Microsoft Excel Solver

This Excel spreadsheet calculates the required sterilization time of canned solid foods, by applying Pham's (1987; 1990) formula method. The spreadsheet can also find the heat process value F of such foods.
Pham's original equations have been extended, to enable calculation of the microbial spoilage rate and of the nutrient retention. All equations used are listed in the calculation section of this spreadsheet.
Findings by Pham are compared and contrasted to those of C.R. Stumbo's heat processing model (1973): the calculated sterilization times Pt, heat process values F, microbial spoilage rates, and nutrient retention were found to be very similar.
Important differences between Pham and Stumbo, however, are: 1) Pham's equations were primarily developed for conduction-heating, solid canned foods; Stumbo's model can also be used for canned convection-heated, liquid products. 2) Pham developed equations for processes in which the heating (fh) and cooling (fc) rates can differ; Stumbo assumes equal heating and cooling rates: fh = fc.
Pham (1987) stated that some of his calculations have to be solved by trial and error. In this spreadsheet such iterations, indicated by pink cells, can easily be solved by Excel's tool Goal Seek. An instruction on how to use Goal Seek has been added.
Six worked examples are included, which may be of help in understanding the use of this spreadsheet. The worked examples are also applied for model validation, and to compare Pham's findings with Stumbo's results.

Model sebaran pergerakan (Trip Distribution Model) merupakan salah satu tahap dalam Model Perencanaan Transportasi Empat Tahap (MPTEP). Manfaat dari model sebaran pergerakan adalah pemodelan pola pergerakan antarzona dengan mempertimbangkan pengaruh dari tingkat aksesibilitas sistem jaringan antarzona dan tingkat bangkitan dan tarikan tiap zona. Model sebaran pergerakan yang dibahas dalam makalah ini termasuk dalam kelompok metode sintetis, yaitu model gravity (GR). Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah memberikan alternatif metode untuk mengkalibrasi parameter dalam model GR yaitu α dan β. yang merupakan parameter fungsi hambatan (aksesibilitas atau kemudahan) antarzona f(C id ). Dalam makalah ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana memanfaatkan spreadsheet dan fasilitas add-in solver dalam Microsoft Excel yang merupakan salah satu jenis spreadsheet solvers dengan dua tipe dasar algoritma yaitu search algorithm dan simplex algorithm untuk kalibrasi parameter fungsi hambatan f(C id ).Keunggulan dari solver untuk kalibrasi model GR adalah kemudahan penggunaan dan kecepatan proses perhitungan berulang (iterasi) dibanding metode kalibrasi secara konvensional (perhitungan secara manual). Namun penggunaan spreadsheet solver juga mempunyai keterbatasan dalam hal fleksibilitas terhadap perubahan dimensi Matriks Asal-Tujuan (MAT).

The Muskingum model continues to be a popular procedure for river flood routing. An important aspect in nonlinear Muskingum models is the calibration of the model parameters. The current study presents the application of commonly available spreadsheet software, Microsoft Excel 2010, for the purpose of estimating the parameters of nonlinear Muskingum routing models. Main advantage of this approach is that it can calibrate the parameters using two different ways without knowing the exact details of optimization techniques. These procedures consist of (1) generalized reduced gradient (GRG) solver and (2) evolutionary solver. The first one needs the initial values assumption for the parameter estimation while the latter requires the determination of the algorithm parameters. The results of the simulation of an example that is a benchmark problem for parameter estimation of the nonlinear Muskingum models indicate that Excel solver is a promising way to reduce problems of the parameter estimation of the nonlinear Muskingum routing models. Furthermore, the results indicate that the efficiency of Excel solver for the parameter estimation of the models can be increased, if both GRG and evolutionary solvers are used together.

Business research consists of a set of important quantitative techniques based on mathematical programming, which have been used effectively in various management processes. Linear programming is one of the most widely used techniques in this group. For a long time, linear programming was used for programming in agriculture and crop management. The present study uses linear programming for crop management in an afro area in central Greece. The current situation is compared with the best solution proposed by the methodology. The solver tool of excel is used. Constraints taken into account are fertilization, irrigation, working hours and land uses. As a result, there are savings of restrictions and a significant increase in yields of the proposed crops.

Equipped with its Solver and-in and VBA, Microsoft Excel makes an ideal educational platform for design analyses of fluid-thermal systems. This paper illustrates this capability by considering a common type of these systems; which is the double-pipe heat exchanger. While Solver is used for the optimisation analysis, VBA is used for the development of a user-defined function (UDF) that determines the optimum standard-pipe size for the system.

Flood routing is a mathematical procedure in order to predict the variation of the magnitude of a flood wave when it propagates along natural rivers or artificial channels. The accuracy of flood routing is an important subject for research in the hydrology and hydraulics. This study focuses on the effects of the numerical solution method and the nonlinear storage equation of the Muskingum flood routing procedure. The simulation results indicate that the Tung’s method has better results (up to 41.26-79.47% for the different nonlinear storage equations) than the Fourth-Order Runge-Kutta method. Therefore, the Tung’s method is more accurate than the other method. Furthermore, based on the previous studies, the Tung’s method has satisfactory results in the field conditions in both calibration and verification steps. On the other hand, the proposed five-parameter nonlinear storage equation improves fitting to the outflow data by 85.21% than the three-parameter equation.

This chapter shows how Microsoft Excel, its Solver add-in, and the associated VBA language can be used as an educational platform for design analyses of fluid-thermal systems that suits the iterative and open-ended nature of the design process better than using design charts and data tables. The chapter illustrates this capability by considering two common types of fluid-thermal systems; which are double-pipe heat exchangers and pump-pipe systems. While the heat exchanger case illustrates the use of Solver for optimising the system, the pump-pipe case illustrates the use of Solver for determining the operating point of the pump and VBA for developing a user-defined function that determines the optimum standard size for the pipeline.

Equipped with its Solver and-in and VBA, Microsoft Excel makes an ideal educational platform for design analyses of fluid-thermal systems. This paper illustrates this capability by considering a common type of these systems; which is the double-pipe heat exchanger. While Solver is used for the optimisation analysis, VBA is used for the development of a user-defined function (UDF) that determines the optimum standard-pipe size for the system.

Equipped with its Solver and-in and VBA, Microsoft Excel makes an ideal educational platform for design analyses of fluid-thermal systems. This paper illustrates this capability by considering a common type of these systems; which is the double-pipe heat exchanger. While Solver is used for the optimisation analysis, VBA is used for the development of a user-defined function (UDF) that determines the optimum standard-pipe size for the system.

Model sebaran pergerakan (Trip Distribution Model) merupakan salah satu tahap dalam Model Perencanaan Transportasi Empat Tahap (MPTEP). Manfaat dari model sebaran pergerakan adalah pemodelan pola pergerakan antarzona dengan mempertimbangkan pengaruh ...