufa&okH;r&jcif;udk ukrPD&Sif; rS


    1998 ck E S p f a emuf y d k i f ;
    jrefrmtdkifAif;[dk;ukrPDrS vkyf
    udkifcJhNyD; ,if;rSwpfqifh 2011
    wGif jrefrm,rfpDu jrefrmhpD;
    yGm;a&;OD;ydkifvDrdwufESifh yl;
    aygif;vkyfudkifvsuf&Sdonf/

    jrefrmtdkifAif;[dk;ukrPD
    vkyu
    f ikd cf phJ Ofu owKoefpY if&m
    wGif obm0ywf0ef;ESifh udkuf
    nDaom obm0ywf0ef;usif
    pDrHcefYcGJrI xdef;odrf;a&; tod
    rSwjf yKvufrw
    S f &&Scd o
    hJ nf/ ,ck

    aemufydkif;wGif ajratmufa&
    npfnrf;rI jyoemrsm; BuHKawGU
    &onf t ay: jref r m,rf p D
    ukrPDonf jrefrmtdkifAif;[dk;
    ukrPDuJodkY obm0ywf0ef;
    usifESifh udkufnDaom rnfonfh

    owKoefZY ifonfpepfjzifh vnf


    ywf a eonf u d k ar;cG e f ; rsm;
    xkwfcJhMuonf/ *&if;rD;&xm;
    wGif jyKvkyfaom jrefrm,rfpD\
    obm0ywf0ef;usiq
    f ikd &f m xde;f
    odrf;apmifha&Smufrlrsm; rnfodkY

    tarESifhrdwfqufjcif;
    uRefawmfoli,fcsif;wGif cspfol&SdaeNyDjzpf&m olYcspfoludk
    rdcifEiS hf rdwq
    f ufay;&ef jyifqifonf/ odaYk omf olt
    Y arbuf
    vdu
    k rf I uif;uif;jzifh qH;k jzwfEikd &f ef cspo
    f El iS t
    hf wl tjcm;rde;f
    uav;oli,fcsif;oHk;OD;udkyg ac:aqmifoGm;onf/ olvuf
    xyfrnfh cspo
    f rl mS rnfojl zpfaMumif;udv
    k nf; rdciftm; ajym
    rxm;ay/
    rde;f uav; av;a,mufjyefomG ;NycD sed w
    f iG f oli,fcsi;f u
    rdcifem;uyf ar;vkdufonf/
    ]]arar om;eJY vufxyfr,fh rdef;uav;udk cefYrSef;vkdY&
    vm;}}
    ]]qHyifwdkwkdeJY rdef;uav;r[kwfvm;}}
    ]][kww
    f ,f/ araru b,fvv
    dk yk o
    f v
    d }J } [k om;uar;
    &m ]]bmjzpfvkdYvJqdkawmh tJ'Dwpfa,mufudk igoabmrus
    vkdYbJ}} [k jyefajymygonf/

    Yes or No
    wpfaeYwGif wefzdk;enf;aom avaMumif;c&D;jzifh c&D;
    oGm;aepOf av,mOfr,fu a&SUckHrS c&D;onftrsKd;om;tm;
    ,ckvkdar;onf/
    ]]naepm pm;rvm;&Sifh}}
    wGif c&D;onfu ]]bmawGrsm;a&G;p&m&SdygovJ}} [k
    ar;&m
    ]]Yes or No ygyJ&Sifh}} [kqdkygavonf/
    jyKvyk Nf y;D vpOfa&t&nftaoG;
    wdkif;wmjcif;udk ,rm;acsmif;
    ESifh csif;wGif;jrpfrsm;wGif jyKvkyf

    aMumif; ajymMum;cJhaomfvnf;
    rnfonfh&v'fxGuf&SdaMumif;
    udkajymMum;cJhjcif; r&Sdacs/

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    pHy,fawmif aMu;eDpDrHudef;wpf0dkuf ajratmufa&okH;r&jcif;udk ukrPD&Sif;


    tdjzLrGef
    &efukef? pufwifbm-29
    pHy,fawmif aMu;eDpDrHudef; t
    eD;wpf0dkuf&Sd ajratmufa&rsm;
    aomuf o H k ; r&jcif ; rS m jref r m
    ,rfpDukrPDESifh oufqdkifrl r&Sd
    aMumif; ,if;ukrPDvlxk quf
    qHa&;t&m&Sd OD;atmifaZmfvif;
    u *&if;rD;&xm; [dkw,fwGif
    awGUqHak om pme,fZif;&Si;f vif;
    yGJ jiif;qdkvdkufonf/
    aus;&Gmav;&GmtwGif;&Sd
    ajratmuf a &rsm;wG i f tuf
    ppf"mwfyg0ifrI rsm;NyD; aomuf
    oHk; r&jcif;rSm ukrPDrS pGefY
    ypfypnf;rsm;ESifh oufqdkifrI r&Sd
    aMumif;? ,ckuJodkY jzpfay:&
    jcif;rSm jrefrmtdik Af if;[d;k ukrP
    D
    vTJajymif;r,lrD 1997 ckESpfu
    tpdk;& vnfywfcJhaom tjrKyf
    x puf H k \ tusd K ;tmed o if
    aMumifhjzpfaMumif;? ,if;pGefYypf
    cJah om t&nfrsm;udk a'ocHrsm;
    wpfyikd w
    f pfEikd af Mu;csu&f mrS 10
    ESpfMumaom tcsdefwGif tusdK;

    tmedoif jzpfay:vmjcif;jzpf
    aMumif;? ,ckvnfywfaeaom
    rdrdwdkYukrPDu tqdyfjzpfap
    rnfh pGefYypft rIdufudk pepfwus
    pGeyYf pfaMumif; OD;atmifaZmfvif;
    u ajymMum;onf/
    rnfolaMumihfjzpfap ywf
    0ef;usif npfnrf;rIjzpfapumrl
    OD;ykdifESihf jrefrm,rfpDukrPDwkdY
    onf owKwiG ;f ukv
    d ufvaJT jymif;
    ,l tusKd;tjrwfrsm; cHpm;&&Sd
    ovkd ywf0ef;usifnpfnrf;rI
    rsm;ukdvnf; wm0ef,lajz&Sif;
    onhfenf;vrf;rsm; &SmazGoihf
    aMumif; tpdrf;a&mifuGef&ufrS
    Ou| a':a'0DoefYpifu ajym
    onf/ ajratmufa&csKdaomuf
    okH;vkdYr&onhf jyemrsm;ukd
    ajz&Sif;&rnfhtjyif avxknpf
    nrf;rI (avxkxJwGif tufqpf
    yg0ifrI)ukd acwfrDavxknpf
    nrf;rIwkdif;wmonhf pufypnf;
    ,if;a'owGiw
    f nfaxmifxm;
    oihfaMumif; ywf0ef;usifnpf
    nrf;rI&Sd?r&Sdukd yGihfvif;jrifom

    pGmcsjyNyD; npfnrf;rI wu,f


    &Syd gu pDru
    H ed ;f &yfem;onftxd
    wm0efcaH jz&Si;f oihaf Mumif; a':
    a'0DoefYpifu ajymonf/
    ]]a&eJYywfoufNyD;ajym&if
    uHukef;aus;&Gmudk 'DESpf arv
    rSm ppfaq;cJhw,f/ uHukef;&Gm
    ta&SU? taemuf? awmif? ajrmuf
    ajratmuf a &uk d rE a v;u
    "mwfcGJcef;rSmppfwJhtcg oHk;vdkY
    r&bl;vdkY tajzxGufygw,f/
    &GmuvlawGu wjcm;ae&mu
    ,loHk;aeMuygw,f}}
    ,if;aus;&Gmrsm;\ ajrqD
    vTmESifh ajratmufa&prf;oyf
    rIrsm; avhvmcJhol a':a'0DoefY
    pifu trSew
    f u,f ajratmuf
    a&rsm; npf n rf ; aeonf u d k
    awG U &S d & aMumif ; wnf j yKajym
    Mum;jcif;jzpfonf/
    ]]1997 ESpfwkef;u tjrKyf
    xpuf H k u d k tpd k ; &u wnf
    aqmufcJhygw,f/ ,l*dkqvm;
    AD;,m;EdkifiHu vufaqmifay;
    cJhwmyg/ pufHkuvnf;a[mif;

    enf;ynmuvnf; a[mif;w,f/
    tJ'Dwkef; EdkifiHjcm;aiGeJY 0,f&
    wJhtwGuf vdktyfwJh puft&ef
    ypnf;udk r0,fbJ vnfywfcJh
    ygw,f / tJ ' gaMumif h pG e f Y y pf
    ypnf;udk trsm;BuD; pGefYypfcJh&
    ygw,f/ tJ'DpGefYypfa&awGu
    v,fawGxJudk0ifw,f/ tJ'Dt
    csd e f r S m aus;&G m awG r S m t&yf
    enf;ynmt& aMu;csuw
    f hJ vkyf
    ief;awG vkyfMuygw,f/ enf;
    pepfruswJh tJ'Dvkyfief;awG
    aMumif h q,f E S p f a vmuf M um
    awmh tpG r f ; ow d a wG jyvm
    wmjzpfygw,f}} [k txufyg
    yk*dKvfu ajymonf/
    pD r H u d e f ; teD ; aexd k i f o l
    rsm;u ,rm;acsmif ; wG i f ; od k h
    pGefYypf&nfrsm;rSm ,cifu eD
    usifusifta&mifrS ,ckwkwf
    ukrPDrS pGefYypfaom pGefYypfa&
    rSm tjzLa&miftenfESpfrsm;odkY
    ajymif;vJpGefYypfaMumif;? ,cif
    u eD u sif u sif t&nf r sm;ud k
    usi,
    f &l mwGif aMu;eDrsm;xGu&f dS

    aomf v nf ; ,ck , if ; a&rsm;


    onf aMu;eD r xG u f a Mumif ; ?
    odkYaomfvnf; ,if;a&pD;qif;
    onfh a&rsm;xdawGUygu tyif
    rjzpfxGef;aMumif; uHukef;aus;
    &GmwGif aexdkifolrsm;u ,if;
    aus;&GmwGif oGm;a&mufawGU
    qHkpOfu ajymjyMuonf/
    ]]aMu;pif a wmif pH y ,f
    awmif u ae tuf p pf z sef ; wJ h
    pepfaMumifh aus;&GmudktaiGU
    awG a&mufvmw,f/ aus;&Gm
    a&awG u vk H ; 0ud k o H k ; vd k U r&
    awmhbl;/ NyD;awmh tJ'DrSm tuf
    ppfpufkH vnfywfw,f/ tuf
    ppf p uf H k teD ; em;rS m pmoif
    ausmif ; &S d w ,f / tJ ' D p moif
    ausmif;u tJ'DtaiGU&SLIdufcJh&
    w,f/ avxknpfnrf;rIawG &Sd
    w,f/ uRefawmfwdkh vufawGUcH
    pm;ae&NyD}}[k ,cifu tjzpf
    ysufrsm;ESifh ,ckcHpm;&rIrsm;udk
    uHukef;aus;&Gmom;wpfOD;u
    ajymonf/
    uHukef;ESifh 'kef;awm aus;

    jrpfqkHpDrHudef; xm0&&yfqkdif;ay;&ef 0kdif;0ef;awmif;qkd


    tdjzLrGef
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-3
    atmufwdkbm 3 &ufu jyKvkyf
    cJhaom {&m0wDjrpf u,fwif
    jcif; wpfESpfjynfh txdrf;trSwf
    vIyf&Sm;rIyGJwGif jrpfqHka&tm;
    vQypf pfprD u
    H ed ;f udk orwOD;ode;f
    pdef orw oufwrf;wGifom
    r[kwb
    f J xm0&&yfqidk ;f ay;&ef
    obm0ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;
    a&;vIyf&Sm;olrsm;u awmif;qkd
    vdkufonf/
    wpfESpfjynfh vIyf&Sm;rI t
    xdrf;trSwf a[majymyGJtcrf;
    tem;wGif 88 rsdK;quf ausmif;
    om;rsm;tzGJUrS udkNyHK;csdKESihf o

    bm0ywf0ef;usif xde;f odr;f a&;


    vIyf&Sm;olrsm;jzpfonhf OD;0if;
    rsdK;ol? OD;xGef;vGif(rdk;av0o)?
    udw
    k m? armifped 0f if; (ykw;D uke;f )
    wkdY wufa&mufNyD; wufa&muf
    vmol vl50 ausmfu ,ckuJhodkY
    awmif;qdkvdkufjcif; jzpfonf/
    ]]{&m0wDjrpfqHk pDrHudef;
    udk&yfwm wpfESpfausmfygNyD/
    'gayrJh 100 &mckdifEIef; &yfao;
    wmr[kwfbl;/ {&m0wDa&&Snf
    pD;qif;zdkY orwoufwrf;wif
    r[kwb
    f ;l / xm0&&yfqikd ;f ay;zdYk
    awmif;qdkygw,f}} [k 88 rsdK;
    quf ausmif ; om;rsm;tzG J U rS
    udkNyHK;csdKu ajymonf/

    Environment

    Cartoon

    or w ouf w rf ; umv
    wGifom &yfqdkif;xm;jcif;jzpf
    aomaMumif h wk w f a &tm;
    vQyfppfukrPDu jyefvnfvkyf
    aqmifcGifh&rnhf arQmfvifhcsuf&Sd
    aeNyD; &yfem;xm;onhf umv
    twGif; aiGaMu;qHk;IH;rlrsm; &Sd
    aeaMumif; wkwfa&tm;vQyf
    ppfurk P
    (D CPI)'kOu|u 7 Day
    News journal ESifh ab*sif;wGif
    awGUqHkpOfu ajymMum;cJhonf/
    pDrHudef;udk ,m,D&yfem;
    onf oabmtoG i f a qmif
    aomaMumif h a&tm;vQyf p pf
    pD r H u d e f ; aMumif h ajymif ; a&T U &
    onhfaus;&Gmav;&GmrS aus;&Gm
    om;rsm;udk jyefvnftajccs ae
    xdkifjcif;rsm; cGifhjyKcJhjcif; r&Sd
    acs/ tdrf&mopfwGif aexdkifMu
    olrsm;u ae&mtopfwGif pm;
    0wfaea&; tqifrajyrIrsm;udk
    MuHKawGUae&aMumif; a'ocHt
    oHaumuf,x
    l m;aom ppfwrf;
    pmtkyfwGif azmfjyxm;onf/
    ]]orwBuD;u wkwfjynf
    eJY tar&duefEkdifiHudk oGm;wkef;
    uEkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIudk t
    csuaf v;csuef YJ udu
    k n
    f &D if vuf
    cHr,fvkdY ajymw,f/ (1) trsdK;
    om;tusdK;pD;yGm;udk rxdckduf
    bl;qkd&if (2) EkdifiH&JU *kPfodum
    udkrxdckdufbl; (3) tcsKyftjcm
    tmPmudk rxdcu
    dk b
    f ;l (4) o,H

    wpfESpfjynfhtcrf;tem;wGifawGU&onfh OD;0if;rsKd;ol

    Zmw ywf0ef;usifukd rxdcdkuf


    bl;qkd&if vufcHr,fvdkY ajymyg
    w,f/ jrpfqHk[m 'Dav;csufeJY
    rudkufnDygbl;/ tckjrpfqHku
    orwoufwrf;rSm &yfaewJht
    wGufvHk;0&yfao;wm r[kwyf g
    bl;/ tJ'gaMumihf orw ouf
    wrf;qdak wmh aemuforwouf
    wrf;umvrSm 'DorwyJ jyefa&G;
    &rvdk jzpfaeygw,f}} [k rdk;Zv
    ynm&S i f OD ; xG e f ; vG i f u ajym
    Mum;onf/

    "mwfykH-tdjzLrGef

    obm0ywf0ef;usif xdef;
    odrf;a&;vIyf&Sm;olrsm;u jrpf
    qHpk rD u
    H ed ;f udk &yfqikd ;f vdu
    k af omf
    vnf; pDrHudef;tm;vkH;udk qdkvdk
    jcif; [kw?f r[kwf uGjJ ym;pGm azmf
    jyrlr&Sad Mumif;? jrpfqpkH rD u
    H ed ;f udk
    &yfqdkif;jcif;jzifh {&m0wDjrpf\
    obm0ywf0ef;usif xdcdkufrI
    avsmhvdrfhrnf r,lqxm;aom
    aMumif; pDrHudef;ckESpfckvkH;udk
    wpf N yd K if w nf ; &yf e m;apcsif
    aMumif; ,if;aqG;aEG;yGJwGif

    &Gmrsm;wGif ,ckESpf ZGef 8 &ufu


    vkyfief;cGifusef;rma&;rS ajr
    atmufa&wGif tufppfyg0ifrI
    &Sd? r&Sdukd vma&mufppfaq;Mu
    aomf v nf ; ,ck t csd e f t xd
    aus;&G m a'ocH r sm;tm; ppf
    aq;rI tajzxkwfjyefcJhjcif; r&Sd
    aMumif;? odkYaomf aus;&Gmwpf
    0dkufwGif avoifh&mygvmaom
    pl;&S&t
    S eHu
    Y kd &SLIu
    d af e&aMumif;?
    &H zef&Hcg rsufvkH;pyfjcif;rsm; cH
    pm;&aMumif; ,if;aus;&GmwGif
    aexdkifolrsm;u ajymonf/
    ]]tdik Af if;[d;k pufu
    kH owK
    oefYpifwJhtcg ywf0ef;usif xd
    cdu
    k rf eI nf;atmif tuket
    f uscH
    Ny;D enf;atmifvyk w
    f ,f/ wkwf
    u tJ'Dvdkvkyf? rvkyfudk odcsif
    w,f/ yGifhvif;jrifompGm csjy
    oifw
    h ,fvYxif
    kd w,f}}[kECODk w
    f m OD;rsKd ;
    EV rS refae*si;f 'gdu
    oluajymonf/ pHy,fawmif
    aMu;eDwl;azmfa&;pDrHudef;udk
    1997 ckESpfwGif jrefrmtpdk;&u
    azmfxkwfcJhonf/ pm(40) odkY
    awmif;qdkMuonf/

    ]]jrpfqHkpDrHudef;u vHk;0
    &yfqkdif;vdkufwm r[kwfwJht
    wGuf uRefawmfwdkY oGm;&r,hf
    vrf;u rqHk;ao;bl;/ jrpfqHkpDrH
    ud e f ; wpf c k w if r[k w f y gbl ; /
    usefwJh pDrHudef;ajcmufckyg &yf
    qkdif;zkdY vkdygw,f/ tcku r&Sif;
    r&Sif;jzpfaew,f/ jynfolvlxk
    u em;vnf w mu jrpf q H k p D r H
    udef;vkdYqdk&if pDrHudef; ckepfck
    vH;k yg/ 'gayrJh tck &yfqikd ;f vdu
    k f
    wm ckepfckvm;? wpfckvm; ruGJ
    jym;bl; jzpfaew,f}} [k ECODEV rS refae*sif;'gkdufwm OD;
    0if;rsdK;olu ajymonf/
    {&m0wDudk u,fwifjcif;
    wpfESpfjynfh txdrf;trSwf vIyf
    &Sm;rIudk ZrLoD&dy&[dwvli,f
    rsm;u OD;aqmifNyD; atmufwkd
    bm 3 &uf rGef;vJG 2 em&DwGif
    awmf 0 if E S i f ; qD c ef ; r {&m0
    wDjrpfu,fwifjcif; ynm&yf
    qkdif&m aqG;aEG;rIrsm; jyKvkyfcJh
    onf/

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm;tm;
    wm;jrpfxm;onfh ae&mtcsKdU
    ukrPDpDpOfrIjzifh cGifhjyK
    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    cdkifcsKd

    EkdifiHjcm;om;tBudKufqkH;c&D;pOfwpfae&mjzpfaom iyvDurf;ajc

    nrxGuf&trdefY rkyfodrf;ao; iyvDurf;ajcodkY EkdifiHjcm;{nfhonf0ifa&mufrI avsmhzG,f&Sd


    jrwfpkrGef
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-5
    rd;k &moDwiG f ydwx
    f m;onfh iyvD
    urf;ajc[dw
    k ,fvyk if ef;rsm; jyef
    vnfzGifhvSpfvkdufNyD jzpfaomf
    vnf; nrxGu&f trdeu
    Yf kd w&m;
    0ifjyefvnfrkyo
    f rd ;f ao;ojzifh
    Ekid if jH cm;c&D;oGm; BudKwifrmS ,lrI
    rsm; usqif;oGm;aMumif; iyvD
    urf;ajc[dw
    k ,frsm;rS pkpH rf;od&dS
    &onf/
    ]]umzsL;udk w&m;0ifrkyf
    odr;f ao;awmh c&D;oGm;vkyif ef;
    awGu bGwfcfuifawG jyefkyf
    odr;f Muw,f/ atmufwb
    kd m t
    wGufqdk&if bGwfcfuif 40 &m
    ckid Ef eI ;f avmufusomG ;w,f}} [k
    iyvDurf;ajc? vif;omaus;&Gm
    &Sd trw [dw
    k ,frS Room Divi-

    sion Manager

    a':vGifvGif

    NyHK;u ajymonf/
    &ckdifjynfe,f NrdKUe,ftcsKdU
    wGif jzpfyGm;cJhonfh vlrsKd;a&;
    y#dyursm;aMumifh oufqkdif&m
    u nrxGuf& trdefYxkwfjyef
    xm;aomfvnf; oHwJGNrdKUe,f
    wGif tajctae at;csrf;rI&Sd
    aMumif; if;uqufvufajym
    onf/ atmufwb
    kd mvtwGuf
    BudKwifrSm,lrItcsKdU zsufodrf;
    vku
    d Mf uaomfvnf; Ek0d ifbmESihf
    'DZifbmvrsm;twGufrl zsuf
    odrf;jcif; r&Sdao;aMumif; a':
    vGifvGifNyHK;u ajymonf/
    nrxGuf& trdefYudk xkwf
    jyefxm;aomfvnf; ,ckaemuf
    ydkif;wGif uefYowfcsdefavQmhcs
    vk d u f j cif ; rsm;&S d N yD ; a'ocH [ d k

    w,f 0efxrf;rsm; oGm;vma&;


    twGuf 0efxrf;oGm;vmcGifhjyK
    uwfrsm; pDpOfay;&ef NrdKUe,ft
    axGaxG tkycf sKyaf &;rSL;H;k ESihf nd
    EIdif;xm;aMumif; iyvDurf;ajc
    [dkw,fZkefOu| OD;ausmfpGm
    armifarmifu ajymonf/

    ]]orw EkdifiHjcm;c&D;pOf
    roGm;cifu umzsL;udk tNyD;kyf
    odrf;ay;zdkY jynfe,fuwpfqifh
    wifjyxm;wm&Sdygw,f/ olwdkY
    u jyefar;w,f/ wm0ef,lEkdif
    rvm;qdkNyD;? 'gaMumifh NrdKUrd NrdKUz
    awGwkdifyifNyD; kyfodrf;ay;zdkY
    jyefwifxm;ygw,f/ ckxdawmh
    jyefusrvmao;ygbl;}[k OD;ausmf
    pGmarmifarmifu ajymonf/
    ,cktcsdefwGif vma&muf
    vnf y wf v suf & S d o nf h ur m

    vSnfhc&D;onftcsKdU&SdNyD; *smref?
    jyifopfESifh wkwfEkdifiHom;rsm;
    jzpfaMumif; txufygyk*Kd vx
    f rH S
    od&onf/
    ]]c&D;oGm; at*sifhawGu
    umzsL;udk pmeJYayeJY kyfodrf;ap
    csifw,f/ rkyfodrf;ao;wJht
    wGuf {nfhonfrSmvnf; pdk;&drf
    rI&adS ew,f}} [k if;u ajymMum;
    onf/

    vuf&SdwGif iyvDurf;ajc
    odkY &efukefavaMumif;vkdif;?
    tJrEav;? tJyk*H? tJuarmZ
    ESifh jrefrmhavaMumif;vkdif;wkdY
    ajy;qJGay;vsuf&SdNyD; {nfhonf
    t0ifvnf; &SdaeNyDjzpfaMumif;
    iyvDurf;ajc&Sd av,mOfvuf
    rSwfta&mif;aumifwmrS wm
    0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajymonf/

    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-6
    ,ckv 1 &ufrS pwif Ekid if H jcm;om;{nfo
    h nfrsm;tm; oGm;vm&ef
    wm;jrpfxm;onfh ae&mtcsKUd tm; ukrP
    pD pD OfrjI zifh vmonfh Ekid if H
    jcm;om;rsm;udk jyefvnfomG ;vmcGijhf yKvu
    dk af Mumif; [dw
    k ,fEiS chf &D;
    oGm;vma&;vkyfief;rS owif;&&Sdonf/
    ]]tckc&D;oGm;vkyif ef;awG u Program jy&w,f/ oGm;vmcGihf
    ygrpfavQmuf&w,f/ ygrpf&&ifawmh oGm;cGifh&NyD/ t"duuawmh
    {nhfonfawG&JU vkHNcHKa&;aMumifh oGm;cGifhrjyKwmyg/ ucsifrSmqdk
    wcsKdUae&mawGu vkHNcHKrIr&Sdao;bl;}}[k pydef{nfhvrf;TefwpfOD;
    jzpfoludkausmfolu ajymonf/
    c&D;pOftptqk;H tm; c&D;oGm;ukrP
    rD S wm0ef,Nl y;D ydaYk qmif
    ay;&aom Package Tour tpDtpOftm; jyefvnfcGifhjyKjcif;jzpf
    aMumif;? ,cifu e,fajra'otvkduf uefYowfxm;aom ae&m
    tcsKUd tm; c&D;oGm;{nfo
    h nfrsm;taejzifh rdrw
    d EYkd pS o
    f uf&m c&D;oGm;
    ukrP
    jD zifhcsw
    d q
    f uf oGm;vmEkid Nf yjD zpfaMumif; [dw
    k ,fEiS chf &D;oGm;
    vkyfief;0efBuD;Xme wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajymonf/
    ]]{nfo
    h nfawGu ppfawG? ajrmufO;D udkoGm;vmrIrsm;Muw,f/
    &Sr;f jynfe,frmS qdk usKid ;f wkaH ygh/ ucsijf ynfe,feYJ &ckid af 'oudak wmh
    tckjzpfaewJhtaMumif;t&mawGaMumifh {nfhonfawGu ydkoGm;
    csifMuw,f}} [k xGef;jrefrmc&D;oGm;vkyfief;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;
    u ajymonf/
    &ckdifjynfe,f? ucsifjynfe,fESifh &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd a'otcsKdU
    tm;uefo
    Y wfe,fajrtjzpf xm;&S&d mrS ,cktcg Package Tour rsm;
    tm; jyefvnfomG ;vmcGiahf y;aomfvnf; wpfO;D csi;f c&D;oGm;rsm;udk
    rl if;wkdY\ vkHNcHKa&;tajctaeaMumifh cGifhjyKjcif;r&Sdao;aMumif;
    atmufwb
    kd m 6 &ufxw
    k Ef idk if yH ikd o
    f wif;pmwGif azmfjyyg&So
    d nf/
    &ckdifjynfe,f\ a'owGif; tajctaeaMumifh ,ckESpf Mo*kwfv
    30 &ufrS pwif c&D;oGm;{nfo
    h nf t0iftm;ydwx
    f m;cJ&h mrS puf
    wifbm29&ufwiG f[dw
    k ,fEiS hc&D
    f ;oGm;vma&;vkyif ef;0efBu;D Xmeu
    jyefvnfziG ahf y;cJo
    h nf/ ucsijf ynfe,fa'otcsKUd tm; w&m;0ifwm;
    jrpfxm;jcif;r&Sad omfvnf; c&D;oGm;{nfo
    h nfrsm;taejzifh xdak 'o
    rsm;odkY oGm;vmEkdif&efcGifhjyKrdefYawmif;cH&aMumif; od&onf/

    43

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    Cartoon

    44

    Asia

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    wkwfEdkifiH&Sd

    ajrmufudk&D;,m;
    ppfom;wpfOD;
    txuft&m&SdESpfOD;udk
    ypfowfNyD;
    awmifudk&D;,m;odkY
    bufajymif;ckdvHI

    iPhone 5

    pufkHwGif
    qEjyrIjzpfyGm;
    qefz&efppudk?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    wkwfEkdifiH&Sd tufyJvfukrPD
    \tdik zf ek ;f zdu
    k f zke;f rsm; xkwv
    f yk f
    &m Foxconn pufkHwGif tvkyf
    orm;axmifaygif;rsm;pGm o
    ydwaf rSmufqEjyrIrsm; jzpfymG ;chJ
    NyD; prwfzkef;rsm; xkwfvkyfrIudk
    xdckdufcJhaMumif; wkwftvkyf
    orm;apmif h M unh f a &;tzJ G U u
    ajymMum;onf/
    tdkifzkef; prwfzkef;ta&
    twGufrsm;pGmudk urmwpf0ef;
    wpfBudrfwnf; wpfNydKifwnf;
    trsm;qHk; pwifa&mif;cschJ&NyD;
    tufyJvftwGuf ta&;BuD;ae
    aomtcsd e f w G i f ,ck o yd w f
    arSmufrI owif;ay:xGufvm
    jcif;jzpfonf/ tufyJvfukrPD
    taejzif h ,ck t csd e f r S m yif
    rSm,lrIrsm;udk ay;ydkYEdkif&ef kef;

    uefae&onf/
    tvk y f o rm; 3000?
    4000 cefYonf atmufwdkbm
    5 &ufaeYv,fydkif;rS pwif
    &SefZl;a'o&Sd Foxconn pufkH
    wGipf wifqEjycJMh uonf[k t

    vkyform;rsm;tm; udk;um;
    apmif h M unh f a &;tzJ G U u ajym
    onf/
    atmufwdkbmv 8 &uf
    wG i f p wif r nh f ]a&T a &mif & uf
    ow y wf t m;vyf & uf } [k

    wkwfEdkifiHwGif ac:qdkaom
    oD w if ; ywf t m; tvk y f v k y f
    ay;&efESifh wdusvGef;aom t
    &nftaoG;xdef;csKyfrIrsm;udk r
    auseyfaomaMumifh tvkyfo
    rm;rsm;u ,ckuJhodkY qEjyMu

    jcif;jzpfaMumif; od&onf/
    ,if;udpESifh ywfouf
    tufyv
    J u
    f rk P
    u
    D rSwcf suaf y;
    &efjiif;qefovkd Foxconn puf
    kHudkvnf; qufoG,f r&ay/

    a[mifaumifwGif ul;wdkYoabFmcsif; wdkufrIaMumifh vl 39 OD; aoqHk;


    a[mifaumif?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    a[mifaumifwiG f ul;wko
    Yd abFm
    csif;wdkufrIaMumifh aoqHk;olOD;
    a&rSm 39 OD;txd&SdoGm;NyDjzpf
    aMumif; od&onf/ jzpfpOfrSm
    NyD; cJhonfhatmufwkdbm 4 &uf
    wevFmnydik ;f wGif Sea Smooth
    [kac:aom ul;wdkYa&,mOfESifh
    Lamma IV [k ac:aoma&
    ,mOfwt
    Ykd &Sed jf yif;pGm wdu
    k rf &d mrS
    jzpfay:cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ wm0ef
    &So
    d rl sm;\aMunmcsuf ]]Lam-

    ma IV a&,mOfay:u oabFm

    om;oHk;OD;eJY ul;wdkYa&,mOfay:
    u c&D ; onf 124 OD ; Mum;rS m
    aoqH k ; ol 39 OD ; &S d N yD ; 87 OD ;
    'Pf&m&cJhygw,f/ a&wyf[m
    'DudpudkpHkprf;ppfaq;oGm;rSm
    jzpfNyD; &JwyfzJGUuvnf; jypfrI
    aMumif; t&pHpk rf;ppfaq; rIawG
    jyKvyk af eygw,f}} [kajymonf/
    a&,mOf w k d u f r d r I j zpf p Of
    wGif Lamma IV oabFmrSm ESpf
    jcrf;uJGoGm;NyD; rdepfydkif;twGif;
    epfjrKyfoGm;cJhonf/ ul;wkdYa&

    ,mOf Sea Smooth rSm b,f


    bufjcrf; ysufpD;rIrsm;cJhaomf
    vnf; teD;&Sd vrfrmuRef;odkY
    tE&m,fuif;pGm qdkufuyfEdkif
    cJhonf/
    &JwyfzJGUonf,cktcg a&
    ,mOfESpfpif;vHk;\ uywdefrsm;
    tygt0if oabFmom;ig;OD;udk
    zrf;qD;xdef;odrf;xm;NyD; jzpfpOf
    rSm vl\rSm;,Gif;rIaMumifhjzpf
    EdkifaMumif; qdkxm;onf/
    Ref: AP

    Ref: Reuters

    qkd;vf? atmufwkdbm - 6
    awmifukd&D;,m;EdkifiHodkY buf
    ajymif;ckdvHIcJhaom ajrmufukd&D;
    ,m;ppfom;wpfOD;u if;onf
    ajrmufukd&D;,m;t&m&Sdppfom;
    ESpfOD;udk ypfowfcJhrdaMumif;
    0efcHcJhonf[k awmifukd&D;,m;
    ppfwyf ajymcGihf&yk*dKvfuajym
    onf/
    ,if;yl;wGJppfOD;pD;csKyf\
    ajymcGi&fh yk*Kd vu
    f ]]uReaf wmfwYdk
    ppfom;awG e,fpyfrSm apmihf
    Muyfaewke;f aoewfoaH wGMum;
    &NyD; ajrmufukd&D;,m;wyfom;
    wpfOD; awmifbufxJajy;0if
    vmwmawG U rd y gw,f / ol Y u d k
    vHk NcHK&m ac:,lcJhygw,f/ buf
    ajymif;vmwJh tJ'w
    hD yfom;tqdk
    t&awmh ol [ m ol Y w yf p d w f
    acgif;aqmifeJY wyfrSL;wpfOD;udk
    e,fpyfrjzwfcifrSm ypfowfcJh
    w,f v d k Y o d & ygw,f } }[k a jym
    onf/
    if;bufajymif;vmol ppf
    om;a&muf&SdNyD;aemuf awmif
    uk&d ;D ,m;-ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m;e,f
    pyftaemufbuf awmifukd&D;
    ,m;pcef ; wG i f wyf o m;rsm;
    toifhtaetxm;jzihf &SdaecJh
    Muonf/ odkYaomf ,cktcsdefxd
    ajrmuf u k d & D ; ,m;buf w G i f
    taotaysmuf&Sd? r&Sd twnf
    rjyK&ao;aMumif;od&onf/
    Ref: AFP

    45

    International

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    pwkworwoufwrf;twGuf
    [l*kdcsm;AufZf a&G;aumufcH&
    um&m&wfpf?
    atmufwkdbm - 8
    Aif e D Z G J v m;Ek d i f i H or w a&G ;
    aumufyw
    JG iG f twku
    d t
    f cHacgif;
    aqmif [ife&pfumy&Dvufpf
    u a&G ; aumuf y G J rd r d H I ; ed r f h
    aMumif;0efcHcJhNyD;aemuf vuf&Sd
    orw[l*kdcsm;AufZfonf or
    wtjzpf pwkwoufwrf;wm
    0efxrf;aqmifciG &fh &So
    d mG ;onf/
    rJay;cGihf&Sdol\ 81 &mckdif
    EIef; rJay;cJhNyD; rpwmcsm;AufZf
    u axmufcHrJ 54 &mckdifEIef;
    &&SdcJhonf/ a&G;aumufyGJ&v'f
    rsm;xGufay:vmNyD;aemuf Aif
    eD Z G J v m;Ek d i f i H Nrd K Uawmf u m&m
    uwf p f w pf 0 ef ; wG i f rp w m
    csm;Auf Z f t ay:axmuf c H o l
    rsm;\ qlnHpGmatmifyGJcHrIrsm;
    ay:xGufcJhonf/
    rpwmcsm;AufZfu AifeD
    ZGJvm;EkdifiHonf qkd&S,fvpf0g'
    qDodkY qufvufcsDwufrnf[k
    ajymMum;onf/ ydkaumif;aom

    orwwpfa,muf jzpfvm&ef
    Bud K ;pm;rnf [ k v nf ; rp w m
    csm;AufZfu uwdjyKajymMum;
    onf/
    pkpkaygif; rJta&twGuf
    \ 90 &mcd k i f E I e f ; a&wG u f N yD ;
    csd e f w G i f rp w mcsm;Auf Z f u
    axmufcHrJ 54 'or 42 &mcdkif
    EIef;&&SdNyD; rpwmumy&Dvufpf
    u 44 'or 97 &mcdkifEIef;&&Sd
    cJhaMumif; a&G;aumufyGJaumif
    pDOu| wDbDaqvlpDemuaMu
    nmchJonf/
    a&G;aumufyGJwGif tEkdif
    &&S d o l rp w mcsm;Auf Z f \
    axmufcHolrsm; tBuD;tus,f
    atmifyJGcHaecJhMuaomfvnf;
    HI;edrfhol rpwmumy&Dvufpf
    tay: axmufcHolrsm;rSm rsuf
    &nf v nf & T J j zpf a ecJ h M uonf /
    rpwmumy&Dvufpfu rpwm
    csm;AufZftm; *kPfjyKcsD;usL;
    ygaMumif; ajymMum;cJhonf/
    Ref: BBC

    aemufausmzHk; - EkdifiHwGif; vufeufBuD;rsm; usa&mufaygufuGJ


    NyD;aemuf wl&uDu qD;&D;,m;bufodkY jyefvnfypfcwf rS
    qD;&D;,m;tMurf;zufrrI sm; if;
    wkEYd idk if w
    H iG ;f odkY ysUH ESv
    YH mygu tif
    tm;oHk; wHkYjyefoGm;rnf[k
    vnf; wl&uDEkdifiHu owday;
    ajymMum;vdkufonf/
    ,if ; rS m qD ; &D ; ,m;Ek d i f i H
    ajrmufyidk ;f rS usa&mufvmaom
    tajrmufqefrsm;twGuf wl&uD
    u ig;&ufqufwkduf jyefvnf
    ypfcwfjcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ ,if;
    a'owGif qD;&D;,m;wyfzGJUrsm;
    u olykefrsm;xdef;csKyfxm;&m
    a'orsm;tay: xkd;ppfqifae
    onf/
    jzpfay:cJhaom tjyeft
    vSefypfcwfrIrsm;rSm orwtm
    qwftay: qefYusifaom qD;
    &D;,m;awmfvSefa&;umvt
    wGif; tjyif;xefqHk; ypfcwfrI
    rsm;vnf;jzpfonf/

    qD;&D;,m;EkdifiHrS ypfcwf
    vkdufaom vufeufBuD;usnf
    qefonf wl&uDpm;eyf&dum
    bkwftzGJU ykdifqkdifaompufHk
    wpfckteD; usa&mufcJhonf/
    vG e f c J h a om ig;&uf u vnf ;
    tuf u mau;vf N rd K Uv,f w G i f
    qD;&D;,m;rS ypfcwfvdkufaom
    tajrmufqef usa&mufayguf
    uGJcJh&m wl&uDt&yfom;ig;OD;
    aoqHk;cJhonf/
    wl&uDEidk if rH S ypfcwfvu
    dk f
    aom vuf e uf B uD ; usnf q ef
    rsm;onf qD;&D;,m;e,fpyfNrdKU
    jzpf a om w,f v f t uf , uf
    teD; usa&mufaygufuGJcJhNyD; vl
    taotaysmufpm&if;udkrl r
    od&&dS ao;aMumif; qD;&D;,m;vlY
    tcGit
    fh a&; apmifMh unfah vhvm
    a&;tzGJUu ajymMum;onf/
    Ref: Reuters

    aemufausmzHk; - rav;&Sm;qufoG,fa&;ukrPD Axiata


    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;u@odkY 0ifa&mufzG,f&Sd rS
    jrefrmhqufo,
    G af &;u@
    wGif &if;ESD;jrKyfESH&ef jyifqifae
    aom Telenor rS wm0ef&Sdol
    wpf O D ; uvnf ; ]]tck q k d & if
    tpkd;&twGuf vdktyfaewmu
    EkdifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIawGt
    wGuf aumif;rGefwJhvkyfxHk;vkyf
    enf;Oya'csrSwfEkdifzkdYyg/ EkdifiH
    &JUyx0Dtaetxm;&,f? rkb
    d idk ;f
    zkef;oHk;pGJrIedrfhuswm&,f? pD;yGm;
    a&;wkd;wufrI&zkdY arQmfrSef;xm;

    wmawG&,faMumifh jrefrmEkdifiH
    rSm &if;ESD;jrKyfESHzkdY uRefawmfwkdY
    pOf;pm;wm obm0usygw,f}}
    [kajymonf/
    rav;&Sm; Axiata ukrPD
    onf tm&SwpfvTm;ESihf w,fvD
    zkef;qufoG,fa&;ukrPD 10
    ckwGif &S,f,mrsm; yg0ifxm;NyD;
    rkdkbkdif;zkef;toHk;jyKol oef; 200
    cefYudk 0efaqmifrIay;aeonf/
    Ref: The Star

    MopwD;,m;orw

    [defhZfzpf&Sm
    &Jrif;
    MopwD;,m;Edik if \
    H orw
    jzpfol [defYZfzpf&Smonf 2004
    ckESpf Zlvkdif 7 &ufwGif yxr
    oufwrf;twGuf a&G;aumufcH
    &NyD; 2010 {NyDv 25 &uf wGif
    'kwd,ESifh aemufqHk;ouf wrf;
    wm0ef x rf ; aqmif & ef xyf r H
    a&G;aumufwifajrm ufc&H onf/
    zpf & S m ud k 1938 ck E S p f
    atmuf w d k b m 9 &uf w G i f
    *&ufZfa'o arG;zGm;cJhonf/
    1958 ckESpfwGif txufwef;
    atmif j rif c J h N yD ; aemuf zpf & S m
    onf A D , if e mwu o d k v f w G i f
    wufa&muf Oya'ynmoif
    ,lcJhonf/ 1961 ckESpfwGif Oy
    a'a'guf w mbJ G U &&S d c J h o nf /
    1963 ck E S p f touf 25 ES p f
    t&G,fwGif rpwmzpf&Smonf
    tpa&;EdkifiHajrmufydkif; vmpf

    bG w f p f q m&pf a 'owpf E S p f
    Mum vk y f t m;ay;vk y f u d k i f c J h
    onf/ EdkifiHa&;orm;wpfOD;t
    jzpfomru [defYZfzpf&Smonf
    ynma&;udkvnf; vkdufpm;NyD;
    1993 ck ESpw
    f iG f tifb&Gww
    f u
    odkvfEdkifiHa&;odyHygarmut
    jzpf 0ifa&mufvkyfudkifcJhonf/
    rpwmzpf&mS onf MopwD;
    ,m;ygvDreftrsKd;om;aumifpD
    tzJGU0iftjzpf 1971 ckESpf u
    wnf ; u yg0if c J h N yD ; 1990 rS
    2009 ckESpftxd ,if;aumifpD
    Ou|tjzpf wm0ef,lcJhonf/
    1983 rS 1987 ck E S p f t wG i f ;
    rpwmz&ufpDEdk0ufZfOD;aqmif
    aom TefYaygif;tpdk;&tzJGUwGif
    odyeH nf;ynm0efBuD;tjzpf wm
    0efxrf;aqmifcJhonf/
    rpwmzpf&Smonf 2004

    ck E S p f Zef e 0g&D v wG i f or w
    a&G;aumufyJG0ifrnf[k pwif
    ajymMum;cJhonf/ twdkuftcH
    qdk&S,f'Drkdu&ufwpfygwDrS 0if
    a&muf,SOfNydKifcJhNyD; EkdifiHjcm;
    a&;0ef B uD ; bD e pf w m?tuf z f ?
    0,fvf'g OD;aqmifaom jynfolY
    ygwDr[mrdwt
    f zJUG tay: tEdik f
    &&SdcJhonf/ rpwmzpf&Smonf
    2004 ckESpf Zlvkdifv 8 &ufwGif
    or w tjzpf usrf ; op m usd e f
    qdkcJhonf/
    rpwmzpf&SmrSm wpfouf
    vH k ; Ed k i f i H a &;orm; vk y f v mcJ h
    aomfvnf; vufawGUurmESifh
    xdawGUrIr&Sdol[k a0zefolrsm;
    uajymMum;onf/ xdkYtjyif rp
    wmzpf&mS onf y#dyuEiS hf jy
    emrsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;avh&Sdonf
    [k v nf ; wu o d k v f r S v k y f

    azmfudkifzufaemfbwfvufqm
    uajymonf/ odkYaomf rpwm
    zpf&Smurl if;taejzifh vlt
    rsm;tm;qefYusif? u@aump
    vkyf&jcif;udk rkef;wD; oifhjrwf
    atmifaeonf[kom wkHYjyefcJh
    onf/
    2010 {NyDvwGif rpwm
    zpf&Smonf MopwD;,m; orw
    tjzpf'kwd,tBudrf xyfrHa&G;
    aumuf w if a jr m uf c H & NyD ; pk p k
    aygif; rJta&twGuf\ 79 &m
    ckdifEIef; axmufcHrI&&SdcJhonf/
    EdkifiHorwtjzpfwm0efxrf;
    aqmif aepOfqkd&S,f'Drkdu&uf
    wpfygwD0iftjzpf qkdif;iHhxm;
    &ol rpwm[deZYf zf pf&mS onf ZeD;
    onfrm*pfbif'gESifh om;orD;
    ESpfOD;xGef;um;xm;onf/
    Ref: Wikipedia

    orwa[mif;udk zrf;qD;&ef armfv'dkufw&m;Hk; trdefYxkwf


    rmvD(armfv'dkuf)?
    atmufwkdbm - 8
    armf v 'k d u f w &m;H k ; wpf c k u
    ,ciforwa[mif; rkd[rfruf
    em&dStm; w&m;Hk;trdefYremcHrI?
    c&D;oGm;cGiyhf w
    d yf ifxm;rItay:
    rvdkufemrIwkdYjzihf zrf;qD;&ef
    trdefYxkwfjyefcJhonf/
    or w a[mif ; em&S d o nf
    NyD;cJhonfh azazmf0g&Dvu &m
    xl;rS z,f&Sm;cHcJh&NyD;aemuf if;
    tm; axmufcHolrsm;u vrf;r
    ay:xGuf qEjycJhMuzl;onf/
    &JwyfzUJG ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd vu
    f ]]uRef
    awmfwkdY[m orwa[mif;em&Sd
    tay: zrf;qD;zdkY atmufwkdbm
    9 &uf u w&m;H k ; T e f M um;

    csuf&cJhygw,f}}[kajymonf/
    odkYaomf orwa[mif;em
    &Sdu w&m;Hk; qHk;jzwfcsufonf
    vmrnfhESpf a&G;aumufyGJwGif
    if;tm; 0ifa&mufta&G;rcHEdkif
    atmif wm;jrpf & ef & nf & G , f
    aMumif;qko
    d nf/ orwa[mif;
    u if;onf azazmf0g&DvwGif
    twd k u f t cH qE j yrI r sm;ES i h f
    &JwyfzGJU\ ykefuefrIaMumifh &m
    xl;rS jzKwfcscH&aMumif;qkdxm;
    NyD ; trsKd ; om;aumf r &S i f u rl
    tpkd;&tzGJUudk zrf;qD;jcif;onf
    tmPmodr;f jcif;r[kwaf Mumif;
    Mo*kwv
    f 31 &ufwiG af jymMum;
    cJhonf/

    w&m;H k ; \ trd e f Y r emcH


    aMumif;awGU&Sdygu rpwmem&Sd
    onf axmif'Pf (odkYr[kwf)
    aiG ' Pf t jzpf armf v 'd k u f a iG
    3000 (odkYr[kwf) oHk;ESpfwm
    ydwfyifcH&zG,f&SdNyD; tem*wf
    a&G;aumufyrJG sm;wGif 0ifNyKd icf iG hf
    qHk;HI;rnfjzpfonf/ armfv'dkuf
    w&m;H;k onf em&St
    d m; pufwif
    bmv 26 &uf w G i f Nrd K Uawmf
    rmvDrS xGufcGmcGihfawmif;&ef
    trdefYcsrSwfcJhonf/
    if;tmPm&pOf aemuf
    qH k ; aeY & uf r sm;twG i f ; w&m;
    olBuD;wpfOD;tm; Ncdrf;ajcmufrI
    jzihf w&m;Hk;u w&m;pGJqdkpOf

    umvtwGif; xkdodkY xGufcGmcGihf


    awmif;&ef trdecYf srw
    S cf cH &hJ jcif;
    jzpfonf/ NyD;cJhonfhtywfu
    vnf; em&Sdtm; a0zefol vTwf
    awmftrwf tz&m&Sif;rftvD
    owfjzwfcH&rIwGif &JwyfzGJUu
    if;\vkyfazmfukdifzufwpfOD;
    tm; zrf;qD;xm;cJh em&Sdurl
    xkdtrIrSm EkdifiHa&;vkyfBuHrI[k
    qkdxm;onf/
    em&Sdonf armfv'kdufEkdifiH
    udk ESpf 30 Mum tkyfcsKyfcJhaom
    tA'v
    l *f g,Ge;f tm; tEkid &f um
    yxrqH k ; 'D r k d u a&pD e nf ; us
    orwjzpfvmcJholjzpfonf/
    Ref: The Star

    aemufausmzHk; - tar&dueftwGuf vHkNcHKa&;tE&m,f&Sd Huawei ESifh ZTE ukrPDrsm;udk ydwfyifoifhaMumif;


    uGef*&ufwGifajymMum; rS
    ]]wkwfjynfrSm uGef&uf
    pepf a wG u d k Ak d i f ; &yf p f e J Y w k d u f
    ck d u f a &;&nf & G , f c suf t wG u f
    w,f v D z k e f ; quf o G , f a &;
    ukrPDawGudk toHk;jyKcsifwJh
    pdwfqE? tcGihftvrf;eJY enf;
    vrf;awG&Sdaeygw,f/ &&Sdxm;
    wJh owif;tcsuftvufawG
    tajccHNyD;ajym&&if Huawei

    eJY ZTE wdkYudk EkdifiHjcm;wkdif;jynf


    wpfc&k UJ vTr;f rk;d rIvw
    G u
    f if;w,f
    vdkY ,HkMunfpdwfcsEkdifjcif;r&Sdyg
    bl;/ 'ghtjyif tar&duefjynf
    axmifpkeJY rdrdwkdY qufoG,fa&;
    pepfawGudkvnf; vHkNcHKa&;t&
    Ncdrf;ajcmufEkdifygw,f}}[k azmf
    jyxm;onf/
    ok d Y & mwG i f Huawei ES i f h

    wdkYbufurl pGyfpGJcsufrsm;
    tay: jiif ; qef x m;onf /
    Huawei uk r P D o nf 1987
    ckESpfwGif wkwfppfwyf tif*sif
    eD,ma[mif;wpfOD;jzpfol &if
    use;f azqdo
    k l wnfaxmifcjhJ cif;
    jzpfum ,cktcg qDG'ifEkdifiH\
    tJ&pfqifurk P
    aD emuf urmh
    'kwd,tBuD;qHk; qufoG,fa&;
    ZTE

    ypn;f xkwv
    f yk o
    f nfu
    h rk P
    jD zpf
    vmonf/ ZTE rSmvnf; tvsif
    tjref BuD;xGm;vmaeNyD; urmh
    pwkwajrmuf tBuD;rm;qHk; rkd
    bkdif;zkef; xkwfvkyfonfh ukrPD
    jzpfovdk urmhpwkwajrmuf
    tBuD;qHk; qufoG,fa&;ypnf;
    xk w f v k y f & muk r P D v nf ; jzpf
    onf/ Ref: BBC/Guardian

    46

    Interview

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    zdtm;u odyfrsm;NyD;
    emusifrIu t&rf;jyif;xefygw,f
    *&d0efBuD;csKyfa[mif; a*smhcsfygyef'l;ESifh awGUqHkjcif;
    ausmfrsdK;

    NyD;cJhwJh 2011 Edk0ifbmrSm *&d


    tpdk;&a<u;NrDtusyftwnf;eJY
    ywfoufvkdY EkwfxGufay;cJhwJh
    0efBuD;csKyfa[mif; a*smhcsfygyef
    'l;[m yef[,fvifepfqdk&S,f
    vpfvIyf&Sm;rIygwD (Pasok) &JU
    acgif;aqmifjzpfygw,f/ if;
    [m 2011 ESpfukefydkif;rSmawmh
    ,lZkd ek x
    f J *&d&UJ tem*wfeYJ Edik if H
    ud k z d p D ; aeqJ a <u;NrD jyem
    aMumifh Ekwx
    f u
    G af y;cJNh y;D aemuf
    tD;,lu,fq,fa&; &efyHkaiGeJY
    ywfoufvkdY jynfolYqEcH,lyJG
    ac:,lzdkY qHk;jzwfcJh&mrSm a0zef
    olawGu 'g[m tE&m,f&SdwJh
    vIyf&Sm;rIwpfcktjzpf ajymqdkcJh
    ygw,f/ ,ck,ldkowif;eJY awGU
    qHkrIrSmawmh 0efBuD;csKyfa[mif;
    ygyef'l;eJY *&db@ma&;jy
    emtaMumif; aqG;aEG;xm;wm
    zwfI&rSm jzpfygw,f/

    ,l x J u uRef a wmf w d k Y & J U vk y f


    azmfudkifzufawG NrD&SifawGt
    wG u f v nf ; 'g[m vuf c H E k d i f
    avmuf r ,f v k d Y uRef a wmf , H k
    Munfygw,f/ 'gayrJh vkdaiGjy
    rIawG? a<u;NrDawGatmufrSm
    awmh 'g[mpD;yGm;a&;a&&Snf
    wnfwHhatmif ajymif;vJzkYd? jyK
    jyifajymif;vJa&;vkyfzkdY vkdtyfrI
    jyemwpf&yfygyJ/ 'ghaMumifh
    tpuwnf;uuReaf wmfajymcJh
    ygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYrSm jyKjyif
    ajymif;vJa&;vkyfzdkY tcsdefvkdyg
    w,fvkdY/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh
    tqH k ; owf u s&if 'guuRef
    awmfwdkYudk a&&SnfwnfwHhap
    rSmrdkYvkdYyg/ b@ma&;NcdK;NcHjzwf
    awmufrI vkyfkHvkyfjcif;[mem
    usifaprSmyg/ 'gayrJh 'guvdk
    tyforQ &v'ftm;vHk;udk ay;
    rSmr[kwfygbl;/

    Ny;D cJw
    h hJtywfuqd&k if tpd;k &awG
    &JU NcdK;NcHa&; Oya'awGeJY bwf
    *sufjzwfawmufrI'PfawGudk
    &ifqkdifae&wJh *&deJY pydefEdkifiH
    om;awG[m tMurf;zufqEjy
    rI a wG jyKvk y f c J h w m awG U &yg
    w,f/ 'ghaMumift
    h ck *&drmS vuf
    &SdjzpfaewJh tajctaeeJY ywf
    oufvkdY b,fvkd oHk;oyfcsifyg
    ovJ/
    yxrqH;k taeeJY uReaf wmf
    wdkY[m jyemajz&Sif;a&; vkyf
    ief;pOftaemufrSm usefaecJhNyD
    qdkwm oabmrwlygbl;/ vuf
    &Sd*&dTefYaygif;tpdk;&[m *&d
    jynfolawG&JU emusifpGmudk,f
    usKd;pGefYtepfemcHrIawGeJYtwl
    ,ldku,fq,fa&; &efyHkaiGudk
    vufcHjzpfrSmyg/ 'gwifru tD;

    [kwfuJh 'Dudpu tcsdefvdkw,f


    qdkayr,fh tcsdefu uRefawmf
    wdkYbufrSm r&Sdygbl;/ vlBuD;
    rif;vnf; jrifrSmyg/ 2 ESpfMum
    NyD;wJhaemuf ,ldkaiGuGm[csuf
    30 bDvD,H&SdcJhNyD; pD;yGm;a&;u
    odyfraumif;vSao;ygbl;/ NyD;
    awmh Oa&my&J U tyd k a qmif ;
    b@ma&;tultnD[mvnf;
    tultnDrjzpfcJhygbl;/ twdk
    csKyf a jym&&if a wmh tpd k ; &u
    *&d[m ta<u;r&SdEkdifawmhbl;
    ajymaew,f/ 'g[mrjzpfEkdif
    wJhudpwpf&yfygyJ/
    uRef a wmf o abmrwl y g
    bl;/ bmhaMumifhvJqdkawmh uRef
    awmfwdkY wu,fwrf;utcsdef
    r&cJhvkdYyg/ uRefawmf0efBuD;csKyf
    jzpfwJh 2 ESpfwm (2009-2011)

    rS m jyKjyif a jymif ; vJ a &;vk y f z k d Y


    twGuf tcsdefwkdav;yJ &SdcJhyg
    w,f/ jzwfawmufa&; tydkif;
    qkd&ifawmh [kwfygw,f/ uRef
    awmfwdkY[m wjcm;b,fEdkifiHu
    rS rvkyfcJhwJhbwf*sufvkdaiG 6
    'or 5 &mckdifEIef;jzwfawmuf
    rIvkyfcJhNyD; 'g[m ,ldkZkefxJrSm
    pHcsdefwpf&yfjzpfcJhygw,f/ b,f
    Edik if rH S 'Davmuftrsm;Bu;D rvkyf
    cJhzl;ygbl;/
    tJ'DumvrSm jzpfysufcJhwJh
    tjcm;t"du jyem&yfBuD;
    awGvnf; &Sdygao;w,f/ NyD;cJh
    wJh&ufowywftenf;i,fu

    Oa&myrSm? Ny;D cJw


    h v
    hJ tenf;i,f
    u Oa&myA[dkbPfrSmpojzifh
    uRefawmfwdkY vkyfcJhwJh qHk;jzwf
    csuf a wG a Mumif h e J Y a wmh uRef
    awmfwdkY (*&djyem) [mul;
    pufa&m*gwpfck b,faomtcg
    rSr[kwcf yhJ gbl;/ uReaf wmfw[
    Ykd m
    *&djyemudk aiGaMu;yrmP
    enf;enf;eJY ajz&Sif;Edkifvdrfhr,f
    vkYd uReaf wmftckid t
    f rm,HMk unf
    ygw,f/
    [kwfuJh 'DrSm uRefawmfwdkYrSm
    jyemESpfck&Sdaeygw,f/ wpf

    cku tpd;k &u yHpk u


    H sus raqmif
    &GufEkdifwmeJY 'kwd,wpfcku
    jynf o l a wG y g/ *&d u d k aemuf
    xyf b@ma&;tultnDay;zkdY
    tD;,ltpdk;&awGudk bmtmr
    cHcsurf S ray;xm;ygbl;/ 'Dawmh
    jyemu ajz&Si;f Ekid w
    f ,faygh/
    *&djynfolawGuyJ trsm;BuD;
    wm0ef,lEdkifr,faygh/
    t&ifq;kH cifAsm;ajymwJh *&d
    jynfolawGu trsm;BuD;wwf
    Edkif? wm0ef,lEkdifw,fqdkwm
    uRef a wmf o abmwl y gw,f /
    zdtm;u odyrf sm;Ny;D emusirf u
    I
    t&rf;jyif;xefygw,f/ *&deyYJ wf

    oufvkdY orm;dk;usawG;aewm
    awGu rSm;w,fvkdY uRefawmf
    xifygw,f/ Oyrmtm;jzifh *&d
    awG [ m vl y sif ; awG r [k w f y g
    bl;/ OECD (pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;
    aqmif&GufrIESifh zHGUNzdK;a&;EdkifiH
    rsm;tzJUG ) &JUpm&if;tif;awGt&
    qdkuRefawmfwdkY[m Oa&my,l
    eD,HxJrSm tvkyfBudK;pm;qHk;jzpf
    ygw,f / uRef a wmf c if A sm;ud k
    odyfao;ayr,fhta&;BuD;vGef;
    wJh Oyrmwpfcjk ycsiw
    f ,f/ t&m
    &mwdkif;[m *&drSm oHk;wJhukef
    usp&d w f w d k i f ; [m tck q d k & if

    tGev
    f idk ;f ay:rSm &Sad eygNy/D urm
    ay:u b,folrqdk uRefawmf
    wd k Y & J U toH k ; p&d w f a wG u d k ppf
    aq;Ekdifygw,f/ 'guRefawmfwkdY
    vk y f c J h w m? cif A sm;ajymwm'g
    ao;aumif;ao;r,f/ 'gayrJh
    jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;awG trsm;
    BuD;xJu odyfta&;ygwJhwpfck
    yg/
    'gayrJhvlBuD;rif;jrifwJhtwdkif;
    ygyJ / jyKjyif a jymif ; vJ a &;t
    wGuf ay:vpDawG csrSwfwmeJY
    vufawGUvkyfaqmif&wmawG
    Mum;xJ r S m uG m jcm;rI & S d a eyg
    w,f / vl B uD ; rif ; ajymaewm
    yGifhvif;jrifomrI taMumif;yg/
    tckqkd *&drmS &Sw
    d hJ xdyw
    f ef; tpd;k
    & t&m&Sad wGtm;vH;k [m vmbf
    pm;rIeJY ppfaq;cHae&ygw,f/
    'DxrJ mS vlBu;D rif;&JU ygwDeYJ vlBu;D
    rif;0efBuD;csKyfjzpfpOfu tpkd;&
    xJrSm ygcJhwJholawGyg/ 'gawGu
    Oa&mytpdk;&awG taumift
    xnfazmfzYdk ausvnfatmif ajz
    &Sif;zdkYcufcJwJhudpawGyg/
    uRef a wmf v nf ; yG i f h v if ;
    jrifomrIudpuaepwifcJhwm
    yg/ jyemtrItcif;awG&Sd&if
    olwdkY w&m;Hk;udk oGm;&ygr,f/
    uRefawmfvlawGudk w&m;pD&if
    rqHk;jzwfcsifygbl;/ olwdkY[m
    pGyfpJGcH&wJh tjypfrhJolawGvnf;
    jzpfEdkifwmaMumifhrdkYvkdYyg/ vHk;0
    yGifhvif;jrifomrI&Sda&;eJY w&m;
    rQwrI&adS &;udk uReaf wmfawmif;
    qdkcJhygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYvnf;
    ajymif ; vJ a eygw,f / cif A sm;
    vnf; aemufxyfaiGaMu;wpfck
    udk ajymif;oHk;&rvm;? roHk;&
    bl ; vm; raorcsmjzpf a ewJ h

    wdkif;jynfwpfjynfrSm ae&w,f
    qdk&if tJ'DrSm cifAsm;&if;ESD;jrKyf
    ESHvkYdr&bl;/ pm;oHk;vkdYr&bl;/
    bPf a wG u vnf ; aiG x k w f
    racs;bl;/ EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESH
    ol a wG v nf ; rvmbl ; qk d & if
    uReaf wmfu
    h kd ajymjyprf;yg/ b,f
    vkdvJvkdY/ 'g[m pD;yGm;a&;us
    qif;rI jzpf&jcif;taMumif;&if;
    yJ / tcuf t cJ a wG & S d & jcif ; t
    aMumif;yJ/ 'g[m *&dwpfEkdifiH
    wnf;wm0ef&w
    dS m r[kwyf gbl;/
    Oa&mybufuvnf; wm0eft
    rsm;BuD;&Sdygw,f/
    rpwmygyef'l;l cifAsm Oa&myrSm
    toHawG? uJGjym;jcm;em;rIawG?
    trsKd ; om;a&; tk d i f ' D , mawG
    &SdaewmrdkY Oa&mytem*wfudk
    b,fvdkjrifygovJ/
    'DrSm cifAsm;ar;vkdufwm
    odyt
    f a&;BuD;wJh tcsuv
    f Ydk xif
    ygw,f / Oa&myqd k w mxuf
    Oa&my[ef v k y f x m;wJ h *vk d
    b,f v k d u f a Z;&S i f ; [m ur m
    qefvmwJh pD;yGm;a&;xJ a&mpyf
    aygif;pyfxm;wJh t&mwpfckjzpf
    vmaeygw,f/ urmqefvm
    wJh rwnfNidrfrIwpfckjzpfvm ae
    ygw,f/ uReaf wmfwaYkd emufxyf
    aygif;pnf;nDGwfrIawGvkyfzdkY
    tck q d k O a&myrS m od a eNyD v k d Y
    uRefawmf,Hkw,f/ EdkifiHawGrSm
    jyemawGtrsm;BuD; &Sad yr,fh
    uRefawmfwdkY twlwJGxkdifNyD; ajz
    &Sif;Ekdifygw,f/ Oa&myor*
    wpfcktaeeJY atmifjrifrI&Edkif
    ygw,f/
    Ref: George Papandreou:
    The Future of Greece.
    Euronews

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    jrefrmEkdifiHkyf&Siftpnf;tHk;Ou|
    OD;Zif0dkif;ESifhawGUqHkjcif;
    at;olpH

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    jrefrmEdik if H yk &f iS f tpnf;tk;H trIaqmifopfukd OD;aqmifaewJh ky&f iS t


    f pnf;tk;H Ou| OD;Zif0ikd ;f [m jrefrmEdik if &H w
    J yfzeYJG YJ yl;aygi;f Ny;D ck;d ul;acG
    zrf;qD;a&;t&Sed jf rifw
    h ufvmwJh 'DuaeYtcdserf mS jrefrmum;awGwifru Ekid if jH cm;um;awGuykd g zrf;aew,fvYkd a0zefcaH e&ygw,f/ vrf;ab;acG
    a&mif;csaeolrsm;ukd qufrzrf;zdkY olYqDudkzkef;eJY qufoG,farwm&yfcHrIawG? Ncdrf;ajcmufrIawG &Sdaew,fvkdYvnf; OD;Zif0kdif;&JUtajymt&
    od&ygw,f/ jrefrmZmwfum;awG? jrefrmoDcsif;awGu jynfyZmwfum;awGuae ckd;,lzefwD;aewmusawmh bmrSrajymbJ EkdifiHjcm;
    um;awGa&mif;wmukd zrf;qD;&aumif;vm;? rif;om;rif;orD;awG aumif;pm;zkdYvkyf&aumif;vm;vkdY a0zefrIawGukd OD;Zif0kdif; jyefvnf&Sif;jy
    ajymMum;cJhwmawGxJu tcsKdUudk aumufEkwfazmfjyay;vdkufygw,f/ jrefrmZmwfum;awG&JU zefwD;rIt&nftaoG;ydkif;tay: OD;Zif0dkif;u
    oHk;oyfajzxm;wmudkvnf; awGU&rSmyg/
    trIaqmifopfvufxuf oHkH;
    vtwGif; ckd;ul;acGawGudl zrf;
    wJ h t xJ r S m jref r mZmwf u m;
    awGwif r[kwfbJ t*Fvdyf
    Zmwf u m;awG u k d y g zrf ; wJ h t
    wGuf EdkifiHjcm;Zmwfum; Munhf
    y&dowfawGyg tcuf tcJawGU
    aewJhtay:wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;
    taeeJY bmrsm; ajymvdkygovJ/
    ck;d ul;udpu
    Ekid if jH cm;Zmwf
    um;awGukd ypfrSwfrxm;bl;/
    EkdifiHjcm;acGrsm;udk zrf;qD;jcif;
    uvnf; kyf&Siftpnf;tkH;u

    vkyfwmr[kwfbl;/ 'gudkawmh
    w&m;0if wdwdvif;vif;odap
    csif y gw,f / jref r mZmwf u m;
    rsm;ukd zrf;qD;jcif;omjzpfw,f/
    EkdifiHjcm;um;awG a&maewJht
    wGuf Ekid if jH cm;um;awGuydk g zrf;
    qD ; &jcif ; jzpf w ,f / 'D a emuf
    uG,rf mS tvGeBf u;D rm;wJyh if&if;
    'kdifBuD;awG&Sdw,f/ tcsKdUvlawG
    u tpdk;&XmeawGudk tumt
    uG , f , l x m;Muw,f / jzpf p Of
    wpfcrk mS qkd ausmif;apmifw
    h pfO;D /
    olv
    Y cu b,favmufrrS &bl;/

    'gayrJh olutJ'rD mS ausmif;apmifv


    h yk w
    f ,f/ tJ'rD mS
    ntdyzf Ykd tcef;wpfcef;,lxm;Ny;D acGawG ul;Ny;D jzefY
    aewm/ ol&Y UJ t"du vkyif ef;u ausmif;apmifrh [kwf
    bl ; / txuf w ef ; ausmif ; wpf a usmif ; qk d a wmh
    b,forl S olu
    Y dk rxifMubl;/ OD;wdu
    Yk 'gawGudk rSerf eS f
    uefuef ta&;,lay;zdYk awmif;qkw
    d m/ 'grSomvQif
    udk,fhavmuudk rSefrSefuefuef wnfaqmufvdkY&
    r,f/ aps;uGufaumif;vmrS xkwfvkyfolawG&vm
    rS um;aumif;aumif;kdufvmEkdifr,f/ tck ig;
    &ufu
    kd w
    f u
    hJ m;ukdig;&ufrdu
    k b
    f ;l q,f&uf ku
    d rf ,f
    qkd ESpfqukefvmr,f/ ESpfqukef&if jyef&SmEdkifr,hf
    aps;uGufuvnf; ESpfq&dS&r,f/ aps;uGufu r&Sd
    wm r[kwfbl;/ &Sdw,f/
    pm(49)okdY

    Zmwfum;rsm;wGif oHk;cJhonhf
    um;rsm;udv
    k nf; vef'efNrKd UteD;
    bGef;'fkyf&Sifrsm; dkuful;&mydkif;
    0k'fpwl'D,dkwGif pkpnf;jyocJh
    onf/ vef'ef&dS c&pfpwD;avvH
    wdu
    k u
    f vnf;*srd ;f pf bGe;f 'ftrSwf
    w& ypnf;rsm; avvHyJGjyKvkyf
    cJhNyD; e,l;a,mufwGif armf'ef
    twfyef;csDjywdkufBuD;u *sdrf;pf
    bGe;f 'ftrSww
    f & tifpawmfav;
    &Sif;jyyJGwpfck jyocJhonf/ 0g
    &SifwefwGif EkdifiHwumpydkifjy
    wdkuf Exquisitely Evil trnf
    &jyyJjG yKvyk Nf y;D *srd ;f pfbeG ;f 'fZmwf
    um;rsm;wGif oHk;cJhaom toHk;
    taqmifaygif; 100 ausmft
    jyif jyifyavmurS wu,h f p
    ydkiftppfrsm;\ toHk;taqmif

    "mwfykH-a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    ADvdefZmwfkyfrS rif;orD;ae&m
    ajymif;okyfaqmifrnfh 0ifh,rHkvdIif
    MuLMuL[ef

    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 2
    wDADkyfoHZmwfvrf;wGJwpfckjzpfaom ]tcspfoauFw} (The Sign of Love)
    Season-1 wGif y&dowftm;ay;rI&cJa
    h om ADved Zf mwfyk af e&mrS okyaf qmif ol
    f mdu
    k w
    f m ajymif;um rif;orD;ae&mrS
    0if,
    h rHv
    k iId t
    f m; Season-2 wGif Zmwfyk u
    ajymif;vJokyfaqmifaprnfjzpfaMumif;owif;&&Sdonf/
    'kwd,ykdif; kduful;&mwGif okyfaqmif 0ifh,rHkvdIif\ ADvdefZmwfkyf
    ae&mwGif pkd;eEmausmfudk okyfaqmifaprnfjzpfonf/
    ]]tJ'h v
    D kd umdu
    k w
    f majymif;
    NyD; dkuf&wmBudKufw,f/ y&d
    owftjrifuGJoGm;wmaygh/ xl;
    xl ; qef ; qef ; av;Munf h & rS m
    aygh/ jrwfE;dk cifvkd umku
    d w
    f mrsK;d
    taumif;qHk;awmh BudK;pm;xm;
    ygw,f/ 'gayrJh odyfawmhtm;
    r&bl;}}[k rm,mcsKdZmwfkyfrS
    jrwfEkd;cifZmwfkyfodkY ajymif;vJ
    okyaf qmifrnfh 0if,
    h rHv
    k iId u
    f
    ajymonf/
    ]]pd w f v I y f & S m ;aevd k Y y&d
    owf q D u b,f v d k toH v m
    rvJrodawmh? rm,mcsKdyHkpHt
    wGuf BudK;pm;xm;ygw,f}}[k
    pkd;eEmausmfuajymonf/

    ]tcspfoauFw} (The
    ,,fc&dwfcsfrSm aemufqHk;rif;
    rsm;udkvnf; jyoxm;cJhonf/
    Sign of Love) Season-2 udk
    *srd ;f pfbeG ;f 'fkyf&Sifrsm;onf kyf&Siforkdif;wGif atmif om;jzpfonf/ if;yg0ifaom
    atmufwb
    d k m8&ufwiG MRTV-4
    f
    jyornfjzpfNyD; tykdif;-30
    jrifaomZmwfum;rsm;xJrSwpfum; tygt0ifjzpfNyD; 23 um;ajrmuf *sdrf;pfbGef;'fkyf
    yg0ifrnfjzpfonf/ Zmwfvrf;
    aemufqHk; xGuf&Sdxm;onhf Zmwfum;aygif; 22 um;\ &Sifudk atmufwdkbm 23 wGif
    wpfyidk ;f Mumjrihcf sed t
    f jzpf rdepf 30
    0ifaiGppk ak ygif;rSm a':vmig;bDv,
    D aH usm&f o
    dS nf/ *srd ;f pf urmwpf0ef; kHwifjyornf
    cefY jyornfjzpf Ny;D ,cifu rdepf
    bGef;'frif;om;rsm;tjzpf rif;om;ajcmufOD;&Sd cJhNyD; 'ifeD jzpfonf/
    Ref: Reuters
    20 cefYjyocJhonf/

    *sdrf;pfbGef;'f a&T&wkyJG y&dowfrsm; qifEJT


    vef'ef? atmufwdkbm - 6
    NAw
    d o
    d Qpydik Zf mwfaqmifemrnf
    ausm*f srd ;f pfbeG ;f 'f\ yxrqH;k kyf
    &Sif Dr.No Zmwfum; 1962?
    atmufwdkbm 5 &ufwGifkHwif
    cJhonhf ESpfig;q,fjynhf ESpfywf
    vnftjzpf vef'efwGif bGef;'f
    kyf&Sify&dowfrsm;onf urm
    vHk;qdkif&m *sdrf;pfbGef;'faeY
    Global Bond Day udq
    k ifEcJT MhJ u
    onf/ *sdrf;pfbGef;'f ESpfig;q,f
    jynhfyJGtwGuf tqdkawmf*&rfrD
    qk&iS f t'Jvu
    f vnf; atmufwkd
    bm 23wGio
    f q
    D x
    dk m;onhZf mwf
    0ifaw;udk olr\ 0ufbq
    f u
    dk f
    vTifhwifay;cJhonf/
    tuf p wef r mwif N yd K if
    um;rsm; tygt0if *srd ;f pfbeG ;f 'f

    pkd;eEmausmfESihf 0ifh,rkHvIdif

    48

    Entertainment

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    aiGtawmfokH;xm;w,fqkdwJh 0dkif;pk&JU ADpD'Dopf


    MuLMuL[ef
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-3
    rdef;uav;y&dowf trsm;qkH;
    &&Sdxm;onfh tqkdawmf0dkif;pk
    cdkifodef;u if;\ ]rsufvSnfh}
    ADpD'Dudk aiGaMu;tawmfokH;
    kduful;xm;NyD; tEkynmudk y&d
    owfodvQif auseyfonf[kqkd
    onf/
    ]]wpfacGvkH;twGuf awmf

    awmf a v;ud k uk e f y gw,f /


    y&d o wf u d k ay;qyf c sif w J h t
    wG u f uk e f u sp&d w f u ta&;
    rBuD;ygbl;/ 0dkif;pktEkynmudk
    y&dowfoo
    d mG ;&if auseyfygNy}D }
    0kdif;pkcdkifodef;[k qdkonf/
    pD'DxGuf&SdpOfu y&dowf
    tm;ay;rI&&SdcJhaom oDcsif;rsm;
    xJrS]qnf;vnf;oH}oDcsi;f udk0g0g
    0if;a&TESifh 0if;OD;wkdY\ ykHpHjzifh
    ,Gef;0wDvGifrdk;ESifh rmefjynfhwdkY

    tm; a&S;acwfZmwf0ifcef;ykHpH
    dkuful;xm;NyD; Title oDcsif;
    ]rsufvSnfh}udk arSmfqefNyD; onf;
    xd w f & if z d k z G , f a umif ; atmif
    kduful;xm;onf[k qkdonf/
    0dkif;pkcdkifodef;onf Shwe
    FM 3ESpfjynfhyJGwGif yg0ifazsmf
    ajzrnfjzpfNyD; if;\ wwd,
    t,fvfbrftwGufvnf; pDpOf
    vsuf&Sdonf/

    qdkaw;oDcsif;dkufuGif;rSm yk*Hbk&m;wGif r[kwf[kqkd


    MuLMuL[ef

    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 3
    qkad w;\ ]zufw;D r}oDcsi;f ADp'D w
    D iG f yg0ifaomdu
    k u
    f iG ;f ae&m rSm yk*b
    H &k m;wGif
    ku
    d u
    f ;l xm;jcif;r[kwb
    f J ajrmufOuvm&Sd oDv&Siaf usmif;opfwpfcw
    k iG f ku
    d f
    ul;xm;jcif;jzpfaMumif;od&onf/
    ]]tJ'gu yk*b
    H &k m;r[kwyf gbl;/ ajrmufOuvmem;u oDv&Siaf usmif;yg/
    tJ'Dhausmif; u rzGifhao;ygbl;/ 'gdkufwmeJY oGm;dkufxm;wm/ tJ'Dhae&mu
    zdeyfpD;cGihfvnf;&Sdygw,f/}} [k ADpD'DwGif yg0ifdkuful;xm;aom av;ZD;uvyf
    wD;0kdif;rS udkEkdifaZmfuajymonf/
    ,if;ADp'D w
    D iG f qdak w;ESifh av;ZD;uvyftzGUJ om;rsm; wD;cwfoq
    D adk eonfh
    jrifuiG ;f tm; yk*b
    H &k m;ay:wGif zdeyfp;D um oDqo
    dk nfqadk om a0zefrrI sm; xGuf
    ay:cJhjcif;jzpfonf/

    49

    Entertainment

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    tu,f'rDyJG 'DZifbmwGif usif;y&efjyif

    at;olpH

    &efukef?
    atmufwkdbm 4
    2011 ckESpftwGuf jrefrmh
    &ky&f Six
    f ;l cReq
    f ak y;yGJ (tu,f'
    rD) udk ,ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif
    jyKvk y f & ef jyif q if a eNyD j zpf

    aMumif; jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xm
    e 'kwd,0efBuD; OD;&JxG#fu 7
    Day News odkY twnfjyKajym
    Mum;onf/
    ]]wpfESpfpmudk ESpfrul;bJ
    ay;csif v d k Y 2011 twG u f t
    u,f'rDay;yGJukd tck'DZifbm

    rSmvkyfzdkY tm;vHk;jyifqifaeyg
    NyD/ &efukefeJYaejynfawmf b,f
    rS m vk y f j zpf r vJ q k d w mawmh
    jrefrmhkyf&Sifvkyfief;u jyefpOf;
    pm;aeNyD; 0efBuD;Xmeudk wifjyzdkY
    vkyfaeygw,f}} [k 4if;u ajym
    onf/
    2011 ckESpftwGif; Hkwif
    jyocJ h a om Zmwf u m;rsm;rS m
    a[mha&Smh 3? tvef;Z,m;? tkdif

    vyfz,
    f ?l tarTZ,m;? ighErS av;
    yGoGm;NyD? vmxm;tmbGm; 2?
    zvef;zvef;jzpfwJh tcspf? tm;
    vHk;uawmha[mhrS BudKufw,f?
    acsmuvufabbD? 0#fa<uG;?
    xm0&tvif;wef;rsm;? csdef;?
    cspfyef;a0? &ifuGJem? yef;Mum
    0wfreI f Zmwfum;wdjYk zpfaMumif;
    od&onf/ ]]uReaf wmfwYkd tpnf;
    tHk;uawmh &efukefrSmyJ vkyf

    pm-47? jrefrmEkdifiHkyf&Siftpnf;tHk;Ou| Zif0dkif;ESifhawGYqHkjcif; rS


    MunhfwJh olawGuvnf; uRef
    awmfwkdYqDyJ ydkufqHa&mufw,f
    xifaew,f/ Mum;rSmckd;ul;u
    pm;oGm;w,f/ jrefrm wpfjynf
    vH;k ukd uGe&f uf taeeJY jzefaY eMu
    wm/
    wu,fx
    h w
    k v
    f yk af &; wku
    d f
    qkw
    d m wpfvrSm oH;k um;avmuf
    yJ jzefYEkdifw,f/ 'Dckd;ul;awGus
    awmh wpf&ufudk av;? ig;q,f
    um;jzefYaewm/ tvGefBuD;rm;
    wJh aiGyrmPeJY vkyfaewm/ v
    pOfqkd odef;oHk; av;axmif0if
    aeMuw,f/ 'gawGudk razmf
    xkwfEkdifMubl;/ aemufuG,fu
    ae BudK;udkifaewJh yif&if;'dkif
    BuD;awGudk azmfxkwfay;zdkY Oy
    a'tzGJUtpnf;toD;oD;u yl;
    aygif;yg0ifay;ygvdkY awmif;qdk
    xm;wmyg/ 'kdifBuD;awGNydKoGm;
    wmeJY 'Dvrf;ab;qkdifav;awG
    u aysmufomG ;rSm/ uReaf wmfwYkd
    ud,
    k w
    f idk f Ekid if jH cm;acGMunhw
    f ,f/
    uRefawmhfom;orD;awG vnf;
    Munhfw,f/
    cdk;ul;aMumifh kyf&Sif*Dw
    avmu usqif ; aew,f q d k
    NyD ; ajymaewJ h tcsuf a y:
    >cif;csufr&Sd vufcHygovm;/
    rif;om;? rif;orD;awGusawmh
    wk d u f a qmuf ? um;pD ; rysuf
    bJvdkY a0zefaewmawGvnf;
    &S d w J h tay:OD ; u bmrsm;
    ajymMum;vdkygovJ/
    jrefrmwpfEidk if v
    H ;Hk rSm vrf;
    ab;a&mif ; csol a wG u wpf
    aomif ; avmuf & S d w ,f ajym

    w,f/ uRefawmfwkdYqDrSm 'Dkyf


    &S i f v k y f i ef ; eJ Y quf E T , f a ewJ h
    vl aygif; ig;aomif;avmuf&Sd
    w,f/ w&m;0ifiSm;&rf;olawG?
    kyf&SifukrPDrSm pwpfumuyf
    ay;? jzefYcsday;wJh 0efxrf;awG
    aomif;csD&Sdw,f/ olwkdYvnf;
    wpf a eY v k y f r S wpf a eY p m;&wJ h
    olawGcsnf;yJ/ tay:vTm vl
    wef;pm;wpfa,mufrS rygbl;/
    Zif0kdif;u xkwfvkyfolawG? rif;
    om;? rif ; orD ; awG ? um;pD ; zd k Y
    wdkufaqmufzdkY umuG,fay;ae
    wmwJh/ r[kwfygbl;/ uRefawmf
    umuG,fay;aewm tajccHvl
    wef;pm; 10 vTmvkH;twGufyg/
    'DavmuBuD; 'DaeY&yfoGm;vdkY
    tJ'DxkwfvkyfolawG rif;om;?
    rif ; orD ; awG bmrS r jzpf b l ; /
    wjcm; tvkyfajymif;vkyfvkdY&
    w,f / pD ; yG m ;a&; ajymif ; vk y f
    vkdY&w,f/ 'kua&muf usefcJhrSm
    tajccHtvTmu ig;aomif;usef
    cJ h r S m / ol w k d Y e J Y q uf E T , f a ewJ h
    olawG&Sdw,f/ 'gawGudk pmem
    yg/ rdom;pk pm;0wfaea&;t
    wGuf EkdifiHjcm;acG oD;oefYa&mif;
    w,f/ npfnrf;um;vnf; ryg
    bl ; / jref r moD c sif ; acG ? AD ' D , k d
    acGawGukdvnf; rckdbl;/ 'gayrJh
    Oya'u &Sdaew,f/ 'DvlawGukd
    Oya'csKd;azmufcGifh ay;rvm;/
    Oya'ukdzsufrvm;/ 'grSr[kwf
    'Dval wGukd wjcm; tvkyt
    f udik f
    tcGifhtvrf;zefwD;ay;rvm;/
    a&mif;cscGihf ay;vkdufygvdk Yajym
    vkdufwmeJY NyD;wJhudpr[kwfyg

    10

    Top

    Movies
    in America

    bl;/
    cd k ; ul ; aMumif h r[k w f b J
    y&d o wf t rsm;pk a0zef a ewJ h
    Zmwfum;awG&JU t&nftaoG;
    ydkif;awG? udk,fydkifzefwD;rI tm;
    enf;wmawGudka&m tpnf;t
    Hk;taeeJY bmrsm;jyKjyifajymif;
    vJoGm;rSmygvJ/
    t"duu t&nftcsi;f ydik ;f ygyJ/
    y&dowfawGajymwm trSefqHk;
    yg/ 'gaMumifhvnf; tck AD'D,dk
    Zmwfum;wpfum; udkq,f&ufvYkd
    owfrw
    S af y; xm;ygw,f/f ta&
    twGuu
    f kd avQmch svu
    kd af wmh t
    csed v
    f nf; ydx
    k u
    G v
    f mr,f/ t&nf
    taoG ; yd k i f ; vnf ; yd k j rif h v m
    r,f / aps;uG u f & J U 0,f v d k t m;
    xufydkrsm;ae&if pkyHkoGm;rSmyg/
    aemufNyD;wpfcsdefrSm rlydkifcGihf
    Oya'awG a y: xG u f v mNyD q d k
    udk,fydkifzefwD;rI ppfppfr[kwf
    bJ zefwD;vkdYudkr&ygbl;/ Oya'
    aMumif;t& ta&;,lc&H rSmyg/
    'gaMumifhud,
    k yf ik d zf efw;D rIppfppfjzpf
    zdkYvnf; vdktyfygw,f/ 'gayrJh
    cufcw
    J hJ tcsed af wGrmS yJ wefz;kd &Sd
    wJhZmwfum;awGxGucf w
    hJ mvnf;
    &Sdygw,f/ Oyrm-yifv,fxuf
    u ae0ef;eDwdkY? yef;Mum0wfrIef
    wkY?d vQKdU0SufaomESif;wdYv
    k kd Zmwf
    um;awGyg/
    &efukefrjzefY&ao;wJh Zmwf
    um;udk wcsKdUe,fawGrSm cdk;ul;
    csyfawGrdawmh w&m;0if jzefYcds
    wJh xkwv
    f yk af &; wdu
    k f awGeaYJ &m
    qufET,frI r&Sdbl;vm;/
    wcsKdUtrIawGrSm qufET,f

    ,ckwpfywftwGif;
    tar&duefwGif0ifaiGtaumif;qHk;
    kyf&Sifum;rsm;

    ..................................................................................................................................................

    pOf Zmwfum;trnf
    jzefYcsdonfhukrPD

    pkpkaygif;0ifaiG
    (uefa':vm)

    jyoonfh
    &ufowywfaygif;

    ..................................................................................................................................................
    42522200
    1
    1/ Hotel Transylvania Sony Pictures
    2/ Looper
    Tristar & Columbia
    20801600
    1

    FilmDistrict&Sony Pic:
    3/ End of Watch
    Open Road Films
    25980700
    2
    4/ Trouble with the
    Warner Bros. Pic:
    23473300
    2
    Curve
    5/ House At the End Relativity Media
    22193300
    2
    of Street
    6/ Ptch Perfect
    University Pic:
    5149430
    1
    7/ Finding Nemo
    Walt Disney Pic:
    36444800
    3
    8/ Resident Evil:
    Screen Gems & Sony Pic: 38691300
    3
    Retribution
    9/ The Master
    The Weinstein Company
    9568620
    3
    10/ Won't Back Down 20th Century Fox
    2603370
    1

    rI&Sdygw,f/ jzefYcsdwJhtqifhqifh
    Mum;xJuae &atmifckd;,lwm
    awG&Sdw,f/ tJ'D,lwJhenf;awG
    awmhxkwfrajymcsifbl;/ olcdk;
    vrf;jyjzpfrSm pkd;vdkYyg/ yif&if;
    jzefYcsda&;wkdufawGeJY qufET,f
    aewJhtwGuf AD'D,dkpnf;urf;
    Oya't& twGif;pnf;xJuae
    ta&;,l x m;wm ES p f r I ? oH k ; rI
    avmufawmh&Sdygw,f/
    qif q m tcsuf a wG u d k
    xyfjyD; avQmhayghzdkY awmif;qkd
    xm;w,fvdkY od&ygw,f/ b,f
    vdktcsufawGygygovJ/
    wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vkH; nD
    nGwfa&;eJY bmoma&;uvGJvdkY
    usefwJhtcsufawG tukefajz
    avQmah y;zdYk awmif;qkx
    d m;w,f/
    'gqdk npfnrf;um;awG dkufvm
    &if a&mvkdY ar;p&m&Sdw,f/ npf
    nrf ; qk d & if npf n rf ; Oya'eJ Y
    ta&;,lvkdY&w,f/ wpfcsdefrSm
    uRefawmfwkdYuawmh qifqmqdk
    wmr&SdbJ vHk;0vGwfvyfoGm;wJh
    txd arQmfrSef;xm;w,f/
    tck ky&f iS pf wl',
    D dk aqmufr,fh
    yJcl;u ajr{u 100 u tIyf
    t&Sif;uif;&Sif;ygovm;/
    tJ'gukd uRefawmfwdkYvnf;
    oGm; rMunh&f ao;awmh rodb;l /
    oGm;MunhfawmhrS tJ'Day:rSm
    tdraf xmifpw
    k pfaxmifavmuf
    &Sdaew,f jzpfae&ifawmhoGm;
    NyD/ uif;&Sif;r,fvdkY arQmfvifhyg
    w,f/
    aus;Zl;wifygw,f/

    apcsifygw,f/ tar&durSmqkd
    atmfpumqkay;yGJudk tpdk;& Hk;
    pdkufwJh 0g&Sifwef'DpDrSm vkyfwm
    r[kwb
    f ;l / tEkynmorm;awG
    trsm;BuD;&SdwJh ae&mrSmyJvkyf
    wmyg/ aejynfawmfudkoGm;&
    awmh wcsKdUoufBuD;tEkynm
    &SifawG? okyfaqmifawG yGJ
    wufcsifayr,fhrwwfEkdifwm
    awGawGUae&w,f/ vlrpHkawmh

    bl;aygh}} [k jrefrmEkdifiHkyf&Sif
    tpnf;tHk;Ou| OD;Zif0dkif;u
    ajymonf/
    2011 ckESpftwGuf t
    u,f'rDqk a&G;cs,fpdppftuJ
    jzwftzGJUudk tzGJU0if 17 OD;jzifh
    zGUJ pnf;cJNh y;D ,ckEpS rf pS um okyf
    aqmifEpS Of ;D jzpfonhf armifoef;
    0if;ESihf jrihjf rifch ikd w
    f yYkd g0ifzUJG pnf;
    cJhonfudk awGU&onf/

    yk*vdutufzftrfvkdif;ESpfck
    *Dwtpnf;tkH;xH ay;&efusefonfh
    oDcsif;tokH;jyKc vma&mufay;acs
    at;olpH
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm 3
    yk*v
    u
    d a&'D,t
    kd ufzt
    f rf
    vdkif;ESpfcku jrefrmEkdifiH*Dw
    tpnf;tH;k odYk oDcsi;f toH;k jyKc
    ay;acs&ef usef&Sdaom aiGusyf
    od e f ; aygif ; wpf a xmif h u d k ; &m
    vma&muf ay;acsoGm;aMumif;
    *Dwtpnf;tHk;\ trIaqmif
    wpf O D ; jzpf o l aw;a&;jrif h r k d ;
    atmifu ajymonf/
    ]]rE a v;tuf z f t rf e J Y
    yO0wDtufzt
    f rfwu
    Ykd atmuf
    wkdbm 2 &ufu uRefawmfwkdY
    tpnf;tHk;udk vmNyD;ay;acs
    oGm;ygNyD}} [k jrifhrkd;atmifu
    ajymonf/
    jrefrmEkdifiH*Dwtpnf;t
    Hk;rS wm0ef&SdoltcsKdUESifh jyef
    Mum;a&;0efBuD;Xme jynfaxmif
    pk0efBuD;OD;atmifMunfwdkY puf
    wifbm 24 &ufwGif awGUqHk
    cJh&m cdk;ul;udp? tEkynmaMu;
    rsm; &&efusef&Sdonhfudprsm;udk
    wif j ycJ h N yD ; aemuf wpf y wf
    twGif; ,ckuJhodkY tufzftrf
    rsm;rS a<u;usefrsm;&&SdcJhjcif;
    jzpfaMumif; od&onf/
    *Dworm;rsm; tMum;wGif
    tufzftrfa&'D,dkvdkif;rsm;u
    aw;oD c sif ; toH k ; jyKrI r sm;t
    wG uf tEk ynmaMu;&ydki fcG ihf

    ESifhywfoufNyD; twefMum t
    jiif ; yG m ;cJ h & m ,ck t rI a qmif
    opfvufxufwGif &&efusef&Sd
    onf h tEk y nmaMu;rsm; jyef
    vnf&&SdcJhjcif;rSm xl;jcm;onhf
    &v'fjzpfaMumif; od&onf/
    ]]ckvdk*Dworm;awG&JU zef
    wD;rIawGudk toHk;jyKolawGu
    pepfwusay;csiv
    f mNyq
    D &dk if ol
    wdkYay;zdkYvG,fatmif uRefawmf
    wdkYbufu tm;vHk;rQwwJhEIef;
    wpfck owfrSwfzdkYvdkw,f/ 'gudk
    aqG;aEG;aeygw,f}}[k jrihfrkd;
    atmifu qufvufajymMum;
    onf/
    jrefrmEkdifiH*Dwtpnf;t
    Hk;rS *Dworm;rsm;\ tEkynm
    aMu;&ydkifcGifhrsm;udk tywfpOf
    Mumoyaw;ESihfaomMum aeY
    wdkif; xkwfay;aeaMumif; od&
    onf/ jrefrmEkdifiH*Dwtpnf;
    tH k ; \ trI a qmif o pf v uf
    xuf w G i f *D w orm;rsm;ES i h f
    oufqkdifaom aumfrwD 15
    ckudk zGJUpnf;xm;&m rlydkifcGihf pD
    rHcefYcGJa&;aumfrwD? ndEIdif;ajz
    &Sif;a&;aumfrwD? EkdifiHwum
    quf q H a &;aumf r wD E S i f h j yef
    Mum;a&;aumfrwDwu
    Ykd kd twnf
    jyKzG J U pnf ; NyD ; jzpf a Mumif ; *D w
    tpnf;tH;k rS xkwjf yefaom pm
    &if;Z,m;rsm;t& od&onf/

    Movie Review
    Argo

    1979tD&efawmfveS af &;umvtwGi;f wD[&D ef


    NrdKU&Sd tar&duefoHHk;rSm ppfaoG;<ursm;\ 0ifa&muf
    pD;eif;jcif;cH&um tar&d uefEikd if o
    H m; 52 OD;jyefay;
    qJcG x
    H m;&onf/ ,if;wdt
    Yk xJrS ajcmufO;D vGwaf jrmuf
    NyD; uae'goHtrwfBuD;aetdrfwGif ykef;atmif;cJh
    &onf/,if;tjzpftysut
    f aMumif;udkq,fpEk pS af ygif;
    rsm;pGm vlxu
    k rod&cdS /hJ ,ckZmwfum;wGif ,if;tjzpf
    tysuf tar&duef pDtidk af tESihf uRr;f usio
    f l Tony
    Mendez wdkYrnfodkYvIyf&Sm;cJh&onfudk azmfxkwf
    wifjyxm;onf/
    Ben Affleck rif;om;? 'gdkufwmtjzpf yg0if
    dkuful;xm;NyD; Alan Arkin, John Goodman,
    Bryan Cranston, Taylor Shilling wdkYyg0ifokyf
    aqmifxm;NyD; pGefYpm;cef;? tuf&Sif? [mo? '&mrm
    aygif;pyfxm;aom Zmwfum;udk Warner Bros.
    uatmufwdkbm 12 &ufwGif jzefYcsdrnfjzpfonf/

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    jrefrmtoif; qlZluD;zvm;ajcppfyGJatmif&ef tajctaeaumif;


    AdkvfAdkvf0if;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 7
    2012 qlZluD;zvm;ajcppf y G J
    wGif 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifaeaom
    jref r mabmvH k ; toif ; onf
    ES p f y G J q uf t Ek d i f & &S d r I a Mumif h
    ajcppfyGJatmif&ef tajctae
    aumif;oGm;cJhonf/
    &efukefwGif usif;yvsuf
    &Sdonfh tqkdygajcppfyGJwGif tdrf
    &Sijf refrmtoif;onf yGOJ ;D xGuf
    wGif blEkdif;toif;udk 1-0 *kd;?
    'kwd,yGJpOfwGif wDarmtoif;
    ud k 2-1 *k d ; jzih f tEk d i f , l u m
    &rSwfajcmufrSwfudk tykdifqkyf
    ukdifEkdifcJhNyD;aemuf vufusefyGJ
    pOf E S p f y G J u sef a o;aomf v nf ;
    ajcppfyGJatmifjrif&ef tajct
    aeaumif;oGm;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
    jrefrmtoif;onf a'o
    wGif; tm;enf;onfhtoif;rsm;
    tm; tEkdif&&SdcJhaomfvnf; ajc
    pGrf;ykdif;wGif tom&rIr&SdcJhay/
    t"duwkdufppfrSL;rsm;jzpfonfh
    &efykdifESihf ausmfudkudkwdkY 'Pf&m
    aMumifh ryg0ifEidk cf sed w
    f iG f jrefrm
    toif;wku
    d pf pfrmS *k;d &&S&d ef ke;f
    uefcJh&NyD; toif;vdkufupm;yHk
    rSmvnf; tm;enf;csurf sm;&Sad e
    qJjzpfonf/ blEkdif;ESifh wDarm
    toif;enf;jyrsm;uvnf; jref
    rmtoif;taejzihf if;wkx
    Yd uf
    ydkuHaumif;cJhjcif;aMumifhom
    tEkdif&&SdcJhjcif;jzpfonf[kqkd
    Muonf/
    yGpJ OfEpS yf JG tEkid &f &Scd NhJ y;D csed f

    "mwfyHk - udkaZ

    wGif jrefrmtoif;enf;jy ywf


    aqmif[Gmu ajcppfyGJatmif
    jrif&ef 50 &mckdifEIef;aocsmcJh
    NyD[kajymMum;cJhonf/ jrefrmt
    oif;onf vufusefESpfyGJ quf
    vuf u pm;&ef usef & S d a eNyD ;
    atmufwkdbmv 11 &ufwGif

    uarm'D;,m;toif;ESihfvnf;
    aumif;? atmufwkdbmv 13
    &ufwiG f vmtkt
    d oif;ESiv
    fh nf;
    aumif ; quf v uf , S O f N yd K if &
    rnfjzpfonf/
    jrefrm? vmtkd? blEkdif;?
    wDarmtoif;rsm; tkyfpkywf

    vnf , S O f N yd K if v suf & S d o nf h


    tqk d y g ajcppf y G J p Of r sm;rS
    trSwftrsm; qHk;ESpfoif;onf
    aemuf q H k ; tqif h y G J p Of r sm;od k Y
    wufa&muf,SOf NydKifcGihf&&Sdrnf
    jzpfonf/ ajcppfyGJpOfrS tkyfpk
    yxr&toif;onfxkid ;f ?AD,uf

    erf? zdvpfykdiftoif;rsm; yg0if


    onfh tkyfpk(u) odkYusa&muf
    rnf j zpf N yD ; tk y f p k 'k w d , &t
    oif;onf rav;&Sm;? tif'dkeD;
    &Sm;? pifumyltoif;rsm;yg0if
    onfh tkypf (k c)odYk usa&mufrnf
    jzpfonf/

    tqk d y g ql Z l u D ; zvm;
    aemuf q H k ; tqif h y G J p Of r sm;ud k
    xkdif;EkdifiHESihf rav;&Sm;EkdifiHwdkY
    Ekd0ifbmv 24 &ufrS 'DZif
    bmv 22&uftxd usif;yoGm;
    rnfjzpfonf/

    qlZluD;zvm;ajcppfyGJ jrefrmtoif;upm;rnfh vufusefESpfyGJ y&dowftm; *smpDtusay;rnf qD;*drf;aqmif;yg;ESifh


    ESihf ,ckyGJpOfrsm;\ txl;wef;
    AdkvfAdkvf0if;
    0wKwdkNydKifyJG usif;yrnf
    vufrw
    S f usyo
    f ;kH axmifaps;EIe;f
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 8
    &efukefNrdKUwGif usif;yvsuf&Sd
    onfh 2012 qlZu
    l ;D zvm;ajcppf
    yGJ jrefrmtoif; ,SONf yKd iu
    f pm;
    rnf h vuf u sef E S p f y G J w G i f vm
    a&muftm;ay;rnfh y&dowfrsm;
    tm; Digicel ukrPDu *smpD
    tusrsm; vufaqmifay;tyf
    oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    atmufwkdbmv 5 &ufrS
    pwifusif;yvsuf&Sdonfh EkdifiH
    vufa&G;piftqifhtoif;rsm;
    yg0if,OS Nf ydKiv
    f su&f adS om tqkd
    ygajcppfyGJpOfrsm;wGif tdrf&Sif
    jrefrmtoif; ,SOfNydKifupm;
    onf h yG J p Of r sm;yif uG i f ; t
    wGi;f vma&mufMunfh t
    I m;ay;
    oltvGefenf;yg;aeonf/
    xd k Y a Mumif h uG i f ; twG i f ;

    "mwfyHk - AdkvfAdkvf0if;

    y&dowfrsm; ydkrdkvma&muftm;
    ay;Ekdif&ef &nf&G,f abmvHk;
    tzGJUcsKyfESifh tusKd;wlyl;aygif;
    aqmif & G u f a eaom Digicel
    ukrP
    u
    D *smpDtusv
    ufaqmif
    rsm; ay;tyfomG ;&efppD Ofjcif;jzpf
    onf / abmvH k ; tzG J U csKyf \
    owif;xkwjf yefcsut
    f & jrefrm
    toif;\ vufusefyGJpOfESpfyGJ
    wG i f d k ; k d ; wef ; yG J M unf h p if
    tapmqHk;vufrSwf0,f,ltm;
    ay;rnfh y&dowfESpfaxmifudk
    *smpDrsm; vufaqmifay;tyf

    oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/
    xkdYtjyif y&dowfrsm;t
    aejzifh vufrSwf0,f,l&mwGif
    EkdifiHom;pdppfa&;uwfjym;jyo
    &ef vdt
    k yfawmhrnfr[kwaf wmh
    aMumif ; vnf ; tzG J U csKyf u
    owif;xkwjf yefco
    hJ nf/ uGi;f t
    wG i f ; od k Y y&d o wf v ma&muf
    MunfhIrIEIef;enf;yg;&jcif;rSm
    ,ckajcppfyGJwGif yg0if,SOfNydKif
    onfh NydKifbuftoif;rsm; t
    aetxm;? yGJpOfrsm;udk kyfoHrS
    wd k u f k d u f x k w f v T i f h j yojcif ;

    rS m y&d o wf t rsm;pk t wG u f
    wefz;dk Bu;D jcif; ponfwaYkd Mumif;
    jzpfEkdifaMumif; avhvmolrsm;
    uqkdonf/
    odkYaomf ajcppfyGJpOfrsm;
    twGuf vufrSwfrsm; wm0ef
    ,laqmif&u
    G af eaom xkid ;f Ekid if H
    MYASIA TICKET rS wm0ef&Sdol
    wpfOD;url ,ck vufrSwfEIef;
    xm;rsm;onf tmqD,EH ikd if rH sm;
    aps;touf o mqH k ; jzpf
    aMumif; ajymonf/
    jrefrmabmvk;H toif;onf
    atmufwkdbmv 11 &ufwGif
    uarm'D;,m;toif;ESihfvnf;
    aumif;? atmufwkdbmv 13
    &ufwiG f vmtkt
    d oif;ESiv
    fh nf;
    aumif ; quf v uf , S O f N yd K if &
    rnfjzpfonf/

    AdkvfAdkvf0if;
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-4
    (27)Budrfajrmuf ta&SUawmif
    tm&Stm;upm;NydKifyJGESifh ywf
    ouf wpf y k ' f v Qif qk a Mu;
    usyfokH;odef;&&Sdrnfh aqmif;yg;
    ESifh 0wKwdkNydKifyJGrsm;udk usif;y
    oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;&&Sd
    onf/
    NydKifyJG ESpf&yfvkH;twGuf
    acgif;pOfrsm;rSm trsKd;om;a&;
    BudK;pm;ay; qD;*drf;NydKifyJGBuD;
    atmifjrifa&;? ZJGpdwfoefoef
    EJTpdwfrmef yg0ifqifEJTatmif
    jrif & ef ? tm;upm;ES i f h trsKd ;
    om;a&;wm0ef? vlwkdif;yg0if
    wkdY wm0ef? tm;upm;ESifh EkdifiHh

    *k P f a qmif M upd k Y tp&S d o nf h


    acgif;pOfrsm;tygt0if EkdifiHh
    tm;upm;atmifjrifa&;onf
    jynfov
    l x
    l w
    k pf&yfv;Hk ESihf ouf
    qkdifaMumif;? EkdifiHhtm;upm;
    atmifjrifrIonf EkdifiHzHGUNzdK;wdk;
    wufrI tqifhtwef;ESifh EkdifiH
    *kPfodumudk jrifhwifazmfjyae
    jcif;jzpfonf[laom trsKd;om;
    a&; cH,lcsufqkdif&mESifh quf
    oG,fonfh rdrdBudKufESpfouf&m
    acgif ; pOf r sm;jzif h v nf ; xnf h
    oGif;a&;om;EkdifaMumif; tm;
    upm;0efBuD;Xme\ xkwfjyef
    csufwGif yg&Sdonf/
    aqmif;yg;NydKifyJGtwGuf
    A4 pmrsuE
    f mS ig;rsuEf mS xuf
    pm(52)odkY

    51

    Sports

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    [Hom0wD,lEdkufwufudk qufvufwm0ef,l&ef IBTC odkY tzGJUcsKyf arwm&yfcHrnf


    AkdvfAdkvf0if;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 6
    jrefrmae&Sife,fvd*fNydKifyGJ0if
    [Hom0wD,lEdkufwuftoif;
    \ vuf&Sd toif;ykdif&Siftm; t
    oif;udk qufvufwm0ef,l&ef
    arwm&yfco
    H mG ;rnfjzpfaMumif;
    jrefrmEkdifiHabmvHk;tzGJUcsKyf
    Ou| OD;aZmfaZmfuajymMum;
    onf/
    vuf&Sd [Hom0wD,lEdkuf
    wuftoif;udk wm0ef,al qmif
    &Guaf eaom IBTC ukrPDtae

    jzifh toif;tm; jyefvnftyfESH


    &ef NyD;cJhonfh&ufykdif;twGif;u
    tzGJUcsKyfxH pmwifxm;onfht
    ay:wGif abmvH;k tzGUJ csKyOf u|
    \ oabmxm;tm; ar;jref;cJh
    &m OD;aZmfaZmfu txufygt
    wdkif;ajzMum;cJhonf/
    ]]uRefawmfhtaeeJY wpft
    csuf pmjyefyghr,f/ jzpfEkdif&if
    'Dtoif;udkqufaxmifzYdkarwm
    &yfcyH gr,f/ tpOftqufvnf;
    ud k a tmif r k d ; ausmf w k d Y t aeeJ Y
    vnf ; yl ; aygif ; yg0if a qmif

    ,l-19 trsKd;orD;toif; tm&SyxrtqifhajcppfyGJ


    zdvpfykdif? wkdifay? a[mifaumifwkdYESifh awGUrnf

    AkdvfAdkvf0if;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 4
    2013 tm&S,l-19 trsKd;orD;
    csefyD,H&SpfNydKifyGJtwGuf yxr
    tqihf ajcppfyGJwGif jrefrmt
    oif;onf zdvpfyidk ?f wkw(f wkid f
    ay)? a[mifaumiftoif;rsm;
    ESifh,SOfNydKif&rnfjzpfaMumif;
    owif;&&Sdonf/
    jrefrmtoif; yg0ifonfh
    tkyfpk(*)yGJpOfrsm;udk zdvpfykdif
    EkdifiH? reDvmNrdKUwGif atmufwdk
    bm 17 &uf r S 21 &uf t xd
    usif;yrnfjzpfonf/ jrefrm ,l19 trsKd;orD;toif;udk NyD;cJh
    onf h puf w if b mvqef ; u
    pwifpcef;oGif;avhusifhcJhjcif;
    jzpfNyD; enf;jycsKyftjzpf tmqD
    ,HtrsKd;orD;csefyD,H&SpfNydKifyGJ
    wGif 'kwd,&&SdcJhaom jrefrm
    trsKd;orD;toif;enf;jy *syef
    vlrsKd; ulrm'gu qufvufwm
    0ef,lrnfjzpffonf/
    tqd k y gNyd K if y G J o d k Y oG m ;
    a&muf,SOfNydKifrnfh jrefrmtrsKd;
    orD; ,l-19 toif;wGif tmqD

    ,H'kwd,qk&toif;rS touf
    rDonfh arolausmfESihf cifaEG;
    aEG;a&TwdkY yg0ifvmaMumif;od&
    onf/ tqkdygajcppfyGJpOf yxr
    tqifhwGif tkyfpk(u) tdEd,?
    OZbufupwef? um*spwef?
    b*Fvm;a'h&Sftoif;wkdY yg0if
    NyD; tkyfpk(c)wGif a*smf'ef? tD&ef?
    wm*spfupwef? ygvufpwkdif;
    toif;wkdY yg0if,SOfNydKif&rnf
    jzpfonf/
    'kwd,tqifh ajcppfyGJodkY
    wpf t k y f p k r S ES p f o if ; jzih f pk p k
    aygif; ajcmufoif;0ifa&muf
    ,SOfNydKifcGihf &&SdrnfjzpfNyD; xkdif;?
    AD,uferftoif;rsm;rSm 'kwd,
    tqifhajcppfyGJtqifhrS pwif
    0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifcGihf &&Sdxm;
    aMumif ; od & onf / NyD ; cJ h o nf h
    2011 ckESpf tm&S ,l-19 trsKd;
    orD;cseyf ,
    D &H pS af jcppfyw
    JG iG f jref
    rmtoif;onf zdvpfyidk t
    f oif;
    udk tEkdif&&SdcJhaomfvnf; OZ
    bufupweftoif;udk HI;edrfh
    cJhrIaMumifh yxrtqifhajcppf
    yGJrSxGufcJh&onf/

    &G u f c J h w mjzpf w J h t wG u f 'D t


    cuftcJrSm uRefawmfwkdY bm
    aygif;Ny;D vkyaf y;vd&Yk vJayghaemf/
    ol e J Y twl w l a ygif ; NyD ; awmh r S
    toif;udk &yfwnfzt
    Ykd wGuf BuKd ;
    pm;Munfhr,f/ aemufwpfqifh
    us&ifawmh olY&JUtaMumif;jyef
    wJhtay:rlwnfNyD;awmh b,f
    vdkqufvkyf&rvJ qdkwmudk
    tajz&Smr,f}}[k ,ckv 3 &uf
    wGif OD;aZmfaZmfuajymonf/
    rdrdtaejzihf tpOftvm
    &Scd o
    hJ nfh yJc;l wkid ;f a'oBu;D uk,
    d f

    pm;jyKtoif;tm; ysurf oGm;ap


    csiaf Mumif;? *syefEidk if w
    H iG f vuf
    &Sd vd*t
    f oif;aygif; 40 cef&Y cdS sed f
    wGif jrefrmEkdifiHwGif toif; 14
    oif;udk kef;uefvkyfae&qJjzpf
    aMumif ; ? yJ c l ; y&d o wf B uD ; t
    wGuv
    f nf; abmvH;k toif;wpf
    oif; aysmufroGm;apcsifovdk
    vd*fwGifvnf; tm;ravsmhoGm;
    apcsifonfhtwGuf vuf&Sd [H
    om0wDtoif;ykdif&SifESihf tzGJU
    udk arwm&yfcHoGm;rnfjzpfNyD;
    yl;aygif; ulnDaqmif&GufrIt

    wGupf Of;pm;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
    abmvHk;tzGJUcsKyfOu|u quf
    vufajymMum;cJhonf/
    tzGJUcsKyfrS taMumif;jyef
    pmtaejzihf atmufwkdbm 6
    &uftxd [Hom0wDtoif;xH
    od k Y a&muf r vmao;aMumif ;
    if;toif; tkyfcsKyfol OD;xGef;
    xGef;vif;uajymonf/ ]]vuf&Sd
    qlZluD;zvm;ajcppfyGJvnf; &ef
    uk e f r S m usif ; yaewJ h t wG u f
    tzGUJ csKyt
    f aeeJv
    Y nf; tvkyf yI f
    aer,fvdkY xifygw,f/ ajcppfyGJ

    NyD;&ifawmh wpfckckxl;Ekdifyg
    w,f/ vuf&Sd toif;uawmh
    yHrk eS t
    f wkid ;f qufomG ;aewmyg/
    toif;ykid &f iS b
    f ufuvnf; bm
    TefMum;csufrS rvmxm;ao;
    ygbl;}} [k OD;xGef;xGef;vif;u
    qkdonf/
    [Hom0wD toif;tae
    jzih f tzG J U csKyf x H pmwif x m;
    &mwG i f tcuf t cJ & S d o nf h t
    wGufqkdonfh taMumif;jycsuf
    omyg&SdaMumif; OD;aZmfaZmf\
    ajymMum;csuft&od&Sd&onf/

    52

    Sports

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    jrefrmabmvkH;toif; urmhtqifh
    owfrSwfcsuf ,cifvxuf wpfqifhavsmh
    AdkvfAdkvf0if;
    &efukef? atmufwdkbm-3
    urmhabmvkH;tzJUG csKyf(zDzm)u
    atmufwdkbmvtwGuf urmh
    tqifh owfrSwfcsufrsm; xkwf
    jyefaMunmcJ&h m jrefrmvufa&G;
    pifabmvkH;toif;onf ,cif
    vxuf wpfqifhavsmhusoGm;
    NyD; urmhtqifh 184 wGif &yf
    wnfaeonf/
    EkdifiHwum yJGpOfrsm;ESifh
    a0;uGmaeaom jrefrmtoif;
    onf NyD;cJhonfh pufwifbmv
    twGif;u pifumyltoif;ESifh
    ajcprf;yJGupm;cJhNyD; oa&uscJh
    aomfvnf; urmhtqifhowf
    rS w f c suf w G i f &rS w f 60 jzif h
    ,cifvxuf wpfqifhxyfrHus
    qif;cJhonf/
    ,ckv 3 &ufu xkwfjyef
    cJah om tqkyd g urmt
    h qifo
    h wf
    rSwfcsufrsm;wGif ta&SUawmif
    tm&SEkdifiHrsm; xkdif;toif;u
    urmhtqifh 139 jzifh OD;aqmif
    xm;Ny;D AD,uferf 140? zdvpfyikd f
    147? rav;&Sm; 162? pifumyl

    162? tif'dkeD;&Sm; 170? uarm


    'D;,m; 189? vmtdk 193? bl
    Ek d i f ; 203 ES i f h wD a rmtoif ;
    wkdYu urmhtqifh 206 wGif &yf
    wnf a eonf / jref r mtoif ;
    onf tmqD , H E k d i f i H r sm;wG i f
    tqifh 7 ae&m qufvuf&yf
    wnfaeonf/
    ur m h t qif h wpf a e&m
    wGif pydeftoif;u qufvuf
    &yfwnfaeNy;D if;\aemufwiG f
    *smreD? ay:wl*D? tm*sifwD;em;?
    t*Fvef? Oka*G;? tDwvD? udkvH
    bD,m? *&dtoif;rsm;u tpOf
    vk d u f & yf w nf a eonf / tm&S
    EkdifiHrsm;wGifrl *syeftoif;u
    urmhtqifh 23 jzifh xdyfqkH;rS
    OD;aqmifxm;onf/

    "mwfyHk - udkaZ

    pm(50) - qD;*drf;aqmif;yg;ESifh 0wKwdkNydKifyJG usif;yrnf rS


    renf; ajcmufrsuEf mS xufrrsm;?
    0wK wdkNydKifyJGtwGuf A4 pm
    rsufESm 10 rsuEf mS xufrenf;
    15 rsuEf mS xufrrsm;apbJ uGef
    ysLwmpm vkH; Font Size 14 t
    &G,ftpm;jzifh pmpDay;ydkY&rnf

    jzpfonf/
    NydKifyJG0ifpmrlrsm;teuf
    aqmif;yg; 10 yk'fESifh 0wKwdk
    10 yk'fudk a&G;cs,foGm;rnfjzpf
    um qkaMu;aiGtjzpf wpfyk'f
    vQif usyfokH;odef;pD csD;jrifhoGm;

    rnfjzpfaMumif; owif;&&So
    d nf/
    NydKifyJG0ifpmrlrsm;udk Ekd0ifbm
    7 &uf aemufqkH;xm; Tef
    Mum;a&;rSL;(vlx^k ynmXmecJ)G
    tm;upm;0efBuD;Xme? aejynf
    awmf kH;trSwf(31)odkY vdyfrl

    ay;zdkYEkdifNyD; pmrlESifhtwl ywfpf


    ydkY"mwfykHESpfykH? EkdifiHom;pdppf
    a&;uwfjym; rdwL rSew
    f pfapmif?
    udk,fwkdifa&;om;aMumif; 0efcH
    csufwpfapmif yg&Sd&rnfjzpf
    NyD; tqkdyg tcsuftvufrsm;

    tm;vk H ; xnf h o G i f ; xm;onf h


    aqmhzfaumfyDwpfcsyfyg xnfh
    oGif;ay;ydkY&rnf jzpfonf/ t
    ao;pdwo
    f &d v
    dS ykd gu zke;f -067406026 odkY qufoG,fpkHprf;
    EkdifaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/

    53

    International

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    orwtdkbm;rm;ESifh NydKifbuf
    rpf&Grf;aewdkY\ tajymiftysuf AD'D,dkrsm;
    xGufay:

    Photo - AP

    0g&Sifwef?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    awmifukd&D;,m; &ufyf*Dwo
    rm; ]]PSY}} \ tlaMumifaMumif
    ]ayguf} oDcsif; ] Gangnam
    Style} rSm EdkifiHa&;ESifhywfouf
    vmcJNh yjD zpfonf/ ,ckaemufq;kH
    ay:xGufxm;aom tajymift
    ysufAD'D,dkESpfckwGif tar&duef
    orw a&G;aumufyJGNydKifbuf
    rsm;jzpfaom bm;&uftdkbm;
    rm;ESifh rpf&Grf;aetjzpf okyf
    aqmiforl sm;onf vlwidk ;f BuKd uf
    ESpfoufonhf rjrif&aom jrif;
    udk pD;aeonhfyHkpH tursm;jzifh
    azsmfajzxm;Muonf/
    D t
    kd m;
    ]Obama Style} AD',
    tJ & pf & S 0 uf Z f (od k Y r [k w f )
    Smooth-E ua&;om;xk w f
    vkyfxm;NyD; orwtkdbm;rm;
    wpfa,muf 0g&Sifwef'DpDNrdKU
    tdraf cgifr;kd ay:wGif Gangnam
    Style uaeonfh[ef dkuful;
    xm;onf/

    ,if ; AD ' D , d k p mom;wG i f


    ]]a*smch su
    f vl;aeuae tkyd &mt
    xdvw
    l ikd ;f udk olcspjf rwfE;kd w,f/
    'gayrJv
    h nf; pD;yGm;a&;raumif;
    vkYd vkyif ef;ydwo
    f rd ;f vku
    d o
    f al wG
    udkolurkef;w,f}} [l yg&Sd
    onf/
    ]Mitt Romney Style} AD'D
    ,dktm; College Humor tzJGU
    ua&;om;dkuful;NyD; rpf&Grf;ae
    \taumif;BuKd uw
    f wfyu
    kH kd a&;
    om;xm;onf/ ,if;AD'D,dkpm
    om;wGif ]]ighrSmxl;jcm;wJh qHyif
    yHkpH&Sdw,f/ udk,fydkif*sufav
    ,mOfuighukd avxJo,faqmif
    oGm;w,f}} [laom pmom;rsm;
    yg&SdaMumif; od&onf/
    atmufwdkbmv 10 &uf
    wGif tdkbm;rm;ESifh rpf&Grf;ae
    wd\
    Yk pum;ppfx;kd yJG ]Gangnam
    Style } tuNydKifyJGrsm;&Sdavr
    vm;[kowif;wGif pl;prf;xm;
    onf/
    Ref: UPI

    Photo - Getty Images

    awmiftmz&du rkdif;oydwfwGif vlwpfOD;aoqHk;NyD;aemuf


    tvkyform; 12000 tvkyfjzKwfcH&
    &yfpwifbmh*f?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    &JwyfzJGUESifh &ifqkdifwkdufckdufrI
    rsm;aMumifh rdkif;vkyfom;wpfOD;
    aoqH k ; cJ h N yD ; aemuf ur m h t
    BuD;qHk; yvufwDerf xkwfvkyf
    a&;ukrP
    D tef*vd-k tar&duef
    yvufwDerf ukrPDu qEjy
    vkyfom; 12000 tm; tvkyfrS
    jzKwyf pfvu
    dk af Mumif; od&onf/
    xkdtawmtwGif; tvkyf
    orm;or*acgif;aqmifwpfOD;
    rSmvnf; rm&Dumema'owGif

    aoewfjzifh ypfcwfccH &hJ aMumif;


    or*tzJGUu ajymMum;onf/
    ]]Western yvufwDerf
    ukrPDu tzJGUcJGor*twGif;
    a&;rSL;wpfOD;[m rm&Dumema'
    orSm&SdwJholYtdrfrSm ypfowfcHchJ
    &ygw,f}} [k rkdif;vkyfom;rsm;
    trsK;d om;or* ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd vf
    vDpDbmpDa&Smhumu aMunm
    csufwpf&yfwGif azmfjyonf/
    rk d i f ; vk y f o m;rsm;onf
    pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&;qdkif&m
    Mum;emrI o d k Y wuf a &muf & ef

    ysufuGufcJhjcif;aMumifh tvkyf
    jzKwfypfvkdufjcif; jzpfonf[k
    yvufweD rfurk P
    u
    D ajymMum;
    onf/
    ,if;rSm awmiftmz&du
    EdkifiHtwGuf ta&;ygaom rkdif;
    vk y f i ef ; ud k xd k ; ES u f v monh f
    aemufqHk;y#dyujzpfonf/ rkdif;
    vk y f o m;rsm;\ vpmud p E S i f h
    ywfouf tjiif;yGm;rIrsm; jzpf
    ay:cJ h a om awmif t mz&d u
    EdkifiHwGif Mo*kwfvrSp rkdif;
    vkyfom;oydwfrsm;ESifh &ifqkdif

    ae&onf/
    Anglo American yvuf
    wD e rf uk r P D r S rk d i f ; vk y f o m;
    28000 onf &yfpwifbmh*fNrdKU
    &SdBuD;rm;us,fjyefYaom pufkH
    wGif qEjyaeonfrmS &ufow
    ywfoHk;ywfMumjrihfvmNyDjzpf
    onf/ ,if;odkYoydwfarSmufrI
    rsm;aMumifh ukrPDtwGuf uef
    a':vmoef; 80 cefY epfemcJhNyD
    jzpfaMumif; ,if;ukrP
    u
    D ajym
    Mum;onf/
    Ref: AFP

    tmz*efepwefwGif tar&duefwyfrsm;\ pGefYvTwfrIudk todtrSwfjyKoifhaMumif; uefumuG,fa&;0efBuD; ajymMum;


    vDrm?
    atmufwdkbm - 6
    tar&duefumuG,fa&;0efBuD;
    vD,Gefyefewfwmonf tmz
    *eforw[mrpfumZdik ;f utar
    &duefwyfrsm;\ pGefYvTwftepf
    emcH r I t ay:tod t rS w f j yK&
    rnft
    h pm; a0zefaejcif;udkraus
    eyf aMumif; xkwfazmfajymMum;
    vk d u f o nf / vuf w if t ar&d

    uefc&D;pOftjzpfyD ;l Edik if H vDrm


    NrKd UawmfoYkd a&muf&adS eaom yef
    ewfwmu owif;axmufrsm;
    ESifhawGUqHk&mwGif xdkuJhodkY ajym
    Mum;cJhjcif; jzpfonf/
    ]]uRefawmfwdkY tmz*efrSm
    wd k ; wuf r I & atmif vk y f c J h y g
    w,f / bmh a Mumif h v J q d k a wmh
    tmz*ef&JU tcsKyftjcmtmPm
    eJY udk,fhEdkifiHudk,fvHkNcHKpGm tkyf

    csKyfEdkifzdkYtwGuf wdkufyJG0ifzkdY?
    aozdkYqE&SdwJh a,mufsm;? rdef;r
    awGtrsm;BuD;&SdaevkdYyg/ uRef
    awmfwdkY tar&dueftrsKd;om;?
    trsKd ; orD ; wyf o m; 2000
    avmufqHk;IH;cJhNyD;ygNyD/ tJ'DrSm
    Edik if w
    H umr[mrdww
    f yfzUGJ a&m?
    tmz*efwyfom;awGa&m wdkuf
    yJaG wGrmS usq;kH cJ&h wmtrsm;Bu;D
    yg/ uRefawmfxifwmuawmh

    (tmz*ef) orw[m tmz*ef


    epweftwGuf aocJh? wdkufyJG
    0ifcMhJ uwJo
    h al wG&UJ pGev
    Yf w
    T rf u
    I kd
    aus;Zl;wifaMumif; azmfjycJh&if
    ydkNyD; taxmuftuljzpfygvdrfh
    r,f } } [k u ef u muG , f a &;0ef
    BuD;u ajymMum;cJhonf/
    0efBuD;ygewfwm\ ,ck
    ajymMum;csufonf rMumrDu
    tmz*ef o r w umZd k i f ; u t

    ar&duefjynfaxmifpkonf yg
    up w ef w G i f tajcpd k u f a om
    tmz*efepwefppfaoG;<ursm;
    ud k & S i f ; vif ; &ef ysuf u G u f c J h
    aMumif ; ajymMum;tNyD ; ay:
    xGufvmjcif;jzpfonf/ tmz
    *efepwefEikd if w
    H iG t
    f ar&duefppf
    om;rsm;\ yHk&dyfrSm ppfpcef;
    twGi;f ,ckEpS f ud&k efusr;f rsm;
    rD;IdUrI? t&yfom;rsm;tm; rSm;

    ,Gi;f ypfcwfrw
    I adYk Mumifh usqif;
    aeonf/ tmz*efepvHkNcHKa&;
    wyfzJGU0ifrsm;rSmvnf; ,ckESpf
    twG i f ; r[mrd w f a ewd k ; wyf
    rsm;udk ypfcwfrIaMumifh tenf;
    qH k ; aewd k ; wyf o m; 51 OD ; cef Y
    aoqHk;cJh&onf/
    Ref: AFP

    54

    International

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    vpfAsm;0efBuD;csKyfopf
    xkwfy,fcH&

    x&DydkvD? atmufwkdbm - 8
    tpd;k &tzGUJ opftwGuf ygvDref
    \ axmufcHrI&&Sd&ef 'kwd,t
    Budrf BudK;yrf;rIratmifrjrifjzpf
    cJ h N yD ; aemuf vpf A sm;Ek d i f i H \
    topfpufpuf 0efBuD;csKyf rlp
    wmzmtbl & S m *grS m &mxl ; rS
    xkwfy,fcHvdkuf&aMumif;od&
    onf/
    0efBuD;Xmeq,fckomyg
    0ifaomta&;ay:tpk;d &wpf&yf
    zGJUpnf;a&; rlpwmzmuawmif;
    qkdcJhonf/ okdYaomf if;\tqkd
    jyKwifjycsufudk taxGaxGt
    rsK;d om;uGe*f &uf(GNC)u 125
    rJ? 44 rJjzihf uefYuGufrJay;cJh
    NyD; uGef*&uftzGJU0if 17OD; u
    rJray;cJhMuay/
    rp w mtbl & S m *gonf

    pufwifbm 12 &ufu 0efBuD;


    csKyf t jzpf a&G ; aumuf c H & NyD ;
    0efBuD; 24 OD; yg0ifaom tpkd;&
    tzGJUudk ,cif&ufowywft
    wG i f ; wif j ycJ h o nf / ok d Y a omf
    vnf; trsKd;om;uGef*&ufESihf
    jynfov
    l x
    l \
    k uefu
    Y u
    G q
    f EjyrI
    rsm; &SdcJhNyD;aemuf ,if;tpdk;&t
    zGJUtrnfpm&if;udk jyefvnfkyf
    odrf;cJh&onf/
    ,if ; aemuf 72 em&D t
    wG i f ; trsKd ; om;uG e f * &uf u
    vufcHEkdifaom tpdk;&wpf&yf
    zGUJ pnf;&ef &mZoHay;cH&Ny;D xdo
    k Ydk
    rvk y f y gu t,H k t Munf r &S d
    tqk d w if o G i f ; rI E S i h f & if q k d i f &
    rnf[k owday;cHchJ&onf/
    rpwm&Sm*gonf Ny;D cJo
    h nfh
    ES p f u vpf A sm;acgif ; aqmif
    rGrrf mu'gzDjzKwcf sc&H Ny;D aemuf
    ykdif; vpfAsm;wGif yxrqHk; a&G;
    aumufcH&onfh 0efBuD;csKyfjzpf
    NyD; Mum;jzwftpkd;&tzGJUacgif;
    aqmif tA'l&m[ift,fvfuD
    ,uf\ vufatmufwGif wpf
    ESpfausmfMum 'kwd,0efBuD;csKyf
    tjzpf wm0ef x rf ; aqmif c J h
    oljzpfonf/
    Ref: BBC/Reuters

    aemufausmzHk; - ta&SUtm&SESifh ypdzdwf zGHUNzdK;qJEkdifiHrsm;


    pD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufEIef; urmYbPfavQmhcscefYrSef; rS
    urmb
    h PfrS aemufq;kH xkwjf yef
    cJhonfh ta&SUtm&SESifh ypdzdwf
    pD;yGm;a&;tcsuftvufapmihf
    MunfhrItpD&ifcHpmwGif Oa&my
    pD;yGm;a&;usqif;rIudk Tef;qkd
    xm;NyD; tm&Sypdzdwfa'oonf
    2013 wGif *sD'DyDwkd;wufrIus
    qif ; Ek d i f a Mumif ; cef Y r S e f ; xm;
    onf/
    ur m h b Pf u ,ck u J h o d k Y
    avQmch scefrY eS ;f aom ta&SUtm&S
    ES i f h y pd z d w f zG H U Nzd K ;qJ E k d i f i H r sm;
    pm&if;wGif wkwf? tif'dkeD;&Sm;?

    rav;&Sm;? zdvpfykdif? xkdif;? AD


    ,uferf? uarm'D;,m;? zD*s?D vm
    tkd? jrefrm? rGef*dkvD;,m;? ygyl
    tme,l;*DeD? aqmfvrGefuRef;pk
    rsm;ESihf ta&SUwDarmEkdifiHwdkY
    yg0ifonf/
    urmhbPfu ,if;EkdifiH
    rsm;\ pD;yGm;a&;onf Oa&my
    b@ma&;tusyt
    f wnf;uJo
    h Ydk
    jyifytajctaersm;aMumifh wk;d
    wufEIef;aES;auG;EkdifaMumif;
    tav;ay;azmfjycJhonf/
    Ref: AFP

    Photo : AFP

    rufqmcsL;qufjynfe,ftyk cf sKyaf &;rSL;a[mif;jzpfNy;D &Dyufbavueforwavmif;wpfO;D vnf;jzpfol rpf&eG ;f aeu zavmf&'D gjynfe,f&dS ydpYk ed v
    Yf pl ND rKd UwGif atmufwb
    kd m
    7 &ufu Tradition NrdKUawmf&ifjyif csDwufaeaom axmufcHolrsm;tm; vufa0SY,rf;jyaeyHk/ &Gef;aeonf Am*sD;eD;,m;jynfe,fodkY roGm;rD zavmf&D'gjynfe,fwGif
    rJqG,f pnf;Hk;aejcif;jzpfNyD; Am*sD;eD;,m;ppfynmtifpwDusK'f EdkifiHjcm;a&;rl0g' rdefYcGef;wpf&yf ajymMum;&ef pDpOfxm;onf/

    oabmxm;rjywfom;aom jynfe,frsm;wGif rpf&Grf;aeu tkdbm;rm;tm; pdefac:ae


    ydkYrdefYvlpD? atmufwkdbm - 8
    vlxkppfwrf;rsm;t& orwtkd
    bm;rm;\aemuf o d k Y wjznf ;
    jznf; a&mufvmjcif;udk &yfwefY
    EkdifvdkufyHk&aom rpwmrpf&Grf;
    aeonf EkdifiHjcm;a&;ay:vpD
    ESihf ywfouf tkdbm;rm;ESifh
    'Drdku&ufygwDtay: xyfrHxkd;
    ES u f w k d u f c d k u f & ef jyif q if a e
    onf/
    atmuf w k d b m 3 &uf
    u 'ef;Am;NrdKUwGifjyKvkyfaom

    yxrtBudrf pum;ppfxkd;yGJ
    ykdifykdifEkdifEkdif jiif;cHkcJhNyD;aemuf
    &DyufbavuefrS pdefac:ol
    rpf & G r f ; aerS m NcH p nf ; k d ; ay:
    cG x k d i f a eonf h oabmxm;r
    jywfom;aom jynfe,frsm;wGif
    tajctae jyefaumif;vmcJh
    onf/
    atmufwkdbmv 22 &uf
    wGiv
    f nf; 'Dru
    dk &uf'o
    k rw*sK;d
    bkdif'ifESihf &DyufbavuefNydKif
    buf aygvfkdif,efwkdY\ pum;

    ppfx;dk yGv
    J nf;&Sad e&m rpf&rG ;f ae
    onf ,HkMunfrIydkrdk&SdvmyHk&NyD;
    rdrdukd,fudk pdwfcsvufcs&Sdae
    aom tkdbm;rm;tzGJUudk cHppf
    ae&modkY a&muf&SdapcJhonf/
    rpwmrpf&Grf;aeonf Ekdif
    iHjcm;a&;ay:vpDESihfywfouf
    Am*sD ; eD ; ,m;jynf e ,f w G i f
    rdeYf cGe;f wpf&yfajymMum;&ef&NdS yD;
    Ny;D cJo
    h nfv
    h twGi;f vpfAsm;Ekid if H
    wGif tar&duefoHtrwfBuD;
    c&pfwkdzm pwDAif tygt0if

    tar&duefEidk if o
    H m;av;OD;ao
    qHk;NyD;csdef rpwmtkdbm;rm;
    tay: zdtm;ay;&efBuKd ;pm;zG,f
    &Sdaeonf/
    xkdtawmtwGif; wpfEkdif
    iHvHk; twkdif;twmjzihfjzpfap?
    jynfe,ftvdkufjzpfap jyKvkyf
    aom vlxo
    k abmxm;ppfwrf;
    rsm;wG i f rpf & G r f ; aerS m tajc
    taeaumif;vmaMumif;awGU&Sd
    &onf/
    Ref: Reuters

    ql'efESifh awmifql'efEkdifiHMum; e,fpyf*dwfjyefzGifhrnf


    cgwGef? atmufwkdbm - 8
    NyD;cJhonfhvtwGif; ESpfEkdifiH vHk
    NcHKa&;oabmwlnDcsuf&&SdcJhNyD;
    ql'efEiS hf awmifq'l efEidk if MH um;
    e,f p yf * d w f a yguf r sm;ud k jyef
    vnfzGihfvSpfrnfjzpfaMumif; ql
    'efEkdifiHykdifrD'D,muajymMum;
    onf/
    ql'efEiS fh awmifq'l efEidk if H
    cGJxGufoGm;NyD;csdefwGif ESpfEkdifiH
    Mum; e,fpyfukefoG,fa&;&yf

    qkdif;vkeD;yg;jzpfcJhNyD; a&S;ya0
    oPDuyif &Scd ahJ ompm;eyf&u
    d m ?
    avmifpmESihfvloHk;ukefypnf;
    rsm; o,f , l a &;vrf;aMumif;
    rsm; jywfawmufoGm;cJhonf/
    vrf;aMumif;rsm; ydwfqkdY
    oGm;cJh ukefonfrsm;u uif
    nmESihf ,l*ef'gEkdifiHrsm;rS ukef
    ypnf;jzwfausmfo,faqmifrI
    rsm;udkom tm;udk;aecJh&ojzifh
    awmifql'efEkdifiHwGif aiGaMu;

    azmif;yGrIrsm; jrifhrm;cJhonf/
    awmifql'efEkdifiHESifh ukef;
    vrf ; ? a&vrf ; ? e,f p yf v rf ;
    aMumif;rsm; jyefvnfzGihfvSpf
    aMumif; ql'eforw[wfqef
    t,f v f b m&S m ;u aMunmcJ h
    onf[k ql'efEkdifiHydkifrD'D,mrS
    wpfqifh rkdbkdif;zkef;oHk;pGJolrsm;
    xHodkY owif;pmom;rsm;ay;ydkYcJh
    onf/
    awmifq'l efEidk if rH mS ,cif

    u ql'efEkdifiH\ tpdwftykdif;
    wpf c k t jzpf &yf w nf c J h N yD ;
    a'oESpfckMum; q,fpkESpfrsm;
    pGm jynfwGif;ppfjzpfay:cJhum
    2005 wG i f Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;o
    abmwlnDcsuf&&SdNyD; 2011 ck
    ESpfwGif wpfEkdifiHcsif;pD oD;jcm;
    &yf w nf v mcJ h o nf / od k Y a omf
    a&eHxkwfvkyfrIESihf ywfouf
    ESpfEkdifiHMum; tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;
    &Sad eqJjzpfonf/Ref: Reuters

    55

    Vol.11,
    Vol.9, No.31
    No.29 October
    October 11
    7, 2010
    , 2012

    tar&dueftwGuf vHkNcHKa&;tE&m,f&Sd
    Huawei ESifh ZTE
    ukrPDrsm;udk ydwfyifoifhaMumif;
    uGef*&ufwGifajymMum;
    vef'ef? atmufwkdbm - 8
    wkwfqufoG,fa&; ukrPDESpfckjzpfaom
    Huawei ESifh ZTE wkdYonf tar&dueftwGuf
    vHkNcHKa&;Ncdrf;ajcmufrItE&m,fay;ae if;
    wku
    Yd kd ydwyf ifoifh aMumif; tar&duefueG *f &uf
    vTwfawmf\ pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJUwpfcku
    ajymMum;vdkufonf/
    tar&duefatmufvTwfawmfpHkprf;ppf
    aq;a&;aumfrwD\ tpD&ifcpH mwGif Huawei
    ESihf ZTE ukrP
    rD sm;onf vkyif ef;aqmif&u
    G &f m
    wGif if;wdkYtpkd;&\ MoZmvTrf;rkd;rIjzihf aqmif
    &GufaeaMumif; azmfjycJhonf/
    xkdYaMumifh ,if;ukrPDESpfckESihf yl;aygif;
    vkyfaqmif&ef rjzpfEkdifaMumif; tpD&ifcHpm
    wGif tBuHay;xm;NyD;
    pm(45)odkY

    ta&SUtm&SESifh ypdzdwf
    zGHUNzdK;qJEkdifiHrsm;
    pD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufEIef;
    urmYbPfavQmhcscefYrSef;
    pifumyl? atmufwkdbm - 8
    urmhpD;yGm;a&;wkd;wufvmjcif; r&Sd
    ao;aomaMumifh urmhbPfonf
    2012 twGuf ta&SUtm&SEiS hf ypdzw
    d f
    a'o&Sd zGHUNzdK;qJEkdifiHrsm;\ pD;yGm;a&;
    wkd;wufrI cefYrSef;csufudk 2011 wGif
    8 'or 3 &mckid Ef eI ;f cefrY eS ;f cJ&h mrS ,ck
    ESpftwGuf 7 'or 2 &mckdifEIef;om
    cefYrSef;vdkufonf/
    urmb
    h Pf\ a'oqkid &f m pD;yGm;
    a&;ynm&Sifbwfa[mhzrf ef;u ,ckuhJ
    odkY cefYrSef;rIEIef;rSm 2011 rSp tm&S
    ypdzw
    d af 'otwGuf tedrq
    hf ;kH cefrY eS ;f
    rIjzpfaMumif;qkdonf/
    pm(54)odkY

    Huawei ukrPDxkwf
    Ascend P1 zkef;udk
    MunfhIavhvmaeolwpfOD;
    Photo : AFP

    EkdifiHwGif; vufeufBuD;rsm; usa&mufaygufuGJNyD;aemuf rav;&Sm;qufoG,fa&;ukrPD Axiata


    jrefrmhqufoG,fa&;u@odkY 0ifa&mufzG,f&Sd
    wl&uDu qD;&D;,m;bufodkY jyefvnfypfcwf

    Photo : AFP

    atmufwdkbm 4 &ufu wl&uD-qD;&D;,m;e,fpyfteD; awmifydkif; qefvD,mzmjynfe,f tufumau;vf


    NrdKUwGif wl&uDppfom;rsm; apmifhMuyfaepOf

    tpwefblvf? atmufwkdbm - 8
    wl&uDEkdifiH\ e,fpyfNrdKUjzpfaom tufumau;vfNrdKUodkY qD;&D;,m;EkdifiHrS ypfcwfvdkuf
    aom vufeufBuD;usnfqefrsm; usa&mufcJhNyD;aemuf wl&uDwyfzGJUrsm;onf qD;&D;,m;
    EkdifiHwGif;odkY vufeufBuD;rsm;jzihf jyefvnfypfcwfcJhaMumif; od&onf/
    pm(45)odkY

    yufwif*sm,m?
    atmufwkdbm - 8
    rav;&Sm;EkdifiHtajcpkduf tm&S
    \ tBuD;qHk;w,fvDzkef;quf
    oG,af &;0efaqmifru
    I rk P
    BD uD;
    rsm;teuf wpf c k j zpf o nf h
    Axiata onf jrefrmhqufoG,f
    a&;u@wGif 0ifa&mufciG &fh &ef
    arQmfvihfaeaMumif; xkwfazmf
    ajymMum;vdkufonf/
    Axiata onf jrefrmhquf
    oG,fa&;u@wGif rkdbkdif;atmf
    ya&wmtjzpf aqmif&Guf&ef
    tjcm;ukrPDBuD;rsm;jzpfaom
    aemfa0;rS Telenor ? um&pfb,
    D H
    a'o\ tBuD ; qH k ; atmf y a&
    wmukrPD Digicel? AD,uferf
    rS VNPT-Fujitsu? k&Sm;rS Vimpel Com ESihf qDG'ifrS Telia Sonera AB wkdYESihf jynfwGif;wGif
    vkyu
    f idk cf iG v
    hf idk pf if&&ef ,SONf yKd if

    &rnfjzpfonf/
    Axiata ukrPD wm0ef&Sd
    ol w pf O D ; u ]]jref r mjynf [ m
    &if;ESD;jrKyfESHzkdY pdwf0ifpm;p&m
    aumif;wJh aps;uGufwpfckyg/
    wkd;wufrIjrihfrm;r,fh tvm;t
    vm&SdaewJh r[mAsL[muswJh
    aps;uGuw
    f pfcyk gyJ}}[kajymonf/
    jref r mh r k d b k d i f ; quf o G , f
    a&;aps;uGufwGif vlOD;a&oef;
    60 ceft
    Y wGuf qufo,
    G af &;jzpf
    xGef;&efaqmif&Guf&rnfjzpf&m
    BuD;rm;aomaps;uGujf zpfonf/
    od&Yk mwGif txufygyk*Kd vf
    u ]]tJ'DrSm &if;ESD;jrKyfESHzkdYu
    uRefawmfwkdY&JU r[mAsL[mqkdif
    &mpH E I e f ; awG e J Y wif ; usyf w J h
    b@ma&;twm;tqD ; awG
    tcuftcJr&SdzkdYvdkygw,f}} [k
    ajymonf/
    pm(45)odkY

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    &Sm;cJBuD; &Sm;cJav;tif;t"dukPf; &JwyfzGJUajz&Sif;rI Oya'ESifhrnD[kqkd


    rif;[def;ausmf
    ykodrf? atmufwdkbm-8
    {&m0wDwkdif;a'oBuD; usHKaysmf
    NrdKUe,ftwGif;&Sd &Sm;cJBuD;&Sm;cJ
    av;tif;wGif jzpfyGm;cJhonfh t
    "dukPf;wGif wkdif;a'oBuD;&J
    wyfzUJG rS aqmif&u
    G cf rhJ rI sm;onf
    Oya'ESit
    fh nD ypfcwfErdS ef if;jcif;
    r[kwfbJ pnf;urf;ESifh rnDbJ
    aqmif&GufcJhonfhtwGuf vl
    ESpfOD; aoqHk;cJhjcif;jzpfaMumif;
    {&m0wD w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; vT w f
    awmf ud k , f p m;vS , f OD ; oef ;
    xGe;f u atmufwb
    kd m 8 &uf aeY
    u ajymMum;onf/

    OD;oef;xGef;u atmuf
    wkdbm 8 &ufwGif jyKvkyfonfh
    {&m0wD w k d i f ; a'oBuD ; vT w f
    awmf pwkwyHkrSef tpnf;ta0;
    wGif ta&;Bu;D tqdw
    k ifoiG ;f &m
    ajymMum;jcif;jzpfonf/

    tqkdyg t"dukPf;rsm;
    aMumifh e,fajrwnfNidrf vHkNcHK
    rIr&Syd J rdom;pko;kH av;pk pkaygif;
    aexkdifae&aMumif;? &Jrsm;\
    vHkNcHKa&;csxm;rIrsm;vnf; xd
    a&mufrrI &So
    d nft
    h wGuf tpk;d &
    \ vk y f a qmif c suf r sm; tm;
    enf;onf[kqkdum &Gmom;rsm;
    u r,HkMunfaom taetxm;
    jzpfaeaMumif; ta&;BuD;tqdk

    wGif xnfhoGif;ajymMum;onf/
    ]]&Sm;cJtif;jyemu tif;
    olBuD;eJY a&vkyfom; ESpfzuft
    pktzGJUawG oabmxm;uGJvGJNyD;
    jzpfwmudk tcsdefeJYwpfajy;nD
    wm0ef&SdolawGu ajz&Sif;ray;
    wJhtwGuf rif;rJhpdkufawGjzpf
    ay:NyD; aus;&Gmom;rsm;twGuf
    vHkNcHKa&;eJY w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;
    r&SdrItay: tpkd;&tzGJUrS tjref
    qHk; pDrHcefYcGJa&; enf;Oya't&
    ta&;,l a qmif & G u f a &;enf ;
    rsm; eJY tjrefq;kH ta&;,laqmif
    &Gufay;yg&ef ta&;wBuD;tqdk
    wifoGif;&jcif; jzpfygw,f}}[k
    OD;oef;xGef;u ajymonf/

    t"dukPf; ESdrfeif;rIjyK
    vkyf&mwGif &JwyfzGJU taejzihf
    t"dukPf;ESdrfeif;a&; Oya'
    twkdif; aqmif&GufrI &Sd r&Sd? ypf
    cwf & mwG i f touf r aoEk d i f
    aom ae&mukdypf&ef vdkufemrI
    &Sd r&SdESihf tcif;jzpfyGm;&m wm
    0efxrf;aqmif&ef vma&muf
    pOfuyif vkt
    d yfonfh twm;t
    qD;rsm; toHk;jyKjcif; &Sd? r&Sd p
    onf h t csuf r sm;uk d pH k p rf ; ppf
    aq;&efvdkaMumif;? &JwyfzGJUrsm;
    tm; a'ocHvlxkrS 0dkif;&Hwm;
    qD;&efjyKaom tcsdefwGifrS t
    ouf c sif ; vJ , l umuG , f &

    aom jzpf&yfonf vH;k 0rjzpfoifh


    aom jzpf&yfjzpfaMumif; if;t
    qdktm; axmufcHwifjyol om
    aygif;rJqEe,frS wkid ;f a'oBu;D
    vT w f a wmf uk d , f p m;vS , f OD ;
    0if;odef;u ajymonf/
    ]]uReaf wmfvufyu
    kd Mf unfh
    raeEdik b
    f ;l / aemufausmckid ;f Ny;D
    raeEkid yf gbl;/ ta&;BuD;tqked YJ
    ywfoufNyD; vTwfawmf&JU t
    qHk;tjzwfudk &,loGm;rSmjzpf
    w,f/ tckjzpf&yf[m {&m0wD
    wkdif;a'oBuD;wpfckvHk; wnf
    Nidrfat;csrf;a&;? w&m;Oya'
    pdk;rdk;a&;twGuf ta&;ygwm
    aMumifh 'Dtqkdudk vTwfawmf
    udk,fpm;vS,frsm;u aqG;aEG;
    Muyg/ 'Dudp[m tqkdwifHkeJY
    Ny;D pD;oGm;r,fh udpr [kwyf gbl;/
    tcsdef,lNyD; ajz&Sif;&rSmjzpfyg
    w,f}} [k vTwfawmfOu| OD;
    qef;qifhu ajymonf/
    ,ck j zpf p Of o nf k w f w
    &ufay:aygufvmjcif; r[kwf
    bJ zGJrD;uJhodkY waiGUaiGUavmif
    uRrf;ae&mrS jzpfay:cJhjcif;jzpf
    aMumif;? tqkyd gjzpfpOfrsm;onf
    &Sm;cJBuD; &Sm;cJav;a'owGif
    omjzpfay:cJjh cif;r[kwb
    f J ,ck
    v 6 &ufEiS fh 7 &ufwiG f &&Sad om
    owif;rsm;t& bdkuav;NrdKU

    e,f? u'HkuedwGif tif;udp


    ESihf ywfoufaom rauseyfrI
    aMumifh&Jpcef;udk 0dkif;onfhjzpf
    pOfrsm; ay:aygufco
    hJ nfukd od&dS
    &ygaMumif; OD;qef;qifhu ajym
    onf/
    jyemjzpfyGm;aom &Sm;
    cJBuD; &Sm;cJav;tif;tm; bHkig;
    zrf;vkyu
    f u
    G t
    f jzpf owfrw
    S Nf y;D
    tif;em;ae a&vkyo
    f m;rsm;tm;
    ud&d,m 16 rsdK;jzihf &SmazGpm;
    aomufEkdifa&;twGuf wkdif;a'
    oBuD; tpkd;&u tjrefqHk;pDpOf
    aqmif&Gufay;oifhaMumif; ZGef
    v 25 &ufwGif vTwfawmfrS t
    pdk;& tzGJUodkY wkdufwGef;cJhaomf
    vnf; vkdufemaqmif&Gufjcif;
    r&Sdojzihf ,ckuJhodkY rvkdvm;
    tyfbJ toufay;vdkuf&aom
    jzpfpOfrsm; ay:aygufcJhjcif;jzpf
    aMumif ; OD ; 0if ; od e f ; u ajym
    Mum;onf/
    &Sm;cJBuD; &Sm;cJav;tif;
    wGif jzpfyGm;aom udp&yfrsm;
    aMumihf aus;&Gmaejynfolrsm;
    vHkNcHKa&;ESihf Oya'pdk;rdk;a&; r&Sd
    rItay: tjrefqHk;pDrHcefYcGJa&;
    Oya'enf;vrf;rsm;jzihf aqmif
    &Gufay;&ef ta&;BuD;tqkdudk
    atmuf w d k b m 8 &uf w G i f jyK
    vkyfonfh {&m0wDwkdif;a'o

    txnfcsKyfvkyfief;rsm; vkyfief;vnfywfa&; tcufBuHK


    jynfodrf;
    &efukef?
    atmufwdkbm-6
    tar&duefu ydkYukefwm;jrpf
    csuf z,f&Sm;vkdufcsdefwGif jynf
    wGif;txnfcsKyfvkyfief;rsm;
    atmf'gzsufodrf;rIrsm;aMumifh
    vkyif ef;vnfywf&ef tcuftcJ
    rsm;ESihf &ifqkdifae&aMumif; jref
    rmEkdifiHtxnfcsKyf vkyfief;&Sif
    rsm;toif;rS owif;&&Sdonf/
    jynf w G i f ; rMumcif u
    jzpfay:cJo
    h nfh tvkyo
    f rm;qE
    jyrIrsm;ESifh rNird o
    f ufjcif;aMumifh
    ukd&D;,m;? *syefEkdifiHrsm;rS trSm
    rsm; uarm'D;,m; tygt0if
    tjcm;EkdifiHrsm;odkY ajymif;a&TUrSm
    ,lMujcif;jzpfaMumihjf zpfaMumif;
    tqdkygtoif;rS Ou| OD;jrihfpdk;
    u&Sif;jyonf/
    ydkYukefwm;jrpfrI z,f&Sm;
    vkdufjcif;\ tusdK;oufa&muf
    rI&&ef tcsdefwpfESpfcefY MumOD;
    rnfjzpfNyD; ,cktcsdefwGif *syef

    ESihf ukd&D;,m;aps;uGufudkom
    tm;xm;ae&onf/
    ]]'Dawmifukd jynfwGif;u
    txnfcsKyfawG ausmfEkdifyghr
    vm;qkdwm pdk;&drfae&w,f}}[k
    OD;jrihfpdk;u qkdonf/
    pD;yGm;a&;yGifhvif;rI toH
    rsm;xGufay:aecsdef jzpfaomf
    vnf; Oa&myor*EkdifiHrsm;rS
    zGUH NzKd ;rItm;enf;onfh Ekid if rH sm;udk
    ay;onfh tcGefoufomrI t
    xl;tcGifhta&;rSm tcsdefumv
    raocsmao;jcif;? tar&duef
    EkdifiHu ykdYukeftay: ydwfyif
    wm;qD;xm;rIrsm; z,f&Sm;ay;
    aomfvnf; trSmrsm; ra&muf&Sd
    vmao;jcif;wkdYaMumifh jrefrmh
    txnfcsKyfvkyfief;rSm pdk;&drf&
    onfh tajctaeodkY a&mufae
    aMumif; vIdifom,mpufrIZkef rS
    txnfcsKyv
    f yk if ef;&Siw
    f pfO;D u
    qkdonf/
    ]]atmf'gr&? tdw
    k rD &Sad wmh
    tvkyform;awG vpmu usyf

    wpfaomif;cGJ? ESpfaomif; avsmh


    oGm;rSm pdk;&drf&w,f}}[k ,if;
    vkyfief;&Sifuqdkonf/
    vuf&dS jrefrmEkid if w
    H iG f &if;
    ESD;jrKyfESHxm;onfh txnfcsKyf
    ukrPDaygif; 205 ck&Sdonf/ t
    ar&duefEkdifiHrSm ykdYukeftay:
    pD;yGm;a&;ydwfqkdYrI z,f&Sm;NyD;
    aemuf jynfwGif;pD;yGm;a&; vkyf
    ief;&Sifrsm;ESihf ynm&Sifrsm;u
    vkyfom;tajcjyK vkyfief;rsm;
    wkd;wufvmrnf[k oHk;oyfMu
    NyD; txnfcsKyfvkyfief;rsm;rSm
    t"d u arQmf v if h c suf jzpf v m
    onf/
    ]]atmf'g&wm rESpu
    f xuf
    pm&if 'DESpfrSm avsmhvmw,f/
    t"duawmh aps;uGufuvkdwJh
    t&nftaoG;ukd rDatmifrvkyf
    EkdifMuvkdYyg}} [k OD;jrifhpkd;u qdk
    onf/

    ,cifESpfu jynfwGif;t
    xnfcsKyf vkyfief;rsm;wGif *syef
    atmf'gonf 90 &mckid fEIe;f eD;yg;

    xd wdk;wufvmNyD; ukefypnf;
    rsm; wifydkYonfhtcg t&nft
    aoG;ydkif; jyemrsm;ESihf BuHKcJh
    &onf/
    ]]pD;yGm;a&;wnfNird zf u
    Ykd t
    a&;tBuD;qHk;u vlyJ/ pufrIzGHU
    NzdK;rI aqG;aEG;&mrSm vQyfppfwdkY
    a&wdkY vdktyfcsufxuf vlrIzGHU
    NzdK;a&;u ta&;BuD;w,f}} [k
    ygarmu a'gufwmwifatmif
    u vlrIb0zGHUNzdK;a&;zkd&rfwpfck
    wGif ajymMum;onf/
    txnf c sKyf v k y f i ef ; rsm;
    twGuf vkdtyfaom t&nft
    aoG;jrihf vkyfom;rsm; &&Sd&ef
    oifwef;ausmif;rsm;zGihf oif
    Mum;ay;aeaomfvnf; wpfOD;
    csif;t&nftaoG;rSm wdk;wuf
    vmrI enf;aeonf/ avmif;u
    pm;ESifh ta<u;rsm;aMumifh t
    xnfcsKyv
    f yk o
    f m;rsm;rSm vkyif ef;
    tay:tm;pdu
    k rf eI nf;vmaMumif;
    vkyfief;&Sifrsm;u qkdonf/

    BuD; vTwfawmftpnf;ta0;
    usHKaysmfrJqEe,f trSwf 1 rS

    vTwaf wmfu,
    kd pf m;vS,f OD;oef;
    xGe;f u wifoiG ;f cJjh cif;jzpfonf/

    uarmZbPfudp A[dkbPf0ifxdef;
    jynfodrf;
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 6
    yk*vdubPfrsm;ESifhywfouf
    aom tajctaet&yf&yfudk
    A[dkbPfESifh b@m^tcGef0ef
    BuD ; Xmewk d Y u vH k ; 0wm0ef , l
    aMumif; A[dkbPf 'kwd,Tef
    Mum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;0if;aomfu
    owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwGif ajym
    Mum;onf/
    ,ck&ufykdif;wGif aumvm
    [vowif;rsm;aMumifh uarmZ
    bPfwGif aiGxkwfrsm;NyD; tajc
    taeIyaf xG;rnfukd pk;d &dro
    f jzifh
    atmufwkdbm 6 &ufwGif bPf
    rsm;toif;wGif owif;pm&Sif;
    vif;yGJjyKvkyfNyD; yk*vdubPf
    rsm;ESifhywfouf tajctae
    udk&Sif;vif;jcif;jzpfonf/
    ]]bPfwpfck pzGihfuwnf;
    u ppfaq;w,f/ ckdifrmrI? aiG
    jzLjzpfrI 'gawGudkppfaq;NyD;rS
    cGijfh yKwm}}[k txufygyk*Kd vu
    f
    qkdonf/
    yk*vdu bPfwpfckonf
    aeYpOf vkyfief;pOftajctae
    tm;vHk;udk pepfwus A[dkbPf
    odkY ay;ydkY&onf/ 2003 ckESpf
    yk*vdubPfNydKvJrIaemufykdif;
    rS p A[db
    k Pfu yk*v
    u
    d bPf
    rsm;udk Force Backing ay;xm;
    aMumif; uarmZbPf 'kwd,
    Ou|-2 OD;oef;vGiu
    f ajymMum;
    onf/
    ]]aumvm[vu ae&m
    wkdif;rSm&Sdw,f/ aumvm[v
    ay:rSm vufcHw,f? vufrcH
    bl;qkdwm (Trust) ,HkMunfrIeJY
    qkdifw,f}} [k ygarmua'guf
    wmatmifxeG ;f oufuqko
    d nf/
    ,if;aumvm[vrsm;udk
    avsmhenf;oGm;&ef jynfolvlxk
    u r,HMk unf&efjyKvyk rf rI mS t&m
    &myGifhvif;jrifomrIu ta&;
    BuD;aMumif;? wkdif;jynf\ pD;yGm;
    a&;wGif bPfrsm;onf tajc
    usNy;D ta&;Bu;D onfhtcef;u@

    rsm;&Sdojzihf tcsdefESifhwpfajy;
    nD ajz&Sif;ay;oihfaMumif; if;
    utBuHjyKonf/
    bPfrsm;ESihfywfouf
    aumvm[vowif;rsm; xGuf
    ay:jcif;rSm EkdifiHzGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrI
    udk rvdkvm;olrsm;\ xkd;ESuf
    csufjzpfaMumif; OD;0if;aomfu
    ajymMum;onf/ vuf&dS uarmZ
    bPfonf jrefrmEkdifiHwGif
    bPfcGJtrsm;qHk;jzpfNyD; if;udk
    wkdufcdkufygu tjcm;bPfrsm;
    yg xdckdufEkdifojzifh ,ckvdkjyK
    vkyjf cif;jzpfaMumif; OD;0if;aomf
    uqkdonf/
    ,if;odYk aumvm[v rsm;
    xGufay:NyD;aemuf &efukefNrdKU
    wGif uarmZbPfrS aiGxkwf
    ,lrIrSm usyfukd;bDvD,H0ef;usif
    om&So
    d nf/ aiGxw
    k ,
    f o
    l t
    l rsm;
    pkrSmvnf; bPfwGif aiGaMu;
    tenf;i,fom tyfESHxm;ol
    rsm;jzpfaMumif; OD;oef;vGifu
    qkdonf/
    ,if;aMumifh aiGaMu;tyfEHS
    olrsm; pdwfcsrI&Sdap&ef usyfaiG
    odef; 50 txd tyfaiGtay:
    tmrcHpepf usifhoHk;aqmif&Guf
    oif h a Mumif ; ud k v nf ; OD ; oef ;
    vGifuqkdonf/
    bPf a umvm[vrsm;
    ESiyhf wfouf uGeyf sLwmynm
    &SifwpfOD;jzpfol OD;&Jjrwfolu
    if;\ azhpb
    f w
    G cf pf mrsuEf mS wGif
    ,ckuJhodkY oHk;oyfxm;onf/
    ]]t&iftm&S"ewdaY k cwfwek ;f
    uvdk rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;qkdwm
    tcsuftvufwcsKdU tajccHeJY
    pdwfxJrSm odaeygw,f/ wpf
    csdefwkef;u tJvdkjzpfapcsifvdkY
    vkyfcJhwmvdkY odaeygw,f/ tck
    uawmh xd e f ; Ek d i f w ,f q d k w m
    jyr,fvdkY xifwJhtwGuf tyfaiG
    orm;awGtwGufawmh pdwfryl
    rdygbl;/ pdwfylp&mtcsufwcsKdU
    awmh&ydS gw,f}} [k a&;om;xm;
    onf/

    tcsyfykd

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    za,mif;wkdifxGef; qEazmfxkwfoltcsKdUtm; w&m;pGJqkdrI wkdif;a'oBuD;0efBuD;rod[kqkd


    armifwm
    rEav;? atmufwkdbm - 7
    vGefcJhaomig;vcefYu rEav;
    NrKd UwGifvQypf pfr;D &&Sad &; za,mif;
    wkdifxGef;vrf;avQmufum Nidrf;
    csrf;pGmqEazmfxkwfcJholrsm;
    xJrS tcsKdUudk rEav;NrdKU csrf;
    at;ompH N rd K Ue,f trS w f ( 8)
    &Jpcef;u trIziG t
    fh a&;,laqmif
    &Guaf erIrsm;ESiyhf wfouf wkid ;f
    a'oBuD; vQyfppfESihfpufrI0ef
    BuD;u rod&Sd[k qkdonf/
    wkdif;a'oBuD; vQyfppfESihf
    pufrI0efBuD; a'gufwmjrifhMuL
    u ]]rD;xGef;wmeJYawmh ta&;

    r,lygbl;/ uRefawmf tmrcH


    xm;wm&Sdygw,f/ wjcm;tajc
    taeaMumif h j zpf y gvd r h f r ,f /
    uRefawmfrodygbl;/ uRefawmf
    ta&;r,lygbl;/ w&m;vnf;
    rpGJygbl;}}[k atmufwkdbm 7
    &ufuajymonf/
    2012 ckESpf arv 20? 21
    &ufu vQypf pfr;D &&Sad &;twGuf
    rEav;NrdKU&Sd wkdif;a'oBuD;vQyf
    ppf"mwf tm;jzefYjzL;a&;Hk;a&SU
    wGif axmif *Pef;&Sd rEav;NrKd UcH
    vlxrk mS za,mif;wkid x
    f eG ;f vrf;
    avQmufum Nird ;f csr;f pGmqEazmf
    xkwcf MJh ujcif;jzpfNy;D ,if;vltyk f

    twGif;rS acgif;aqmifjzpf[ef
    wloltcsKdUudk rEav;NrdKU csrf;
    at;ompHNrdKUe,f trSwf(8) &J
    pcef;u Nidrf;csrf;pGmpka0;cGifhESihf
    Nird ;f csr;f pGm pDwef;vSnv
    hf nfciG fh
    qkdif&m Oya'yk'fr-18 t& &J
    ta&;ykdifrIjzihf w&m;pGJqkdjcif;
    jzpfaMumif; ,aeY &Jpcef;odYk ac:
    ,lppfcsuf&,lcH&ol a':trm
    eDu qkdonf/
    ]]uRerf wku
    Yd kd NrKd Ue,f&rJ LS ;u
    arv 27 &uf a eY u wnf ; u
    trIziG w
    fh &m;pGq
    J x
    dk m;wm/ tck
    &Jpcef;rSm ppfcsurf &Sv
    d Ykd ppfcsuf
    ,lwm/ uRefrwdkYuawmh w&m;

    pGcJ &H rSe;f ckro


    S w
    d m}}[k a':trm
    eDuajymonf/
    za,mif ; wk d i f x G e f ; vrf ;
    avQmufpOfu du
    k u
    f ;l xm;aom
    "mwfyHkrsm;udkjyum ,if;"mwf
    yHkrsm;xJrS EkdifiHa&;? vlrIa&;e,f
    y,fwGif OD;aqmifvIyf&Sm;aeol
    rsm;ud k w&m;pG J q k d j cif ; jzpf N yD ;
    &JrSwfwrf;wGif vl 14 OD;\ t
    rnfudkpm&if;jyKpkxm;aMumif;?
    w&m;pGJqkdcH&olta&twGuf
    twdtusudkrl rod&aMumif;
    a':trmeDu ajymonf/
    tqkdygudpESifhywfouf
    trSwf(8) &Jpcef;rS 'k&Jtkyf

    opftacsmxnfpufHkvkyfom; 300 ausmf qEjy


    at;jrwfol
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-8
    ,ckv 8 &ufwGif &efukefNrdKU
    OD;0dpm&vrf;&Sd awmf0ifrdom;pk
    ukrPDodkY a&Tjynfom 0g;wpf
    &mrS awmf 0 if o pf a csmpuf H k
    vkyfom; 300 cefY tvkyf&SifxH
    awmif ;qd kc suf rsm; wifj y&ef
    cGifh jyKrdefYr,lbJ qExkwfazmf
    awmif;qkdrI jyKvkyfcJhonf/
    tvky&f iS x
    f H wifjyawmif;
    qdkrIwGif tvkyform;rsm;tae
    jzih f tvk y f c G i f t wG i f ; cG J j cm;
    qufqHrI rjyK&ef? pufHkwGif;
    &Sad om aqmufvyk af &;vkyo
    f m;
    rsm;ukdvnf; pufHkvkyfom;t
    jzpf owfrSwfay;&ef tygt0if
    tajccHaeYpm;? vpm;EIef;xm;
    rsm;uk d v nf ; wk d ; jr i f h a y;&ef
    awmif;qdkrIrsm;yg0ifaMumif;
    owif;&&Sdonf/
    ]]'D p uf k H x J r S m yJ v k y f w m
    10 ESp?f 12 ESp&f adS eNy/D tckcsed x
    f d
    vpmrwdk;bJ &Sdaeao;w,f/
    vkyfouf 14 ESpf? 15 ESpf&SdwJh
    vl a wG v nf ; usyf 20000?
    25000 yJ &ao;w,f}}[k atmf
    ya&wm ukda0rif;oufu ajym
    onf/
    xdkYtjyif pufHkwGif; vkyf
    ief;cGifqufpyfrI r&dSonfh t
    vkyfae&m ajymif;a&TUrIukd rjyK
    vky&f efEiS hf ,cifpmcsKyrf sm; csKyf
    qdkxm;aomfvnf; pufHkrS t
    jcm;tvkyfae&mrsm;okdY ajymif;
    a&TUvkyu
    f ikd af e&aMumif; tvkyf

    wif j yawmif ; cH v mrI t ay:


    cGihfjyKcsufray;Ekdifaomfvnf;
    Oya'aMumif ; t& Munf h r nf
    qk d v Qif w&m;pG J ta&;,l E k d i f
    cG i h f & S d a Mumif ; Oya'ynm&S i f
    wpfOD;uqkdonf/
    ,if;Oya'yk'fr-18 jzihf
    w&m;pGJqdkcH&vQif wpfESpfxuf
    rydkaomaxmif'PfESifh usyfoHk;
    aomif;xufrydkaom aiG'Pf
    (odrYk [kw)f 'PfEpS &f yfv;kH jzpfap
    csrSwfEkdifaMumif; Oya'ynm
    &Sifrsm;xHrS od&onf/
    vQyfppfrD;&&Sda&; Nidrf;csrf;
    pGm za,mif;wkdifxGef; qExkwf
    azmfrrI sm;udk &efuek ?f rEav;ESifh
    rHk&GmNrdKUrsm;wGif ,ckESpf arv
    twGif;u axmif*Pef;&Sd jynf
    olvx
    l u
    k jyKvyk cf MhJ uonf/

    rsufESmzkH;-EkdA,fNidrf;csrf;a&;qk cefYrSef;csufrsm;wGif
    orwOD;odef;pdefyg0if rS

    OD;0dpm&vrf;&Sd awmf0ifukrPDa&SUrS qEjypufHkvkyfom;rsm;

    orm;rsm;xHrS od&onf/
    ]]uRefawmfqkd pufydkif;rSm
    vkyfwJhol pufykdif;yJ uRrf;usif
    rSmaygh/ 'gayrJh olwdkYu a<u
    jym;wdkY bmwkdY uRefawmfvkyfae
    wJh tvkyfeJY ywfoufrIr&SdwJh
    tvkyfawGckdif;w,f}}[k udka0
    rif;oufu qufvuf ajym
    onf/
    pufrkH LS ; OD;Geo
    Yf ef;u ]]t
    vkyfyg;&if &SdwJhae&moGm;ckdif;
    w,f/ 'gayrJh olwdkYu roGm;
    bl;/ ayuyfaew,f/ tJ'Dawmh

    uReaf wmfwYkd tkycf sKy&f wm? ajym


    &wmcufcJw,f}}[k qkdonf/
    xkdYtjyif vkyfief;cGifwGif;
    cGJjcm;qufqHcH&rIESihf ywfouf
    awmf 0 if r d o m;pk u k r P D r S
    MD OD;uku
    d akd xG;u ]]rdom;pkrmS
    awmif vdrmwJholeJY rdkufwJhol
    b,folYukd OD;pm;ay;rvJ/ vkyf
    ief;ay: uRrf;usifrIt& cHpm;
    &wmjzpfr,f/ uReaf wmft
    h ae eJY
    bmomjcm;? vlrsdK;jcm;cGJjcm; wm
    r&Sdygbl;}}[kqkdonf/
    xkdawmf0ifopfacsmpufHk

    "mwfyHk - a*sarmifarmif(tr&yl&)

    0efxrff;wpfaxmifausmf &Sd
    onfhteuf tNrJwrf;0efxrf;
    wpf&mausmf&Sdum usef0efxrf;
    udk;&mausmfrSm aeYpm;0efxrf;
    tjzpf vkyu
    f idk v
    f su&f o
    dS nf/ ,ck
    awmif;qkx
    d m;onfh vkycf vpm
    wdk;jrifhay;&efESihf ywfouf
    t enf;qHk; tcaMu;aiG Oya'
    xGufvmygu jyefvnfjyifqif
    owfrw
    S af y;rnfjzpfaMumif; od
    &onf/ aeYpm;0efxrf;qkdaomf
    vnf; wpfywfvQifwpfcg vkyf
    tm;caiG &Sif;jcif;jzpfonf/

    armifawmNrdKUe,ftwGif; xkwfjyefxm;onfh nrxGuf&trdefY tcsdefxyfrHavQmh


    armifuH
    armifawm?
    atmufwkdbm - 9
    &ckid jf ynfe,fwiG f jzpfymG ;cJo
    h nfh
    t"dukPf;rsm;aMumifh ZGefv 8
    &ufu armifawmNrdKUe,fwGif

    tqif&h dS wm0efus&t
    J &m&Sw
    d pf
    OD;u ]]trIa[mif;yg/ 5 vykdif;?
    27 &ufaeYuwnf;u pGJxm;wJh
    trIudk ppfcsuf,lwmyg}}[kom
    jyefvnfajzqkdonf/
    ]]uRefawmfwdkYawmh bmrS
    rod a o;bl ; / 0ef B uD ; uawmh
    bmrSrvkyb
    f ;l qkNd y;D tmrcHxm;
    wmyJ/ qExw
    k af zmfraI wGjzpfNy;D
    arv 23&ufaeYuawmh uRef
    awmf? tck &Jpcef;ac:cH&wJhvl
    awGtjyif vltawmfrsm;rsm;udk
    SB H k ; ac:ppf c J h a o;w,f } }[k
    rEav;NrdKUrS pma&;q&mnDyk
    av;uajymonf/
    Oya'xGuf&SdNyD; enf;Oy
    a'rxGuf&Sdao;csdefwGif Nidrf;
    csrf ; pG m pk a 0;cG i f h E S i h f Nid r f ; csrf ;
    pGmpDwef; vSnfhvnfcGihftwGuf

    xkwfjyefxm;onfh yk'fr-144
    tm; ,aeY av;em&DxyfavQmh
    csvu
    kd af Mumif;owif;&&So
    d nf/
    qlyltMurf;zufrIrsm; jzpf
    yGm;pOfu nrxGuf&trdefYtm;

    nae 6 em&D r S eH e uf 6 em&D


    txdxkwfjyefcJhNyD; ESpfvtMum
    Mo*kwfvwGif n 7em&DrS eHeuf
    5 em&DtxdavQmch saMumif;aMu
    nmcJhonf/

    ,ck atmufwdkbm 8 &uf


    ,aeYwiG f ,if;nrxGu&f trdeYf
    tm; nae 10 em&DrS eHeuf 4
    em&Dtxdowfrw
    S u
    f mav;em&D
    xyfavQmhcsvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/

    or w OD ; od e f ; pd e f o nf
    rpwm[mADuif\ pm&if;wGif
    k & S m ;tcG i h f t a&;tk y f p k Memorial ES i h f ,if ; tzG J U wnf
    axmifol rpqAufvmem*ef;
    Ek&SfuDem? trSDtckduif; k&Sm;rD'D
    ,mtzGJU Echo of Moscow ESihf
    ,if;tzGUJ wnfaxmifol rpwm
    tvufpDADeD'pfawmhAfwkdYESihf
    twl y g0if v mjcif ; jzpf o nf /
    bmoma&;tm; vGrJ mS ;pGm toH;k
    jyKjcif;udk qefYusifol Ekdif*sD;&D;
    ,m;EkdifiHom;ESpfOD;vnf; tqkd
    yg pm&if;wGif yg0ifonf/
    [mhyfApfuif\ tqkdt&
    jrefrmEdkifiHorwOD;odef;pdefukd
    a&G;cs,fjcif;rSm tjiif;yGm;zG,f
    jzpfEkdifaomfvnf; EkdA,fqka&G;
    cs,af &;aumfrwDonf Nird ;f csr;f
    a&;qkrSm olawmfpifrsm;ukdom
    oD;oefaY y;aeonf r[kwo
    f nf
    uk d rMumcPouf a ojycJ h
    aMumif; uarm'D;,m;? qdkrmvD
    ,mESifh jrefrmuJhodkY &SnfMum
    aom y#dyursm;wGif tjyKo
    abmwkd; wufrIrsm; jrifawGU
    vm& jref rmEd k i f i H orwudk
    vnf; ay;Ekid af Mumif; rSwfcsufjyK
    xm;onfukd awGU&onf/ a':

    atmifqef;pkMunfonf EkdA,f
    Nidrf;csrf;a&;qkudk 1991wGif
    &&S d c J h & m OD ; od e f ; pd e f & &S d c J h y gu
    wpfEidk if x
    H rJ S EkAd ,fq&k olEpS Of ;D
    &SdonfhEkdifiHtjzpf jrefrmEkdifiH
    rSww
    f rf;wifEidk rf nfjzpfonf/
    ,ckEpS t
    f wGuf yxrOD;qH;k
    aMunmrnfh aq;ynmEkdA,f
    qktm; pawmh[krf;vfNrdKUwGif
    ,aeY pwifaMunmrnfjzpfNyD;
    Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;Ek d A ,f v f q k t m;
    atmufwkdbm 12 &uf jrefrm
    pHawmfcsdef nae4em&DcGJcefYwGif
    aMunmrnf j zpf a Mumif ; od &
    onf/
    orwOD;odef;pdeftm; w
    kwfEkdifiH taemufajrmufykdif;
    ,ef v if ; pk d u f y sd K ;a&;ES i h f opf
    awmwuodkvfrS ay;tyfonfh
    *k P f x l ; aqmif a'guf w mbG J U
    ud k puf w if b m 19 &uf u
    vufcH&&SdcJhonf/ xkdbGJUrwkdif
    cifuvnf; b,fvf*sD,Hwu
    odv
    k w
    f pfcrk S jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;
    vkyfief;rsm; wpfpdkufrwfrwf
    vkyfaqmifonfhtwGuf *kPf
    xl;aqmifa'gufwmbGJU csD;jrifh
    &ef urf;vSrf;jcif;cHcJh&onf/
    Ref: Prio & Bloomberg

    jyifqifzwfIyg&ef
    7Day News *sme,f twG-J 11 trSw(f 29) pmrsuE
    f mS (12)wGif azmfjy
    cJhaom ]zm;uefYajr rwnfNidrfrIu ausmufpdrf;aps;uGufxdckduf}
    owif;wGifyg&SdcJhonhf ]yGJkHwpfckwnf;wGifyif aeYpOfusyfodef;aygif;
    aomif;*Pef;xd}tpm; ]odef;aygif; &m*Pef;xd}[kvnf;aumif;?
    pmrsufESm(5)wGif azmfjycJhaom ]&ckdifjynfe,fta&; aqG;aEG;yGJ}
    owif;wGifyg&SdcJhonfh ]trsdK;om;zGHUNzdK;a&;ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;ygwDrS
    ajyma&;qdkcGifh&Sdol OD;omyGifh} tpm; ]OD;pvif;(ac:)OD;apmvGif} [k
    vnf;aumif;? twGJ-11 t rSwf(30) tcsyfydk(C)wGifyg&SdcJhaom
    ]&ckdifjynfe,fwGif IOC udk,f pm;vS,fHk;zGihfrnf}owif;acgif;pOf
    ]IOC} tpm; ]OIC} [k jyifqifzwfIyg&ef/
    (t,f'Dwm)

    tcsyfykd

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    yk*H,Ofaus;rIZkeftwGif; [dkw,fESifh taqmufttHkopf um;oGif;cGifhrl0g' owif;*,ufaMumifh


    um;aps;jyefus
    wnfaqmufjcif;udk a'ocH 200 ausmfuefYuGuf
    ,mOfrsm;rS ,cif usyo
    f ed ;f
    rdk;ndK
    box

    at;olpH
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-9
    yk*Ha&S;a[mif;,Ofaus;rI e,f
    ajrZkeftwGif; [dkw,fESihf t
    aqmufttHkopfrsm; xyfrH
    aqmufvyk af ejcif;tay:a'ocH
    ESpf&mausmfu uefYuGufonhf
    taejzihf EkdifiHawmforwxH
    pmwifoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif; yk*H
    a'ocHudak tmifa&Tuajymonf/
    ]]a&S;a[mif;Zkerf mS [dw
    k ,f
    awG taqmuftODopfawG
    awmuf a vsmuf x yf a qmuf
    vmw,f/ uRefawmfwdkY NrdKU
    opfbufudk ajymif;ay;vkduf
    wm pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGtwGuf
    r[kwb
    f ;l / 'gaMumifh ud,
    k ahf 'o
    ,Ofaus;rItarG tESpaf wG rqH;k
    HI;&atmif 'DtaqmuftODawG
    xyfaqmufvmwmudk orwqD

    pmwif&wmyg}}[k yk*H,Ofaus;
    rI xdef;odrf;a&;ESifh zGHUNzdK;a&;
    tzGUJ0if {nhfvrf;Tef udkatmif
    a&Tu ajymonf/
    ,if;odkY EkdifiHawmforw
    xH pmwifonfhudpt&yf&yfudk
    88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;rsm;
    tzGUu
    J ulnv
    D yk af qmifay;jcif;
    jzpfNyD; yk*H,Ofaus;rIZkeftwGif;
    usa&mufaeonhf yk*HNrdKUopf?
    jrif;uyg&GmESifh 0ufBuD;tif;&Gm
    wpf0dkuf a'ocHESpf&mausmfu
    vufrw
    S rf sm; pkaygif;a&;xd;k ay;
    MuaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/
    ,if;udpESifhywfoufNyD;
    ]]uRefawmfwdkYowfrSwfxm;wJh
    ZkefawGtwGif; ra&muf&if cGihf
    jyKygw,f/ owfrSwfZkefxJrSm
    awmh a&S;a[mif;tarGtESpf

    udk ysufpD;apwJh[mawG cGihfrjyK


    ygbl;/ uRefawmfwkdY0efBuD;u
    awmh a'ocHawGtwGuf tBuH
    jyKxm;wmawG &Sdygw,f/ a'
    ocHawGydkifwJh v,f,majrawG
    udk a'ocHawG vdkcsifwJhaps;t
    wdkif; ay;0,fNyD; oufqidk &f m
    XmerSm v^e 39 avQmufxm;&if
    aemufyikd ;f tIyt
    f &Si;f awG uif;
    Ekdifr,f/ a&&SnftwGuf 'grsKd;
    vkyfygvkdY tBuHjyKxm;ygw,f}}
    [k ,Ofaus;rI0efBu;D Xme 'kw,
    d
    0efBu;D OD;oef;aqGuajymonf/
    v,f,majrrsm;rSm a&mif;
    csciG rfh &Sb
    d J vTaJ jymif;cGiu
    fh v
    kd nf;
    oufqkdif&mXmewGif uif;vGwf
    cGifhtjzpf v^e 39 avQmuf
    xm;EkdifNyD; a'ocHESifh0,f,lol
    wdt
    Yk Mum; ajyvnfygu ,if;odYk

    vkyfaqmifoifhaMumif;? aemuf
    ydkif;wGif ydkifqkdifrIjyemrsm;
    tjiif;yGm;zG,f&m r&So
    d uho
    J Ykd
    a'ocHrsm;u ajymif; a&TUz,f&mS ;
    &rItay: ,ckuJhodkY pdwfylyefrI
    &Sdrnfr[kwfaMumif; od&onf/
    yk*Ha&S;a[mif;,Ofaus;rI
    ZkeftwGif; [dkw,f? taqmuf
    tODopfrsm; aqmufvkyfvdkyg
    u ,Ofaus;rI0efBuD;Xme a&S;
    a[mif;okawoeOD;pD;Xme\
    owfrSwfxm;aom pnf;rsOf;
    pnf;urf;rsm;twkdif; aqmuf
    vkyf&jcif;jzpfNyD; Oya'ESifhqefY
    usiaf om rnfonhaf qmufvyk f
    rIudkrS cGihfjyKrxm;cJhaMumif; t
    qkyd gXmerS tqifjh rift
    h &m&SBd u;D
    wpfOD;u 7 Day News odkY ajym
    Mum;onf/

    aemufykdif;wGif vQyfppf"mwftm;udk yk*vduukrPDrsm;tm; ukd,fwkdifxkwfa&mif;cGifhjyKrnf[kqdk


    odrhfodrfhpkd;? armifwm
    &efukef?
    atmufwkdbm - 6
    wpfEidk w
    f pfyidk f vQypf pf"mwftm;
    jzefjY zL;jcif;vkyif ef;rsm;tm; jynf
    wGif;vkyfief;&Sif 12OD;ESifh jynfy
    vkyif ef;&Sicf ek pfO;D wkEYd iS fh yl;aygif;
    vkyfukdif&ef cGihfjyKxm;aMumif;
    &efukefNrdKUawmf vQyfppf"mwf
    tm;ay;a&;tzGJUrS wm0ef&Sdol
    wpfOD;uajymonf/
    ]]tck avmavmq,f
    awmh "mwftm;udk 0,fNyD; jyef
    a&mif;wJhtqifhyJ vkyfukdifae
    ao;w,f/ aemufykdif;qkd&if
    awmh ukd,fykdifxkwfNyD; jyefjzefY
    jzL;&r,f/ ydkwJh"mwftm;udk Ekdif
    iHawmfudk jyefa&mif;&r,f}}[k
    &efukefNrdKUawmf vQyfppf"mwf
    tm;ay;a&;tzGUJ rS tif*sief ,
    D m
    csKyf OD;ndK0if;uajymonf/
    vwfwavmwGif Munfh
    jrifwkdifNrdKUe,f wpfckwnf;udk
    om Capital Development

    ukrPDu "mwftm; 0,f,ljzefY


    jzL;onfhpepfjzihf pwifaqmif
    &GufaeNyD; usefvkyfief;&Sifrsm;
    ESifhvkyfukdif&efrSm aqG;aEG;qJ
    tqihfom&Sdaeao;aMumif;od
    &onf/
    vTJajymif;vkyfukdifcGihfay;
    rnfhNrdKUe,frsm;rSm? awmifOu
    vmy? oCFef;uRef;? r&rf;ukef;?
    yef;bJwef;? wmarG? vdIifom
    ,m? A[ef;? prf;acsmif;? ajrmuf
    Ou v my? vd I i f ? r*F v m'H k ?
    ajrmuf'*Hk? ajrmufOuvmy?
    a&TaygufuH ponfNrdKUe,frsm;
    jzpfonf/
    ]]olwkdYudk vTJNyD;oGm;&if
    awmh rDwmBudK;vJwm? rD;vm
    wm rvmwmutp olwkdYeJYyJ
    qkdifawmhr,f/ rDwmcudkawmh
    vuf & S d E I e f ; xm;awG t wk d i f ; yJ
    aumufco
    H mG ;zkYd pDpOfxm;w,f/
    avmavmq,fawmh MEPE eJY
    YESB wkdYqDu 0,fNyD;awmh jyef
    jzefw
    Y t
    hJ qifyh &J adS o;w,f/ vkyf

    ief;&SifawGtaeeJY Unit Lose


    awG enf;oxufenf;atmif
    vkyfzkdYvdkw,f/ Unit Lose udk
    &if;ESD;jrKyfESHEkdifrS jrefjreftjrwf
    &r,f/ ppcsi;f awmh H;I Ekid w
    f ,f}}
    [k OD;ndK0if;uajymonf/
    jynf y rS 0if a &muf v m
    aom ukrP
    rD sm;taejzihv
    f nf;
    jynfwiG ;f &Sad eaom "mwftm;
    cGJHkrsm;wGif yl;aygif; "mwf
    tm;xkwfvkyfonfhtydkif;wGif
    vkyfukdifaeNyDjzpfonf/ oD;oefY
    xkwv
    f yk jf zefjY zL;onfh tqifv
    h yk f
    ukdifjcif; r&Sdao;aMumif;od&
    onf/
    tvm;wl rEav;wkdif;a'
    oBuD;wGifvnf; yk*vduukr
    PDjzpfonfh Pacific Electronic
    udk csrf;jrompnfNrdKUe,fESifh
    r[matmif j rNrd K Ue,f r sm;
    "mwftm;jzefYjzL;jcif;vkyfief;udk
    Mo*kwfvrSpwifvTJajymif;vkyf
    uk d i f c G i h f a y;xm;aMumif ; od &
    onf/ xkdYtjyif atmifajrompH

    NrdKUe,fwGifvnf; jrefrmhaygif;
    pnf;pGr;f tm;ukrP
    u
    D kd vkyu
    f idk f
    cGifhay;xm;aomfvnf; vkyfief;
    pwifEkdifjcif; r&Sdao;aMumif;
    rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD; vQyfppf
    ESiphf ufr0I efBu;D Xme0efBu;D a'guf
    wmjrihfMuLu ajymMum;onf/
    xkdYaMumifh EkdifiHawmfbwf
    *suf xyfrHpdkufxkwf vQyfppf
    "mwfBudK;rsm; topfvJvS,f
    wyfqifjcif;? x&efpazmfrmrsm;
    wkd;csJUwyfqifjcif;rsm; rjyKvkyf
    Ekdifojzifh vQyfppf"mwftm;
    tjynft
    h 0oH;k pGcJ iG rhf &bJjzpfae
    &m tm;vHk; tqifajyap&eft
    wGuf ,ckuo
    hJ Ykd yk*v
    u
    d vkyu
    f idk f
    cGihfjyK&jcif;jzpfaMumif; vQyfppf
    pGr;f tm;0efBu;D Xme rEav;wkid ;f
    a'oBuD; vQyfppf"mwftm;jzefY
    jzL;a&;vkyfief;rS wkdif;vQyfppf
    tif*sifeD,mrSL; a':at;at;
    rif;uajymonf/

    qyfAfuGefx&ufwmtcsdKU at;&Sm;a0gvfudk aiG&vkdrIESifh w&m;pGJzG,f&Sd


    jynfodrf;
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-9
    vkyfief;NyD;pD;cJhaomfvnf; aiG
    taMu jyefvnfray;acsonfh
    twGuf wpfqifhcHvkyfief;vkyf
    udkifol (Sub-contractor)rsm;
    u at;&Sm;a0gvfukrPDukd w
    &m;pGJqkd&ef&SdaMumif; OD;atmif
    rsKd ;&Sed Ef iS fh 10 OD;tzGUJ u City Star
    [dkw,fwGif owif;pm&Sif;vif;
    yGJjyKvkyfNyD; ajymMum;onf/
    at;&S m ;a0gvf u k r P D r S
    wpfqifhcHvkyfol (Sub-contractor) rsm;onf aejynfawmf

    ykAoD&dukwif 300 qHhESihf rHk&Gm


    ukwif 300 qHah q;H?k awmifnKd ?
    uif;wm ponfNrKd Ue,frsm;rS pm
    oifausmif;rsm;? 0efBuD;tdrf&m
    rsm; aqmufvkyf&mwGif ukrPD
    ESihf vufwGJvkyfudkifcJhonf/
    ,if;pDrHudef;rsm;wGif vkyfief;
    rsm; owfrSwfcsdeftwdkif; NyD;pD;cJh
    aomfvnf; vkyif ef;twGuf ay;
    acs&rnfhaiGudk wpfESpfESifhckepf
    vMumonftxd tNyD;ay;acs
    rIr&SdaMumif; OD;atmifrsdK;&Sdef
    uajymonf/

    ]]tvkyo
    f rm;H;k rSmawmh 'D
    udp&Sif;NyD;NyD/ pmvnf;xGufNyD;
    om;yJ/ 'Dtwkdif;yJ}}[k wpfESpf
    twGif;ay;&ef pDpOfaqmif&Guf
    oGm;rnf[k xkwfjyefaMunm
    xm;onfh at;&Sm;a0gvfurk P
    D
    rS taxGaxGrefae*sm OD;vSjrifh
    u ajymMum;onf/
    ]]pmcsKyx
    f rJ mS u vkyif ef;Ny;D
    &if wpfvcGJtwGif; aiGudk t
    aMuacs&rSm/ tckvdkusawmh
    ay;&r,fhypn;f ta<u;awGa&m?
    vkyftm;cawGa&m tcufjzpfcJh

    &w,f}}[k tqdkyg 10 OD;tzGJU


    wGiyf g0ifaom OD;PfxeG ;f vif;
    uqkdonf/
    at;&S m ;a0gvf u k r P D r S
    wpfqifhcHvkyfol 10 OD;ukday;
    &ef usef&SdaeaomaiGrSm usyf
    oef;aygif; 1116 'or 01
    oef;&Sdonf/ vkyfief;wefzdk;
    pkpkaygif;rSm usyfoef;aygif;
    3179 'or 41 oef;jzpfNyD;
    , ckESpf Mo*kwfxday;NyD; aiGrSm
    usyfoef;aygif; 2063 'or 4
    oef; jzpfonf/

    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-8
    tmqD,Hum;rsm; wifoGif;rnf
    qkdaom owif;*,ufaMumifh
    jynfwGif;aps;uGuf um;aps;
    EI e f ; rsm; jyef v nf u sqif ; ae
    onf[k um;yGJpm;rsm;u ajym
    onf/
    tmqD,EH idk if t
    H csKd UrS ,mOf
    rsm;tm; taumufcGefEIef; 5
    &mckdifEIef;om avQmhcsaumufcH
    NyD; wifoGif;cGifh jyKrnfqkdaom
    owif;ESifh ,ckvtwGif; um;
    wifoabFmrsm; ydrk q
    kd u
    dk u
    f yfvm
    jcif;uvnf; jynfwGif;um;aps;
    EIef; usqif;vmjcif;udk jzpfay:
    apcJhonf[k [Hom0wD,mOf
    a&mif;0,fa&;pcef;rS um;0,f
    a&mif;wpfOD;uajymonf/
    ]]tmqD,Hu um;awGudk
    tcGeaf vQmNh y;D aumufr,fq&dk if
    aps;uvnf; acgufcsdK;eJY oGif;
    vmEkdifw,f}}[k txufyg0,f
    a&mif;uajymonf/
    odaYk omf vuf&w
    dS iG f tmqD
    ,HrS wifoGif;vmonfh um;t
    rsm;pkrSm vlBudKufenf;NyD; aps;
    uGuaf 0pk r&&Sjd cif;ESit
    fh wl wif
    oGif;rI enf;yg;vsuf&Sdonf/
    tmqD,u
    H m;*,ufaMumifh
    ygrpfrvdkbJ wifoGif;cGifh&Sdxm;
    onfh AD Van ? Point-3 ? Pro-

    150 rS ,ck usyo


    f ed ;f 130 rS 120
    txd aps;EIef;rsm; jyefvnfus
    qif;vmcJhonf/ ygrpfESihf wpf
    ygwnf ; wif o G i f ; cG i f h & S d x m;
    onfhtay: um;tcsdKUrSmvnf;
    atmuf u m;tcsd K U\ aps;us
    qif;rIEiS t
    fh wl jyefvnfusqif;
    vmcJhonf/
    armfawmf,mOfwifoGif;
    cGihf pvpfaps;rsm;rSmrl aps;EIef;
    BuD;jrihfNyD; pvpf&Sm;yg;rIESihf BuHK
    awGUae&onf/ ]]tckqkd pvpf
    aps;urmNyD ; yp n f ; &S m ;oG m ;
    w,f}}[k um;yGJpm;wpfOD;uqdk
    onf/ atmufwkdbmv yxr
    ywftxd pvpfwpfapmifvQif
    usyf 85 odef;rS 86 odef;txd
    um;ta&mif;jycef;tcsdKUrS aps;
    aumif ; ay;NyD ; 0,f , l v suf & S d
    onf[k txufyg yGJpm;uyif
    ajymonf/
    ,mOftkd,mOfa[mif; tyf
    ESHrItpDtpOft& ,ck ]A}tu
    &mud k vuf c H v suf & S d N yD ; quf
    vuf ,ckvtwGif; ]b}tu
    &muk d vuf c H z G , f & S d a Mumif ;
    ]b} tu&m pwifvufcHygu
    p vpfaps;EIef;rSm xyfrH jrifh
    wufoGm;EkdifaMumif; ]b}tu
    &m,mOf y k d i f & S i f w pf O D ; uajym
    onf/

    xkdif;tajcpdkuf p&dwfenf;avaMumif;vdkif;
    csif;rdkifESifh jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd NrdKUBuD;tcsdKUodkY
    ysHoef;&efpDpOf
    atmifol&
    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-9
    xdkif;EkdifiHtajcpkduf p&dwfenf;
    avaMumif;vkid ;f wpfcjk zpfaom
    Nok Air avaMumif;vkdif;u
    xkdif;EkdifiH csif;rdkifNrdKUESihf jrefrm
    EkdifiH t"duNrdKUBuD;rsm;jzpfaom
    &efukef? rEav;ESihf yk*HNrdKUrsm;
    odkY csdwfqufysHoef;&ef pDpOf
    aeaMumif ; atmuf w k d b m 9
    &uf x k w f bef a umuf y d k Y p f o
    wif;pmwGif azmfjyxm;onf/
    ]]vmr,fEh pS f tapmykid ;f rSm
    jzpfygvdrfhr,f}}[k tqkdygav
    aMumif ; vk d i f ; 'k w d , Ou | u
    ajymaMumif; owif;pmu a&;
    om;xm;onf/
    tqkdyg avaMumif;vdkif;
    taejzih f xk d N rd K UoH k ; Nrd K Utjyif
    armf vNrdKifNrdKUodkY ysHoef;&efvm
    a&muf pHkprf;rIrsm; &SdcJhaMumif;
    avaMumif;xdef;odrf;a&; 'kwd
    ,TefMum;a&;rSL;csKyf OD;0if;
    aqGxGef;uajymonf/

    ]]ESpfEkdifiHMum;rSm csKyfqdk
    xm;wJh oabmwlnDrIt& av
    aMumif;OD;pD;Xmeukd w&m;0if
    wifjywmawGawmh rvkyfao;
    ygbl;}}[k OD;0if;aqGxeG ;f uajym
    onf/
    vuf&Sd xkdif;EkdifiH csif;rdkif
    NrdKUESihf &efukefNrdKUodkY Air Bagan
    avaMumif;vdik ;f u ajy;qGv
    J suf
    &SdNyD; 2009 ckESpfrwdkifcifu Air
    Mandalay avaMumif;vkdif;u
    csif;rdkifNrdKUrS rEav;NrdKUodkY ysH
    oef;ay;cJhonf/
    OD;odef;pdef OD;aqmifaom
    tpd k ; &tzG J U vuf x uf w G i f
    jrefrmEkdifiHodkY EkdifiHjcm;om; 0if
    a&mufrI jrifhwufcJhum ,ckESpf
    wGif umwmavaMumif;vkdif;?
    udk&D;,m;avaMumif;vkdif;ESihf
    pif u myl a vaMumif ; vk d i f ; wd k Y
    ysH o ef ; aeNyD ; aemuf x yf a v
    aMumif;vkdif; av;vkdif;cefYrSm
    vnf;rMumcif yso
    H ef;awmhrnf
    jzpfonf/

    tcsyfykd

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    pm-10? t&Sdefrukefao;wJh a&ay:qD n&yfuGufrsm; rS


    odrYk [kwyf guvnf; Eku
    d u
    f vyf
    rsm;wGif cefYtyfxm;aom vHkNcHK
    a&;0efxrf;rsm;uom olYenf;
    olY[efjzihf ajz&Sif;vdkufMuonf
    ursm;onf[k od&onf/
    ]]EkdufuvyfawGu olwdkY
    vHkNcHKa&;awG&Sdw,f/ jyem
    wpfpHkwpf&mjzpfvmrS &JqDudk
    a&mufvmwwfw,f}} [k &ef
    ukew
    f idk ;f a'oBuD; &JwyfzUJG rSL;H;k
    rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;uqkdonf/
    atmufwdkbmv 6 &uf
    eHeuf 2 em&DcGJcefYu urmat;
    bk&m;vrf;ay:&Sd yvufazmif;
    ay:&Sd "mwfwidk w
    f pfwidk af tmuf
    wGif wefzkd;BuD;rm;onfh teD&J
    &J NydKifum;wpfpD; a&muf&Sdae
    onf/ NyKd iu
    f m;teDay:wGif"mwf
    wkid u
    f tv,fwnfw
    h nfrh S ydus
    aejcif;jzpfNy;D um;wpfp;D vH;k aMu
    rGaeonfhjrifuGif;u ,if;NydKif
    um;i,f\ t&Sdefjyif;xefpGm
    armif;ESifvmrIudk ay:vGifae
    aponf/
    xkt
    d csed rf mS yif NyKd iu
    f m;ESpf
    pD;cefY a&mufvmum wpfOD;u
    ,mOfxdef;&Jt&m&SdxH avQmuf
    oGm; wpfpHkwpfckudk wD;wkd;
    ajymqkdvdkufNyD; um;wpfpD;ay:
    jyef w uf o G m ;onf u d k awG U &
    onf/ um;eHygwfjym;ay:wGif
    t*Fvyd pf mwef;rsm; a&;jcpfxm;
    aom NydKifum;wpfpD;uvnf;
    tajctaeudk acwar;jref;NyD;
    aemuf vDAmudk tpGrf;ukefeif;
    um t&Sdefjyif;pGmarmif;xGuf
    oGm;onf/
    vkdif;um;rsm;tm; Hk;wuf
    Hk;qif;csdefwGif &yfwefYckdif;um
    ,mOfarmif;udk rMumcP ppf
    aq;avh&w
    dS wfonfh urmat;
    bk&m;vrf;ay:rS ,mOfxdef;&J
    wyfzGJU0ifESpfOD;uawmh bmrSwf
    csufrS rcsEkdifavmufatmif
    tvk y f r sm;aecJ h M uNyD ; armif ;
    xGufoGm;onfh NydKifum;eHygwf
    jym;ay:rS pdwful;ay:&m a&;
    jcpfxm;onfhpmwef;rsm;udk *k
    jyKrdMuyHkr&ay/
    tqkdyg,mOfwkdufrIonf
    NyD;cJhonfh atmufwkdbm 3 &uf
    eHeuf oef;acgifausmf0ef;usif
    u &efyGJwpfyGJ vwfwavm jzpf
    yGm;cJhonfh tif;vsm;vdwf [dk
    w,ftwGif;rS 'Da*sbm;? *sDwD
    tm&f E k d u f u vyf r sm;ES i h f reD ;
    ra0;rSmyifjzpfymG ;jcif;jzpfonf/
    ,Ofaus;rINrdKUawmftjzpf
    owfrw
    S cf x
    H m;&Ny;D jrefrmbk&ifrsm;
    aemufqHk; eef;pkdufcJhonhf NrdKU
    jzpfonfh rEav;NrdKUwGifvnf;
    emrnfBuD;&efyGJwpfckaMumif h
    2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv
    twGif; emrnfBuD;tqifhjrifh
    uvyfESpfckudk ydwfyifcJhrIrsm;&Sd
    cJhaMumif; a'ocHrsm;u ajym
    onf/

    if ; tjyif Nyd K if u m;rsm;
    ,SOfNydKifarmif;ESifrIrsm;vnf; &Sd
    cJah Mumif;? rEav;usKH ;ywfvnf

    wpfavQmuf? rEav;awmifajc
    vrf;wpfavQmufESihf jyifOD;vGif
    odkYoGm;onfh vrf;wpfavQmuf
    wGif vGefcJhonfh wpfESpfausmf
    u NyKd iu
    f m;ajcmufp;D ? ckepfp;D cefY
    tNydKifarmif;ESifavh&SdaMumif;?
    2012 ckESpfa&mufrS rEav;
    wGif NydKifum;rsm; tNydKifarmif;
    ESifrI rawGUrdawmhaMumif; if;
    u ajymonf/

    tif ; vsm;vd w f [ d k w ,f
    0if;twGif;&Sd 'Da*sbm;uvyf
    wGif cdkeDtokdif;t0kdif;rS em
    rnfausmfolaX;BuD;wpfOD;ESihf
    eD;pyfolwpfOD;u uvyfodkY vm
    a&mufolrsm; &yfaeonfhae&m
    twGi;f okYd um;jzihf t&Sed jf yif;pGm
    0ifa&mufwkdufcdkufcJhonf[k
    qdkaom 'Pf&m&&SdolrS w&m;
    vdkjyKvkyf trIzGihfcJhjcif; jzpf
    aMumif; &JwyfzGJU xkwfjyefcsuf
    t& od&onf/
    jzpfymG ;cJo
    h nfh um,uH&iS f
    rsm;rSm 'Da*sbm;odkY vma&muf
    Muonfh vli,ftcsif;csif;jzpf
    NyD; uvyftwGif; pum;rsm;cJh
    &mrS vHkNcHKa&; 0efxrf;rsm;u
    aZmfaZmf(c)aZmfpkd;0if; (xl;x
    a&;'if ; uk r P D 0 ef x rf ; ) ud k
    tjyifodkY ac:xkwfoGm;cJhonf/
    aZmfaZmfonf olESihf tcsif;rsm;
    onfh tmumjynfhaZmf\ [Gef
    'gabhpf,mOfudk if;\ vihfcl
    Zm,mOfjzihf aemufrS0ifwkdufcJh
    onf/ xdkYtjyif vltrsm; &yfae
    onfhae&modkY xyfrH0ifwkduf&m
    tjcm;olrsm;u a&Smifwdrf;EkdifcJh
    aomf v nf ; aq;wu o d k v f
    aemufqHk;ESpf ausmif;om;wpf
    OD;jzpfol armifa0atmifrSm r
    vGwfajrmufcJhay/

    xkdokdY vihfclZmjzihf t
    wd k u f c H & rI a Mumif h armif a 0
    atmifrSm nmbufnyfkd;usKd;?
    nmaemufaphuGJ? ESmacgif;ESihf
    tay:EI w f c rf ; uG J ' Pf & mrsm;
    &&SdcJhum &efukefaq;HkBuD;wGif
    twGif;vlemtjzpf ukorIcH,l
    cJ h & NyD ; aZmf a Zmf t m; trI z G i h f
    xm;jcif;jzpfonf/
    ]]tJ ' D u d p u d k ajymvd k Y r &
    bl ; / b,f o l a r;ar; rajym&
    bl;vdkY uRefawmfwkdYudk rSmxm;
    w,f}} [k 'Da*sbm;rS vHkNcHKa&;
    0efxrf;wpfOD;uajymonf/
    od k Y a omf 'Pf & m&ol r S m
    88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;acgif;
    aqmif udkaX;<u,fESihf vSnf;
    ul;NrdKUe,f jynfolYvTwfawmf
    ukd,fpm;vS,f OD;NzdK;rif;odef;
    wkdYESihf wlawmfpyfolwpfOD; jzpf
    aomaMumifh tqkdygowif;rSm
    vlrIuGef&uf tGefvkdif;pmrsuf
    ESmay: ysHUESHYoGm;cJhonf/
    ]]ukd,fhrSm ykdufqH&Sdw,f?
    bm&Sdw,fqkdwJhyHkpHrsKd; rjzpfap
    csifbl;/ NyD;awmh 'DvdkEkdifiHrSm
    vkycf sio
    f vdk vkyv
    f &Ykd w,fqw
    dk hJ
    yHpk rH sK;d awGvnf; r&Sad pcsiyf gbl;}}
    [k 88 rsKd ; quf a usmif ; om;

    acgif;aqmifwpfOD;jzpfonfh udk
    aX;<u,fuajymonf/
    ]]vli,fcsif; xdckdufrdwm
    uae jzpfoGm;wJhoabmygyJ/
    udkaX;<u,f? udkNzdK;rif;odef;wkdYeJY
    wljzpfaewmyJ&Sdygw,f/ 'Pf
    &m&wJh aumifav;&JU taru
    c&D;xGuaf eawmh jyefa&mufvm
    &if trIudk ausat;zkdY&Sdygw,f/
    'Pf&muvnf; pdk;&drfp&mr&Sd
    awmhbl;vdkY uRefawmfwkdYodxm;
    ygw,f}} [k aZmfaZmfESihf eD;pyf
    olwpfOD;uajymonf/
    jrefrmEkid if w
    H iG f Eku
    d u
    f vyf
    ,Ofaus;rIudk 1995 ckESpf0ef;
    usicf efrY S tpysK;d cJjh cif;jzpfonf/
    tqk d y g ,Of a us;rI r S m 2002
    aemufyidk ;f wpfavQmuf yDjyifpmG
    tjrpfwG,fvmcJhNyD; 2012 ckESpf
    ta&mufwGif &efukefwpfNrdKU
    wnf; Ekdufuvyfaygif; 20 eD;
    yg;&SdvmaecJhNyDjzpfonf/

    tqdkyg Ekdufuvyfrsm;
    wGif vli,frsm;\ wpfnpmoHk;
    jzKef;Muonfh aiGaMu;yrmP
    rsm;? wefzkd;BuD;armfawmf,mOf
    rsm;? rvHkYwvHkt0wftpm;rsm;
    udkMunfh qHk;jzwfrnfqdkygu
    jrefrmEkdifiHonf urmhtqif;&J
    qH;k Ekid if rH sm;xJrSwpfcjk zpfaMumif;
    rnfolrQ ,HkEkdifzG,fr&Sd ay/
    Eku
    d u
    f vyfrsm;wGif tywf
    pOf aomMum? paeaeY r sm;
    um;yguifae&mvGwf r&Sdawmh
    onftxd vlpnfum;avh&SdNyD;
    tqkdygaeYrsm;wGif uvyfwpfck
    vQif vlaygif;&mESihfcsDa&muf&Sd
    vmavh&adS Mumif; Eku
    d u
    f vyfvkH
    NcHKa&; 0efxrf;wpfOD;u ajym
    onf/
    &efuek Nf rKd UwGif tMurf;zsi;f
    tm;jzihf odrfBuD;aps;? r*Fvm
    aps;wdkYwGif zGihfvSpfxm;onfh
    aps;EI e f ; ouf o mpG m jzih f 0if
    a&mufEkdifonfhuvyfrsm;? aps;
    EIe;f toift
    h wif&h adS om tv,f
    tvwfwef;pm;uvyfrsm;? [dk
    w,frsm;ESihfwGJvsuf zGihfvSpf
    xm;onfh uvyfrsm;[l oHk;
    rsKd;oHk;pm;&Sdonf[kod&onf/
    jyemjzpfyGm;rI trsm;qHk;rSm
    atmufuvyf[k ac:a0:Mu
    aom aps;EI e f ; ouf o monf h
    uvyfrsm;yifjzpfaMumif; Ekduf
    uvyf t ok d i f ; t0k d i f ; u qk d
    onf/
    ]]tjrif h u vyf a wG r S m u
    odyfrjzpf&JMubl;/ tjrifhaumif
    awG tcsif ; csif ; yJ j zpf M uwm/
    ol w d k Y j zpf & if v nf ; tjyif u
    vlawGu 0ifrqGJ&Jbl;/ vHkNcHK
    a&;awGawmifrS 0ifrqGJ&Jbl;/
    tokdif;t0kdif; wpfckwnf;u
    vlawG &efjzpf&if b,folrS r
    qGJ&Jbl;}} [k Ekdufuvyfrsm;wGif
    ESpftawmfMum usifvnfcJhol
    wpfOD;uajymonf/
    Nyd K if u m;,S O f a rmif ; jcif ;
    rsm;? &efyGJrsm;tjyif Ekdufuvyf
    rsm;ESiq
    fh ufE,
    T af eonfh aemuf

    xyf t aMumif ; t&mwpf c k u


    awmh t&ufESihf rl;,pfaq;0g;
    yifjzpfonf/ t&ufykvif;wpf
    vHk;udk tzHk;zGifhvdkufonfESihf
    tenf;qH;k ckepfaomif;usyaf y;
    aqmif&onfh Ekdufuvyfrsm;
    wGif aiGay;Ekid o
    f avmuf t&uf
    ykvif;tzHk;rsKd;pHkudk zGifhEkdifrnf
    jzpfonf/
    Eku
    d u
    f vyfrsm;wGif aiGay;
    Ekid o
    f avmuf t&ufyv
    k if;tzH;k
    rsK;d pHu
    k kd zGiEfh idk rf nfjzpfaomfvnf;
    rl ; ,pf a q;0g;oH k ; pG J r I E S i h f y wf
    ouf oHk;pGJjcif;udkawGU&SdvQif
    oufqkdif&modkY taMumif;Mum;
    rnf[v
    k nf; eH&w
    H iG f pmuyfxm;
    &onfhtajctaersm;vnf;&Sad e
    cJhonf/
    od k Y a omf rD ; a&mif p H k M um;
    wGif em&Daygif;rsm;pGm pnf;csuf
    usus rarmEkdifryef;Ekdif uckef
    aeMuonfh vli,frsm;xJwGif
    rl;,pfaq;0g;oHk;pGJxm;onfh
    vli,frsm; ryg0ifaMumif; wyf
    tyfajymqkd&ef cufcJonf[k
    touf 27ESpt
    f &G,f trsK;d om;
    wpfOD;uajymonf/
    ]]aq;jym;awG u wpf n
    vHk; rtdyfbJeJY rpm;bJeJY uEkdif
    w,f? ckefEkdifw,f? qdkEkdifw,f?
    pdwfudk<uapw,f? &efvdkcsifwhJ
    qEawGjyif;jyvmw,f/ rdef;u
    av;awG pd w f w uf < uvm&if
    ydkIyfukefr,f}} [k jrefrmEkdifiH
    rl;,pfaq;0g;qefYusifa&; t
    oif;(MANA)rS wGJzuftwGif;
    a&;rSL; OD;jrifhckdifuajymonf/
    oef;acgifausmf rD;a&mifpHk
    atmufwGif rl;,pfaysmfyg;ae
    aom trsKd ; om;rsm;twG u f
    jynfhwefqmaps;uGufuvnf;
    Ekdufuvyftawmfrsm;rsm;rSm
    wGifus,fvsuf&SdNyD; tcsKdU&efyGJ
    rsm;twGuf &if;jrpfwpfcjk zpfae
    wwfonf[kod&onf/
    &efyGJwpfyGJjzpfyGm;onfESifh
    ud,
    k cf yH nmwwfuRr;f xm; aom
    vHNk cKH a&;rsm;u tjrefq;kH a&muf
    &SdvmrnfjzpfNyD; jyemrBuD;
    xGm;&ef xdef;odrf;Murnfjzpf
    onf/ vGefuJpGm rl;,pf&rf;um;
    aeoludk uvyftjyifbufodkY
    qGJxkwfoGm;avh&SdNyD; uvyft
    wGif; jyemrjzpfyGm;ap&ef
    t"d u aqmif & G u f M uaMumif ;
    Ekdufuvyf vHkNcHKa&;wpfOD;u
    ajymjyonf/
    tjrifu
    h vyfrsm;wGifjy
    emrSm tcsdefcPtwGif; NyD;qHk;
    oGm;wwfaomfvnf; aps;rsm;
    wGif zGihfvSpfxm;onfh 0ifaMu;
    ouf o monf h uvyf r sm;rS m
    awmh jyemu rarQmfvihfbJ
    BuD;rm;oGm;wwfaMumif;od&
    onf/
    ]]tJ'DhuvyfawGrSm jy
    emwufNyD; &efjzpf&if vHkNcHKa&;
    awGu orw,f/ tjyifudk qGJ
    xkwfcH&&if tjyifrSm&SdwJh vl
    ac: yG J p m;awG u orw,f /
    wupDorm;awGu orw,f/
    &ef y G J w pf y G J j zpf & if qG r f ; BuD ;

    pm-3? jrefrmEdkifiH wpfzufzufeD;pyfoGm;rSmudk


    wkwfESifh tar&duefpdk;&drfp&mr&Sd[k
    a':atmifqef;pkMunf ajymMum; rS
    odkYaomf jrefrmjynfolrsm;taejzihf vuf&Sdtajctae
    wGif wkwfEkdifiHrS pDrHudef;rsm;aMumihf obm0ywf0ef;usif
    qkdif&m jyemrsm;? vlYtcGihfta&;csdK;azmufonfh jyem
    rsm;jzifh &ifqdkifae&NyD; BuD;rm;aom pDrHudef;rsm;jzpfonfh
    ausmufjzLa&eufqdyfurf;pDrHudef;? vufyefawmif;awmif
    aMu;eDwl;azmfa&;pDru
    H ed ;f ? jrpfqq
    kH nfwnfaqmufa&; pDru
    H ed ;f
    wdkYwGif wkwfukrPDrsm;udk jyif;xefaom uefYuGufrIrsm;udk
    jyKvkyfaeonfhtcsdefvnf;jzpfonf/
    EkdifiHawmforwOD;odef;pdefonf ukvor*taxGaxG
    nDvmcHwufa&muf&ef tar&duefjynfaxmifpkodkY roGm;
    a&mufrD wkwfEkdifiHodkYvnf; oGm;a&mufcJhonfhtwGuf tif
    tm;BuD;ESpfEkdifiHMum;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHu owdxm;ae&aom
    qufqaH &;tajctae[k a0zefrrI sm;ay:xGuv
    f mcJjh cif;jzpf
    onf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfu jrefrmEkid if t
    H aejzihf wkwEf idk if H
    ESihfomru tar&duefjynfaxmifpkESihfyg aEG;axG;aumif;
    rGefaomqufqHa&;udk xl axmifEdkifrnf[k ,HkMunfaMumif;
    ,aeYowif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJwGif ajymMum;cJhonf/
    xko
    d Ykd qufqaH &;rsKd ;jzpf&eftwGuf wwfEidk o
    f nfb
    h ufrS
    tm;ay;rnfjzpfNyD; ,if;rSm EkdifiHtaetxm;aMumifh r[kwf
    bJ urmt
    h aetxm;aMumifo
    h mjzpfaMumif;vnf; if;u xyf
    avmif;ajymMum;cJhonf/
    a':atmifqef;pkMunfonf ,ck tar&duefc&D;pOft
    wGi;f orwtkb
    d m;rm;tygt0if Ekid if aH &;orm;rsm;? vTwaf wmf
    trwfrsm;? e,fy,ftoD;oD;rS xif&mS ;olrsm;? toif;tzGUJ rsm;
    ESifh awGUqHck NhJ y;D jrefrmEkid if t
    H wGuf pD;yGm;a&;ESifh ynma&;? use;f
    rma&;u@rsm;udk aqG;aEG;cJhonf/
    avmif;Muwm trsm;BuD;yJ}} [k
    Eku
    d u
    f vyfrsm;wGif vlapmihaf vh
    &S d o nf h tiS m ;,mOf a rmif ; ol
    wpfOD;u ajymjyonf/
    ]]EkdufuvyfawGtwGuf
    oD;oefY vHNk cHKa&;ay;wmr&Sdbl;/
    &JwyfzGJUu vHkNcHKa&;aqmif&Guf
    ay;wmu ausmif;wkdY? aps;wkdYvkd
    trsm;jynf o l a wG & S d w J h ae&m
    awGrSm vHkNcHKa&;ay;w,f/ &Judk
    vmwkdifNyDqkd&ifawmh &Ju ar;
    w,f/ tcif;jzpfwJhae&m teD;
    ywf0ef;usifudkpHkprf;w,f/ NyD;
    &if oHo,&SdolyHkudk yef;csDqGJ
    w,f / pcef ; tcsif ; csif ; csd w f
    quf N yD ; awmh vd k u f & S m w,f /
    vmwk d i f N yD q k d & if &J u awmh r
    ay:rcsif; pHkprf;ae&rSmyJ}} [k
    &efukefwkdif;a'oBuD; &JwyfzGJU
    rSL;Hk;rS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u&Sif;
    jyonf/
    ]]EkdifiHwumrSmvnf; 'Dvdk
    EkdufuvyfawG &SdaewmyJav/
    olwkdY ausmif;oGm;r,f? tvkyf
    oGm;r,f/ olw&Ykd UJ pdwzf pd ;D rIawG?
    zdtm;awG 'DrSmvmNyD;ajzavQmh
    r,f? ur,f? NyD;awmh jyefoGm;
    Muw,f / vG w f v G w f v yf v yf
    aysmfyg;wm? qHkpnf;wm? tjyif
    xG u f M uwm&S d w myJ / 'gayrJ h
    'DEkdifiHrSm &SdaewJhEkdufuvyfqkd
    wJ h [ mu wpf r sKd ; jzpf a ew,f
    aygh/ tcsdefeJY aiGudk aygaygoHk;
    EkdifwJholawG/ NyD;awmh 'Dae&m
    rSm aiG&SmvdkY&wJholawG/ 'DvdkrsKd;
    awG vma&mufNyD;awmh pka0;
    wmrsKd; rjzpfapcsifbl;}} [k 88

    rsKd ; quf ausmif ; om;acgif ;


    aqmifudkaX;<u,fu qkdonf/

    a&mif p H k qvd k u f r D ; rsm;
    onf ay 40_ay 60 cefYus,f
    0ef;aomtcef;wGi;f vSnyhf wf
    upm;vsuf&Sdonf/ uckef&ef
    owfrw
    S af y;xm;aom ae&mxJ
    wG i f vl i ,f t rsKd ; om;? trsKd ;
    orD;av;rsm; ESpaf ,mufww
    JG pf
    rsKd;? tkyfpkvdkufwpfzHk pnf;csuf
    nDnDvIyf&Sm;aeMuonf/ uyGJ
    ab; ywfywfvnf&dS pm;yGcJ ikH ,f
    av;rsm;wG i f aps;jrih f o nf h
    t&ufrsKd;pHkukd,fpDjzihf xkdifae
    Muonfh vli,frsm;udk awGU&
    onf / Ek d i f i H j cm;om;wcsKd U u
    vnf; trsK;d orD;i,fwcsKUd ESiw
    fh JG
    vsuf pum;pjrnf ajymqkd&if;
    wvIyfvIyfjzpfaeonf/
    tqkyd gjrifuiG ;f onf tif;
    vsm;vdwf[dkw,ftwGif; zGihf
    vSpfxm;aom 'Da*sbm;Ekdufu
    vyf\ atmufwkdbmv 5 &uf
    aeY ? vl p nf u m;csd e f Friday
    Night yifjzpfygonf/ xkdtcsdef
    wGif pifjrihfay:rS 'Da*synm&Sif
    u vwfwavm a&yef;pm;ae
    onfh ukd&D;,m;EkdifiH&Sd vluHkxH
    &yfuu
    G w
    f pfct
    k aMumif; oa&mf
    oDqkdxm;aom aw;oDcsif;udk
    pzGihfvdkufonf/ 'Da*sqDrS xGuf
    vmonfhaw;oDcsif;tm; Ekduf
    uvyftwGif; a&muf&SdaeMu
    aomvlaygif; 100 ausmfrS NydKif
    wlvu
    kd q
    f Mdk uoHu uvyftjyif
    odkYwkdif vQHxGufoGm;ygonf/
    ]]tkdyg;..*ef;em;.. pwkdif}}/ /

    Home

    Vol.11, No.31 October 11 , 2012

    rptifwmae&Sife,f 0ifNydKifonfh&Srf;wkdif;&if;ol vlrIuGef&ufwGif tm;ay;rItxl;&ae


    at;olpH
    &efukef? atmufwkdbm - 8
    *syefEkdifiH tkduDem0guRef;wGif
    usi;f yaeaom urmEh idk if aH ygif;
    69 EkdifiHrS tvSr,f 69 OD;yg
    0if,SOfNydKifaeonfh Miss International 2012 NydKifyGJwGif
    jrefrmEkdifiH udk,fpm;jyK &Srf;
    wdik ;f &if;olwpfO;D 0ifa&muf,OS f
    NydKifvsuf&Sdonf/
    1960 jynf h E S p f u pwif
    usif;yaom ,if;NydKifyGJudk jref
    rmEkdifiHu 1961 ckESpfwGif 0if
    a&muf,SOfNydKifcJhNyD;aemuf ESpf
    aygif; 50 ausmftMum yxr
    qH;k tBudrf jyefvnf,OS Nf yKd ijf cif;
    jzpfNyD; vlrIuGef&uf0ufbfqkduf
    rsm;ESihf tifwmeufpmrsufESm
    rsm;aMumifh jrefrmukd,fpm;jyK
    eef;cifaZ,smrSm &ufykdif;t
    wGif; emrnfausmfoGm;jcif;jzpf
    onf/
    atmufwb
    dk m 21 &ufwiG f
    aemufqHk;tqifh a&G;cs,frnf
    jzpfNyD; Miss International t
    ygt0if qkaygif; 15 qka&G;cs,f
    ay;tyfomG ;rnfjzpfaMumif; NyKd if
    yG0J ufbq
    f u
    dk w
    f iG f xkwjf yefxm;
    onf/
    eef;cifaZ,smrSm awmif
    BuD;Zmwd &Srf;ytkdY0fwkdif;&if;ol
    jzpfNyD; '*HkwuodkvfrS Oya'bGJU
    &&Sx
    d m;um *smref-t*Fvyd {f nfh
    vrf;TefwpfOD;tjzpf vkyfukdif
    aeolvnf;jzpfonf/
    ,ckEpS frwfvujrefrmEkid if H
    c&D ; oG m ;vk y f i ef ; tzG J U csKyf r S
    usif;yonfh Miss Myanmar

    &&Sdx m;NyD; Miss Myanmar


    taejzihf ta&SUawmiftm&SEkdif
    iHtcsKdUodkY oGm;a&mufcJhum puf
    wifbmv 2 &ufu urf;vSrf;
    vmaom ,ckNydKifyGJtwGuf jref
    rmEkid if cH &D;oGm;vkyif ef;tzGUJ csKyf
    rSwpfqifh 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifcJh
    jcif;jzpfonf/
    NydKifyGJ vkdtyfcsuft& a&
    ul;0wfpjkH zifh "mwfykH u
    kd u
    f ;l ,SOf
    NydKifjcif;tay: jynfwGif;rSa0
    zefrt
    I csKUd &Scd ahJ omfvnf; trsm;
    pkrmS rl jrefrmEkid if o
    H w
    l pfO;D tae
    jzihfvdu
    I v
    f u
    Id v
    f v
    JS JStm;ay;rIrsm;
    qufvufjzpfay:aeaMumif;
    vlru
    I eG &f uf0ufbf qku
    d rf sm;ESifh
    tifwmeuf pmrsufESmrsm;wGif
    awGU&onf/
    ]]jrefrmrif;orD;awG jynf
    wGif;rSm tazmftcRwfawG 0wf
    wmawmh rBudKufbl;/ 'gayrJh
    tckvdk 'Drdef;uav;u EkdifiHw
    umyGJrSm oGm;NydKifwJhtcg 'Dvdk
    0wfpm;qif,ifrIrsKd;[m oifh
    wifah vsmufywfwt
    hJ vkyu
    f v
    kd yk f
    wmvkdYjrifygw,f}} [k touf
    30 t&G,f trsKd;orD;wpfOD;u
    eef;cifaZ,sm\ a&ul;0wfpHk
    jzihf NydKifyGJ0if"mwfyHktay: olr
    \tjrifudkajymonf/

    aemufqHk;tqifh NydKifyGJ
    wG i f eef ; cif a Z,smu jref r m
    dk;&m0wfpHk? ucsifkd;&m 0wfpHk
    wkdYjzihf 0wfqif,SOfNydKifrnfjzpf
    NyD; tqkdygNydKifyGJ0if0wfpHkrsm;
    udk 'DZkdifemjynfpdk;atmif? rrL
    (Zu Zu Collection)ESifh 'DZkdifem
    oGipf ak xG;wku
    Yd csKyv
    f yk yf yhH ;kd ay;

    qkdifu,fvkdifpif
    rSwfyHkwifumv wpfvxyfwdk;
    odrfhodrfhpkd;

    &efukef?atmufwdkbm-6
    vkdifpifrJhqkdifu,frsm;ukd tcGefay;aqmifNyD; w&m;0if rSwfyHkwif
    jyKvyk jf cif;umvoufwrf; wpfvxyfrw
    H ;dk jri v
    hf u
    dk af Mumif; ukev
    f rf;
    ydkYaqmifa&;TefMum;rIOD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u ajymMum;
    onf/
    vkid pf ifrq
    hJ ikd u
    f ,frsm; w&m;0ifrw
    S yf w
    kH if jyKvyk af y;jcif;ukd ZGef
    vrS pufwifbmvtxd oufwrf;av;v owfrw
    S x
    f m;aomf vnf;
    trsm;jynfol vufxJwGif vkdifpifrJhqkdifu,frsm; r&Sdapa&;twGuf
    Ekd0ifbmvxd wdk;jrifhaqmif&Gufay;oGm;rnfjzpfonf/
    vkid pf ifrq
    hJ idk u
    f ,f trsm;pkonf e,fpyfppfaq;a&;*dwrf sm;ESifh
    oufqkdif&m tzGJUtpnf;rsm;tm; a&SmifvGJ w&m;r0if 0ifa&muf
    vmaom qkdifu,frsm;jzpfonf/ vkdifpifrJhqkdifu,frsm; rSwfyHkwif
    jyKvyk af y;jcif;udk 1999 ckEpS rf S pwifjyKvyk af y;cJ&h m ckepfBudraf jrmuf
    &SdNyDjzpfonf/
    pDrcH suu
    f mvtwGi;f aumufcrH nfh tcGeEf eI ;f xm;rsm;rSmvnf;
    ,cifEeI ;f xm;rsm;twkid ;f om jzpfonf/ vkid pf ifjyKvyk &f mwGif owfrw
    S f
    umvwef zd;k \ 5 &mckid Ef eI ;f ? ukeo
    f ,
    G v
    f yk if ef;cGeo
    f wfrw
    S u
    f mv\ 5
    &mckid Ef eI ;f ? tmrcHy&Dr,
    D rf 2550usyEf iS fh ,mOfrw
    S yf w
    kH ifaMu;22000
    usyfwkdYjzpfonf/ NyD;cJhonfh pDrHcsufumvtwGif; armfawmfqkdif
    u,fpD;a& 890000 ausmfxd w&m;0ifrSwfyHkwifjyKvkyfay;xm;NyD;
    jzpfaMumif;od&onf/

    xm;aMumif; owif;Xmewpfck
    ESiafh wGUqHck phJ Of eef;cifaZ,smu
    ajzMum;onf/

    EkdifiHaygif; 69 EkdifiH0if
    a&muf,SOfNydKifaeaom ,if;
    NydKifyGJwGif kyf&nfvSyrIomru
    A[k o k w t&nf t csif ; rsm;yg
    jynfh0&rnfhtjyif y&dowfrsm;
    \ rJay;a&G;cs,frIonfvnf;
    ta&;ygaomaMumifh Miss International NydKifyGJ\ w&m;0if
    qk w pf q k j zpf a om Miss Internet qktwGuf eef;cifaZ
    ,smtm; tGefvdkif;rS rJay;a&G;

    cs,fjcif;udk www.flickr.com/
    photos/64086169@n03/
    sets/72157631640709082

    wGif rJay;a&G;cs,fEkdifaMumif;
    eef;cifaZ,smu olr\ azhpf
    bGwcf pf mrsuEf mS rSwpfqifh ajym
    Mum;xm;onf/
    ]]'Dw&m;0ifvifhcfrSm jref
    rmtwGuf rJay;Ekdifygw,f/ tkd
    uDem0grSm wpfa,mufwnf;
    ayr,fv
    h nf; jrefrmEkid if t
    H wGuf
    taumif;qH;k BuKd ;pm;aeyg w,f}}
    [k olr\ azhpfbGwfcfpmrsuf
    ESmwGifa&;om;xm;onf/

    Photo-FB

    II

    III

    IV

    You might also like