Success of Research Collaboration

Sampah menjadi salah satu permasalahan kompleks yang dihadapi oleh suatu daerah yang berada dekat pantai atau pesisir yang memiliki beberapa sungai yang bermuara ke laut. Sampah laut khususnya sampah jenis anorganik (undergradable) merupakan musuh utama yang semakin lama jumlahnya tidak berkurang dan cenderung diabaikan keberadaannya. Dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh sampah jenis ini dapat mengancam kelangsungan dan keberlanjutan hidup biota yang terdapat di perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah, jenis, massa, dan kepadatan sampah laut anorganik yang ada di perairan Pulau Lae-Lae Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2019 di Pulau Lae-Lae. Metode pengambilan sampah dilakukan di tiga stasiun, di mana stasiun I berada pada bagian Utara, stasiun II berada pada bagian Barat dan stasiun III pada bagian Selatan Pulau Lae-Lae. Di dalam sebuah transek yang dibentangkan mengikuti garis pantai lalu dibagi menjadi 3 plot pada setiap stasiun dengan ukuran 50 m x 20 m. Kemudian mengumpulkan setiap jenis sampah yang terdapat pada plot. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilaksanakan, menunjukkan bahwa sampah plastik lunak jenis sedotan yang paling banyak ditemukan di setiap stasiun penelitian. Massa total sampah yang didapatkan di Pulau Lae-Lae yaitu 65,64 kg/0,003 km 2 dan rata-rata kepadatan sampah di Pulau Lae-Lae menurut jumlah potongan sebesar 1,82 item/m 2 dan untuk rata-rata kepadatan menurut berat sebesar 21,87 g/m 2 .

The purpose of this paper is to propose an evaluation framework for university-industry collaborative research and technological initiative at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, by identifying the success criteria of university-industry collaborative research and technological initiative as perceived by academics. Five type of research collaboration mechanisms, which are; Consultancy and Technical Services Provision, Cooperative R&D Agreement, Licensing, Contract Research, and Spin-off Companies discussed and success criteria for each mechanism adopted from previous models in other countries. Based on these data, initial framework proposed. This study provides a framework to assess success of research collaboration activities from perception of academics. It’s useful for improving management of research collaboration activities in universities.

Excluding the ​ ERC Synergy grant​ , ERC grants are personal. This means that the ​ ERC AdG​ , ​ CoG and StG projects cannot be collaborative efforts. Since many applicants are used to working in collaboration with their peers and colleagues – this comes as a contrast and strikes as counter-intuitive. In many other grants, collaborations are common and even encouraged. In ERC, excluding the PI's direct team members, collaborators are normally not welcome to the research effort. The previous sentence is not unequivocal. Working with many ERC applicants enables us to track specific instances for which collaborations in ERC were in fact acceptable and even needed. In light of this apparent controversy, many applicants are unsure if their collaborative inclusion would help or hurt their application. Both a conceptual understanding of when collaborations are perceived positively, and a practical understanding of how this should be presented in the application, is needed to get it right. For this reason, we'll address below exactly when collaborations in ERC are acceptable and how best to manage them.