Managment Information System

Information and communication technology (ICT) is an important element to improve
teaching-learning practices. This paper is aimed to determine the barriers affecting the
implementation of ICT in Ethiopian higher learning institutions by adapting the
information system theory (i.e. Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework).
The study employed a case study research method by using a qualitative
research approach. Purposively the stakeholders from higher learning institutions,
ministry of science and higher education, higher education relevance and quality
assurance agency, and non-governmental organizations were participated in the semistructured
interview questions and focus group discussions. For qualitative analysis,
QDA Miner Lite free version software was employed to identify the technologyorganization-
environment related themes. The findings were explained based on the
TOE framework and indicated that technological, organizational, and environmental
barriers which are determining the ICT implementation in the higher learning institutions
of Ethiopia. These determined barriers by adopting the TOE framework were
critical for the future strategic plan for the effective implementation of ICT in the higher
learning institutions teaching-learning practices in the country.

Cloud computing Adoption has achieved an essential inflection factor; this is affecting IT and business models and strategies all through the industries. There is a lack of empirical evidence how the adoption of cloud technology and a certain power of cloud technology specifically, affect various aspects of information technology effectiveness as IT-helpfulness to users, user satisfaction, and IT-quality of service. The intent of this paper has been added to the main of knowledge that could be used by researchers, companies, and businesses alike to accomplish optimal outcomes with focus on the main useful power of cloud-based services, solutions, and components inside them. The research findings presented that statistical evidence that confirms factors of IT Flexibility inside-cloud computing has a much stronger correlation with several aspects of information technology effectiveness than the remainder. The new awareness gain would improve the decision making procedure for IT execut...

Instance-based learning (IBL) is one of the simplest classification methods that is used for more sophisticated learning techniques such as neural networks. However, IBL has large number of stored instances which leads to the increase in the classification execution time. Therefore, a number of reduction techniques have been developed to overcome this problem. Unfortunately, these reduction techniques were not applied for Handwritten Arabic character recognition. In this paper, we apply four reduction techniques for Handwritten Arabic character recognition. The applied reduction method are Condensed Nearest Neighbour (CNN), Edited Nearest Neighbour (ENN), Instance-Based Learning Algorithm 2 (IB2) and Instance-Based Learning Algorithm 3 (IB3). In addition, a technique that performs a pre-processing of the handwritten Arabic characters patterns is proposed. A resulted data set with a small number of instances related to these patterns is presented. Numerical results presented that the size of the resulted training set is much small than that of the KNN technique with acceptable classification accuracy.