Regeneration (Biology)

While moving towards a sustainable society, conservation and reuse of valuable industrial heritage is becoming more and more important from a social, cultural and historical point of view. The reinforced concrete industrial buildings that were built in the early 20th century, expressed the symbiosis between

Many European countries have policies to renew cities and neighbourhoods. This paper examines the policies of France, the Netherlands and Germany. In these, as in most Western European countries, the social housing sector forms an important part of regeneration schemes. Social housing is both actor and subject to urban renewal. Housing associations are key actors because they own much of the housing stock, and social rented housing neighbourhoods are the target of the renewal process. Since World War II, urban regeneration processes in Europe can be divided into three major periods. Each period contained policy turning points, which differed according to country and political context. At these turning points policy swung from more physically oriented strategies towards more socially oriented ones or vice versa. This chapter sets out to describe these periods and to demonstrate the strong relationship between urban regeneration and social housing. It describes the challenges posed by...

Surgical intervention is necessary following nerve trauma. Tubular prostheses can guide growing axons and inserting substances within these prostheses can be positive for the regeneration, making it an alternative for the current standard tools for nerve repair. Our aim was to investigate the effects of fibrin glue BthTL when combined with a synthetic TNF mimetic-action peptide on nerve regeneration. Male Wistar rats suffered left sciatic nerve transection. For repairing, we used empty silicon tubes (n = 10), tubes filled with fibrin glue BthTL (Tube + Glue group, n = 10) or tubes filled with fibrin glue BThTL mixed with TNF mimetic peptide (Tube + Glue + Pep group, n = 10). Animals were euthanized after 45 days. We collected nerves to perform immunostaining (neurofilament, GAP43, S100-β, NGFRp75 and Iba-1), light and transmission electron microscopy (for counting myelinated, unmyelinated and degenerated fibers; and for the evaluation of morphometric aspects of regenerated fibers) and collagen staining. All procedures were approved by local ethics committee (protocol 063/17). Tube + Glue + Pep group showed intense inflammatory infiltrate, higher Iba-1 expression, increased immunostaining for NGFRp75 receptor (which characterizes Schwann cell regenerative phenotype), higher myelin thickness and fiber diameter and more type III collagen deposition. Tube + Glue group showed intermediate results between empty tube and Tube + Glue + Pep groups for anti-NGFRp75 immunostaining, inflammation and collagen; on fiber counts, this group showed more degenerate fibers and fewer unmyelinated axons than others. Empty tube group showed superiority only in GAP43 immunostaining. A combination of BthTL glue and TNF mimetic peptide induced greater axonal regrowth and remyelination.

Urban Regeneration has changed from a simple engineering and construction project to a sophisticated social and economic phenomenon. Management and considering context are to critical factors of regeneration projects success and failures in Iranian initiatives are strongly the result of negligence of them. The main propose of this research is to develop a managerial model for regeneration projects in Tehran based on the context. After considering different dimensions of urban regeneration, the structure and components of the model is identified based on David`s strategic management model and then to complete the model, interview with experts and analysis of consultant`s documents related to Tehran`s deteriorated fabrics is done. Finally every identified part is synthesized into the final model. The most important aspect of the model is role of facilitator for urban management and not a direct actor giving the chance for developers and professionals in private sector to direct regene...

Fritillaria imperialis L. (Liliaceae) is a rare and endangered ornamental plant grown in mountain regions and Zagros altitudes, Ilam province, Iran. This species is in danger of extinction due to invasive collection. Plant regeneration was done by organogenesis from bulb scales as explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media fortified with different concentrations of kinetin (KIN, 0.00, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg l-1) and α_naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.00, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg l-1), either individually or in combination. The largest number of leaf (3.80), root (5.86) and callus (8.16) per explant was regenerated on the medium containing 0.50 mg l-1 KIN and 1.00 mg l-1 NAA. Maximum viability percentage (96.66%) was obtained in medium supplemented with 1.00 mg l-1 KIN. In vitro regenerated plantlets were cultivated in plastic pots containing peat moss and perlite (1:1). The plantlets were successfully acclimatized in an adaptation greenhouse with a survival rate of 95% exhibiti...

An integrated field-based model of educational technology and summer technology institutes enhance the technology integration skills of faculty and preservice teachers at ASU-Tempe. This requires a collaborative programmatic infrastructure that provides opportunities for education and technology faculty to develop shared goals and the technology and training necessary to reach those goals.

While moving towards a sustainable society, conservation and reuse of valuable industrial heritage is becoming more and more important from a social, cultural and historical point of view. The reinforced concrete industrial buildings that were built in the early 20th century, ...

The effect of different levels of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA) on shoot multiplication and regeneration of Petunia hybrida was studied. Regenerated shoots from leaf explants were grown ex vitro for analysis of somaclonal variation. Seeds of Petunia hybrida were germinated in vitro on MS basal medium. The seedlings were used as a source of explants for the multiplication and regeneration experiments. For the shoot multiplication experiment, shoot explants taken from germinated seedlings were cultured on MS basal media supplemented with different concentrations of BA (0.1, 0.4, 0.8 mg l − 1) and NAA at concentration of 0.1 mg l − 1. Highest number of axillary shoot was obtained on medium supplemented with 0.8 mg l-1 BA and 0.1 mg l − 1 NAA. For regeneration experiments, leaf sections taken from germinated seedlings were cultured onto MS media supplemented with three levels of BA (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg l − 1) and 0.5 mg l − 1 NAA. The highest shoot regeneration rate (45%) was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l − 1 BA. For the evaluation of somaclonal variation, lateral bud explants were taken from pink colored petunia plants that were grown in the greenhouse. The buds were disinfected and cultured on MS basal media supplied with 30 mg l − 1 gentamycin sulfate and 30 mg l − 1 Benlate. After shoots grew, leaf sections were then taken from them shoots and cultured onto shoot regeneration medium (MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l − 1 BA). The regenerated adventitious shoots were cultured on MS medium without growth regulator. These shoots were then rooted, acclimatized and transferred to the greenhouse for evaluation. Two forms of leaf shape (orbicular and elliptic) and three flower colors (violet, purple and light pink) appeared on the plantlets.

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz., popularly known as Indian Snakeroot plant, belonging to Apocynaceae family, holds immense medicinal importance, owing to its rich source of multiple secondary metabolites such as ajmaline, ajmalicine, reserpine, and serpentine. To meet the constant demands for the key secondary metabolite (reserpine) by majority of the pharmaceutical industries, the present study assessed the effects of direct and indirect regeneration system on amelioration of reserpine accumulation in shoots of R. serpentina. In vitro multiple shoot cultures were established using shoot tip explants. Best results for shoot initiation, multiplication, and biomass production were obtained in case of Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with 1 mg/l N6-benzyladenine. The multiple shoots were then sub-cultured on cytokinin–auxin combination media for further proliferation. Highest shoot and leaf multiplication rates and the most enhanced biomass were obtained in case of 1–...

Participatory action research has been engaged by outsider researchers and activist scholars seeking to accompany survivors of violence and gross violations of human rights in their struggles to build peace in transitional societies. This chapter discusses some of these initiatives, with a particular focus on gender violence during the armed conflict in Guatemala, the site of the authors’ long-term engagement. The chapter draws on antiracist and anticolonial feminisms to critically engage tendencies in hegemonic feminist, peacebuilding, and transitional justice discourses to essentialize gender violence and women, to instead argue that gender violence is inherently racialized, and requires attention to indigenous struggles. It explores how participatory workshops that incorporate creative techniques (e.g., drawing, dramatizations, and creative storytelling) and embodied practices (including, in the context of Guatemala, Mayan practices and beliefs) can generate spaces through which intermediaries and protagonists can co-construct alternative ways of knowing, performing suffering and resistance towards the regeneration of women’s and indigenous communities in contexts of ongoing impunity. These spaces of action–reflection facilitate outsider researchers’ critical reflexivity through which they interrogate their power and privilege towards collaborative actions alongside protagonists and other intermediaries with whom they are working.

Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death in industrialized nations with myocardial infarction (MI) contributing to at least one fifth of the reported deaths. The hypoxic environment eventually leads to cellular death and scar tissue formation. The scar tissue that forms is not mechanically functional and often leads to myocardial remodeling and eventual heart failure. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine principles provide an alternative approach to restoring myocardial function by designing constructs that will restore the mechanical function of the heart. In this review, we will describe the cellular events that take place after an MI and describe current treatments. We will also describe how biomaterials, alone or in combination with a cellular component, have been used to engineer suitable myocardium replacement constructs and how new advanced culture systems will be required to achieve clinical success.

The large-dimension housing complexes in Rome have grown since the late '60s as a result of the 1st PEEP planning of 1964. The plan tried to face the large housing emergency caused by the rising urbanization (Albano, 2001). The peripheral areas of the city started to be filled with several neighborhoods in sharp break with the close urban fabric: high-density neighborhoods that for conformation and urban characteristics were placed in contrast to the existing compact city. This discontinuity is highlighted by urban scale designing approach, described by wide spaces for gardens and high speed roads, separating isolated great-size buildings. Approaching the city as an organism in constant evolution in space and time (Piccinato, 1941) and composed of continuous additions and modifications (Rossi, 1966), these neighborhoods resulted immediately as amorphous objects, autonomous from the continuity of the existing city and isolated from the network infrastructure. Nowadays, after abou...

Periodontitis and all periodontal diseases are bacterial infections that destroy the attachment fi bers and supporting bone. Left untreated, these diseases can lead to tooth loss. The main cause of periodontal disease is a bacterial plaque, many options are available to treat this disease including non-surgical, surgical, and recent regenerative materials. Growth factors (GFs) are natural biological mediators that regulate key cellular events that are part of the process of tissue repair and regeneration. Recent advances in the areas of cellular and molecular biology allowed better understanding of the functions of GFs and their participation in the different phases of wound healing. In vitro and in vivo studies have confi rmed that GFs can enhance the capacity of tissues to regenerate by regulating cell chemo attraction, differentiation and proliferation. This review focuses on fi ve GF families that have potential for inducing periodontal regeneration based on their ability to stimulate osteoblast and periodontal ligament cells in vivo and vitro.

Thisresearch to aimed obtain information on the abundance and natural regeneration population of Calamus zollingeriBeccari identify dominant in the site. The study used the descriptive method with a survey and trees technique.A was established transect of 520 m consisting of 13 plots of 20 × 20 m .The number of individuals, the length and diameter of the stems for the seedlings, young, , and mature cutting rattan recorded s, s semi-mature were along with the surrounding vegetation. Relative density, the frequency of rattan plants and tree summed to swere obtain important value index (IVI) of each. The results showed that the growth rate the natural regeneration population was quite abundant, i.e. 738.46, 296.15, 132.69, and 25.00 stems ha for seedlings, young, semi-mature,-1 and mature rattan, respectively s as a response to logging in which a number of the seedling tended to increase after logging. The trees. associated with C zollingeri were Baccaurea rasemosa, Celtis philippensis, and Fagraea fragrans The existence of seedling regeneration is a guarantee to the sustainability of C zollingeri in the. . future. with Therefore, forests rattan need to be developed to improve the preservation, utilization, and conservation of its genetic resources. , as well as enhancing the community awareness

Purpose of study: To study the role of the immune response in spinal cord injury we previously investigated the effects of genetic deletion of functional T- and B-lymphocytes in recombination activating gene 2 (Rag2)-deficient mice. To dissect out another defined and more restricted component of the immune system we now analyzed mice deficient in perforin, an enzyme with proteolytic activity expressed mainly by natural killer and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Materials and methods: Locomotor outcomes in perforin-deficient (Pfp-/-) mice and wild-type littermate controls were measured after severe compression injury of the lower thoracic spinal cord up to six weeks after injury. Results: According to both the Basso mouse scale score and single frame motion analysis, motor recovery of Pfp-/- mice was similar to wild-type controls. Interestingly, immunohistochemical analysis of cell types at six weeks after injury showed enhanced cholinergic reinnervation of spinal motor neurons caudal to the lesion site and neurofilament-positive structures at the injury site in Pfp-/- mice, whereas numbers of microglia/macrophages and astrocytes were decreased compared with controls. Conclusions: We conclude that, although loss of perforin does not change the locomotor outcome after injury, it beneficially affects diverse cellular features, such as number of axons, cholinergic synapses, astrocytes and microglia/macrophages at or caudal to the lesion site. Perforin's ability to contribute to Rag2's influence on locomotion was observed in mice doubly deficient in perforin and Rag2 which recovered better than Rag2-/- or Pfp-/- mice, suggesting that natural killer cells can cooperate with T- and B-cells in spinal cord injury.