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Politics and Knowledge

Chapter One
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman 2011

On Politics
Politics is defined in a variety of ways:
Exercise of power Determination of who gets what, when, and how Public allocation of things that are valued Resolution of conflict Competition among individuals and groups pursuing their own interests Overall:
Politics is the process through which power and influence are used in the promotion of certain values and interests

Types of Political Knowledge


Political analysis
The attempt to describe and then to explain politics It seeks to answer the what, how, and why questions

Political science
A set of techniques, concepts, and approaches whose objective is to increase the clarity and accuracy of our understandings about the political world

Three general types of political knowledge:


Description Explanation Prescription

Sources of Political Knowledge


Three important sources of political knowledge:
Authority
Specific authority sources General authority sources Everyone as authority Problems Rationality Intuition Personal experience Problems

Personal thought

Science

Sources of Political Knowledge: Science


Four essential characteristics of the scientific method:
Entails a search for regularities in the relationships among phenomena Is empirical in that it is concerned with phenomena that can be observed, or at least measured Is cumulative in nature Is testable

Political Knowledge of Different Age Groups: Applying the Scientific Method to Politics

Political Science
Comparative politics American politics International relations Political theory Boundary-spanning hybrids
Political anthropology Political economy Political psychology Political sociology Biopolitics

Political Science and Political Knowledge


Some argue that political science is not a real science Do politics and science go together? Are generalizations possible?
Debate in 1

Political Science as a Means of Understanding the Political World


Desirable to use systematic and analytic thinking Importance of shared knowledge
We need methods to reach some interpersonal agreement about political facts

Enables us to develop:
Better concepts Improved methods Sound generalizations

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