Public Administrations

هدفت الدراسة إلى ‏إبراز أمثل الخبرات العالمية في تحول إدارات الجامعات نحو الاستدامة، ‏‏‏حيث شملت هذه ‏الخبرات ‏‏عشر جامعات من أربع دول؛ هي: أمريكا، كندا، بريطانيا، ‏هولندا.‏ ‏‏كما هدفت إلى ‏تشخيص دور إدارات ‏‏الجامعات الحكومية السعودية في التحول نحو ‏‏الاستدامة، ‏والوقوف على أبرز التحديات، وتحديد المتطلبات الإدارية اللازمة ‏لتفعيل ‏دور إدارات ‏‏الجامعات الحكومية السعودية في التحول نحو الاستدامة، وبناء ‏تصور مُقترح لدور ‏إدارات ‏الجامعات ‏الحكومية السعودية في التحول نحو ‏‏الاستدامة الأكاديمية ‏‏والبحثية والاجتماعية.‏ ‏‏وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي ‏‏بأسلوبيه ‏الوثائقي والمسحي، ‏وتكون مُجتمع الدراسة من ‏‏(1264) قائدًا أكاديميًّا في خمس جامعات؛ هي: ‏‏الملك عبد ‏‏العزيز، ‏الملك سعود، ‏الملك فهد ‏للبترول ‏‏والمعادن، الملك خالد، وجامعة ‏الحدود الشمالية، وتكونت ‏عينة ‏الدراسة من ‏‏(297) ‏قائدًا أكاديميًّا يُمثلون (23.5٪) من مُجتمع الدراسة؛ تم اختيارهم ‏بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، وتم ‏‏تطبيق أداة ‏‏الدراسة (الاستبانة) ‏‏عليهم في الفصل الدراسي ‏‏الثاني من العام الجامعي ‏‏1438/1439هـ.‏ ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت ‏إليها الدراسة: أن ‏‏الدور الذي تقوم به إدارات ‏الجامعات الحكومية السعودية لتحقيق التحول نحو الاستدامة ‏‏‏يُعتبر ‏‏‏مُتوسطًا؛ ويحتاج لمزيد من ‏الجهود والتطوير، وأن من أبرز التحديات التي تواجه إدارات ‏الجامعات السعودية: ضعف ‏الحوافز، ‏وكثرة الأعباء الإدارية، والقيود التي تفرضها الأنظمة ‏والقوانين ‏في الجامعة‏. ومن أهم توصيات ‏الدراسة: إنشاء إدارة ‏خاصة بالاستدامة، واتباع ‏منهجية شاملة للتحول نحو الاستدامة، ‏والاستفادة من المؤشرات والأنظمة العالمية ‏في مجال ‏تحول ‏الجامعات نحو ‏‏‏الاستدامة، ونشر وتوثيق ‏أفضل خبرات ومُمارسات وتطبيقات ‏الاستدامة في ‏مجال التعليم ‏‏‏‏والتدريب والتوعية ‏‏‏والتثقيف، ‏وتنظيم واستضافة الأنشطة البحثية ‏والمؤتمرات ‏والندوات وورش العمل ‏‏واللقاءات العلمية المرتبطة ‏بالاستدامة، ‏و‏‏توفير فرص تدريب للطلاب ‏للمساهمة في ‏خدمة ‏وتوعية المجتمع بقضايا ‏‏وتحديات ‏‏‏‏الاستدامة.‏

Titolo | Il ruolo del segretario comunale e i controlli interni nelle autonomie locali Autore| Ciro Amato ISBN | 978-88-67352-94-4 © 2015 Tutti i diritti riservati all'Autore Nessuna parte di questo libro può essere riprodotta senza il preventivo assenso dell'Autore e dell'Editore.

To assist the government in determining its mandate, citizens should be involved as they best know their needs. The significance of citizen engagement in the process of policy formulation is rooted in among others, the fact that public policy outputs and effects affect those to whom the policy is targeted at. This paper identifies areas of contribution of citizen involvement in public policy formulation. Literature illustrates that some governments do not engage citizens sufficiently in the process of public policy formulation. It remains relatively unclear as to why government evades engaging citizens in the formulation of public policy and conduct random and cursory consultations in order to enshroud the lack of consultation. The case of Botswana, illustrates that citizens made adequate efforts in the contribution to the formulation of the country's public policy. This study therefore, shows that citizens are an important stakeholder hence government engages them in a specific domain. This study also discusses selected cases of citizen engagement in Botswana. The study further acknowledges that the failure of policy implementation can be linked to failure on the part of civil servants where they do not follow proper procedure as recommended by the government. To this end, public policy successes require strong involvement of public officials to avoid any policy implementation failure.

Cierto es que la utilización de técnicas de descentralización productiva no se limita al sector privado, sino que también ha penetrado y cuenta ya con general y fuerte implantación en el sector público, en el que llega a estar presente en casi todas sus actividades, tanto en las precisas para el funcionamiento ordinario de las entidades que lo componen (vigilancia, limpieza de locales, mantenimiento de instalaciones y equipos, gestión administrativa, etc.), como en las necesarias para dispensar servicios de interés general a los ciudadanos. No menos verdad resulta que esta gestión indirecta ha conllevado una acusada devaluación de las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores al servicio de las empresas contratistas o concesionarias ante la generalización de procesos de licitación low prize, participados por empresas multiservicios, las cuales, aprovechando la ausencia de una normativa ad hoc, se caracterizan por la reducción de los costes salariales y otros estándares laborales. Ante esta realidad, no puede sino valorarse de forma positiva la apuesta que desde la Ley 9/2017, de Contratos del Sector Público, se ha realizado en aras a garantizar el cumplimiento de los convenios colectivos sectoriales, siendo necesario, no obstante, que el legislador laboral proporcione cumplida respuesta a las lagunas todavía existentes, sobre todo en los supuestos de subcontratación, donde las responsabilidades empresariales quedan ampliamente diluidas. / It is true that the use of productive decentralization techniques is not limited to the private sector, but has also penetrated and already has a general and strong presence in the public sector, in which it is present in almost all its activities, both in those required for the ordinary functioning of the entities that comprise it (surveillance, cleaning of premises, maintenance of facilities and equipment, administrative management, etc.), as well as those necessary to provide services of general interest to citizens. No less true is that this indirect management has led to a hard devaluation of the working conditions of workers at the service of contractor companies or concessionaires before the generalization of low-price bidding processes, participated by multi-service companies, which, taking advantage of the absence of an own regulation, are characterized by the reduction of wage costs and other labor standards. Faced with this reality, we can only value positively the bet that since the Law 9/2017, of Public Sector Contracts, has been made in order to guarantee the fulfillment of sectoral collective agreements, being necessary, nevertheless, that the Labor legislator provides a full response to the gaps still existing, especially in the cases of subcontracting, where business responsibilities are largely diluted.

Entre les réflexions de sociologie historique sur les transformations des administrations publiques et les perspectives micro-sociologiques sur le travail ordinaire des fonctionnaires, cet article défend l'intérêt d'une perspective d'analyse intermédiaire centrée sur des « activités administratives constituantes ». Au terme d'un panorama du champ des multiples recherches sur les administrations, il propose de centrer le regard sur des dispositifs qui donnent forme aux administrations et constituent des rouages essentiels de leurs fonctionnements. Les activités de recrutement, de notation, de structuration de hiérarchies, de construction de division du travail, d'inscription dans l'écrit ou de comptage gagneraient à être constituées en objets propres d'enquêtes et étudiées pour elles-mêmes, dans leurs contextes historiques et sociaux, pour comprendre de manière fine la manière dont se font, se pérennisent et se recomposent les administrations. Aux jeux des échelles d'analyse, au test de la comparaison dans le temps et dans l'espace, l'article présente l'ensemble des contributions du numéro et suggère des pistes de recherches moins linéaires des processus historiques de bureaucratisation et de managérialisation des systèmes administratifs.

La pratique de l’évaluation est en vogue. Mais que recouvre-t-elle vraiment ? Après avoir montré que la démarche d’évaluation ne doit pas être confondue avec la notation, l’inspection, le contrôle ou l’audit, ce chapitre la définit comme une approche de la réformation des organisations par le biais d’un soft management inclinant vers la construction d’un consensus autour de réformes dont l’à-propos, voire la nécessité, ne laisse plus de place au doute. Telle est bien la situation dans laquelle se trouvent les services de renseignement, dont le cloisonnement est aussi indispensable à la conduite de leurs missions que préjudiciable à l’optimisation des résultats via une mutualisation adéquate de leurs moyens et du renseignement lui-même. Dans le prolongement de ce constat, le chapitre trace une épure de ce que pourrait être l’économie générale d’un protocole d’évaluation, pose les bases d’un référentiel d’évaluation et enfin, s’interroge sur le cadre institutionnel adéquat pour conduire une évaluation cyclique des services qui composent la communauté française du renseignement.

This paper proposes a new way of classifying publics in terms of their adoption and use of digitalised communication technologies. A CATI (computer aided telephone interview)
survey of 1,014 citizens revealed that people in Siena, Italy, show different patterns and gaps in adopting new media and technologies as well as in using them in their civic participation and engagement. Based on the survey results, four types of publics are suggested (inactive, analogical, hybrid, and digital publics) and a demographic profile of each public including
age, gender, and education is provided. The relationships among public types, level of education, and gender on civic knowledge and civic conversation are examined. The implications for public relations scholarship, and practices are discussed. In addition, the possibility of an emerging social digital public is discussed.

Nowadays, e-government has emerged as a government
policy to improve the quality and efficiency of public
administrations. to improve government-citizen
interactions, the government agencies are providing a wide
spectrum of online services. However, a single service may not be
able to serve citizens’ needs, but a combination of web services
can serve the purpose. It is an important task to solve the
problem of finding such a combination, called Web Service
Composition. Building composite web services can save
significant time and cost for developing new applications and
enhancing the interoperability and collaboration among
administrations. This paper proposes a framework for dynamic
composition of web services using an approach based on
modeling the semantic relationship between the involved web
services through a directed graph. It takes into consideration
functional and non-functional attributes to enable the
computation of relevant and most suitable service compositions
for some service request.

To assist the government in determining its mandate, citizens should be involved as they best know their needs. The significance of citizen engagement in the process of policy formulation is rooted in among others, the fact that public policy outputs and effects affect those to whom the policy is targeted at. This paper identifies areas of contribution of citizen involvement in public policy formulation. Literature illustrates that some governments do not engage citizens sufficiently in the process of public policy formulation. It remains relatively unclear as to why government evades engaging citizens in the formulation of public policy and conduct random and cursory consultations in order to enshroud the lack of consultation. The case of Botswana, illustrates that citizens made adequate efforts in the contribution to the formulation of the country's public policy. This study therefore, shows that citizens are an important stakeholder hence government engages them in a specific domain. This study also discusses selected cases of citizen engagement in Botswana. The study further acknowledges that the failure of policy implementation can be linked to failure on the part of civil servants where they do not follow proper procedure as recommended by the government. To this end, public policy successes require strong involvement of public officials to avoid any policy implementation failure.