MNEs

I-business firms are upraising their capitalization compared to traditional pipeline businesses due to value co-creation with other participants-complementors, supply-side and demand-side users-forming a business ecosystem. The paper discusses the concept of value creation for platform firms and analyzes i-firms ' integration in the global value chains under the influence of Industry 4.0. It results in providing the models of contemporary GVCs with i-business firms embedded in them.

Technology transfer, spillovers and linkages from MNEs to local industry may aid economic development in emerging economies. This paper argues that foreign affiliates in an emerging economy (Chile) will demonstrate multiple patterns of linkage formation which is a combination of competitive and collaborative linkages with local firms. Foreign affiliates will overcome their liability of foreignness (LOF) by engaging in collaborative relationships which augment their ownership advantages in terms of producing socially responsible products and processes (Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR). Using a sample of firms from the service sector in Chile case study techniques are employed within and across to analyse the degree of linkage (DOL) between foreign affiliates and local firms. Foreign affiliates do demonstrate multiple patterns of linkage formation and those firms with above average extent and quality of linkages are also likely to have above average scores for CSR linkages. The implications of these findings for policy and IB theory are discussed.

Resumen
Por medio de transferencia tecnológica, externalidades (o spillovers) y vínculos con entidades locales las empresas multinacionales poseen el potencial de asistir en el desarrollo económico de las economías emergentes. Este artículo argumenta que filiales extranjeras operando en una economía emergente (Chile) mostrarán múltiples tipos de vínculos tales como vínculos competitivos y de colaboración con empresas locales. Las filiales extranjeras compensarán sus desventajas derivadas de su origen extranjero por medio del establecimiento de vínculos colaborativos, los cuales incrementan las ventajas provenientes de sus activos (ownership advantages) en términos de producción de productos y procesos que son socialmente responsables (Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, RSE). Para el análisis del grado de vinculación (Degree of Linkage, DOL) entre las filiales extranjeras y las empresas locales una muestra de empresas del sector servicios en Chile fue analizada utilizando técnicas de estudio de casos. Se encontró que las filiales extranjeras efectivamente establecen múltiples tipos de vínculos con otras empresas, y las filiales que han establecido un nivel de vínculos por sobre el promedio, en términos de cantidad y calidad, también han establecido vínculos de RSE por sobre el promedio. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados en términos de políticas y para la teoría de negocios internacionales.

I-business firms are upraising their capitalization compared to traditional pipeline businesses due to value co-creation with other participants-complementors, supply-side and demand-side users-forming a business ecosystem. The paper discusses the concept of value creation for platform firms and analyzes i-firms ' integration in the global value chains under the influence of Industry 4.0. It results in providing the models of contemporary GVCs with i-business firms embedded in them.

I-business firms are upraising their capitalization compared to traditional pipeline businesses due to value cocreation with other participants complementors, supply-side and demand-side users forming a business ecosystem. The paper discusses the concept of value creation for platform firms and analyzes i-firms ’ integration in the global value chains under the influence of Industry 4.0. It results in providing the models of contemporary GVCs with i-business firms embedded in them.