Vacuum Technology
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Recent papers in Vacuum Technology
Skills. Hydrogen, Hydrogen gas sensors, Fuel Cells, PEM Fuel Cells, Physisorption of molecular hydrogen, Hydrogen on-board storage, Hydrogen accumulator, Hydrogen sensors, Hydrogen Storage, Nano-Catalysis, Hydrogen... more
Skills. Hydrogen, Hydrogen gas sensors, Fuel Cells, PEM Fuel Cells, Physisorption of molecular hydrogen, Hydrogen on-board storage, Hydrogen accumulator, Hydrogen sensors, Hydrogen Storage, Nano-Catalysis, Hydrogen Production, Gas Adsorption, Hydrogen Generation, Green Chemistry Technology, Material Characterization, Materials, Nanomaterials, Synthesis, Nanomaterials Synthesis, Adsorption, Microstructure, Porous Materials, Mesoporous Materials, Catalyst Characterization, Materials Testing, Advanced Materials, Mechanical Properties, Kinetics, Chemical Application, Reaction Kinetics, Solar Energy, Carbon Nanomaterials, Experimental Physics, Radiation Detection, Hydrogen Energy, Surface Properties, Heterogeneous Catalysis, Catalyst Synthesis, Cryogenics, Energy, Cryogenics Engineering, Fluid Dynamics, Mechanics, Vehicle Dynamics, Electrochemistry, Thermodynamics, Nuclear Engineering, Nanotechnology, Photoconductivity, Chemical Engineering, Electrochromic Devices, Graphene Sheets, Mathematical Physics, Polymer Chemistry, Composites, Thin Films, Lithium Ion Batteries, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Geochemistry, Physical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Materials Science, Condensed Matter Physics, Ecology, Patents, Gas, Invention, steam reforming of ethanol, Gases, Detectors, Oxygen, Nano, Electrochromics, Heat, Space Technology, Space Technology for Development, Cryology, Temperature, Cryosorption, Hydrogen recombiners, Space Vehicles, Photochromic materials, Leak test, Alternative energy and ecology, Thermoelectric systems, Binary Ice, superinsulation, Nuclear, Cryogenic tanks, cathode materials, materials for supercapacitors, energy objects, MWCNT, electrochromic film, photochromic triplex, cryogenic pipeline, cryogenic reservoir, electrochromic systems, manganese dioxide palladium, Multi-Layer Insulation, Liquid hydrogen tank car, Zeolites, Cryopump, Regeneration of a cryopump, Vacuums and Vacuum Technology, Nano - composites Membranes for clearing Chlorine, flexible transparent electrochromic film, Photochromic polymeric triplex, Exergy Analysis, Exergy, High Vacuum, Solar Cells, Solar Collectors, Solar Cooling, Solar Ennergy Conversion, Concentrated Solar Power, Hydrogen Cars, Hydrogen safety, Connectivity, Nanocomposites, Graphene Nanocomposites, Polymer Nanocomposites, composite membranes, Palladium Nanoclusters.
Nanometer-sized structures, surfaces and sub-surface phenomena have played an enormous role in science and technological applications and represent a driving-force of current interdisciplinary science. Recent developments include the... more
Nanometer-sized structures, surfaces and sub-surface phenomena have played an enormous role in science and technological applications and represent a driving-force of current interdisciplinary science. Recent developments include the atomic-scale characterization of nanoparticles, molecular reactions at surfaces, magnetism at
the atomic scale, photoelectric characterization of nanostructures as well as two-dimensional solids. Research and development of smart nanostructured materials governed by their surface properties is a rapidly growing field. The main challenge is to develop an accurate and robust electronic structure description. The density of surface-related trap states is analyzed by transient UV photoconductivity and temperature-dependent admittance spectroscopy. An advanced application of thin films on shaped substrates is the deposition of catalytic layers on hollow glass microspheres for hydrogen storage controlled exothermal hydrolytic release. Surface properties of
thin films including dissolution and corrosion, fouling resistance, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are explored to improve materials response in biological environments and medicine. Trends in surface biofunctionalization routes based on vacuum techniques, together with advances in surface analysis of biomaterials, are discussed. Pioneering advances in the application of X-ray nanodiffraction of thin film cross-sections for characterizing nanostructure and local strain including in-situ experiments during nanoindentation are described. Precise measurements and control of plasma properties are important for fundamental investigations and the development of next generation plasma-based technologies. Critical control parameters are the flux and
energy distribution of incident ions at reactive surfaces; it is also crucial to control the dynamics of electrons initiating non-equilibrium chemical reactions. The most promising approach involves the exploitation of complementary advantages in direct measurements combined with specifically designed numerical simulations. Exciting new developments in vacuum science and technology have focused on forward-looking and next generation standards and sensors that take advantage of photonics based measurements. These measurements are inherently fast, frequency based, easily transferrable to sensors based on photonics and hold promise of being disruptive and transformative. Realization of Pascal, the SI unit for pressure, a cold-atom trap based ultra-high
and extreme high vacuum (UHV and XHV) standard, dynamic pressure measurements and a photonic based thermometer are three key examples that are presented.
the atomic scale, photoelectric characterization of nanostructures as well as two-dimensional solids. Research and development of smart nanostructured materials governed by their surface properties is a rapidly growing field. The main challenge is to develop an accurate and robust electronic structure description. The density of surface-related trap states is analyzed by transient UV photoconductivity and temperature-dependent admittance spectroscopy. An advanced application of thin films on shaped substrates is the deposition of catalytic layers on hollow glass microspheres for hydrogen storage controlled exothermal hydrolytic release. Surface properties of
thin films including dissolution and corrosion, fouling resistance, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity are explored to improve materials response in biological environments and medicine. Trends in surface biofunctionalization routes based on vacuum techniques, together with advances in surface analysis of biomaterials, are discussed. Pioneering advances in the application of X-ray nanodiffraction of thin film cross-sections for characterizing nanostructure and local strain including in-situ experiments during nanoindentation are described. Precise measurements and control of plasma properties are important for fundamental investigations and the development of next generation plasma-based technologies. Critical control parameters are the flux and
energy distribution of incident ions at reactive surfaces; it is also crucial to control the dynamics of electrons initiating non-equilibrium chemical reactions. The most promising approach involves the exploitation of complementary advantages in direct measurements combined with specifically designed numerical simulations. Exciting new developments in vacuum science and technology have focused on forward-looking and next generation standards and sensors that take advantage of photonics based measurements. These measurements are inherently fast, frequency based, easily transferrable to sensors based on photonics and hold promise of being disruptive and transformative. Realization of Pascal, the SI unit for pressure, a cold-atom trap based ultra-high
and extreme high vacuum (UHV and XHV) standard, dynamic pressure measurements and a photonic based thermometer are three key examples that are presented.
Vacuum drying can dehydrate materials further than dry heat methods, while protecting sensitive materials from thermal degradation. Many industries have shifted to vacuum drying as cost- or time-saving measures. Small-scale vacuum drying,... more
Vacuum drying can dehydrate materials further than dry heat methods, while protecting sensitive materials from thermal degradation. Many industries have shifted to vacuum drying as cost- or time-saving measures. Small-scale vacuum drying, however, has been limited by the high costs of specialty scientific tools. To make vacuum drying more accessible, this study provides design and performance information for a small-scale open source vacuum oven, which can be fabricated from off-the-shelf and 3-D printed components. The oven is tested for drying speed and effectiveness on both waste plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a consortium of bacteria developed for bioprocessing of terephthalate wastes to assist in distributed recycling of PET for both additive manufacturing as well as potential food. Both materials can be damaged when exposed to high temperatures, making vacuum drying a desirable solution. The results showed that the open source vacuum oven was effective at drying both plastic and biomaterials, drying at a higher rate than a hot-air dryer for small samples or for low volumes of water. The system can be constructed for less than 20% of commercial vacuum dryer costs for several laboratory-scale applications, including dehydration of bio-organisms, drying plastic for distributed recycling and additive manufacturing, and chemical processing.
- by Joshua Pearce and +1
- •
- Drying Technology, Recycling, 3D printing, Vacuum Drying
This research work focused on the variability of global solar radiation over the area of Abakaliki,Ebonyi State (6o20’N, 8o06’E) located in South Eastern part of Nigeria for the rainy and dry seasons. The Pyranometer used for this... more
This research work focused on the variability of global solar radiation over the area of Abakaliki,Ebonyi State (6o20’N, 8o06’E) located in South Eastern part of Nigeria for the rainy and dry seasons. The Pyranometer used for this measurement was locally developed and calibrated against a standard pyranometer, it competed favorably with the standard Einstrain Lungs Sensor. The global solar radiation was measured every five minutes from 08:00hours to 18:00hours during the dry season 2011 and rainy season in 2012. The measurements were carried out near the New Physics Laboratory Complex Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria. Maximum Irradiances of 1095.10Wm-2 and 689.48Wm-2 recorded in Abakaliki during dry and rainy seasons respectively occurred between 12:00 – 14:00hours local time, whereas the minimum values of 9.20Wm-2 and 9.86Wm-2 respectively are recorded during the sunrise and sunset. Partly cloudy conditions in Abakaliki cause conspicuous oscillations in global solar radiation. This can be attributed to multiple reflections by nearby cloudy layers.The seasonal difference in the observed global solar radiation is 405.62Wm-2. Therefore solar energy devices can operate continuously in Abakaliki for up to 10 hours in a solar day from 8:00hours to 18:00hours which was the period covered during this investigation.
The most common type of vacuum pumps and measuring gauges based on available literature are studied with emphasis on how new research and development will enable the new generation of vacuum technology specially in designing, its... more
The most common type of vacuum pumps and measuring gauges based on available literature are studied with emphasis on how new research and development will enable the new generation of vacuum technology specially in designing, its operational procedure and applications. The technologies were developed to meet the operational goal which include vacuum chamber structures, compatible materials, specialized vacuum pump and gauges. There are many areas where different vacuum condition is required for conducting experiments therefore modeling of pumping system is on demand. The basic understanding of how and when the particular pumping and measurement system can be applied most effectively and economically is essential. The poor choice of pumping and measurement system will interfere the scientific objectives and may leads to substantial maintenance demands and an unpleasant working environment. The development and fundamental investigation of innovative vacuum techniques for creation and measurement of vacuum used for various applications necessary for the research work to be done in future are presented.
The most common type of vacuum pumps and measuring gauges based on available literature are studied with emphasis on how new research and development will enable the new generation of vacuum technology specially in designing, its... more
The most common type of vacuum pumps and measuring gauges based on available literature are studied with emphasis on how new research and development will enable the new generation of vacuum technology specially in designing, its operational procedure and applications. The technologies were developed to meet the operational goal which include vacuum chamber structures, compatible materials, specialized vacuum pump and gauges. There are many areas where different vacuum condition is required for conducting experiments therefore modeling of pumping system is on demand. The basic understanding of how and when the particular pumping and measurement system can be applied most effectively and economically is essential. The poor choice of pumping and measurement system will interfere the scientific objectives and may leads to substantial maintenance demands and an unpleasant working environment. The development and fundamental investigation of innovative vacuum techniques for creation and ...
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