Inclined plane

In this study, the coefficient of static friction (μ s) of a plastic plane was determined by using the inclined plane experiment. This was determined by recording the angle at which a wooden box started to slide on the inclined plastic plane. The experimental data was collected from several trials as there were many uncontrolled factors that were possibly overlooked or, detected but impossible to eradicate. By using the (sinθ)(mass)(gravity)= (μ s)(mass)(gravity)(cosθ) formula and substituting the experimental data obtained from the trials, it was possible to calculate the value of μ s of the plastic plane. In addition to this calculation, it was unveiled that the mass of the object did not have an effect on the μ s value of the material, and this is an idea that warrants further study.

For many years, the effects of mass on objects rolling down an inclined plane have been studied and well known. Generally, having a greater mass means that a rolling object, such as a ball, will have a greater moment of inertia. Having a greater moment of inertia will require more energy in order for the object to begin accelerating rotationally. Heavier objects also have more potential energy at the top of the ramp, since potential energy = mgh.

In addition, heavier objects will be more resistant to the effects of air resistance and rolling resistance. Also, some objects like rigid objects need a change in the work-energy principle. A point mass can't rotate. Well, maybe it can. However, if it is really just a point, how would you know it's rotating? A rigid object can clearly rotate. There is a difference between a stick moving in a translational motion and a rotating stick. This means that we need another type of kinetic energy, rotational kinetic energy.

Furthermore, in this experiment, the model is an experimenter-made wherein the inclined plane is controlled. It is a paper-based material, but rigid enough and has impact resistance to prevent foldability of the incline during the rolling of the tennis and ping pong ball. It is not frictionless, thus, friction will be one of the significant factor that will be considered in this experiment.

Research Question: How does the angle of an incline plane (independent variable) affect the acceleration of a rolling tennis ball (dependent variable)? Measured by creating an incline plane, where the angle is changed to measure the acceleration of a the tennis ball.

RESUMEN Teniendo en cuenta las ventajas que tienen los microcontroladores para el diseño y la construcción de toda clase de aplicaciones, queremos mostrar en esta oportunidad el desarrollo de dos prototipos didácticos para la enseñanza de la física, los cuales permiten corroborar y determinar leyes y ecuaciones cinemáticas de cada tema, facilitando al mismo tiempo el aprendizaje de unidades como el movimiento circular uniforme y el plano inclinado.

Inclined plane with four sensors RESUMEN En este artículo se quiere ilustrar las características de un nuevo prototipo desarrollado por el grupo de investigación "Diseño y construcción de prototipos para experimentos de demostración": Este dispositivo es conocido como "plano inclinado con cuatro sensores" el cual permite estudiar de manera exitosa el recorrido que hace una masa cualquiera, ubicada sobre un plano inclinado, que tiene ubicados cuatro sensores de tiempo, para el monitoreo continuo de esta variable física en esta clase de movimiento, que finalmente se identifica por ser un movimiento uniformemente acelerado.

Que la estática es un capítulo más de la física es aceptado con total naturalidad desde que Newton estableció las bases de la mecánica clásica. Pero estas dos disciplinas, estática y dinámica, tienen historias diferentes, con encuentros y desencuentros, desde la Antigüedad hasta el Renacimiento. En este artículo, se describe parte de este proceso en relación a algunos aspectos de la mecánica, en particular de la estática. Cómo esta disciplina quedó establecida, ya en la Antigüedad, en forma rigurosa y matemática, mientras que la dinámica se enfrentó con dificultades conceptuales y empíricas que comenzaron a esclarecerse recién en el Renacimiento. Las leyes de la estática fueron establecidas inicialmente por Arquímedes utilizando un sistema axiomático riguroso. En el presente artículo, se muestra cómo la tradición arquimediana resurgió con gran impulso durante el renacimiento mientras existía la tradición rival de aquellos que estaban dispuestos a sacrificar hasta cierto punto el rigor matemático, recurriendo a principios dinámicos de fundamentación dudosa pero de eficacia heurística. Galileo fue un exponente claro de la nueva cultura renacentista y no renunció a conectar las tradiciones estática y dinámica, pero a la vez consideraba posible fundamentar rigurosa y geométricamente el estudio del movimiento, y fue quien logró resolver la crisis entre estática y dinámica, conduciendo la matemática renacentista a una realización exitosa y contribuyendo al nacimiento de una nueva física.

This paper proposes the fault tolerant gait to be used in locomotion of hexapod robot on inclined plane. Comparison between various possible gaits has been made. Out of these, the described gait is selected for slow walking of hexapod. A general fault tolerant algorithm is developed depending on the leg failed. In case there occurs a sudden fault event in one of the legs, turning motion is used to rotate the robot body to desired position to avoid permanent damage of failed leg. The condition under which turning motion takes place is analyzed theoretically.

The motion of bodies is a subject of fundamental importance both
in the History of Physics & Nature of Science (NoS). Among the students, still several serious misconceptions occur. This work describes an ad hoc educational–and–experimental (physics and mathematics) path on Galileo’s notes in the field. It has been planned and implemented at the high school Liceo Scientifico “F. Sbordone” in Naples (Italy). It is based on historical foundations of science & Nature of Science Teaching Analysis (Cfr. Pisano, Cioci 2020). Galilean sources (e.g., his works and laboratory notes) and most recent historical studies have been analysed. This subject is part of larger doctoral research in Nature of Science by Mr. Vincenzo Cioci at the Lille University (France) under Raffaele Pisano’s supervising.
Keywords: Galileo, inclined plane, motion of the bullet.